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单词 self-sufficiency
释义

self-sufficiencyn.

Brit. /ˌsɛlfsəˈfɪʃnsi/, U.S. /ˌsɛlfsəˈfɪʃənsi/
Forms: see self- prefix and sufficiency n.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: self- prefix, sufficiency n.
Etymology: < self- prefix + sufficiency n., after self-sufficient adj. Compare later self-sufficience n.In sense 1a originally translating Middle French suffisance suffisance n., itself translating ancient Greek αὐτάρκεια autarky n.
1.
a. The state or condition of not needing or relying on external assistance, support, or aid.In early use frequently identified as an attribute of God.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > nature or attributes of God > [noun] > self-sufficiency
self-sufficiency1598
self-sufficience1623
sufficiency1635
self-fullness1668
society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [noun] > self-sufficiency
sufficiencec1384
suffisancea1450
self-sufficiency1598
autarky1617
self-dependencea1620
self-sufficience1623
self-subsistencea1631
self-support1632
self-fullness1668
self-reliance1668
self-dependency1749
self-sustainment1779
self-sustenance1786
self-sufficingness1811
substantiveness1821
self-sustentationa1832
self-containment1841
self-sufficientness1846
self-containing1850
self-supportedness1862
rugged individualism1898
1598 I. D. tr. L. Le Roy Aristotles Politiques i. ii. 12 That for which cause other things are done, & which is the end, is good; now selfe-sufficiencie [Fr. suffisance; Gk. αὐτάρκεια] is the end, & therfore exceeding good.
1623 R. Carpenter Conscionable Christian 59 A good..conscience is a..principall part of Gods Image in man, whereby he doth most resemble the selfe-sufficiency of God.
a1670 G. Rust Disc. Truth (1682) 185 Then will God be determined in his actions from something without himself, which is to take away his independency and self-sufficiency.
1701 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World I. iii. 157 The excellent perfections of the Divinity, especially those of His self-sufficiency and independency.
a1760 G. Fothergill Serm. Several Subj. & Occasions (1761) ii. 42 We are led to ascribe to our imaginary Deity such Degrees of Perfection and Self-Sufficiency as Experience will by no Means justify Us in.
1823 Churchman's Mag. July 217/1 Can we address him, as omnipotent, without suppressing every idea of our own self-sufficiency?
1919 J. Galsworthy Saint's Progress ix. 183 In his dreamy nature there was a curious self-sufficiency, which only violent shocks disturbed.
1995 S. Stern-Gillet Aristotle's Philos. of Friendship vi. 123 Most ancient philosophers, from Plato to the Stoics, praised self-sufficiency.
2013 Kindred Spirit Mar. 96/1 Preserve your self-sufficiency. Living in each other's pockets could be problematic long term.
b. spec. Of a country, community, etc.: the state or condition of not requiring goods or commodities from elsewhere; financial or economic independence.
ΚΠ
1847 F. W. Newman Hist. Hebrew Monarchy 22 The land of Israel, for so very small a tract, possessed an unusual self-sufficiency for all physical well-being.
1897 J. Morley Machiavelli 26 Self-sufficiency, military strength, force, flexibility, address.
1932 World Agric. (Royal Inst. Internat. Affairs Study Group) viii. 133 A measure of self-sufficiency in food is regarded as one of the primary elements in natural defence.
1973 J. Seymour & S. Seymour Self-sufficiency i. 9 What I am interested in is post-industrial self-sufficiency: that of the person who has gone through the big-city-industrial way of life..and wants to go on to something better.
1974 News & Courier (Charleston, S. Carolina) 7 Apr. a12/2 They argue that the 1985 target date for self-sufficiency is unrealistic, and that..some oil and gas still must be imported.
2002 O. Figes Natasha's Dance (2003) ii. iii. 96 It showed..[the exiles] how to live truly by the principles of communality and self-sufficiency.
2. The state or condition of having excessive confidence in oneself or one's abilities; arrogance; presumptuousness. Also occasionally: an instance of this. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pride > excessive self-confidence > [noun]
overtrust?c1225
self-witc1425
self-trust1526
self-wisdom1571
self-assurance1595
confidence1599
self-confidence1604
self-security1606
self-sufficiencya1617
sufficiency1638
self-wittedness1647
self-trusting1658
self-poise1774
suffisance1781
cock-surety1819
disinvolturac1847
cocksureness1878
cocksureism1889
a1617 P. Baynes Christian Lett. (1620) sig. C4 There is in you such a secret Selfe-sufficiencie..that your spirite awakeneth not with such pouerty in it, which maketh you look vp to God.
1631 J. Ball Treat. Faith 210 My heart is much poysoned with selfe-sufficiencie.
a1704 T. Brown Declam. Praise Poverty (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1730) I. 89 Such a self-sufficiency, such an overweaning conceit.
1745 J. Mason Treat. Self-knowl. ii. v. 170 An Eagerness and Zeal for Dispute, on every Subject, and with every one, shews great Self-Sufficiency.
1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. II. 211 Astonished even with all his self-sufficiency at the triumphant success of his enterprize.
1885 Manch. Examiner 21 Jan. 5/2 We threw him off, and acted..with arrogant inconsiderateness and self-sufficiency.
1928 C. S. Churchill Let. 12 Nov. in W. S. Churchill & C. S. Churchill Speaking for Themselves (1999) xiii. 331 I must..ask you what you think of Coolidge's Armistice Speech. Its coldness, smugness, self-sufficiency, boastfulness, Pharisaicalness & cant make me boil & freeze alternately.
3. A supply of a commodity that is adequate for a country's own needs. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only in the works of T. Fuller.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > for oneself or himself
his enough1597
self-sufficiency1642
1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xvi. 194 Let it [sc. a plantation] have a Self-sufficiency, or some Staple commoditie to ballance traffique with other countreys.
1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine i. iv. 10 Commodities..whereof that Countrey had not onely a self sufficiency, but also sent plenty thereof to Tyre.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1598
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