self-determinationn.

Brit.

/ˌsɛlfdᵻˌtəːmᵻˈneɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌsɛlfdəˌtərməˈneɪʃ(ə)n/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: self- prefix, determination n.

Etymology: < self- prefix + determination n. Compare slightly later self-determine v.

a. The power or freedom to direct oneself or act independently; the capacity for free will; (formerly also) †an act proceeding from this, an independent act (obsolete). In later use: esp. the process of, or capacity for, determining one's own course of life.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > free will > [noun] > self-determination, etc.

self-action1613

ownhood1649

self-determination1652

self-determining1675

self-determinism1874

1652 R. Baxter Friendly Accomodation 358 The souls first Conatus or self determination to understand and will, is in the predicament of Action.

1686 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. II II. vii. 755 As necessary Agents, that have no free-will or principle of self determination.

1700 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) iv. xvii. 407 The Ideas of Men and self-determination appear to be connected.

1775 A. M. Toplady Scheme Christian Necessity v. 93 Faith hangs, not upon Man's Self-determination, but on God's own Self-determined Election.

1842 H. E. Manning Serm. iv. 59 Our fearful and wonderful inward nature..has a power of self-determination.

1872 H. P. Liddon Some Elements Relig. iii. 89 It is your will which, by a voluntary self-determination, caused the movement of the muscles of your arm.

1879 Rose-Belford's Canad. Monthly May 575/1 From woman's right of self-determination follows also the correlative right to enter any employment or profession for which she has the taste and qualification.

1913 H. W. Wright Self-realization ii. v. 162 If we understand that the true meaning of freedom is self-determination we are able to perceive how far both Libertarianism and Determinism are right.

1927 F. M. Thrasher Gang iv. xxii. 526 Not all gangs are bad or vicious. Most gangs, however, left to self-determination, engage in activities that are meaningless.

1970 G. Greer Female Eunuch 293 Many female heretics, such as members of the Family of Love, had joined..because they offered new scope for female self-determination.

2012 Church Times 13 Jan. 7/3 Those offering formal counselling to people with unwanted SSA [= same-sex attraction] must exercise considerable caution. They must..show respect for client autonomy and self-determination.

b. spec. The process or result of a nation determining its own statehood and form of government; this regarded as a right.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [noun] > national independence > self-determination

self-determination1911

1911 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 653/1 The more enlightened of the emperors..made a genuine endeavour to give a due share in the work of government to the various subject races. But nothing could compensate for the lack of self-determination.

1918 W. Wilson in N.Y. Times 12 Feb. 1/5 National aspirations must be respected; peoples may now be dominated and governed only by their own consent. ‘Self-determination’ is not a mere phrase. It is an imperative principle of action, which statesmen will henceforth ignore at their peril.

1922 F. A. Vanderlip What next in Europe? v. 70 Application of the principle of self-determination as carried out by these Treaties was a most dangerous experiment.

1946 D. L. Sayers Unpop. Opinions 100 Eire demanded self-determination... Northern Ireland also wanted self-determination, and was determined to remain with England.

1968 ‘J. le Carré’ Small Town in Germany x. 162 The Yanks are going crazy about self-determination. Why don't they try it in East Germany?

2013 Daily Tel. 6 Feb. 14/2 The people of the Falklands are British. They remain free to choose their own futures, both politically and economically, and have a right to self-determination as enshrined in the UN Charter.

2. The quality or condition of being determined to achieve or do something; firmness of purpose, inner resoluteness.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > resolution or determination > [noun]

willOE

businessa1387

wilfulnessc1386

restc1400

point1477

appointmenta1535

firmitude?1541

resoluteness?1560

resolve1592

resolution1594

constancy1603

resolvance1603

resolvedness1611

intensiona1619

determinateness1652

decisiveness1714

determinedness1747

decision1770

decidedness1800

setness1818

determinativeness1821

determination1822

virtu1876

the courage of one's convictions or opinions1878

self-determination1890

adamancy1898

drivenness1902

adamance1925

1890 Times & Reg. (U.S.) 22 Nov. 480/1 There is a certain percentage of cures [of inebriety] under hypnotic treatment, as indeed there is with no treatment at all, by sheer self-determination.

1949 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant 1 Sept. 10/1 A new pattern of behavior which substitutes reality for fantasy and self-determination for escapism.

1974 Houston County Courier (Crockett, Texas) 10 Jan. 9/4 Miss Byrd is to be commended in her self determination in completing her education.

1989 D. Maharidge & M. Williamson And their Children after Them iv. i. 132 As her family came apart, she became bitter but full of self-determination.

2017 Hobart (Tasmania) Mercury (Nexis) 6 May (Business section) 39 The devastation he's seen..instilled a steely sense of resolve..[and] self-determination.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	self-determination
释义	self-determinationn. Brit. /ˌsɛlfdᵻˌtəːmᵻˈneɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌsɛlfdəˌtərməˈneɪʃ(ə)n/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: self- prefix, determination n. Etymology: < self- prefix + determination n. Compare slightly later self-determine v. 1. a. The power or freedom to direct oneself or act independently; the capacity for free will; (formerly also) †an act proceeding from this, an independent act (obsolete). In later use: esp. the process of, or capacity for, determining one's own course of life. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > free will > [noun] > self-determination, etc. self-action1613 ownhood1649 self-determination1652 self-determining1675 self-determinism1874 1652 R. Baxter Friendly Accomodation 358 The souls first Conatus or self determination to understand and will, is in the predicament of Action. 1686 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. II II. vii. 755 As necessary Agents, that have no free-will or principle of self determination. 1700 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) iv. xvii. 407 The Ideas of Men and self-determination appear to be connected. 1775 A. M. Toplady Scheme Christian Necessity v. 93 Faith hangs, not upon Man's Self-determination, but on God's own Self-determined Election. 1842 H. E. Manning Serm. iv. 59 Our fearful and wonderful inward nature..has a power of self-determination. 1872 H. P. Liddon Some Elements Relig. iii. 89 It is your will which, by a voluntary self-determination, caused the movement of the muscles of your arm. 1879 Rose-Belford's Canad. Monthly May 575/1 From woman's right of self-determination follows also the correlative right to enter any employment or profession for which she has the taste and qualification. 1913 H. W. Wright Self-realization ii. v. 162 If we understand that the true meaning of freedom is self-determination we are able to perceive how far both Libertarianism and Determinism are right. 1927 F. M. Thrasher Gang iv. xxii. 526 Not all gangs are bad or vicious. Most gangs, however, left to self-determination, engage in activities that are meaningless. 1970 G. Greer Female Eunuch 293 Many female heretics, such as members of the Family of Love, had joined..because they offered new scope for female self-determination. 2012 Church Times 13 Jan. 7/3 Those offering formal counselling to people with unwanted SSA [= same-sex attraction] must exercise considerable caution. They must..show respect for client autonomy and self-determination. b. spec. The process or result of a nation determining its own statehood and form of government; this regarded as a right. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [noun] > national independence > self-determination self-determination1911 1911 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 653/1 The more enlightened of the emperors..made a genuine endeavour to give a due share in the work of government to the various subject races. But nothing could compensate for the lack of self-determination. 1918 W. Wilson in N.Y. Times 12 Feb. 1/5 National aspirations must be respected; peoples may now be dominated and governed only by their own consent. ‘Self-determination’ is not a mere phrase. It is an imperative principle of action, which statesmen will henceforth ignore at their peril. 1922 F. A. Vanderlip What next in Europe? v. 70 Application of the principle of self-determination as carried out by these Treaties was a most dangerous experiment. 1946 D. L. Sayers Unpop. Opinions 100 Eire demanded self-determination... Northern Ireland also wanted self-determination, and was determined to remain with England. 1968 ‘J. le Carré’ Small Town in Germany x. 162 The Yanks are going crazy about self-determination. Why don't they try it in East Germany? 2013 Daily Tel. 6 Feb. 14/2 The people of the Falklands are British. They remain free to choose their own futures, both politically and economically, and have a right to self-determination as enshrined in the UN Charter. 2. The quality or condition of being determined to achieve or do something; firmness of purpose, inner resoluteness. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > resolution or determination > [noun] willOE businessa1387 wilfulnessc1386 restc1400 point1477 appointmenta1535 firmitude?1541 resoluteness?1560 resolve1592 resolution1594 constancy1603 resolvance1603 resolvedness1611 intensiona1619 determinateness1652 decisiveness1714 determinedness1747 decision1770 decidedness1800 setness1818 determinativeness1821 determination1822 virtu1876 the courage of one's convictions or opinions1878 self-determination1890 adamancy1898 drivenness1902 adamance1925 1890 Times & Reg. (U.S.) 22 Nov. 480/1 There is a certain percentage of cures [of inebriety] under hypnotic treatment, as indeed there is with no treatment at all, by sheer self-determination. 1949 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant 1 Sept. 10/1 A new pattern of behavior which substitutes reality for fantasy and self-determination for escapism. 1974 Houston County Courier (Crockett, Texas) 10 Jan. 9/4 Miss Byrd is to be commended in her self determination in completing her education. 1989 D. Maharidge & M. Williamson And their Children after Them iv. i. 132 As her family came apart, she became bitter but full of self-determination. 2017 Hobart (Tasmania) Mercury (Nexis) 6 May (Business section) 39 The devastation he's seen..instilled a steely sense of resolve..[and] self-determination. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1652
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