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单词 self-reversal
释义

self-reversaln.

Brit. /ˌsɛlfrᵻˈvəːsl/, U.S. /ˌsɛlfrəˈvərs(ə)l/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: self- prefix, reversal n.
Etymology: < self- prefix + reversal n.
1. The action of reversing or overturning one's own decision, policy, opinion, etc.; (also) an instance of this.
ΚΠ
1864 C. Beecher Redeemer & Redeemed xxii. 293 A free choice in a wrong direction,—so free that there is in it no element of self-reversal.
1893 Times (Philadelphia) 18 Aug. 1/2 Judges are not exempt from the frailties common to human nature, and their judgments are not infallible, as their self-reversals may show.
1916 N.Y. Tribune 22 Mar. 10/3 The record of Mr. Wilson since he became a candidate for the Presidency has been a succession of self-reversals on critically important matters.
1955 Notes 13 55/2 Claire Reis has ample justification for her fanfare of triumph over the self-reversal of the critics during the period of her activities.
1990 Yale Law Jrnl. 99 1354 The recent [Supreme] Court's..sudden and unprincipled self-reversal concerning ‘independent and adequate state grounds’.
2006 USA Today (Nexis) 13 Oct. 1 a This year's self-reversal exemplifies the central political mystery of Arnold Schwarzenegger: continual change that has kept voters and politicians guessing whether [he]..is at heart a Republican, a Democrat or a combination of the two.
2. With reference to a moving object or part: the action of reversing direction spontaneously or without external intervention.
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1883 Electrician 20 Jan. 222/2 The only defect of the [Voss induction] machine is a tendency to self-reversal, which is apt to occur at a stoppage.
1910 U.S. Patent 946,558 3/1 Means serving to prevent the body from traveling beyond the limits of self-reversal or return movement by gravity.
2012 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 370 3976 Random error movements of machine elements..must be minimized... [This] is achieved using self-reversal techniques.
3. Physics. In spectroscopy: the darkening of the middle of a bright spectral line as a result of radiation emitted by a hot gas being partly reabsorbed as it passes through cooler regions of the gas. Also: an instance of this.
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1883 Proc. Cambr. Philos. Soc. 4 259 In these cases of self-reversals the light of the line is only partially absorbed but there are other cases of..complete reversal.
1905 E. C. C. Baly Spectroscopy xii. 384 The lines generally were sharper than in the case of the arc in air,..and there were fewer self-reversals.
1934 H. E. White Introd. Atomic Spectra xiv. 250 The centers of the potassium-doublet, the calcium-singlet, and the copper-doublet lines show self-reversal due to absorption.
1977 A. Corney Atomic & Laser Spectroscopy x. 313 Systematic errors are difficult to avoid in these experiments since the profile..is usually considerably distorted by self absorption or even self reversal.
2012 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 370 3133 HOLMUL has no chromospheric temperature rise which would produce self-reversals in..strong lines.
4. Geology. The process by which some ferromagnetic rocks can acquire residual magnetism opposite to that of the ambient magnetic field. Also: an instance of this. Cf. remanence n. 3.
ΚΠ
1952 T. Nagata et al. in Jrnl. Geomagnetism & Geoelectr. 4 22 An experimental proof of self-reversal of thermo-remanent magnetism of igneous rocks is obtained.
1971 Nature 5 Feb. 378/1 At this point [sc. the early 1950s] an alternative to field reversal began to receive serious consideration. This was self-reversal, the possibility that some rocks possessed an intrinsic property whereby they could acquire a magnetization antiparallel to the ambient field, or whereby an originally parallel magnetization could reverse spontaneously.
1996 Amer. Scientist Mar. 185/2 The existence of self-reversals is just one more difficulty faced by those who aspire to provide a documentation of reversals from the paleomagnetic record in rocks.
2009 Irish Jrnl. Earth Sci. 27 8/1 In theory, self-reversal may be caused by chemical changes.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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