sensitizern.

Brit.

/ˈsɛnsᵻtʌɪzə/, U.S.

/ˈsɛnsəˌtaɪzər/

Forms: see sensitize v. and -er suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: sensitize v., -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < sensitize v. + -er suffix¹.In sense 2a after French substance sensibilisatrice (see sensibilizer n. at sensibilize v. Derivatives). With sense 2b compare slightly earlier photosensitizer n. 2.

1. Photography. A substance or preparation used to render photographic paper, film, emulsion, etc., sensitive to light or other radiation.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > chemicals > [noun] > emulsion or sensitizer

emulsion1840

collodion1851

sensitizer1854

nitrate bath1858

collodio-bromide1864

organifier1873

silver bath1878

bromide emulsion1885

silver1891

sensibilizer1900

panchromatic1906

nuclear emulsion1949

1854 Notes & Queries 18 Feb. 157/2 If we add too much or too little of the bromine sensitizer, we make the plate less sensitive.

1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 314 The addition to a sensitive film of certain coloring matters, which are known as optical sensitisers or selective sensitisers, renders the film sensitive to rays which would otherwise produce little or no photographic effect.

1937 Sci. Monthly Aug. 102/2 Yet without the sensitizers, developers, and the plastic film, modern photography could not exist.

1980 T. B. Brill Light xii. 261 Infrared sensitizers are used in infrared film.

2007 M. Osterman in M. R. Peres Focal Encycl. Photogr. (ed. 4) 111/2 Many natural substances are sensitive to light or energy and most do not require a separate sensitizer.

2. Immunology.

a. An antibody that renders its target susceptible to the action of complement; (also) antibody of this type. Cf. sensibilizer n. at sensibilize v. Derivatives and sensitizin n. Now historical and rare.

ΚΠ

1901 Trans. Pathol. Soc. London 52 214 If Bordet's view is correct, that the immune body is merely a sensitiser, it is difficult to see why it should require ten times as much to sensitise the corpuscle in one case as in another.

1902 V. C. Vaughan & F. G. Novy Cellular Toxins (ed. 4) vii. 135 Ehrlich's intermediary body is designated by Bordet as the sensitizer (substance sensibilatrice), and its function is to render impressionable globules sensitive to the action of the toxic body, which Ehrlich designates as complement and Bordet calls alexin.

1914 H. Zinsser Infection & Resistance vi. 166 To eliminate the uncertain elements obtaining in experiments in which normal sensitizer is used, they now experimented with guinea pig corpuscles, anti-guinea pig sensitizer (from a rabbit immunized with guinea pig blood cells) and guinea pig alexin.

1935 N. P. Sherwood Immunol. vi. 112 Anaphylactic sensitizers.—Many persons have considered these interesting antibodies as identical with the precipitins but more recently some doubt has been cast on this hypothesis.

1997 Jrnl. Hist. Biol. 30 333 Bordet reiterates his view of the similarity between the action of the sensitizer on antigen and that of ‘mordanting agents’.

b. A substance or agent that causes or contributes to the development of an allergic reaction, esp. in the skin.See also photosensitizer n. 2.

ΚΠ

1928 Lancet 15 Sept. 576/1 The skins of patients differ in their reactions towards light, due probably to the presence of a sensitiser.

1941 Public Health Rep. (U.S. Public Health Service) 56 1789 These wetting agents..do defat the skin and may act as sensitizers.

1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 97 83/2 It is difficult to make it [sc. Selye calciphylaxis] fit into the clinical pictures of reported cases inasmuch as neither the sensitizer nor the challenger can be traced therein.

1994 Daily Tel. 29 Nov. 11/5 The risk due to exposure to occupational respiratory sensitisers occurs independently of the influence of personal factors such as whether a person smokes or is allergic to pollen or house-dust mite.

2001 L. Gamlin Allergy Bible (2002) 55/2 Sometimes a sensitiser becomes airborne and is inhaled, then carried around the body in the blood.

3. Psychology.

a. Something that causes a person to become sensitized. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1948 Jrnl. Abnormal & Soc. Psychol. 43 151/2 Nature orientation acts as a sensitizer, lowering thresholds for acceptable stimulus objects.

1951 Jrnl. Abnormal & Soc. Psychol. 46 557/1 Needs could act as sensitizers, lowering the recognition thresholds for need-related stimuli.

b. A person who reacts to something by becoming sensitive or sensitized to it, rather than by repressing the response. Contrasted with repressor, represser.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > experimental psychology > stimulus-response > response > [noun] > sensitive respondent

sensitizer1968

1968 M. Wiener & A. Mehrabian Lang. within Lang. v. 104 Their findings on the autonomic reactivity of subjects, ordered by their verbalizations as being sensitizers or repressors, are relevant.

1972 S. R. Maddi Personality Theories v. 207 Psychiatric outpatients were..classified on the basis of their therapeutic interviews and other clinical tests as either sensitizers or repressers.

1976 Psychol. Rep. 39 189 The death message resulted in significantly more..anxiety than the neutral message for repressors as well as for sensitizers.

2014 S. Hanton & S. D. Mellalieu in A. G. Papaioannou & D. Hackfort Routledge Compan. Sport & Exercise Psychol. xxviii. 439/1 Sensitizers tend to approach threatening situations and react with increased attention.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sensitizer
释义	sensitizern. Brit. /ˈsɛnsᵻtʌɪzə/, U.S. /ˈsɛnsəˌtaɪzər/ Forms: see sensitize v. and -er suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: sensitize v., -er suffix¹. Etymology: < sensitize v. + -er suffix¹.In sense 2a after French substance sensibilisatrice (see sensibilizer n. at sensibilize v. Derivatives). With sense 2b compare slightly earlier photosensitizer n. 2. 1. Photography. A substance or preparation used to render photographic paper, film, emulsion, etc., sensitive to light or other radiation. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > chemicals > [noun] > emulsion or sensitizer emulsion1840 collodion1851 sensitizer1854 nitrate bath1858 collodio-bromide1864 organifier1873 silver bath1878 bromide emulsion1885 silver1891 sensibilizer1900 panchromatic1906 nuclear emulsion1949 1854 Notes & Queries 18 Feb. 157/2 If we add too much or too little of the bromine sensitizer, we make the plate less sensitive. 1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 314 The addition to a sensitive film of certain coloring matters, which are known as optical sensitisers or selective sensitisers, renders the film sensitive to rays which would otherwise produce little or no photographic effect. 1937 Sci. Monthly Aug. 102/2 Yet without the sensitizers, developers, and the plastic film, modern photography could not exist. 1980 T. B. Brill Light xii. 261 Infrared sensitizers are used in infrared film. 2007 M. Osterman in M. R. Peres Focal Encycl. Photogr. (ed. 4) 111/2 Many natural substances are sensitive to light or energy and most do not require a separate sensitizer. 2. Immunology. a. An antibody that renders its target susceptible to the action of complement; (also) antibody of this type. Cf. sensibilizer n. at sensibilize v. Derivatives and sensitizin n. Now historical and rare. ΚΠ 1901 Trans. Pathol. Soc. London 52 214 If Bordet's view is correct, that the immune body is merely a sensitiser, it is difficult to see why it should require ten times as much to sensitise the corpuscle in one case as in another. 1902 V. C. Vaughan & F. G. Novy Cellular Toxins (ed. 4) vii. 135 Ehrlich's intermediary body is designated by Bordet as the sensitizer (substance sensibilatrice), and its function is to render impressionable globules sensitive to the action of the toxic body, which Ehrlich designates as complement and Bordet calls alexin. 1914 H. Zinsser Infection & Resistance vi. 166 To eliminate the uncertain elements obtaining in experiments in which normal sensitizer is used, they now experimented with guinea pig corpuscles, anti-guinea pig sensitizer (from a rabbit immunized with guinea pig blood cells) and guinea pig alexin. 1935 N. P. Sherwood Immunol. vi. 112 Anaphylactic sensitizers.—Many persons have considered these interesting antibodies as identical with the precipitins but more recently some doubt has been cast on this hypothesis. 1997 Jrnl. Hist. Biol. 30 333 Bordet reiterates his view of the similarity between the action of the sensitizer on antigen and that of ‘mordanting agents’. b. A substance or agent that causes or contributes to the development of an allergic reaction, esp. in the skin.See also photosensitizer n. 2. ΚΠ 1928 Lancet 15 Sept. 576/1 The skins of patients differ in their reactions towards light, due probably to the presence of a sensitiser. 1941 Public Health Rep. (U.S. Public Health Service) 56 1789 These wetting agents..do defat the skin and may act as sensitizers. 1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 97 83/2 It is difficult to make it [sc. Selye calciphylaxis] fit into the clinical pictures of reported cases inasmuch as neither the sensitizer nor the challenger can be traced therein. 1994 Daily Tel. 29 Nov. 11/5 The risk due to exposure to occupational respiratory sensitisers occurs independently of the influence of personal factors such as whether a person smokes or is allergic to pollen or house-dust mite. 2001 L. Gamlin Allergy Bible (2002) 55/2 Sometimes a sensitiser becomes airborne and is inhaled, then carried around the body in the blood. 3. Psychology. a. Something that causes a person to become sensitized. Now rare. ΚΠ 1948 Jrnl. Abnormal & Soc. Psychol. 43 151/2 Nature orientation acts as a sensitizer, lowering thresholds for acceptable stimulus objects. 1951 Jrnl. Abnormal & Soc. Psychol. 46 557/1 Needs could act as sensitizers, lowering the recognition thresholds for need-related stimuli. b. A person who reacts to something by becoming sensitive or sensitized to it, rather than by repressing the response. Contrasted with repressor, represser. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > experimental psychology > stimulus-response > response > [noun] > sensitive respondent sensitizer1968 1968 M. Wiener & A. Mehrabian Lang. within Lang. v. 104 Their findings on the autonomic reactivity of subjects, ordered by their verbalizations as being sensitizers or repressors, are relevant. 1972 S. R. Maddi Personality Theories v. 207 Psychiatric outpatients were..classified on the basis of their therapeutic interviews and other clinical tests as either sensitizers or repressers. 1976 Psychol. Rep. 39 189 The death message resulted in significantly more..anxiety than the neutral message for repressors as well as for sensitizers. 2014 S. Hanton & S. D. Mellalieu in A. G. Papaioannou & D. Hackfort Routledge Compan. Sport & Exercise Psychol. xxviii. 439/1 Sensitizers tend to approach threatening situations and react with increased attention. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1854
随便看	soshi soso sosoish sosoishly sosolooking sososo sospire sospital sospitation sospitator soss soss- soss-bangle soss-belly sossbangle sossbelly sossed sosses sossing sossings sossle sostenente sostenentes sostenuti sostenuto