sesamen.

/ˈsɛsəmiː/formerly

/ˈsɛsəm/

/ˈsiːsəm/

Forms: Middle English sysane, 1500s–1600s sesama, 1600s sesami, sesamo, sesamy, 1600s– sesame, (1800s sesamé), 1500s– sesam.

Etymology: In early use, < Latin sēsamum (see sesamum n.), also sīsamum, and sēsama, -ima = Greek σήσαμον, σησάμη, probably of eastern origin, but the relation to the Semitic forms (Syriac shūshmå, Jewish Aramaic shumsh^emā, Arabic simsim) is not clear. Some of the earlier forms represent Italian sesamo, or modern Greek σησάμι (= earlier σησάμιον, diminutive). The modern currency and form of the word are due to translations of the Arabian Nights from French (sésame), and the trisyllabic pronunciation to association with Greek σησάμη.

1. A widely cultivated East Indian plant, Sesamum indicum (N.O. Pedaliaceæ). Also, the seeds of this plant, from which an oil is expressed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plant, nut, or bean yielding oil > [noun] > sesame plant or seed

sesamec1440

gingellya1544

sesamum1577

sergelim1588

sesamine1607

oily corn1671

purging grain1688

oily-grain1753

vanglo1756

benne1769

sesamus1813

til1840

sim-sim1917

the world > food and drink > food > corn, cereals, or grain > [noun] > other grains

buckwheat1548

brank1577

bullimong1578

sesame1600

block-wheat1611

fundi1670

kurakkan1681

manna seeds1764

manna1780

teff1790

bajra1813

semsem1866

sesame grain1867

c1440 Pallad. on Husb. x. 67 Sysane in faat soil & grauel is sowe.

1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. P vj^v Euonymus..hath coddes lyke vnto sesam.

1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 134 No beast will eat sesama when it is grene.

1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. viii. 324 This little citie built vpon the riuer of Nilus,..aboundeth greatly with the graine or seed called Sesama.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxii. xxv. 140 Sesama stamped or beaten into pouder, and so taken in wine, restraineth immoderat vomits.

1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece i. 67 Sesami (of which they make Oyl).

1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ Sesama, a white grain or corn growing in India,..sesame.

1744 in 6th Rep. Deputy Keeper App. ii. 121 A vegetable (called Sesamo) extraordinary productive of oyl of a sweet taste.

1787 T. Martyn tr. J. J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. (ed. 2) xiii. 148 (note) Wheat, Barley, Vetches, Sesame, &c. are said, by Berosus, to be wild in Babylonia.

1877 J. C. Geikie Life & Words Christ II. xlvi. 235 Wheat fields alternated with fields of barley, maize, sesame, and rice.

1897 J. C. Willis Man. Flowering Plants II. 351 Sesamum indicum L. is largely cultivated in India &c., for the oil expressed from its seeds (gingili, gingelly, sesame, etc.).

2. The word used as a charm to open and shut the door of the robbers' den in the tale of ‘Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves’; hence, a magic password, something which acts like magic in obtaining admission; = open sesame int. and n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > enchantment or casting spells > [noun] > spell > incantation > word used in or as

abracadabra1565

hocus-pocus1632

prestoa1640

abraxas1713

abrasax1737

sesame1785

open sesame1814

karakia1832

white rabbits1905

1785 Arab. Nts. Entert. 562 Their captain..pronounced these words distinctly: ‘Sesame’ (which is a sort of corn), ‘open.’

1785 Arab. Nts. Entert. 562 Then Ali Baba heard him bid the door shut, by pronouncing these words—‘Shut, Sesame’.

1785 Arab. Nts. Entert. 562 Ali Baba..perceiving the door,..said—‘Open, Sesame’.

1833 E. Bulwer-Lytton Godolphin I. xxii. 268 No Tory, however wise,..could..have obtained the sesame to those apartments.

1862 C. S. Calverley Verses & Transl. 104 Thy name shall be a Sesame at which the doors of the great shall fly open.

1894 K. Grahame Pagan Papers 89 ‘Open, open, green hill!’—you needed no more recondite sesame than that.

1929 R. Bridges Test. Beauty iv.129 How..the child had learn'd to tongue, the secret spell whereat the fabled treasure-house should open its doors—how, when thatt magic Sesame hath proved a foreign jargon.

1957 K. Rexroth Homestead called Damascus (1963) 37 The way is closed. There was a word. Once there was some one sure Sesame.

Compounds

attributive, as sesame grain, sesame oil, sesame-seed; sesame cake n. sesame grass n. = gamagrass n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fodder plants > [noun] > grasses used for hay or pasture

windlestrawc1000

red grass1582

spring grass1643

sweet-grass1709

herd-grass1747

Guinea grass1756

vernal grass1762

vernal1771

Paspalum1772

buffalo grass1784

Rhode Island bent1790

red-top1792

finetop1824

kangaroo-grass1827

gamagrass1831

sweet vernal grass1839

yellow-top1839

grama1844

sesame grass1845

sacate1848

Para grass1850

Hungarian1859

alfilaria1860

sacaton1865

Mitchell grass1867

teosinte1877

Landsborough grass1883

turnip-grass1889

brown top1891

ichu1891

manna1897

Rhodes grass1903

Sudan1911

Kikuyu grass1913

never-fail1923

buffel grass1955

the world > food and drink > food > corn, cereals, or grain > [noun] > other grains

buckwheat1548

brank1577

bullimong1578

sesame1600

block-wheat1611

fundi1670

kurakkan1681

manna seeds1764

manna1780

teff1790

bajra1813

semsem1866

sesame grain1867

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils

oil de baya1398

oil roseta1400

alkitranc1400

laurinec1400

oil of spicac1400

seed oil1400

rape oil1420

nut-oil?c1425

masticine?1440

oil de rose?1440

oil of myrtine?a1450

gingellya1544

rose oil1552

alchitrean1562

oil of spike1577

oil of ben1594

myrtle oil1601

sesamus1601

sampsuchine1616

oil of walnuts1622

rape1641

oil of rhodium1649

rapeseed oil1652

neroli1676

oil of mace1681

spirit of scurvy-grass1682

beech-oil1716

poppy oil1737

castor oil1746

oil of sassafras1753

orange-peel oil1757

wood-oil1759

bergamot1766

sunflower oil1768

Russia oil1773

oil castor1779

tung-yu1788

poppy-seed oil1799

cocoa butter1801

sassafras oil1801

phulwara1805

oil of wine1807

grass oil1827

oil of marjoram1829

cajuput oil1832

essence of mustarda1834

picamar1835

spurge oil1836

oenanthic ether1837

tea oil1837

capnomor1838

cinnamon-oil1838

oil of mustard1838

orange-flower oil1838

resinein1841

mustard oil1844

myrrhol1845

styrol1845

oenanthol1847

shea butter1847

wintergreen1847

gaultheria oil1848

ginger-grass oil.1849

nutmeg oil1849

pine oil1849

peppermint oil1850

cocoa fat1851

orange oil1853

neem oil1856

poonga oil1857

xanthoxylene1857

crab-oil1858

illupi oil1858

Shanghai oil1861

stand oil1862

mustard-seed oil1863

carap oilc1865

cocum butter or oilc1865

Kurung oil1866

muduga oil1866

pichurim oil1866

serpolet1866

sumbul oil1868

sesame oil1870

niger oil1872

summer yellow1872

olibene1873

patchouli oil1875

pilocarpene1876

styrolene1881

tung oil1881

becuiba tallow1884

soy oil1884

tea-seed oil1884

eucalyptus1885

sage oil1888

hop-oil1889

cotton-seed oil1891

lemon oil1896

palmarosa oil1897

illipe butter1904

hydnocarpus oil1905

tung1911

niger seed oil1917

sun oil1937

vanaspati1949

fennel oil-

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > other cakes

honey appleeOE

barley-cake1393

seed cakea1400

cake?a1425

pudding-cake?1553

manchet1562

biscuit cake1593

placent1598

poplin1600

jumbal1615

bread pudding1623

semel1643

wine-cakea1661

Shrewsbury cake1670

curd cake1675

fruitcake1687

clap-bread1691

simnel cake1699

orange-flower cake1718

banana cake1726

sweet-cake1726

torte1748

Naples cake1766

Bath cake1769

gofer1769

yeast-cake1795

nutcake1801

tipsy-cake1806

cruller1808

baba1813

lady's finger1818

coconut cake1824

mint cake1825

sices1825

cup-cake1828

batter-cake1830

buckwheat1830

Dundee seed cake1833

fat-cake1839

babka1846

wonder1848

popover1850

cream-cake1855

sly-cake1855

dripping-cake1857

lard-cake1858

puffet1860

quick cake1865

barnbrack1867

matrimony cake1871

brioche1873

Nelson cake1877

cocoa cake1883

sesame cake1883

marinade1888

mystery1889

oblietjie1890

stuffed monkey1892

Greek bread1893

Battenberg1903

Oswego cake1907

nusstorte1911

dump cake1912

Dobos Torte1915

lekach1918

buckle1935

Florentine1936

hash cake1967

space cake1984

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xv. vii. 434 The Sesame-seed doth yeeld an oile.

1739 Gen. Chirurg. Dict. at Sesamoida Ossa, in J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. Several small Bones..resembling Sesamy-Seed.

1745 tr. L. J. M. Columella Of Husbandry xi. ii In the provinces beyond the sea some sow their sesam-seeds either in this or the following month.

1845 A. Wood Class-bk. Bot. ii. 453 T. dactyloides... Sesame Grass.

1867 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries (1872) ii. 35 The sésamé grain.

1870 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce (1872) ii. 207 Sesame oil..is frequently used for the adulteration of balsams and volatile oils.

1876 Crace-Calvert's Dyeing 111 The fabric is steeped in an emulsion of sesam oil.

1883 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 44 360 Albuminoids in Peach Kernels and Sesame Cake.

1972 House & Garden Feb. 98/2 Swiss fondue..Sesame seed sticks..make a happy accompaniment.

1973 Time Out 2 Mar. 27/4 They also have..sesame seed rolls with really thick fillings for around 13p.

1978 Nagel's Encycl.-guide: China (ed. 3) 380 Rolls covered with sesame seeds are eaten at the same time.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	sesame
释义	sesamen. /ˈsɛsəmiː/formerly/ˈsɛsəm//ˈsiːsəm/ Forms: Middle English sysane, 1500s–1600s sesama, 1600s sesami, sesamo, sesamy, 1600s– sesame, (1800s sesamé), 1500s– sesam. Etymology: In early use, < Latin sēsamum (see sesamum n.), also sīsamum, and sēsama, -ima = Greek σήσαμον, σησάμη, probably of eastern origin, but the relation to the Semitic forms (Syriac shūshmå, Jewish Aramaic shumsh^emā, Arabic simsim) is not clear. Some of the earlier forms represent Italian sesamo, or modern Greek σησάμι (= earlier σησάμιον, diminutive). The modern currency and form of the word are due to translations of the Arabian Nights from French (sésame), and the trisyllabic pronunciation to association with Greek σησάμη. 1. A widely cultivated East Indian plant, Sesamum indicum (N.O. Pedaliaceæ). Also, the seeds of this plant, from which an oil is expressed. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plant, nut, or bean yielding oil > [noun] > sesame plant or seed sesamec1440 gingellya1544 sesamum1577 sergelim1588 sesamine1607 oily corn1671 purging grain1688 oily-grain1753 vanglo1756 benne1769 sesamus1813 til1840 sim-sim1917 the world > food and drink > food > corn, cereals, or grain > [noun] > other grains buckwheat1548 brank1577 bullimong1578 sesame1600 block-wheat1611 fundi1670 kurakkan1681 manna seeds1764 manna1780 teff1790 bajra1813 semsem1866 sesame grain1867 c1440 Pallad. on Husb. x. 67 Sysane in faat soil & grauel is sowe. 1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. P vj^v Euonymus..hath coddes lyke vnto sesam. 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 134 No beast will eat sesama when it is grene. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. viii. 324 This little citie built vpon the riuer of Nilus,..aboundeth greatly with the graine or seed called Sesama. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxii. xxv. 140 Sesama stamped or beaten into pouder, and so taken in wine, restraineth immoderat vomits. 1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece i. 67 Sesami (of which they make Oyl). 1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ Sesama, a white grain or corn growing in India,..sesame. 1744 in 6th Rep. Deputy Keeper App. ii. 121 A vegetable (called Sesamo) extraordinary productive of oyl of a sweet taste. 1787 T. Martyn tr. J. J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. (ed. 2) xiii. 148 (note) Wheat, Barley, Vetches, Sesame, &c. are said, by Berosus, to be wild in Babylonia. 1877 J. C. Geikie Life & Words Christ II. xlvi. 235 Wheat fields alternated with fields of barley, maize, sesame, and rice. 1897 J. C. Willis Man. Flowering Plants II. 351 Sesamum indicum L. is largely cultivated in India &c., for the oil expressed from its seeds (gingili, gingelly, sesame, etc.). 2. The word used as a charm to open and shut the door of the robbers' den in the tale of ‘Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves’; hence, a magic password, something which acts like magic in obtaining admission; = open sesame int. and n. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > enchantment or casting spells > [noun] > spell > incantation > word used in or as abracadabra1565 hocus-pocus1632 prestoa1640 abraxas1713 abrasax1737 sesame1785 open sesame1814 karakia1832 white rabbits1905 1785 Arab. Nts. Entert. 562 Their captain..pronounced these words distinctly: ‘Sesame’ (which is a sort of corn), ‘open.’ 1785 Arab. Nts. Entert. 562 Then Ali Baba heard him bid the door shut, by pronouncing these words—‘Shut, Sesame’. 1785 Arab. Nts. Entert. 562 Ali Baba..perceiving the door,..said—‘Open, Sesame’. 1833 E. Bulwer-Lytton Godolphin I. xxii. 268 No Tory, however wise,..could..have obtained the sesame to those apartments. 1862 C. S. Calverley Verses & Transl. 104 Thy name shall be a Sesame at which the doors of the great shall fly open. 1894 K. Grahame Pagan Papers 89 ‘Open, open, green hill!’—you needed no more recondite sesame than that. 1929 R. Bridges Test. Beauty iv.129 How..the child had learn'd to tongue, the secret spell whereat the fabled treasure-house should open its doors—how, when thatt magic Sesame hath proved a foreign jargon. 1957 K. Rexroth Homestead called Damascus (1963) 37 The way is closed. There was a word. Once there was some one sure Sesame. Compounds attributive, as sesame grain, sesame oil, sesame-seed; sesame cake n. sesame grass n. = gamagrass n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fodder plants > [noun] > grasses used for hay or pasture windlestrawc1000 red grass1582 spring grass1643 sweet-grass1709 herd-grass1747 Guinea grass1756 vernal grass1762 vernal1771 Paspalum1772 buffalo grass1784 Rhode Island bent1790 red-top1792 finetop1824 kangaroo-grass1827 gamagrass1831 sweet vernal grass1839 yellow-top1839 grama1844 sesame grass1845 sacate1848 Para grass1850 Hungarian1859 alfilaria1860 sacaton1865 Mitchell grass1867 teosinte1877 Landsborough grass1883 turnip-grass1889 brown top1891 ichu1891 manna1897 Rhodes grass1903 Sudan1911 Kikuyu grass1913 never-fail1923 buffel grass1955 the world > food and drink > food > corn, cereals, or grain > [noun] > other grains buckwheat1548 brank1577 bullimong1578 sesame1600 block-wheat1611 fundi1670 kurakkan1681 manna seeds1764 manna1780 teff1790 bajra1813 semsem1866 sesame grain1867 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils oil de baya1398 oil roseta1400 alkitranc1400 laurinec1400 oil of spicac1400 seed oil1400 rape oil1420 nut-oil?c1425 masticine?1440 oil de rose?1440 oil of myrtine?a1450 gingellya1544 rose oil1552 alchitrean1562 oil of spike1577 oil of ben1594 myrtle oil1601 sesamus1601 sampsuchine1616 oil of walnuts1622 rape1641 oil of rhodium1649 rapeseed oil1652 neroli1676 oil of mace1681 spirit of scurvy-grass1682 beech-oil1716 poppy oil1737 castor oil1746 oil of sassafras1753 orange-peel oil1757 wood-oil1759 bergamot1766 sunflower oil1768 Russia oil1773 oil castor1779 tung-yu1788 poppy-seed oil1799 cocoa butter1801 sassafras oil1801 phulwara1805 oil of wine1807 grass oil1827 oil of marjoram1829 cajuput oil1832 essence of mustarda1834 picamar1835 spurge oil1836 oenanthic ether1837 tea oil1837 capnomor1838 cinnamon-oil1838 oil of mustard1838 orange-flower oil1838 resinein1841 mustard oil1844 myrrhol1845 styrol1845 oenanthol1847 shea butter1847 wintergreen1847 gaultheria oil1848 ginger-grass oil.1849 nutmeg oil1849 pine oil1849 peppermint oil1850 cocoa fat1851 orange oil1853 neem oil1856 poonga oil1857 xanthoxylene1857 crab-oil1858 illupi oil1858 Shanghai oil1861 stand oil1862 mustard-seed oil1863 carap oilc1865 cocum butter or oilc1865 Kurung oil1866 muduga oil1866 pichurim oil1866 serpolet1866 sumbul oil1868 sesame oil1870 niger oil1872 summer yellow1872 olibene1873 patchouli oil1875 pilocarpene1876 styrolene1881 tung oil1881 becuiba tallow1884 soy oil1884 tea-seed oil1884 eucalyptus1885 sage oil1888 hop-oil1889 cotton-seed oil1891 lemon oil1896 palmarosa oil1897 illipe butter1904 hydnocarpus oil1905 tung1911 niger seed oil1917 sun oil1937 vanaspati1949 fennel oil- the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > other cakes honey appleeOE barley-cake1393 seed cakea1400 cake?a1425 pudding-cake?1553 manchet1562 biscuit cake1593 placent1598 poplin1600 jumbal1615 bread pudding1623 semel1643 wine-cakea1661 Shrewsbury cake1670 curd cake1675 fruitcake1687 clap-bread1691 simnel cake1699 orange-flower cake1718 banana cake1726 sweet-cake1726 torte1748 Naples cake1766 Bath cake1769 gofer1769 yeast-cake1795 nutcake1801 tipsy-cake1806 cruller1808 baba1813 lady's finger1818 coconut cake1824 mint cake1825 sices1825 cup-cake1828 batter-cake1830 buckwheat1830 Dundee seed cake1833 fat-cake1839 babka1846 wonder1848 popover1850 cream-cake1855 sly-cake1855 dripping-cake1857 lard-cake1858 puffet1860 quick cake1865 barnbrack1867 matrimony cake1871 brioche1873 Nelson cake1877 cocoa cake1883 sesame cake1883 marinade1888 mystery1889 oblietjie1890 stuffed monkey1892 Greek bread1893 Battenberg1903 Oswego cake1907 nusstorte1911 dump cake1912 Dobos Torte1915 lekach1918 buckle1935 Florentine1936 hash cake1967 space cake1984 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xv. vii. 434 The Sesame-seed doth yeeld an oile. 1739 Gen. Chirurg. Dict. at Sesamoida Ossa, in J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. Several small Bones..resembling Sesamy-Seed. 1745 tr. L. J. M. Columella Of Husbandry xi. ii In the provinces beyond the sea some sow their sesam-seeds either in this or the following month. 1845 A. Wood Class-bk. Bot. ii. 453 T. dactyloides... Sesame Grass. 1867 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries (1872) ii. 35 The sésamé grain. 1870 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce (1872) ii. 207 Sesame oil..is frequently used for the adulteration of balsams and volatile oils. 1876 Crace-Calvert's Dyeing 111 The fabric is steeped in an emulsion of sesam oil. 1883 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 44 360 Albuminoids in Peach Kernels and Sesame Cake. 1972 House & Garden Feb. 98/2 Swiss fondue..Sesame seed sticks..make a happy accompaniment. 1973 Time Out 2 Mar. 27/4 They also have..sesame seed rolls with really thick fillings for around 13p. 1978 Nagel's Encycl.-guide: China (ed. 3) 380 Rolls covered with sesame seeds are eaten at the same time. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.c1440
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