单词 | set |
释义 | setn.1 I. The action of setting or condition of being set. 1. a. The act of setting (of a luminary); the apparent descent of the heavenly bodies towards the horizon at the close of their diurnal period. Now only poetic except in sunset n. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > movement of heavenly bodies > [noun] > set setc1386 descensiona1398 settinga1400 resconsing1503 declination?1504 fall1549 retreat1601 obit1656 the world > time > day and night > day or daytime > evening > [noun] > sunset sunsetOE settle-gangc1000 evensongc1330 sun going downa1382 setc1386 decline14.. sun restc1405 sun gate down1440 sunsetting1440 sun sitting?a1475 falling1555 sunsetting1575 downsetting1582 sunfall1582 declining1588 sun go down1595 tramontation1599 vail1609 daylight gate1613 sundown1620 set of day1623 dayset1633 day shutting1673 sky setting1683 sun-under1865 c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 718 At day set he on his way is goon. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 257 Riht evene upon the Sonne set. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 2045 And so to sett of þe son sesid þai neuire. 1592 S. Daniel Complaint Rosamond in Wks. (1717) 39 This fair Morning had a shameful Set. 1594 M. Drayton Ideas Mirrour sig. H Till mee, if euer since the world begunne, So faire a Morning had so foule a set? a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. i. 269 But [the King] like a Lacquey, from the Rise to Set, Sweates in the eye of Phebus. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) i. i. 5 That will be ere the set of Sunne. View more context for this quotation 1618 G. Chapman tr. Hesiod Georgicks ii. 366 The Seuen-stars, and the Fiue, That twixt the Bulls hornes, at their set arriue. 1655 Ld. Orrery Parthenissa IV. ii. vii. 704 The Sun was five hours from his Set. 1724 A. Ramsay Vision in Ever Green I. xvii Frae the sun's rysing to his sett. 1812 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Purgatorio xviii. 80 When they of Rome behold him [the sun] at his set Betwixt Sardinia and the Corsic isle. 1834 A. E. Bray Warleigh III. vi. 74 The sun had already made a ‘fiery set’. 1845 C. Sumner True Grandeur Nations (1846) 13 Between the rise and set of a single sun. b. set of day n. (a) the time at which the sun sets; (b) the west. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > sun > solar movement > [noun] > setting sunsetOE going downa1382 downhielda1400 downfalling1422 downgate1440 gate-downc1440 sunsetting1440 going under1490 occasionc1540 going to1581 setting sun1591 set of day1623 earthrise1918 the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > West > [noun] westc1300 Occidentc1390 ponent1538 west1564 sunsetting1571 setting sun1590 set of day1623 the world > time > day and night > day or daytime > evening > [noun] > sunset sunsetOE settle-gangc1000 evensongc1330 sun going downa1382 setc1386 decline14.. sun restc1405 sun gate down1440 sunsetting1440 sun sitting?a1475 falling1555 sunsetting1575 downsetting1582 sunfall1582 declining1588 sun go down1595 tramontation1599 vail1609 daylight gate1613 sundown1620 set of day1623 dayset1633 day shutting1673 sky setting1683 sun-under1865 1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Saxon Treat. Old & New Test. Ded. xv Thou..shalt..Extend thy fame fro Set to Spring of day. 1830 Ld. Tennyson Adeline in Poems 70 Looking at the set of day. 1868 J. T. Nettleship Ess. Browning's Poetry v. 127 At set of day. 1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche i. xxiii. 10 Looked left and right to rise and set of day. c. figurative of the close of life. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > [noun] hensithOE qualmOE bale-sithea1000 endingc1000 fallOE forthsitheOE soulingOE life's endOE deathOE hethensithc1200 last end?c1225 forthfarec1275 dying1297 finec1300 partingc1300 endc1305 deceasec1330 departc1330 starving1340 passingc1350 latter enda1382 obita1382 perishingc1384 carrion1387 departing1388 finishmentc1400 trespassement14.. passing forthc1410 sesse1417 cess1419 fininga1425 resolutiona1425 departisona1450 passagea1450 departmentc1450 consummation?a1475 dormition1483 debt to (also of) naturea1513 dissolutionc1522 expirationa1530 funeral?a1534 change1543 departure1558 last change1574 transmigration1576 dissolving1577 shaking of the sheets?1577 departance1579 deceasure1580 mortality1582 deceasing1591 waftage1592 launching1599 quietus1603 doom1609 expire1612 expiring1612 period1613 defunctiona1616 Lethea1616 fail1623 dismissiona1631 set1635 passa1645 disanimation1646 suffering1651 abition1656 Passovera1662 latter (last) end1670 finis1682 exitus1706 perch1722 demission1735 demise1753 translation1760 transit1764 dropping1768 expiry1790 departal1823 finish1826 homegoing1866 the last (also final, great) round-up1879 snuffing1922 fade-out1924 thirty1929 appointment in Samarra1934 dirt nap1981 big chill1987 1635 A. Stafford Femall Glory 13 Anna..being then in the occident, or set of life. 1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 6 Yet can they never deny but that admired serenity had its set in a cloud. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun] fightc893 coursec1325 stourc1325 acounterc1330 meetingc1330 setc1330 showera1375 brusha1400 semblya1400 hosting1422 poynyec1425 conflictc1440 militancea1460 grate1460 rencounter1471 chaplea1500 flitea1513 concourse?1520 concursion1533 rescounter1543 spurnc1560 rencontrea1572 discourse1573 action1579 combat1582 opposition1598 do1915 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 15658 Wyþ Cadwaly so harde he met, & Cadwalyn fley atte ferste set. a. Letting, lease. Scottish. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1439 in J. D. Marwick Charters Edinb. (1871) 64 Sindry alde charteris, takis, and settis of feefedorme made to thaim. 1471 in T. Thomson Acts Lords Auditors (1839) 14/2 Þat he sall haue na dale nor entrometing þarwith..without þt he optene tak & set þarof. 1476 in T. Thomson Acts Lords Auditors (1839) 41/1 Dauid allegiand at þe said landis of logycarroch belangit him be Resone of Sete. 1583 Exch. Rolls Scot. XXI. 564 Thair was ane set maid of the kingis majesties landis. a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 11 Be whome they might gett a new sett and possessioun of thay teind fisches. a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1655) 452 He should not delapidate his Benefice..nor make any set, or disposition thereof. 1886 Act 49 & 50 Vict. c. 50 §3 ‘Lease’ [in this Act] shall include tack and set.] b. (Usually sett.) A mining lease. Chiefly Cornwall. (Cf. 21.) ΚΠ 1713 London Gaz. No. 5141/4 The Setts heretofore made of the Copper-works..will determine at Michaelmas next. 1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis 326 A Set..sometimes..implies the deed or lease by which they enjoy the premises. 1855 J. R. Leifchild Cornwall: Mines & Miners 241 The sett, or lease, frequently extends to twenty-one years. 4. Scots Law. The action of setting to sale (see quots.). ΚΠ 1693 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. (ed. 2) i. xvi. 135 A Roup at the half or major part of the Owners against the rest, or a Set at any of the Owners instance against the whole, either to take his part at such a rate, or [etc.]. 1838 W. Bell Dict. Law Scotl. at Sett Where the owners of a ship disagree as to the manner in which a vessel is to be employed, or where one of the owners is desirous to sell his share, he usually offers it, at a certain price, to the other owners; and failing an extrajudicial arrangement, an action of sett is competent. a. The condition of being stopped or checked; a check. at a set, at a standstill, in difficulties, nonplussed (cf. 10e); hard or sore set (Scottish), a serious check or setback (cf. phr. s.v. set v.1). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > [noun] > a check or rebuff > complete check or impasse > fact or condition of being stuck or at impasse sticking1564 set1613 dead set1806 nonplussation1833 stickfast1835 deadlocking1882 jib1893 constipation1917 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iii. iv. 211 Our Gull-gallants..who would sometimes be at a sette in their braue and brauing phrases, if they should not haue varietie of oathes and curses. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 87 He is at a set, and knows not what to make of it. c1680 Mem. Mrs. Veitch, etc. (1846) 26 (E.D.D.) They were both against it, which gave my faith a sore set. 1751 R. Paltock Life Peter Wilkins I. xii. 118 It rose so steep..that I was at a Set upon the first Entrance. 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess i. 64 I cud na tald you, nor can I do yet, How sad the sett was, that my heart did get. 1778 A. Ross Helenore (ed. 2) 49 Great may the hardships be, that she has met, And gotten for my sake so hard a set. b. Bowls. (See quot. 1876 and rub n.1 2a.) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > bowls or bowling > [noun] > obstruction of bowl rub1577 rubbing1598 set1876 1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 180/2 A ‘rub’ or ‘set’ is when a jack or bowl, in transitu, comes in contact with any object on the green. ΚΠ 1764 K. Fitzgerald in Philos. Trans. 1763 (Royal Soc.) 53 156 The stop, or sett, generally in large engines, when the ends of the leaver come to the springs, is a defect that has been endeavoured to be remedied. 6. The act of a dog in setting game. (Cf. 10f.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > [noun] > pointing setting1621 set1699 point1771 dead set1819 pointing1877 1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. at Arrest A Dog that makes a fine set. 1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxxvii. 527 Their little Dogs make a Set at them, in the Manner of Setting-Dogs. 1897 Badminton Mag. Apr. 448 All your senses tingle as you go to the set, and encourage the statue~like animal to go on. 1897 Outing 29 479/2 Only twenty years ago the term ‘set’ was in general use. A sportsman, especially an old-timer, when a setter paused on game, would then say ‘There's a set!’ 7. a. = dead set n. at sense 10. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > attack by hostile measures or words bruntc1425 assaultc1449 battery1562 onset1566 brash1573 breach1578 onslaught1613 onfall1646 attack1653 assay?1705 to return to the charge1752 arietation1797 set-to1808 set1829 dead set1835 go-in1858 on-ding1871 hatchet work1938 blitzkrieg1939 blitz1940 carpet bombing1956 bowling1959 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > seeking marriage > [noun] > attempt to gain husband dead set1823 set1829 1829 Examiner 609/1 ‘A set’ is made upon him of the most inveterate and splenetic character. 1850 J. Chubb On Constr. Locks & Keys 17 When ‘a set’ is made at a bank, every information is..sought for, by the burglars. 1857 A. Mathews Tea-table Talk I. 136 On one occasion, at a noble table, a great set was made at him. 1857 A. Mayhew Paved with Gold ii. x A direct set upon Phil was made by the satirical young rogues. 1887 W. E. Norris Major & Minor xxiii No one could say that Miss N. was making a set at him. b. A grudge. Chiefly in to have (or take) a set on (a person), to have a grudge against. Australian and New Zealand colloquial. Cf. set v.1 125b. ΚΠ 1903 ‘T. Collins’ Such is Life i. 15 ‘Has n't Warrigal Alf got a set on you too?’ asked Thompson coldly. 1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 64 Set, a grudge against (someone), e.g., ‘have a set on someone’. 1946 K. Tennant Lost Haven (1947) xiv. 228 If the Old Man hadn't tried to give Mark Thorne such particular hell when he was starting his shop, perhaps Thorne wouldn't have taken a set on all the Sudermans... If he hadn't the set on the Sudermans..he wouldn't have wanted to cut off his nose to spite his face. 1948 D. Ballantyne Cunninghams ii. vi. 187 He had a bit of a set on Frank and Sydney and was always pinching their cheeks and telling them they were young roughnecks. 8. (Usually sett.) A form of power used by shipwrights: see quots. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > [noun] > shipbuilding > tools and equipment ram-line1664 set1794 poker1823 horning-tackle1850 planking clamp1862 stower1863 planking-screw1864 ram1867 bending slab1890 warrok- 1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 10 The sett is made by driving wedges between the head or heel of the shore. 1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 19 Both must be set close together with cross-setts. 1815 W. Burney Falconer's New Universal Dict. Marine (rev. ed.) Setts, in mast-making, denotes powers made use of, where force is required to bring or unite two or more pieces together, and is performed by screws, shores, cross-setts, or cleats. 1874 S. J. P. Thearle Naval Archit. (new ed.) I. 83 A ‘set’ or pressure is obtained by means of other pins driven and wedged into holes on the opposite side of the angle-iron. 9. a. The action of setting or hardening, or the condition of being set. to take a set: to set. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > state of being thick enough to retain form > [noun] > process or fact of becoming stiff or hard stiffness1639 setting1791 set1837 the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > state of being thick enough to retain form > be thick enough to retain form [verb (intransitive)] > become stiff in consistency > set fastena1425 set1736 to take a set1837 1837 J. T. Smith tr. L. J. Vicat Pract. & Sci. Treat. Mortars & Cements 53 The ‘time of set’ may sometimes transgress the prescribed limits. 1839 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 2 69/1 Before the cement was perfectly hardened and had taken a set. 1923 Rep. Progr. Appl. Chem. VIII. 231 The time of set has been found to depend upon the proportion of combined water..in the hydrated calcium aluminate. 1923 Rep. Progr. Appl. Chem. VIII. 23 Removal of water..results in the time of set being reduced. 1957 V. J. Kehoe Technique Film & Television Make-up xii. 149 Warm weather hastens the set of the material, so chilling the bowl is advisable to slow down the set. 1963 D. Seton Essent. Mod. Cookery 156 The use of lemon juice or citric or tartaric acid is essential to ensure a good set [in marmalade]. b. initial set (Building), a condition attained by cement when it begins to stiffen, but before hardening commences. ΚΠ 1891 T. Potter Concrete (ed. 2) I. iii. 104 If a plasterer finds his mortar for stucco is becoming too stiff..the initial set has commenced. 1927 Engineer 5 Aug. 143/2 At the completion of the operation the concrete has taken an initial set. 1953 Van den Branden & Knowles Plastering iv. 98 The initial set of Portland cement mortar occurs about two to three hours after the dry materials have been wetted. 10. dead set n. often in to make a dead set at. ΚΠ 1725 New Canting Dict. Set, as Dead Set, a Term used by Thief-catchers when they have a Certainty of seizing some of their Clients. 1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Set, a dead set, a concerted scheme to defraud a person by gaming. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > a look or glance > [noun] > stare or gaze stare1553 gaze1566 goggle1651 gloze1654 gape1660 glower1715 dead set1781 death stare1818 death glare1819 eyeful1847 gape-seed1852 1781 G. Parker View Society & Manners I. 196 The Doctor..gave me what I term the dead set with his eye. c. A pointed attack; a determined onslaught; const. at, against. Also, an attitude or position of hostility. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > [noun] > attack by hostile measures or words bruntc1425 assaultc1449 battery1562 onset1566 brash1573 breach1578 onslaught1613 onfall1646 attack1653 assay?1705 to return to the charge1752 arietation1797 set-to1808 set1829 dead set1835 go-in1858 on-ding1871 hatchet work1938 blitzkrieg1939 blitz1940 carpet bombing1956 bowling1959 1835 A. W. Fonblanque in Examiner 20 Dec. 801/1 The abhorrence of every thing like a ‘dead set’, or an attempt to run down a man by abuse and clamour. 1836 T. P. Thompson Exercises (1842) IV. 91 A dead set is to be made from various quarters, against the abominable innovation of publishing Divisions by authority. 1841 J. Keble Let. to Newman 19 July It was plain from the moment Young went into the room that a dead set was to be made at him. 1859 J. C. Hotten Dict. Slang 89 ‘A dead set’, a determined stand, in argument or in movement. 1885 Manch. Evening News 16 July 2/1 The disaffected sections of the Irish population made a dead set against him from the first. d. Of a woman: A determined attempt to gain a man's affections. Also occasionally conversely of a man. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > flirtation or coquetry > [noun] > attempt to gain someone's affections dead set1823 play1905 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > seeking marriage > [noun] > attempt to gain husband dead set1823 set1829 1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XIV xlii. 136 Her late performance had been a dead set At Lord Augustus. 1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. I. 4 James had..made a ‘dead set’ at a ‘fortune’. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) iii. 20 There was a girl at Dumdum..who made a dead set at me in the year '4. 1883 F. M. Crawford Dr. Claudius xvii I made a dead set at a new beauty just arrived from the South. 1894 F. M. Elliot Rom. Gossip v. 148 Women all through his life made a dead set at Garibaldi. e. An absolute stop; a complete check; phr. at a dead set. Also University slang = dead n. 5. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > [noun] > a check or rebuff > complete check or impasse > fact or condition of being stuck or at impasse sticking1564 set1613 dead set1806 nonplussation1833 stickfast1835 deadlocking1882 jib1893 constipation1917 1806 T. S. Surr Winter in London III. viii. 211 Hollo—what's this!—the duchess of Drinkwater at a dead sett! 1848 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. at Set To be at a dead set, is to be in a fixed state or condition which precludes further progress. 1851 B. H. Hall Coll. College Words 92 See the front of Logic lower; Screws, dead-sets, and fines. 1854 H. D. Thoreau Walden 72 The man is at a dead set who has got through a knot hole or gateway where his sledge load of furniture cannot follow him. f. Hunting. An abrupt stop made by an animal with its muzzle in the direction of the prey; esp. the position taken up by a dog in pointing game. (Cf. 6.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > [noun] > pointing setting1621 set1699 point1771 dead set1819 pointing1877 1819 T. B. Johnson Shooter's Compan. 23 Happening to pass a small bush, with the whelp close to me..when the bitch was at a distance, he made a dead set. 1863 W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting v. 122 He made a dead set, getting my wind; and immediately made a desperate charge. II. The manner or position in which a thing is set. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > [noun] writingc1350 mannerc1375 pena1387 langue?a1400 indite1501 rate1517 conveyance?1521 composition1532 turn1533 set1535 tune1537 style1577 composure1601 way1612 language1699 rhetoricity1921 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 27 Ane herald..Quhilk schew to him ilk word fra end to end,..In forme and sett as I haif said ȝow heir. 12. Tendency, inclination; determination (of the mind, character, action, etc.) in a certain direction; often = settled direction, fixed habit. Also spec. in Psychology, a predisposition or expectation that influences the response of a person or animal: used variously of conscious or unconscious, or of mental or physical, states. Cf. set v.1 93c. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > [noun] kinda1200 disposingc1380 disposition1393 aptc1400 hieldc1400 remotiona1425 inclination?a1439 incliningc1450 taste1477 intendment1509 benta1535 swing1538 approclivity1546 aptness1548 swinge1548 drift1549 set1567 addiction1570 disposedness1583 swaya1586 leaning1587 intention1594 inflection1597 inclinableness1608 appetite1626 vogue1626 tendency1628 tendence1632 aptitude1633 gravitation1644 propension1644 biasing1645 conducement1646 flexure1652 propendency1660 tend1663 vergencya1665 pend1674 to have a way of1748 polarity1767 appetency1802 drive1885 overleaning1896 the mind > mental capacity > psychology > experimental psychology > stimulus-response > response > [noun] > predisposition set1890 mental set1909 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 14 There is another kind of Lodestone..that is of contrarie set and disposition, which will haue none of Iron. 1603 S. Daniel Def. Ryme in Panegyrike (new ed.) sig. G4 Which frame of wordes..are disposed into diuers fashions, according to the humour of the Composer and the set of the time. a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger False One ii. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Qq4/1 Heere's a strange alteration in the Court; Mens faces are of other setts, and motions. 1692 Bp. G. Burnet Disc. Pastoral Care vii. 80 Tully's Offices will give the Mind a noble sett. a1732 T. Boston Memoirs (1776) viii. 173 The Lord was pleased to give my heart a set toward the preaching of Christ. 1847 H. Miller First Impressions Eng. xvi. 297 The poetical mind of England had taken an inveterate set. 1852 J. S. Blackie On Stud. Lang. 10 In the..process by which the mother tongue is acquired, the mind acquires a habit and a set. 1890 W. James Princ. Psychol. I. iv. 124 It is not in the moment of their forming, but in the moment of their producing motor effects, that resolves and aspirations communicate the new ‘set’ to the brain. 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 843 Strain of the heart,—that is, of a permanent ‘after-strain’ or ‘set’ towards other than the normal lines of its action. 1911 E. L. Thorndike Animal Intell. vi. 249 If a cat pushes a button around with its nose, while..the act to which its general ‘set’ impels it..is that of clawing at an opening, it will be less aided in the formation of the habit than if it had been chiefly concerned in what its nose was doing. 1918 R. S. Woodworth Dynamic Psychol. iii. 56 Danger arouses a ‘set’ of the nervous system towards escape. 1931 Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. Apr. 379 The theory..that ability in proof-reading is largely a matter of attitude or mental ‘set’. 1953 J. B. Carroll Study of Lang. iii. 77 There are actually prelinguistic organismic events (sets, attitudes, etc.) which can be identified with what expression theorists regard as ‘thoughts’ and ‘ideas’. 1968 Science 13 Dec. 1236/1 ‘Set’ refers to the subject's psychological expectations of what a drug will do to him in relation to his general personality structure. 1979 Forgus & Shulman Personality i. 9 We can measure the dominant perceptual sets..and..these sets, in fact, direct perceptual selectivity. 13. The direction in which a current flows or a wind blows; also, the action of the water, etc. in taking a particular direction.Locally applied to particular currents. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > current > [noun] > direction settingc1595 set1719 the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > wind with reference to direction > direction in which wind blows set1793 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 225 How the Sets of the Tide, or Currents lay, when the Flood came in. 1755 J. Shebbeare Lydia (1769) I. 125 By a sudden sett of the sea..Jack tumbled forward. 1793 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 83 189 Although the northern set was trifling..; yet the wind, being both scant and light, we could never overcome the tendency of the current. 1823 W. Scoresby Jrnl. Voy. Northern Whale-fishery 350 The set of the ice. 1827 A. W. Fonblanque Eng. under Seven Admin. (1837) I. 13 As straws show the set of the wind. 1876 F. W. Farrar In Days of Youth ii. 19 A feather will show you the direction of the wind; a straw will prove the set of a current. 1879 Scribner's Monthly 19 327/1 Often in storms a strong swift current runs along the coast between the outer bar and the shore, called by the surf-men the ‘set’ or ‘cut’. 14. a. The build or make of a person. Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > [noun] featurec1325 making1340 staturec1380 statea1387 bonea1400 figurec1400 makec1425 corpulence1477 corsage1481 makdom1488 mouldc1550 corporature1555 frame1566 dimension1600 limit1608 set1611 timber1612 compact1646 taille1663 fabric1695 moulding1815 physique1826 tournure1827 build1832 form1849 body type1866 body build1907 somatotype1940 size1985 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xxiv. 851/2 Of a bigge and broad set. a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Custome of Countrey v. v, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Cc4/2 A goodly Gentleman, Of a more manly set, I never look'd on. 1708 Brit. Apollo 28 May–2 June He is of a Squat Set. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Set..2. Shape, figure, cast, make, Aberd[een]. 1888 Harper's Mag. Jan. 291/2 Something effective and picturesque in the set of his strongly built frame. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > [noun] hue971 shapec1050 form1297 casta1300 entailc1320 fashionc1320 featurec1325 tailc1325 suitc1330 figuringc1385 figure1393 makinga1398 fasurec1400 facea1402 makec1425 proportionc1425 figuration?a1475 protracture1551 physiognomy1567 set1567 portraiturea1578 imagerya1592 model1597 plasmature1610 figurature1642 scheme1655 morphosis1675 turn1675 plasma1712 mould1725 format1936 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 46 Houselike..for his endurance is resembled to Ambrosia..for his roundset [? read round set] or figure to the Bullocks eie. 15. a. Weaving. (Usually sett.) The adjustment of the reeds (of a loom) necessary for the making of a fabric of a particular texture; hence, the make of a fabric as determined by this. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > woven > made by specific method of weaving footwork1568 set1780 stocking1812 reed1823 stocking-web1843 handloom1867 terry1879 Hardanger1904 ikat1931 rip-stop1945 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > weaving > loom > reed or slay > adjustment of set1780 1780 A. Young Tour Ireland (Dublin ed.) I. 324 The grist or fineness of the yarn, determines the set or fineness of the reed through which it is to be wrought. 1833 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal II. 350 When the set of the web is from three fourths of an inch to forty meshes in the inch. 1879 T. R. Ashenhurst Pract. Treat. Weaving & Designing Textile Fabrics 272 The systems of calculating the sett of reeds. 1879 T. R. Ashenhurst Pract. Treat. Weaving & Designing Textile Fabrics 272 If a cloth contains sixty threads per inch, it would be said to be a sixty sett cloth. 1893 Times 10 July 4/6 Medium and heavy setts of powerlooms are having most attention, fine descriptions being almost neglected. b. (Usually sett.) Each or any of the squares in the pattern of a tartan; the pattern itself. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > tartan > pattern of set1721 tartan1855 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > tartan > pattern of > square in pattern of set1721 1721 A. Ramsay Tartana 197 The Plaid itself gives pleasure to the sight, To see how all its sets imbibe the light. 1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd i. i Scarlet and green the sets, the borders blue. 1811 A. Grant Ess. Superstit. Highlanders II. 207 Every clan wore a different set..of tartan. 1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose viii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. III. 327 How many checks in the sett of his plaid and trews. 1897 Standard 21 Sept. 7/1 The Murray ‘sett’. 16. The form which a body assumes as the result of strain or pressure or in the process of solidification, etc.; esp. the permanent deflection of a bar or plate of metal or wood. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > [noun] > resulting from strain or pressure set1807 the world > space > shape > misshapenness > [noun] > action or fact of putting or being out of shape > as result of pressure or strain set1807 permanent set1822 1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xiii. 136 The operation of forces applied in any of these ways may produce a permanent alteration, or change of figure..: this change is sometimes called by workmen settling, or taking a set. 1812 P. Nicholson Mech. Exercises 85 When the timbers are sagged, either by casting or by a set. 1824 T. Tredgold Pract. Ess. Strength of Cast Iron (ed. 2) 81 That iron is to be esteemed the best which will bear the greatest degree of flexure without set. 1847 H. Miller First Impressions Eng. xii. 226 Like a piece of old elastic parchment that had been acquiring for ages the set of the roll. 1869 M. Somerville Molecular & Microsc. Sci. i. ii. 77 The..phenomena of crystals depends upon unequal conductibility..and their set is determined by the difference between the forces of attraction and repulsion. 1883 Science 1 174/1 The ‘set’ of a zinc bar when heated. 1886 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (at cited word) When the crystals of bay-salt begin to form upon the strings and thorns, the pan is said to have a good or a bad set according as the crystals are large or small. 1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Permanent set, that amount of deflection from which a beam or structure is unable to return to its original form, but which remains constant. 1903 R. Kipling Five Nations 24 Turning the shingle, returning the shingle, changing the set of the sand. 17. The way in which an article of dress is arranged or ‘hangs’; also similarly of a ship's sails. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun] > sit or hang of sit1776 set1822 seat1824 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [noun] > hang of sail(s) set1822 1822 Examiner 68/2 Studying the set of her bonnet. 1827 A. W. Fonblanque Eng. under Seven Admin. (1837) I. 107 She who shapes the mistress's caps, and gives the set to her head-dress—the lady's maid! 1828 H. Le Blanc Art of Tying the Cravat (ed. 2) 65 Scrutinizing examination will be made on the set of his Cravat. 1845 M. J. Howell Hand-bk. Dress-making 40 In order to give the skirt a pretty ‘set’. 1881 Daily Tel. 28 Jan. Considering the squareness of her bows and the set of her canvas. 1896 R. Kipling Seven Seas 166 The set o' the tunic's 'orrid. 18. a. The position or attitude (either occasional or habitual) given to a limb or a part of the body. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > [noun] > specific part of body set1855 1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. i. 322 A peculiar set of the limb, for example the turning out of the toes. 1863 B. Taylor Hannah Thurston iv His yellow hair..grew back from the temples with a sturdy set. 1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda I. i. vii. 120 The set of her head and neck. 1896 R. Kipling Seven Seas 165 'E saw the set o' my shoulders. b. The action or result of fixing the hair when damp so that it dries in the required style. Also with reference to fixing the hair by other means (with heat, a setting lotion, etc.), and as hair-set. Cf. set v.1 81b. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > [noun] > a set set1933 shampoo and set1935 the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > styles of hair > [noun] > set set1975 1933 G. A. Foan Art & Craft Hairdressing Spec. Suppl. iv. 23/2 The procedure here outlined in reference to the final touch must be followed exactly as indicated in order to prevent entirely spoiling the set. 1938 H. Goodman Princ. Professional Beauty Culture v. 90 After permanent set the intramolecular breakdown and rebuilding processes have effectively evolved a new..conformation. 1940 W. Peck Bewildering Cares iv. 110 I met her once at the hairdresser's bewailing that she couldn't afford a nice steak for Herbert on their income, and she had obviously spent the price of it on a ‘set’. 1946 K. Tennant Lost Haven (1947) xiii. 204 You can't get a hairset here and I have to do my own. 1975 Country Life 27 Mar. 806/1 Many women disliked wearing a hat because it squashed their ‘set’. 19. a. The inclination or dip of the arm of an axle-tree; the elevation of a gun. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > management of artillery > [noun] > (angle of) elevation random?a1560 mounture1628 elevation1692 set1844 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm III. 1163 Were all wheels made with one uniform degree of dish, we should then have one simple standard for the set of the axle-arms. 1852 R. Burn Naval & Mil. Techn. Dict. French Lang. (ed. 2) ii. 233 Set or dip of an axletree-arm. 1876 G. E. Voyle Mil. Dict. 1898 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport II. 168/2 (Punt shooting) ‘Set’ of the gun, the elevation given to the gun as it lies on the gun-rest. b. The slight lateral deflection in opposite directions of the alternate teeth of a saw; the amount of this deflexion. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > saw > [noun] > deflection of teeth set1837 1837 L. Hebert Engin. & Mech. Encycl. II. 630 Each successive tooth is placed in opposite directions, at the desired set, to allow the blade of the saw to pass through the wood without resistance. 1853 A. Ure Dict. Arts (ed. 4) II. 584 The ‘set’ of the saw consists in inclining the teeth at the particular angle known to be the best to facilitate the exit of the sawdust. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1047/1 Hack-saw, a frame saw of moderate set. c. Typography. (See quots.) ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > [noun] > parts of type > position of setting1887 set1892 1892 Southward's Pract. Printing (ed. 4) 29 (note) The set of the types signifies the proper position of the letters, with reference to the precise amount of space between them. 1908 Legros in Inst. Mech. Engineers: Proc. Dec. 1043 As the letters are not only unequal in set, and since the widths of set generally bear no particular relation to the em (or body). 1908 Legros in Inst. Mech. Engineers: Proc. Dec. 1075 The mould thus made is of definite size for body but variable for the width of set. d. Bell-ringing. The inverted position of a bell when it is set. Cf. set v.1 66. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > bell-ringing > [noun] > positions sally1668 set1677 set-pull1677 handstroke1788 1677 F. Stedman Campanalogia 23 A prospect of true ringing at any certain compass under the Sett, may thus be taken. 1677 F. Stedman Campanalogia 39 The reason why one of them is said to move up, is, because he that rings that bell, in the making of the change must hold it up at the Sett a little longer than ordinary, to delay its striking, whereby 'tis made to follow the other note which before it preceded. 1901 H. E. Bulwer Gloss. Techn. Terms Bells & Ringing (1904) 33 Set, the position of a bell after being ‘raised’, when it rests mouth upward a little beyond the balancing point [etc.]. e. Carpentry. The amount that the blade of a plane projects below the sole. ΚΠ 1898 F. Fletcher & H. P. Fletcher Carpentry & Joinery xxvi. 281 The set of the plane may be adjusted during use by tapping the iron of the nose. 1950 M. T. Telling Carpentry & Joinery ii. 116 All [planes] will do specially true work if properly set and sharpened and many of them have mechanical means of adjusting the cutting iron to a fine set. f. ‘The amount of compression of which a spring is capable, or which it takes under a load; in helical coils, the distance between two adjacent coils; in elliptic springs, the decreased distance between opposed parts’ (Funk's Stand. Dict. 1895). III. Something which is set. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting area > [noun] fieldOE forest1297 seta1425 chasea1440 hunting-fieldc1680 hunting-ground1721 flying county1856 hunt1857 moor1860 the Shires1860 driving moor1873 beat1875 killing ground1877 flying country1883 killing field1915 a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) xxxv Þe maister of þe game shulde be enformed by þe forster or þe parker, what game þe kyng shall fynde withinne his sette. a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) xxxv The maister of þe game shulde be accorded with þe maister forster or parker whedyr þat it be where þe kynge shall hunte suche a daye. And if þe sette be wyde [etc.]. 21. (Usually sett.) The area of ground worked by a particular mining company. Chiefly Cornwall. (Cf. 3b.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > area worked by particular company set1778 1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis 326 A Set is the ground granted to a company of Adventurers. 1835 English's Mining Rev. July 113 The setts comprise a circumference of several miles, and abound in lodes producing argentiferous ores. 1839 H. T. De la Beche Rep. Geol. Cornwall xv. 537 The bounder had the right of granting the sett. 1855 J. R. Leifchild Cornwall: Mines & Miners 136 The lord of the soil grants a sett.., or portion of mining soil, for a lease of years. 1893 Daily News 11 Jan. 2/1 There are many old workings in Wheal Owles, and several setts have of late years been discontinued. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > [noun] > piece or article of > on a garment set1502 1502 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 21 Spangelles settes..sterrys dropes and pointes..for garnisshing of jakettes. 1542 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 67 Upon the samyne bonet tene settis, in every set four dyomonttis,..with xxiiii settis of perle in every set four perle. 1542 in T. Thomson Coll. Inventories Royal Wardrobe (1815) 67–68 Tene plain dyamonttis in settis of gold, xviii settis of perle, & thrie in every set, and nyne set lang, and four in every sett. 23. a. ‘Any thing not sown, but put in a state of some growth into the ground’ (Johnson); a twig, slip, or sucker, used for planting or grafting; also, a young plant, esp. a bedding-out plant.In the following quot. given by N.E.D. (1912) the word set is replaced by act in A. Marvell Poems & Lett. (1975): 1662 A. Marvell Let. 1 Apr. in Wks. (1875) II. 80 We may..graft an Set of our own upon their motion. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > propagation of plants > [noun] > by cuttings > cutting or slip planteOE plantingeOE quickwoodc1383 graffa1393 sarmenta1398 slivingc1400 springc1400 clavec1420 sleavingc1440 talionc1440 quick1456 quicking1469 graft1483 quickset1484 slip1495 setlingc1503 set1513 pitchset1519 slaving?1523 truncheon1572 stallon1587 crosset1600 marquot1600 sliver1604 secta1616 offset1629 slipping1638 side-slip1651 slift1657 cutting1691 pitcher1707 mallet-shoot1745 root cutting1784 stowing1788 stool1789 pitch1808 heel1822 cutling1834 piping1851 cutback1897 stump plant1953 the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > propagation of plants > [noun] > by cuttings > cutting or slip > for grafting imp1377 graffa1398 talionc1440 graft1483 slip1495 set1513 wedge?1523 scutcheon1572 shield1572 truncheon1572 breeder1601 scion1612 escutcheon1658 slit-graft1706 graffshoot1860 shield-bud1891 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid xii. Prol. 133 The plane pulderyt with semely settis sovnd. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xl At euery two fote or thre fote to leaue one sette growynge nat plached. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xl Take a sharpe hatchette..and cutte the settes in a playne place nygh vnto the yerth. 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 26 b To ympe or graffe yong settes. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 66 Doo they growe of the seede, or of the sette? 1615 W. Lawson Country Housewifes Garden (1626) 12 It shall grieue you much to see your yong sets rubd loose at the roots. 1618 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) II. 233 ij hundrethe setts of lycorise for my Mris, iiijs. 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) 147 Chuse the largest Sets that you can get; which are to be had best out of a Garden well kept. 1760 R. Brown Compl. Farmer: Pt. 2 107 One runner will make many setts. 1848 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 9 ii. 563 The hop-set is no sooner put in the ground than its enemies find it out. 1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Set..(2) Young plants of any kind used for bedding out. 1894 Daily News 15 Jan. 6/6 Find a swampy place, and get good setts (that is, two or three year old withy). b. A potato, or a portion of a potato, used as seed. local. ΚΠ 1767 A. Young Farmer's Lett. 12 Dropping potatoe setts. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 655 The tubers are either planted whole, or cut into parts called sets. 1896 P. A. Graham Red Scaur vi. 83 I found her and Mark and Elsie planting potatoes... She carried a basket of ‘sets’,..and Mark was doing the hard work of digging. 1901 Dundee Advertiser 23 Apr. 4 The common potato growing practice is to allow..six inches from sett to sett of the seed. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > shoot, sprout, or branch > [noun] sproteeOE wiseOE spronkOE wrideOE brodc1175 wanda1300 breerc1320 scion?c1335 spraya1387 spriga1398 springa1400 sprouta1400 spiringc1400 shoota1450 youngling1559 forth-growing1562 spirk1565 sprouting1578 surcle1578 chive1583 chit1601 spurt1601 sprit1622 germen1628 spurge1630 spirt1634 brairding1637 springet1640 set1658 shrubble1674 underling1688 sobolesa1722 branchlet1731 springlet1749 sproutling1749 sprang1847 shootlet1889 1658 J. Evelyn tr. N. de Bonnefons French Gardiner 182 When you have cut off the heads of your Cabbages..they will produce small sets, which the Italians call Broccoli. d. An undeveloped or rudimentary fruit; collective, flowers that have been fertilized and should develop into fruit. Also, the development of fruit following fertilization. Cf. set v.1 98. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [noun] > fertilized flower set1888 the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > fruit or reproductive product > [noun] > mature or undeveloped fruit set1888 1888 C. M. Doughty Trav. Arabia Deserta II. xv. 436 Every cluster, which had inclosed in it a spray of the male blossom, was lapped about with a wisp of dry forage; and this defended the sets from early flights of locusts. 1891 Cent. Dict. s.v. The peaches set well, but the sets all dropped off. 1928 Daily Tel. 12 June 5/2 Of culinary apples the set appears good on the whole... Dessert cherries have had a fair set. 1929 E. C. Auchter & H. B. Knapp Orchard & Small Fruit Culture viii. 369 In such orchards, if the blossoms are properly pollinated, much better sets occur. 1964 H. B. Tukey Dwarfed Fruit Trees xxiii. 422 Bee flight is noticeably reduced at 60 degrees F. or below, and pollination, fertilization, and fruit set are accordingly reduced. 1973 H. G. Kingham U.K. Tomato Man. xvi. 126 For all crops overhead damping with a course spray helps to improve set. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > [noun] > stake wedc1330 set1537 setting1540 stake1540 1537 in Privy Purse Exp. Hen. VIII (1827) 143 Paied to the iij Cotons for iij settes the whiche the kinges grace loste to them in Grenewiche parke. 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. G2, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) The place [sic] that I vsed was with them, the sette by agreement not great, concluded vppon more to passe time then wherof to make gaine. 1607 T. Heywood Woman Kilde with Kindnesse sig. D4v Let them that are taken playing false forfet the set. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Mommon,..a set, by a Mummer, at dice. a. A game at dice or cards; hence, the number of points to be made in order to be ‘up’. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > [noun] > game or match partie1565 partyc1580 set1595 pool1693 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > game of dice > [noun] diec1330 cockal1586 set1595 straglersc1650 shackle1881 rats and mice1929 1595 P. Henslowe Diary 2 Jan. (1961) 26 [Title of play] The seat at mawe. 1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Partita,..a set or match at any game. 1633 J. Ford Loves Sacrifice iii. sig. G2v You were best to try a set at Maw. 1668 J. Dryden Sr Martin Mar-all i. 5 I lose all my Sets, when I want but one of up. 1680 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester (ed. 2) 58 Picket... The usual Set is an hundred. 1680 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester (ed. 2) 75 At Cribbidge..the number of the Set is sixty one. 1680 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester (ed. 2) 79 This Game I conceive is called All-Fours from Highest, Lowest, Jack, and Game, which is the Set as some play it. 1687 C. Sedley Bellamira iv. i, in Wks. (1778) II. 161 I lost three sets at back-gammon. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > match or competition > [noun] match1531 bonspiel1560 prize1565 main1589 traverse1599 seta1626 tournament1762 fixture1825 tourney1890 roundup1912 rodeo1927 go-around1933 start1949 a1626 W. Rowley Birth of Merlin (1662) sig. A4 Your Sister and Lord Edwin are in game, and all their wits at stake to win the Set. a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Richard II cclxxxvi, in Poems (1878) III. 208 If the sword must try it, Hee had an Equall sett, and choos'd to play it. 1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther ii. 42 That was but civil war, an equal set, Where Piles with piles, and eagles Eagles met. 26. a. Real Tennis (sometimes spelt sett): A group of six games which counts as a unit to the side that wins more than half of them; see also quot. a1769. Tennis (always spelt set): A group of games counting as a unit towards a match for the person or pair of persons who win the greater number of games in it. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > racket games > real tennis > [noun] > group of six games set1578 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > racket games > lawn tennis > [noun] > group of games set1886 1578 J. Florio Firste Fruites f. 8 I will goe see some play at Tenise, and perhaps play also: will you play two or three settes with me? 1591 J. Florio Second Frutes 25 P. How manie are you my masters? H. We are but two that will plaie. P. Will you plaie in set? 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 185 Ye shall see them play Sets at Tennis in the heat of Summer. a1769 E. Hoyle Games (1778) 203 Six Games make a Set of Tennis, but if what is called an Advantage Set is played, two successive Games above five Games must be won to decide; or, in Case it should be six Games all, two successive Games must still be won on one Side to conclude the Set. 1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel II. xii. 283 Perhaps you would like a set at tennis, or a game at balloon. 1886 Field 31 July 182/2 Mr. Joy only beat Mr. Thorpe after all three sets had been exhausted. 1891 ‘J. S. Winter’ Lumley v. 36 I shouldn't have liked to lose my first sett with you. 1949 Lawn Tennis (‘Know the Game’ Ser.) 15 The first player or pair to win six games wins the set, except that should the score become five games each—‘Five All’—one player or pair must become two games ahead to win the set. 1980 Guardian 14 July 18/5 Miss Jevans..had a bad patch in the second set before winning 6–1, 7–5. b. set point n. the state of a set when one side or player needs only one point to win the set; also, the point itself (cf. match point n. (a) at match n.1 Compounds 2). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > racket games > lawn tennis > [noun] > score or stage of game match ball1849 game ball1853 games all1853 game, set, and match1879 vantage1884 advantage point1889 game point1903 ad1915 match point1921 van1927 set point1928 ad point1939 break point1975 mini-break1981 1928 Observer 1 July 29/3 When that cunning player..would, at set-point, send one as hard as he could hit it straight down the centre line. 1946 Times 26 June 2/3 The Dutch pair, after missing a set point when leading by six games to five, finally secured the first set at 9–7. 1972 D. Delman Sudden Death vi. 152 Set point. I crouch, racket twirling. c. set ball n. Tennis a ball that may decide a set. ΚΠ 1928 Daily Tel. 26 June 11/7 He went on to lead 4–2 in the third set, and then, at 5–4, had three set balls before running out. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > neck-wear > [noun] > ruff > pleat in purl1593 set1594 quill1822 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > neck-wear > [noun] > ruff > arrangement of ruff in pleats set1594 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. G I warrant you should not see one set of her neckercher peruerted or turned awrie. 1601 A. Dent Plaine Mans Path-way to Heauen 53 Some are as proude of their falling bandes, and little sets, as others are of their great ruffes. 1608 G. Markham & L. Machin Dumbe Knight i. sig. B2v You haue a pretty set too, how big is the steele you set with? 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iv. iii. sig. I3 He speakes, out of a Fortification. 'Pray God, He ha' no squibs in those deepe sets . View more context for this quotation 1651 T. Randolph et al. Hey for Honesty iii. iii. 27/2 The sets of my old Ruffe lookt like so many Organ-Pipes. 28. = set scene n. at set adj.1 Compounds 1. Also, more widely, the setting, stage furniture, etc., used on stage in a theatre. In Film-making and Television, the scenery (usually built up rather than painted) and other properties used in the filming of an individual scene; the place or area in which filming takes place. Frequently in on or off (the) set. Also attributive and in other combinations. Cf. film set n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > theatrical equipment or accessories > [noun] > scenery > set set scenery1854 set1859 stage-set1861 set scene1866 1859 E. Fitzball Thirty-five Years Dramatic Author's Life I. vi. 91 The vast scenes were pushed into sets, imperfectly painted. 1861 Cornhill Mag. Aug. 169 In the Frogs, we have..a grand full stage ‘set’ of the Acherusian lake. 1868 M. E. Braddon Dead-Sea Fruit II. xxvi. 296 If such a set were only manageable at the Bonbonnière! But we have not enough depth for this kind of thing. 1880 Theatre Apr. 223 The set was excellent, representing the interior of an Elizabethan house. 1894 Mrs. H. Ward Marcella I. i. i. 5 The complete disappearance of this earliest ‘set’, to use a theatrical phrase, from the scenery of her childhood. 1912 F. A. Talbot Moving Pictures x. facing p. 109 (caption) Building a solid set for ‘The Two Orphans’. 1918 H. Croy How Motion Pictures are Made 107 With the sets determined upon, preparation for the taking of the picture is begun. 1929 Morning Post 24 May 12/7 Whether one observes this operation on the ‘set’ or in the recording-room, one is struck by the essential differences in making talk and silent films. 1929 Morning Post 24 May 12/7 The director produces his sequence again on the ‘set’. 1929 ‘Van Dine’ Studio Murder Myst. i. 7 The skeletons of ‘dead’ sets clothed in flowing veils of gray. 1936 P. G. Wodehouse Laughing Gas iv. 51 She was supposed to be on the set, made up, at six on the following a.m. for some retakes. 1947 A. Huxley Let. 27 July (1969) 573 The ticklish situation on the set made it impossible to come to New York for Claire's wedding. 1953 K. Reisz Technique Film Editing i. 60 Dialogue-writing, set-design and acting all become subjugated to this central purpose. 1956 C. McCullers in Mademoiselle Sept. 174/2 Mabel Goodley, the painter and set-designer. 1961 G. Millerson Technique Television Production i. 15 The set designer, responsible for the scenic treatment. 1973 Listener 22 Nov. 727/3 The same people are very much less agreeable in Meet Pamela than they are ‘off-set’ in Day for Night. 1977 M. Babson Murder, murder, Little Star xviii. 154 Had there been a further scene..in the dressing-room? Twinkle was being too good on set. 29. (Usually sett.) A squared stone (chiefly granite) used for paving. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [noun] > stone as material for paving > a paving stone > sett pitcher1796 pitching-stables1858 set1871 pitch1896 1871 Williamson Science Lect. 2nd Ser. 98 Those square stones which I think are technically called ‘sets’. 1880 Daily News 7 Dec. 6/3 One of the small steamers which trade with setts from the quarries. 1880 Daily News 9 Dec. 1/3 A sett stone quarry. 1905 Academy 9 Sept. 935/1 The streets used to be paved with setts taken from the black marble quarry. 30. Miscellaneous technical senses. a. Plastering. The finishing coat on walls prepared for painting. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > surfacing or cladding > [noun] > bricklaying and plastering > plastering > finishing coat stucco1734 intonaco1806 setting coat1812 finish1823 set1823 setting1823 skin coat1897 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 373 As the plasterer lays on the set, he draws the brush backwards and forwards over it, till the surface is smooth. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 613 By set is denoted a superficial coat of fine stuff or putty upon the rendering. b. In pile-driving, etc., a body placed between the hammer and the object to be struck. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > driving or beating tools > [noun] > hammer > object placed between hammer and thing struck set1837 1837 in Civil Engineer & Archit. Jrnl. 1 (1838) 242/2 A set is then applied to the end of the wedge, and the workman strikes it with a hammer. 1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 1031 Sett, in piling, a piece placed temporarily on the head of a pile. c. Fishing. (a) = ‘set net’ (see set adj.1); chiefly eel-set. (b) See quot. 1867. (Cf. Middle Dutch set, sete.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > net > [noun] > fixed net stall net1246 trink1311 set net1481 trinkerc1485 pitch1523 half-net1538 trink-net1584 stop-net1634 toot-net1805 yair-net1805 stob-net1806 seta1808 stake-net1836 barrier-net1884 boom net1925 the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > hook > [noun] > arrangement of hooks set1867 a1808 State, Leslie v. Fraser 56 (Jam.) The practice of hauling their fishing-nets and feith-sets to the shore. 1867 F. Francis Bk. Angling iv. 86 The angler..hooks the fish on to his line by a certain arrangement of hooks called a flight or set. 1882 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Jan. 102 The silver~bellied eel..is only caught in the eel-sets. 1892 Longman's Mag. Nov. 88 Along the Norfolk rivers a very important eel fishery is carried on by means of fixed nets known as ‘eel-sets’. d. Mining. (See quots.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > mining > [noun] > measure of coal, etc. ten1590 score1754 overworkings1849 set1858 society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > working face or place > in coal mine stall1665 bank1693 coalface1771 set1858 1858 R. Hunt Catal. Mus. Pract. Geol. 223 The pillars are taken away, commencing at the extreme end of the sett. 1862 Chambers's Jrnl. Apr. 216 The strait sets are excavations four or five feet wide..made..in the side of a seam of coal at a distance of about six yards from each other. 1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining Sett, a measure of length along the face of a stall, usually from say 6 to 10 feet, by which holers and drivers are paid. A certain number of setts comprise a day's work. Categories » e. Saddlery. ‘The filling of deer's hair or other stuffing beneath the ground seat of a saddle, to bring the top seat to its shape’ (E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. 1875). f. (a) A young oyster when first attached; (b) the crop of young oysters in a locality. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Ostreidae > member of (oyster) > young or small oysterling1852 set1881 the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Ostreidae > member of (oyster) > young or small > crop of set1881 1881 E. Ingersoll Oyster-industry (10th Census U.S.: Bureau of Fisheries) 248 ‘The Set is good in Somerset this year’; i.e., there is an abundance of infant oysters. 1887 G. B. Goode Fisheries U.S.: Hist. & Methods II. 515 At only a few places does a breed of oysters, or a ‘set’, as it is termed, occur with any regularity. 1887 G. B. Goode Fisheries U.S.: Hist. & Methods II. 540 (note) There is no word in the Northern States for infant oysters, except the terms ‘set’, ‘spat’, ‘spawn’, &c. g. North American. Trapping. A trap or snare; a series of traps. ΚΠ 1912 V. E. Roe Maid of Whispering Hills 74 What is all this beside that which waits the runner of the trail at every ‘set’ in those many miles? 1942 Sun (Baltimore) 2 Feb. 4/3 Each morning the trapper makes the rounds of his ‘set’. He strips the skin from the animals..and takes the pelts to market. 1977 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 30 Mar. 33/3 We were still within 20 yards of the trap's position, when a 55-pound beaver, swimming unseen under the ice, hit the set. IV. A place where something is set. 31. A place where stationary fishing nets are fixed. ΚΠ 1745 F. Blomefield Ess. Topogr. Hist. Norfolk II. 866 There were 19 appropriated Fishing-Places, which they called Setts, which were yearly allotted by the Mayor, to certain Fresh-Water Fishermen. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Sett, the particular spot in a river or frith, where stationary nets are fixed. 32. The earth or burrow of a badger. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Mustelidae (weasel, marten, otter, or badger) > [noun] > genus Meles (badger) > burrow set1898 1898 A. E. Pease Badger 40 I knew of nine badger ‘sets’ in the vicinity. 1898 A. E. Pease Badger 44 A badger's earth or warren is properly and generally called a ‘set’ or ‘cete’. 1908 Nation 6 June 340/2 For a year or two past the brocks had held their sett in the brake. V. Something that causes to set. 33. (Often sett.) A tool or device used for ‘setting’ (in various technical senses); esp. a heavy punch or chisel for use on metal or stone. Cf. sate n.: see quots. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > saw > [noun] > tool for setting teeth wrest1688 set1750 toother?1881 society > occupation and work > equipment > driving or beating tools > [noun] > other driving or beating tools driver1659 set1812 stone-breaker1827 pout1849 impactor1916 society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > chisel > [noun] > for cutting metal cold chisel1697 set1843 hot chisel1848 sate1883 hot set1888 toe-hardy1909 1750 T. R. Blanckley Naval Expositor Setts for Saws, are for setting the Teeth when out of Order, so as they may cut with the greater Exactness. 1812 P. Nicholson Mech. Exercises 353 [Smithing:] Side Set, a hammer used to set shoulders of rivets to a true square or bevel, as required. 1843 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. I. 387 The work..is bent over with the blows of a flat-ended punch or set. 1846 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. II. 697 The saw-set..consists of a narrow blade of steel, with notches of various widths for different saws... In some few cases saw-set pliers are used. 1881 Design & Work 24 Dec. 451/2 The operation of ‘driving’ rivets consists in placing a set on the end of the rivet, and sledging it down to form the head. 1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Set, or Sett, (1) a narrow square nosed or round nosed chisel-like tool used by fitters and boiler makers for chipping grooves in metal. (2) Broad chisel-like tools used for cutting off hot or cold bars on the anvil. 1888 Lockwood's Dict. Mech. Engin. Hook Wrench, or Set, or Hand Hook, a smith's tool used for taking work out of winding or out of twist. 1892 Labour Comm. Gloss. Sett, a piece of bar-iron bent to the same curvature or shape that an iron pipe is required to take. 1905 P. N. Hasluck Handyman's Bk. 134/1 For punching the nail head below the surface of the work, the steel set is used. 1920 A. H. Fay Gloss. Mining & Mineral Industry 605/1 Sett, a quarryman's term for a square-faced steel tool which is held in position and struck with a sledge to cause a fracture in a rock mass. 1942 W. H. Atherton Workshop Pract. (ed. 2) V. 176 The Hot Sate or Sett..is in constant use for cutting away extraneous metal while hot. 1962 J. G. Robertson Metalwork viii. 95 The Hot Set (Sett or Sate)..is used for cutting off on the cutting face of the anvil. A smith holds the work and hot set whilst a striker wields the sledge hammer. The hot set is designed to cut hot metal. 1964 H. Hodges Artifacts iv. 77 The heads were either cast, or formed as the rivets were closed using sets (setts) or snaps. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022). setn.2 I. A number or group of persons. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > religion > a religion or church > [noun] churcheOE kirkc1175 spousea1200 lawa1225 lorea1225 religionc1325 faithc1384 sectc1386 seta1387 leara1400 hirselc1480 professiona1513 congregation1526 communion1553 schism1555 segregation1563 sex1583 hortus conclususa1631 confessiona1641 dispensation1643 sectary1651 churchship1675 cult1679 persuasion1732 denomination1746–7 connection1753 covenant1818 sectarism1821 organized religion1843 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 41 After þe deþ of Machometus þat cursede secte encresede so faste þat it drouȝ myȝti men of Pers to þe corsed lawe of þe Arabes. Al þat sette haþ infecte..al Affrica. c1500 Melusine (1895) xxxvi. 272 Many other of our sette and lawe. c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1905) III. Acts xxiv. 14 Eftir the sett [Wycl. secte] quhilk thai say herresie, sa I serue to God the fadir. c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1905) III. 2 Pet. ii. 1 Maistris learis, that sal bring in settis [Wycl. sectes] of perditioun. 1538 in W. A. J. Archbold Somerset Relig. Houses (1892) 80 What ys my lord Audley, a man off ye new sett or arfter ye olde sorte? 2. a. A number, company, or group (of persons) associated by community of status, habits, occupations, or interests. Often with depreciatory implication (cf. lot n. 16). In the 17th–18th centuries frequently spelt sett. [Probably transferred from uses in branch II.] ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > persons of same profession, occupation, or pursuits ordera1382 set1682 league1935 1682 N. Tate & J. Dryden 2nd Pt. Absalom & Achitophel 17 The Rest..Who n'er had Wit nor Will for Mischief yet, But pleas'd to be reputed of a Set. 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §122. 151 A Sett of Children thus ordered, and kept from the ill example of others, would..learn to read, write, and what else one would have them, as others do their ordinary Plays. 1701 W. Paterson Proposals Council of Trade 72 The Fisheries were become a tempting Morsel for a Sett of avaricious Hucksters, and Monopolists. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 105 A Set of Artisans, that by the help of several Poles..build themselves up into a kind of Pyramid. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 440. ⁋1 A Sett of merry Fellows. 1733 J. Barber Let. 6 Feb. in J. Swift et al. Lett. (1768) V. 302 I have been, for many years, plagued with a sett of ungrateful monsters, called Cousins, that I tremble at the name. 1774 J. Bryant New Syst. (new ed.) I. 258 This kind of divination is still carried on by a set of priests. 1783 S. Johnson Lives Eng. Poets (rev. ed.) III. 148 A very numerous and splendid set of acquaintance. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering III. viii. 153 A set of smugglers, gypsies, and other desperadoes. 1837 H. Martineau Society in Amer. II. 164 I think the abolitionists of the United States the most reasonable set of people that I ever knew to be united together for one object. 1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. xxiii. 601 In the hope that a new set of customers might be developed. 1894 E. T. Ayers Bowls 26 The six [players] divide or ‘cut’ into two sets of three. b. absol. (cf. sense 3). ΚΠ 1683 W. Kennett tr. Erasmus Witt against Wisdom 34 There will come a new hungry Sett. 1691 J. Dryden King Arthur Prol. sig. A5v Among the rest, there are a sharping Sett. a1704 T. Brown Declam. Praise Poverty (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1730) I. 92 If this sett were thrown aside and men of poverty and honesty put in their stead. 1759 S. Johnson Idler 13 Oct. 321 There was a select set, supposed to be distinguished by superiority of intellects. 1826 B. Disraeli Vivian Grey I. ii. xiv. 196 ‘Who are we among,..?’ asked Vivian. ‘Oh! an odd set,’ said the lady, looking dignified. 1845 R. Ford Hand-bk. Travellers in Spain I. i. 17 A highly trust-worthy, laborious, and hardworking set. 1869 H. F. Tozer Res. Highlands of Turkey I. 292 The shepherds were an uncouth-looking set. 1885 Liverpool Daily Post 23 Oct. 4/7 He did not speak or preach in the dialect of any party or set. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > a party > [noun] partc1385 livery1477 faction1509 partialitya1533 side1566 party1682 set1748 democracy1803 machine party1858 column1906 MNLF1975 1748 J. Thomson Castle of Indolence i. liv. 28 In comes another Set, and kicketh them down Stairs. 1750 in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 78 That the Bedford set will be honourably kicked up or down stairs. 1790 E. Burke Corr. (1844) III. 140 I intend no controversy with Dr. Price, or Lord Shelburne, or any other of their set. d. A subdivision of pupils or students (esp. in a single year) for instruction on a particular subject: usually one of a number of such groupings and often constituted according to ability. ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > learner > one attending school > [noun] > division of pupils > stream or set set1882 stream1938 track1959 1882 in R. S. Churchill Winston S. Churchill (1967) Compan. Vol. I. i. iii. 90 Place in 3rd Set of 14 boys for ½ Term—14th. 1889 Boy's Own Paper 7 Sept. 781 Those dry definitions [of Euclid] seem twaddle to me (I admit I am low in my set). 1914 ‘I. Hay’ Lighter Side School Life i. 15 He must know whether Mr. A. in the Senior Science Set is expounding theories of inorganic chemistry which have been obsolete for ten years. 1961 M. Beadle These Ruins are Inhabited (1963) vi. 86 Sets are ability groups. In each subject the boys had been divided into fast, average and slower-moving sections; each of these sets met as a class. 1971 P. D. James Shroud for Nightingale ii. 41 We haven't used the demonstration room since Nurse Pearce's death but otherwise the set is continuing to work according to plan. e. A gang of pickers assigned to a hop-bin. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > picking or gathering > [noun] > hop-picking > hop-picker > gang set1805 1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. II. 752 Three, four, or more pickers being employed in clearing the binds of the hops..: these, with the person engaged in sorting the poles, are denominated a set. 3. a. A group of persons in society having its own peculiar interests, fashions, and conventions; a social group of a select or exclusive character. Frequently with qualifying adj. or n. indicating the location, affiliation, or characteristic activities of the group, as the Bloomsbury (Chelsea, Cliveden, etc.) set. smart set: see smart adj. 14. Cf. jet set n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > [noun] > social group > exclusive sect1608 circle1646 coterie1738 circuit1752 set1780 in-group1906 1780 R. B. Sheridan School for Scandal i. ii. 12 The set she meets at her house, encourage her to disobedience. 1798 S. Lee Young Lady's Tale in H. Lee Canterbury Tales II. 91 Sir Edward, not deigning to mingle with the set, leaned on his daughter's chair. a1817 J. Austen Persuasion (1818) IV. iv. 69 They will move in the first set in Bath. View more context for this quotation 1837 H. Martineau Society in Amer. III. 33 What a delightful ‘set’ she belonged to at her school: how comfortable they all were once, without any sets, till several grocers' daughters began to come in. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess Prol. 1 I was there From college, visiting the son,..with others of our set. 1854 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes (1855) II. viii. 80 Your intimacy was with Emma. It has cooled. Your sets are different. The Tomkins's are not quite &c. &c. 1890 W. Besant Demoniac i These men constituted the best set in the College... All were reading men, and all good men. 1906 B. Vaughan Sins of Society (1908) 16 What a treacherous world was the Smart Set in which the Prodigal rioted. 1914 J. M. Keynes Let. 2 July in R. F. Harrod Life J. M. Keynes (1951) iv. 171 She..is asking no one but a few of my so-called ‘Bloomsbury set’! 1922 M. Cowley in Dial 73 231 She [sc. K. Mansfield] has three backgrounds only: continental hotels, New Zealand upper-class society, and a certain artistic set in London. 1938 H. Nicolson Diary 19 Sept. (1966) 361 We talk of..how terrible has been the influence of the Cliveden set. 1944 N. Coward Middle East Diary 49 This place is the last refuge of the soi-disant ‘International Set’. 1960 J. Betjeman Summoned by Bells ix. 107 I climbed,..Until I reached what seemed to me the peak—The leisured set in Canterbury Quad. 1977 News of World 17 Apr. 5/5 The Prince of the Beatniks abdicated... He said goodbye to the Chelsea Set. b. A meeting of a street gang or group of ‘street people’, esp. a party; the place where such a group meets. Also, the group itself. U.S. colloquial.Frequently in Black English. ΚΠ 1959 Esquire Nov. 70 Set, a party. 1967 Trans-action Apr. 5/2 The more or less organized center of street life is the ‘set’—meaning both the peer group and the places where it hangs out. 1969 R. L. Keiser Vice Lords iv. 40 A set had been planned... Throughout the prior week, the set was a constant topic of conversation. The clothes that were going to be worn and the girls that were going to be present were repeatedly discussed. 1970 E. Bullins Theme is Blackness (1973) 178 What's happenin'? What'cha doin' tonight, baby? Why don't we make the set? 1972 J. Mills Rep. to Commissioner 100 When junkies and pushers on a particular set learn or suspect an agent's identity, he has ‘taken a burn’. 1975 Amer. Speech 1972 47 152 Blue eyes, you are not in my set. 4. The number of couples required to perform a country dance or square dance. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > square, figure, or set dance > [noun] > number of couples needed set1766 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. ix. 82 We were in want of ladies also to make up a set at country dances. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas IV. x. ix. 122 The household of the governor and his lady formed a set. 1816 J. Austen Emma III. ii. 23 Emma was..delighted to see the respectable length of the set as it was forming. View more context for this quotation 1816 J. Austen Emma III. ii. 29 Mr. Knightley leading Harriet to the set ! View more context for this quotation 1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) ii. 15 Quadrilles were being systematically got through by two or three sets of dancers. 1890 A. C. Gunter Miss Nobody (1891) xviii. 209 She is at the side of the set, he at the head. II. A number or collection of things. 5. a. A collection of instruments, tools, or machines customarily used together in a particular operation; a complete apparatus employed for some specific purpose.For various specific applications, see quots. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > group > set of things to be used or made together gang?1340 pair1351 suit1424 nest1467 cast1535 set1561 stander1578 shift1592 casea1616 set-out1806 society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > [noun] > set of set1669 companion1843 kit1845 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > [noun] > collectively machinery1731 enginery1774 plant1789 set1842 installation1882 1561 [see sense 6a]. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Ieu Vn ieu de violles, a set, or chest of violls. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. ii. ii. 53 You must have two or three Sorts and Sets of Steel Letters and Figures. 1677 G. Miege New Dict. French & Eng. i. sig. *Vvvv/3 Un Jeu de Quilles [Boyer: neuf quilles pour jouer], a set of pins. 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 98 A whole Set of Punches of the same Body of Roman and Italica. 1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions 70 They will..provide two setts of Rudder-Irons to each Ship. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 108. ¶4 A Set of Shuttlecocks. 1773 Life N. Frowde 39 A complete Sett of Mathematical Instruments. 1825 Gentleman's Mag. 95 i. 215 Five or six of these barbacues form a set close to the pulping-mill. 1842 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 5 387/1 The ‘hanging sets’ or columns of pumps, with their ‘ground spears’ used in sinking the shafts. 1848 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 9 ii. 567 The bin-man, with his pickers, is placed to a certain number of hills, which is called a set. 1864 A. Jeffrey Hist. Roxburghshire IV. 117 A sett of machines, at this time [c1818], consisted of a double scribbler,..a double carder,..a 36-spindled billy,..and four 48-spindled jennies. 1879 Man. Siege & Garrison Artillery Exercises 117 A set of scales, consisting of a front and rear scale. 1881 R. Forgan Golfer's Handbk. 35 Set, a pack of clubs. 1884 Instr. Mil. Engin. (ed. 3) I. ii. 23 In laying out tools in rows the sets should be one pace apart. 1897 R. F. Foster Compl. Hoyle 563 Matadore Game... Four dominoes in the set are trumps or Matadores. b. = pumpset n. at pump n.1 Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > pump > [noun] > set or installation of pumpset1883 pumping set?1889 set?1889 ?1889 W. Tate Princ. Mining xxi. 157 The lifting set delivers into a cistern from which the forcing set pumps the water to bank. 1950 Water Power II. 219 The installation comprises two vertical sets consisting of motor and pump only. 1977 Pump Costs (5th Techn. Conf. of Brit. Pump Manuf. Assoc.) 231 The circuits were modified to give a signal ‘pump unprimed’ but not to shut down the set. c. A piece of electrical or electronic apparatus, as a telephone, a telegraph receiver or transmitter, a radio or television receiver, etc. Also, a radar transmitter and receiver. Cf. handset n.2 ΘΚΠ society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telegraphy > telegraph > [noun] telly1796 telegraph1797 telelectrograph1857 thought-conductor1889 magneto-telegraph1890 set?1891 society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telephony > telephone equipment > [noun] > telephone telephone instrument1844 telephone1864 phone1884 telephone set1884 set?1891 tubec1899 handset1901 blower1922 the horn1945 satellite telephone1961 dog1979 satellite phone1982 society > communication > telecommunication > radio communications > radio equipment > [noun] > radio set > receiver responder1900 set1915 receiver1930 society > communication > telecommunication > radio communications > radio equipment > [noun] > radar apparatus radar1941 set1948 rig1966 society > communication > broadcasting > television > transmitting or receiving apparatus > [noun] > television set television set1924 television1929 home video1949 TV1949 box1950 transistor set1953 telly1954 idiot box1955 monitor1957 boob tube1959 goggle-box1959 transportable1959 the tube1959 portable1960 set1961 widescreen1982 ?1891 Man. Instr. Army Telegr.: Field Telegraphs Plate II (caption) Two single current sets. 1898 Electrician 4 Mar. 625/2 A diminutive telephone set..is now being put on the market. 1903 Sci. Siftings 25 49/1 The instruments of the portable military out~fits are similar to those of the permanent station sets. 1913 Wireless World Apr. p. xxxiv/2 The hon. secretary showed some model Marconi apparatus and a portable set. 1915 A. Fage Aeroplane iv. 42 A wireless set driven by a motor-cycle engine is mounted in front of the passenger's seat. 1923 Radio Broadcast Jan. 181/2 Drug stores, music stores, cigar stores, even men's furnishing stores have radio sets for sale. 1924 E. T. Larner (title) Crystal Sets. 1926 R. W. Hutchinson First Course Wireless ix. 156 A long trailing connection between lead-in and set, or a long connection attached to the walls is not efficient. 1929 Daily Express 7 Nov. 14/3 It means that set-owners are thrown on their own resources if they desire to reach out beyond the limits of these islands. 1931 B. Brown Talking Pictures vi. 146 Wherever one looked there seemed space and wide, flat walls. One of the larger-sized sets should have been required to fill such an amount of enclosing surfaces. 1932 B.B.C. Year-bk. 116 The purely utilitarian purpose of assuring the listener in an inoffensive way that all is well with his set. 1936 W. H. S. Smith Let. 13 Dec. in Young Man's Country (1977) ii 46 I dropped in on Stansbury..to hear his wireless which is a very good set. 1948 J. L. Hornung Radar Primer v. 123 The electrical features of radar sets for use in airplanes are similar to those of sets used on ships. 1955 Radio Times 22 Apr. 30/1 (advt.) Here is a..table radiogram... Fine sets these Ferguson's. 1961 L. Mumford City in Hist. xvi. 496 Reality has been progressively reduced to what filters through the screen of the television set. 1972 Works Engineer June 12 (heading) Standby electric generator sets. 1974 P. N. Wilson Water Turbines 17 (caption) Model of 83,000 HP Francis turbine hydro-electric set at Eildon Power Station, Australia. 1976 M. Gilbert Night of Twelfth ix. 88 He used to have that old set going all day. You'll be just in time for the six o'clock news. d. In sound films, the apparatus which produces the sound. ΚΠ 1931 B. Brown Talking Pictures viii. 188 The twelve minutes or so occupied by the process might be filled in by the orchestra or non-synchronous set. 6. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > [noun] > collectively musica1382 minstrelsyc1390 set1561 orchestra1770 musical1809 family1842 instrumentarium1893 1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer ii. sig. M.ivv The musike of a sette of Violes. 1660 Englands Joy in Fourth Coll. Scarce & Valuable Tracts (1751) II. 142 In many Places Sets of loud Musick. 1670 R. Baxter Cure Church-div. 75 As a musical instrument in tune or a set of musick, delight the hearer by the pleasing harmony. 1679 A. Lovell tr. F. Pomey Indiculus Universalis 165 A set of Violins. b. A suite of bells to be rung together. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > bell > [noun] > set of bells ring1549 chime1550 peal1630 set1771 carillon1774 musical chime1798 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker II. 223 A variety of tunes, played upon a set of bells. 1906 J. J. Raven Bells 11 A treble in a village set of four or five. c. A ‘pair’ of organs, of bagpipes: see pair n.1 6. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] organc1380 a pair (also set) of organs1422 box of whistles1678 kist o' whistles1772 set1795 whistle-kist1843 pipe organ1862 melodica1890 society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > wind instrument > pipe > [noun] > bagpipe bagc1275 stivec1290 cornemusec1384 musettea1393 bagpipec1405 pair1422 pipec1450 muse1484 drone1502 lilt-pipea1525 great pipe1592 miskin1593 Highland pipe1599 small-pipes1656 piffero1724 Highland bagpipe1728 zampogna1740 union pipes1788 Lowland pipes1794 pibroch1807 piob mhor1838 gaita1846 sack pipe1889 set1893 biniou1902 uillean pipes1906 1795 Diary in Antiquary (1896) Oct. 303 Doncaster... Fine set of organs. 1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona Concl. 368 We were guided up to the garret where he lay by the sound of Highland piping. It seemed he had just borrowed a set of them from Bohaldie to amuse his sickness. ΚΠ 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II iii. iii. 146 Ile giue my iewels for a set of Beades. View more context for this quotation 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 55 Vpon the Coffin lie a set of great Beades. 8. a. A collection of volumes by one author, dealing with one subject, belonging to one department of literature, or issued in a series. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > series or set > [noun] setc1600 series1711 c1600 in M. E. C. Walcott William of Wykeham (1852) 166 Item, a sett of Ovids 0£. 5s. 4d. a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) ii. i. 106 And this small packet of Greeke and Latine bookes...Take you the Lute, and you the set of bookes. 1712 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1889) III. 461 I want Setts also for several others. 1726 in J. Ker Mem. (advt.) Price 10 Guineas the small, 15 Guineas the large Paper in Sheets for the whole Set. 1778 F. Burney Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1994) III. 54 My Father told me it was a shame that I, the Author, should not have even one set of my own Work. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. xx. 322 Commentaries,..sets of the fathers, and sermons. 1873 T. B. Aldrich Marjorie Daw i. 10 A complete set of Balzac's works, twenty-seven volumes. 1911 Publisher's List Dickens' Works, 18 vols. Sold in Sets only, excepting the single vols. listed above. b. A number of musical compositions forming a whole, as a church ‘service’. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > [noun] > set of pieces set1590 suite1806 partita1864 triptych1925 1590 T. Watson (title) The first sett, of Italian Madrigalls Englished. 1603 Inventory 29 Mar. in J. Gage Hist. & Antiq. Hengrave, Suffolk (1822) 24 vj bookes covered with pchement. contg vj setts in a book, with songs of iiij, v, vj, vij and viij partes. 1788 in G. Grove Dict. Music (1883) III. 476/2 A set of Quartetts. 1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein III. vii. 189 His Highness..composed an entire set of grotesque music for the Festival of Asses. 1883 J. Stainer in G. Grove Dict. Music III. 472 The Gloria has once more been included in the set... The Offertory sentences may perhaps be looked upon as a legitimate addition to the set. c. A complete series of the parts of a periodical publication. ΘΚΠ society > communication > journalism > journal > periodical > [noun] > series set1701 run1868 1701 J. Hudson Let. 29 Apr. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Lit. Men (1843) 302 I wish you would try Smith & Walford for..the Philosophical Transactions, our sett reaching not far, and being imperfect in the first Volumes. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 31. ⁋8 They had never heard of the Tatler 'till I brought down a Set. 1830 T. Carlyle in Foreign Rev. 5 12 He perused the antiquated sets of Newspapers. 1834 T. B. Macaulay Let. 4 Jan. in G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay (1876) I. 354 All the Edinburgh Reviews are being bound, so that we shall have a complete set up to the forthcoming number. d. A series of prints by the same engraver. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > engraving > [noun] > an engraving > series by same engraver set1768 1768 Boyer's Royal Dict. (rev. ed.) (at cited word) A whole set of Prints ingraved by John Audran. 1841 R. Browning Pippa Passes in Bells & Pomegranates No. I 5/1 You brought those foreign prints... Nothing but saying His own set wants the proof-mark, roused him up. 1854 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes I. xi. 118 He could talk the art-cant..and had a set of Morghens and Madonnas. e. A definite number of copies of a bill of exchange or of lading: see quot. 1818. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > account or statement of > [noun] > receipt > types of > number of copies of bill of lading set1818 1818 J. Chitty Bills of Exchange (ed. 5) 81 The several parts of a foreign bill are called a set; each part contains a condition, that it shall be paid, provided the others remain unpaid. 1865 H. Phillips Amer. Paper Currency II. 91 Bills of exchange were directed to be prepared in setts of four. 1883 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 11 333 The bill of lading had been drawn in a set of three copies. f. A number of pieces of Jazz or popular music performed in sequence by a musician or group. Cf. sense 8b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > [noun] > set of pieces > in jazz or pop set1946 1946 B. Treadwell Big Bk. of Swing 125/2 Set, group of musical selections. 1955 S. Whitmore Solo ii. v. 159 Between sets at Fack's Jaeger found himself alone. 1967 New Yorker 21 Jan. 52 I played two sets and Marsala asked me to join the band. 1977 Sounds 1 Jan. We all write lyrics but they're too disgusting to be included in the set. 9. a. A number of things connected in temporal or spatial succession or by natural production or formation. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > group fleeta1400 congregation1526 batch1597 parcel1598 seta1616 group1705 lodge1737 groupment1837 klomp1853 tally1890 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > group > a set of things forming a complex unity > of natural phenomena seta1616 system1815 a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) ii. iii. 135 Hee'le watch the horolodge a double set, If drinke rocke not his cradle. View more context for this quotation 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 74 The least bitling of it will so far club and fall in with the laws that bind the whole Set. 1681 H. More Plain Expos. Daniel App. ii. 278 The seven last plagues of the Vials supposing a Sett or Number of plagues antecedent. 1692 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. v. 32 You do not cast any given Sett of Faces with four Cubical Dice. 1759 R. Smith Harmonics (ed. 2) ix. 212 The Proper Set of Beats, which the said vths ought to make in the given organ. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering II. 303 A new set of words to the old tune of ‘over the Water to Charlie’. 1841 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom xxviii. 574 An elaborate temporary set of muscles provided for the purpose. 1893 H. H. Howorth Glacial Nightmare I. 31 A set of low hills also intervene. b. The complement of teeth (natural or artificial) with which a person (or animal) is furnished. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > tooth or teeth > [noun] > set of set1678 ratelier1812 mouthful of teeth1871 snapper1924 1678 J. Browne Compl. Disc. Wounds l. 236 The Tongue being thus guarded with a Sett of Teeth. 1700 T. Brown Amusem. Serious & Comical ix. 97 Other knaves..take as much for Drawing out an Old Tooth, as would buy a Sett of New ones. 1705 J. Vanbrugh Confederacy i. i I have worn out four pair of pattens with following my old lady Youthful, for one set of false teeth, and but three pots of paint. 1854 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes I. xxiv. 230 Her ladyship's teeth (a new and exceedingly handsome set). 1878 L. P. Meredith Teeth (ed. 2) 250 With mouths so unfavourable that it is impossible to adapt a set of teeth to them. 1886 C. Scott Pract. Sheep-farming 15 Each set when complete consists of incisor, canine, and molar teeth. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > [noun] > with reference to form featurea1375 visagea1400 favour1597 set of features1713 1713 J. Addison Cato i. iv. 12 'Tis not a Sett of Features, or Complexion..that I admire. 1779 G. Keate Sketches from Nature (ed. 2) I. 59 That air of sensibility..accompanied with a pleasing set of features. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. ii. 25 He had a tall handsome figure, a good set of features. d. A spell (of weather); = series n. 5b. Obsolete exc. dialect (but cf. set-in adj. (b) at set adj.1 Compounds 3b, to set in 5 at set v.1 Phrasal verbs 2). ΘΚΠ the world > time > [noun] > stretch, period, or portion of time > period of certain character, condition, or events dayOE dayOE summer day1563 tempestivity1569 set1633 stretch1689 period1712 run1714 tack1723 spell1827 dreamtime1844 time coursea1867 patch1897 dreaming1932 quality time1972 the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > [noun] > spell of weather season1608 slatcha1625 set1633 fit1690 series1723 spell1728 1633 T. James Strange Voy. 104 Wee must haue a set of faire weather, to passe the Straight. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1666 (1955) III. 452 With a long set of faire & warme weather. 1880 W. H. Patterson Gloss. Words Antrim & Down (at cited word) A long set of saft weather. 10. a. A number of things grouped together according to a system of classification or conceived as forming a whole. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > [noun] > a kind, sort, or class > a number of things classed together class1583 coveya1592 parcel1607 batch1616 sisterhood1616 clan1667 band1690 set1690 lot1710 group1718 brotherhood1728 kit1785 package1947 the world > relative properties > wholeness > [noun] > a complex whole > an organized or collective whole > number of things seen as pair1351 set1690 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. i. 37 Which Operations..do furnish the Understanding with another sett of Ideas. 1701 J. Swift Disc. Contests Nobles & Commons v. 57 He assumes..an entire Set of very different Airs. 1730 A. Malcolm New Syst. Arithm. 509 Conceive two or more different Setts (or Systems) of Things, containing each the same, or a different number of Things. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. p. xxiii My old Friend..did..invent a Set of Words and Phrases. 1745 E. Young Complaint: Night the Eighth 20 Virtue has her peculiar Set of Pains. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VII. 240 An exact plan..of Nature's operations in this minute set of creatures. 1801 M. Edgeworth Forester in Moral Tales I. 135 The set of notions, which he had acquired from his education. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. vi. i. 300 The Constitution, the set of Laws,..that men will live under. 1857 A. Cayley Coll. Math. Papers (1890) III. 35 Let L denote a set of any four elements, a, b, c, d. 1897 W. P. Ker Epic & Romance ii. vi. 201 The poet is at this point free to make use of a new set of motives. ΚΠ 1837 W. R. Hamilton in Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 17 Science 422 The author hopes to publish hereafter..a Theory of Triplets and Sets of Moments. 1848 W. R. Hamilton in Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 21 201 When we have in any manner been led to form successively the separate conceptions of any number of moments of time, we may afterwards form the new conception of a system, or momental set, to which all these separate moments belong. 1886 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 177 23 If the collection be such that whatever undistinguished components abcd…, pqrs…we select, and whatever other component lmno…we select, w, x, y, z…can always be selected from the collection, then the collection will be termed a set. c. Mathematics and Logic. An assemblage of distinct entities, either individually specified or which satisfy certain specified conditions. Cf. element n. 5d. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [noun] > set set1857 interval1902 intersection1909 union1912 lattice1933 matroid1935 closure1937 Steiner triple or triplet system1939 recursive set1943 convex hull1951 power set1953 convex envelope1964 Steiner system1966 Julia set1976 Mandelbrot set1984 1857 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 147 717 Any values (x1, y1, z1,…) satisfying the equations, are said to constitute a set of roots of the system. 1897 W. Burnside Theory Groups of Finite Order i. 1 Let a1, a2,…, an be a set of n distinct letters. 1903 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 4 27 A set of elements in which a rule of combination ○ is so defined as to satisfy the following three postulates shall be called an Abelian group with respect to ○. 1937 Jrnl. Symbolic Logic 2 66 According to the leading idea of the von Neumann set theory we have to deal with two kinds of individuals, which we may distinguish as sets and classes. The distinction may be thought of in this way, that a set is a multitude forming a proper thing, whereas a class is a predicate regarded only with respect to its extension. 1965 E. M. Patterson & D. E. Rutherford Elem. Abstr. Algebra i. 3 If x is an element of a set S, we write x ∈ S. 1972 A. G. Howson Handbk. Terms Algebra & Anal. ii. 8 A set is a totality of certain definite, distinguishable objects of our intuition or thought—called the elements of the set. This classic definition of a set was given by Georg Cantor in 1874. Such attempts to give elementary definitions of a set are, however, doomed to failure, their being in the main based on the use of undefined synonyms, such as ‘collection’, and leading to logical inconsistencies (see Russell paradox..). For this reason, mathematicians now regard the notion of a set as an undefined, primitive concept. 1975 I. Stewart Concepts Mod. Math. iv. 47 There is only one empty set. All empty sets are equal. d. transferred. Used variously in Linguistics (see quots.). ΚΠ 1935 W. F. Twaddell On defining Phoneme 60 A modification occurs only in phonetic fractions corresponding to forms, the relations of which constitute relations of sets of micro-phonemes. 1942 B. Bloch & G. L. Trager Outl. Ling. Anal. iii. 45 A structural set is a group of all the phonemes which occur in a given phonetic environment and hence, in that position, directly contrast with each other. 1964 M. A. K. Halliday et al. Ling. Sci. ii. 22 The range of possibilities in a closed choice is called technically a system, that in an open choice a set... We often talk of ‘closed system’ and ‘open set’. 11. The complete collection of the ‘pieces’ composing a suite of furniture, a service of china, a clothing outfit, or the like. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > [noun] > set of furniture widow's chamber1680 set1687 suite1773 dining set1816 chamber1845 garden suite1874 dinette1931 three-piece1966 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant ii. xxiii. 160 All these Pavillions are..lined within with sets of lovely Tapistry. 1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. ii. sig. Nnn4v/3 A fine Set of Silver Plate. 1696 London Gaz. No. 3158/4 Fine Sets for Dressing Tables. 1697 tr. Countess D'Aunoy's Trav. (1706) 140 Neither is it enough to have one Sett of Jewels, as our Ladies in France have. 1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. (at cited word) A Set of Diamonds... A Set of Buttons. 1779 Mirror No. 40 The fall of a set of Dresden. 1798 R. W. Miller in Ld. Nelson Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VII. p. clx I..had every man..at work to alter some of her own sails, and some we got from the Serieuse to make up a set for her. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xxix. 247 A set of Irish diamonds and Cairngorms. 1859 Habits Good Society iv. 163 Her set of winter sables. 1867 H. Latham Black & White 74 The door~keeper wears a set of shooting dittos. 12. a. A series of buildings or apartments associated in use; esp. a suite of apartments let as lodgings. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > [noun] > buildings structure1560 range1618 structure1671 set1722 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > accommodation or lodging > [noun] > hired lodgings chambers1581 rooms1623 lodging1640 digging1838 set1840 digs1893 1722 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack 161 He led me into a..Set of Ware-houses. 1820 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 79/1 A single room out of the sixteen sets composing that part of the Hall [i.e. Magdalen Hall]. 1833 H. Martineau Brooke & Brooke Farm (ed. 3) iv. 53 His one set of farm buildings. 1840 J. T. J. Hewlett Peter Priggins xiv, in New Monthly Mag. The Dean's scout was summoned to..show me the rooms..that I might select any set I chose. 1841 W. M. Thackeray Great Hoggarty Diamond ix First we went into lodgings,—into three sets in three weeks. a1890 H. P. Liddon et al. Life E. B. Pusey (1893) I. iv. 89 At Lent term, 1826, Pusey went into rooms in Oriel College. The set he occupied [etc.]. b. Mining. In full set of timber(s: A frame for supporting the side of a level or shaft, or the roof of a gallery. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > mining equipment > [noun] > pit supports yoking1653 set1830 crib1839 tub1839 wedging crib1839 cribbing1841 ring crib1849 tack1849 tymp1883 1830 Gloss. Eng. Mining Terms (Cornwall) 22 in Q. Mining Rev. June Set of timber, a frame complete to support each side of the vein, level, or shaft. 1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 263 (note) The ‘set of timbers’ may perhaps be fairly assumed to represent 50 cubic yards of material removed. 1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 276 Replacing the old timbers with new square sets. 13. a. A team of (usually six) horses. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > draught-horse > team of cartware1555 set1688 bell-team1824 1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. i. sig. D 3/3 Attelage, a Set of Horses for a Coach or Cart, or of Oxen for a Cart or Plough, four of each. 1701 W. Wotton Hist. Rome 402 He would give Sets of Chariot-Horses. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa V. xxiv. 206 To wait upon my Beloved with a coach and four, or a set. a1794 E. Gibbon Memoirs in Misc. Wks. (1796) I. 82 The favourite team, a handsome set of bays or greys. 1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. I. 153 A set of horses for town. b. A train of coal-trucks. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > mining equipment > [noun] > vehicle for underground haulage or transportation > set of train1825 set1863 run1876 journey1883 jag1900 spake1935 1863 R. Scott Ventil. Mines 10 [The doors] are at a sufficient distance from each other, so as to admit the set to pass through the one before the other is required to be opened. 1871 Daily News 17 Aug. When the sets had arrived at ‘meetings’, instead of passing each other, they ran on to the same line. 14. The series of movements or figures that make up a square dance or country dance, esp. the quadrille; the music adapted to this. first set n. see quots. 1894, 1898. (Cf. set dance n. at set adj.1 Compounds 1.) running set: see running set n. at running adj. Compounds 3b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > movements or steps > [noun] > figure > series of set1836 society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > dance music > [noun] > folk or country dance country dance?1577 set1836 gypsy dance1839 contre-danse1880 folk-dance1909 society > leisure > dancing > movements or steps > [noun] > figure > figures in quadrilles and country-dances allemande?1770 reel1804 pastourelle?1814 poussette1814 pastorale1822 ladies' chain1825 poussetting1836 tour1841 grand chain1864 first set1894 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 300 He attached himself solely to Miss Julia Briggs, with whom he danced no less than three sets consecutively. 1850 G. Cupples Green Hand ii. 17/2 They were soon gliding away in the first set. 1864 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend (1865) I. i. xi. 104 The discreet automaton [at the piano]..played a..tuneless ‘set’. 1894 E. Scott Dancing 119 The Quadrille. (Generally known as the First Set.) 1898 tr. G. Vuillier Hist. Dancing 431 The ‘First Set’ came over from Paris,..and was introduced..as the ‘Parisian Quadrille’. Compounds Special combinations. set theory n. the branch of mathematics which deals with sets without regard to the nature of their individual constituents; an axiomatization which allows of the discussion of sets. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [noun] > branch or theory relating to syntax1861 set theory1936 continuum hypothesis1938 1936 W. V. Quine in Jrnl. Symbolic Logic June 45 Set-theoretic Foundations for Logic... In his set theory Zermelo uses the variables ‘x’, ‘y’, etc. for the representation of ‘things’ generally. 1937 Jrnl. Symbolic Logic 2 65 The system of axioms for set theory to be exhibited in this paper is a modification of the axiom system due to von Neumann. 1971 Where Nov. 332/1 Many would probably ‘solve’ it by using set theory and drawing a Venn diagram. 1975 N. Chomsky Logical Struct. Ling. Theory iii. 107 We will assume..that each level includes a full set theory, so that we can also form sets of strings, sequences of strings, etc. set-theoretic adj. ΚΠ 1964 E. Mendelson Introd. Math. Logic Pref. p. vii In the belief that beginners should be exposed to the most natural and easiest proofs, free-swinging set-theoretic methods have been used. set-theoretical adj. of or pertaining to set theory. ΚΠ 1957 P. Suppes Introd. to Logic xi. 232 A function is a set-theoretical, not a linguistic, entity. set-theoretically adv. ΚΠ 1952 S. C. Kleene Introd. Metamath. xiv. 424 B is a ‘theorem’ set-theoretically. Draft additions 1993 Bodybuilding. A fixed number of repetitions of a particular exercise, performed as a unit. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > gymnastics > exercise > [noun] > physical culture or body-building > group of exercises rep1936 set1956 1956 Muscle Power June 41/2 Which brings us up to his routine... The exercises, the weights, the sets and the repetitions will now be listed here. 1961 Muslce Power Nov. 27/1 Going in for high sets of high reps he soon trimmed that ‘smoothness’ away. 1985 Bodypower June 5/1 Gladys began to grimace during the 8th rep but managed to perform two more for her first set. Draft additions 1993 A group of waves of similar height and force. Surfing slang. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > water sports except racing > surfing > [noun] > types or parts of wave pounder1927 dumper1933 take-off1935 greeny1940 beach break1954 beacher1956 big kahuna1959 greenback1959 close out1962 curl1962 shore break1962 shoulder1962 soup1962 tube1962 wall1962 face1963 peak1963 pipeline1963 set1963 reef break1965 surfable wave1965 point break1966 green room1968 slide1968 barrel1975 left-hander1980 A-frame1992 1963 Surfing Yearbk. 43/1 Set, a group of waves. 1977 Fortune Aug. 75/2 Prone on his board, Hastings paddles out beyond the line of breakers, and then watches for a set of waves to roll in. 1986 Wavelength Surfing II. ii. 68/2 The surf was a constant 2–3ft with the occasional 4–5ft set, and the scoring average for the six scoring waves was around 6.0–7.5 per heat. Draft additions June 2019 set girl n. (also with capital initials) now chiefly historical (in Jamaica) a female dancer who performs at traditional festivals such as junkanoo (see junkanoo n.).Usually in plural. Set girls typically perform in groups, each group having its own elaborate and colourful costume, and often sing and play instruments to accompany the dancing. ΚΠ 1832 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log xiv, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 469/2 This day was the first of the Negro Carnival or Christmas Holidays, and at the distance of two miles from Kingston the..mellow singing of the Set Girls..came off upon the breeze loud and strong. 1968 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 16 Mar. 7/2 There was a dancing display by girls dressed as set girls in colours of the Jamaican flag. 2009 Forward (Nexis) 9 Jan. (Arts & Culture section) 13 Jonkonnu celebrations developed their own stock characters, such as the Queen (or Ma'am) of the singing and dancing Set Girls. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022). setadj.1When in concord with a following n., it was formerly often hyphened. 1. In various strictly participial uses, with reference to corresponding senses of the verb. a. Of a task, a subject of study or discourse: Imposed or prescribed. Now rare except in set book: a book ‘set’ or prescribed as one of the subjects; also set text. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [adjective] > imposing > imposed seta1300 joinedc1475 imposed1630 society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > [adjective] > imposed seta1300 joinedc1475 society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [noun] > required reading > prescribed book set book1888 a1300 Cursor Mundi 26270 Quen nede es for to slak þe sett penance þat es for plight. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 66 When you are to talk on a Set Subject. 1863 W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting i. 2 My natural aversion to any set task. 1888 Daily News 5 Nov. 5/2 Set books are for a Tripos the exception rather than the rule. 1966 N. Nicolson in H. Nicolson Diaries & Lett. (1966) 28 He read..the whole of Aeschylus' Seven Against Thebes because it was my set-book at school. 1968 Listener 22 Aug. 244/3 By the end of 1967, however, it had sold more than 15,000 copies, mainly because a few enterprising examining bodies had chosen it as a set book for A-level GCE. 1982 Times 12 Aug. 8/3 Mrs. Thatcher's Family Policy Committee has been given a set text in the form of a paper by the recently appointed head of the Downing Street Policy Unit. ΘΚΠ society > law > branch of the law > [adjective] > specific setc1200 positivec1385 naturalc1390 directive1610 distributive1651 directory1692 substantive lawa1832 naturel1856 natural law1934 c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 17 Hit is iset lage..þat me sal children fuluhtnie. c1320 Cast. Love 170 Two lawen Adam scholde..holden In Paradis: Þat on him was þorw kynde i-let, Þat oþer was clept lawe I-set. c1320 Cast. Love 193 Þe kuyndeliche and þe set ek, Boþe his lawen he to-brek. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > planting > [adjective] > planted plantedc1450 set1562 pricked-out1911 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 60 ii. sortes of sowen or set myrtel trees. 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 60v The set or gardin Myrt tre. 1644 R. Symonds Diary (1859) 44 Round about the howse many rowes of sett tall oakes. 1780 Lett. & Papers Bath Soc. I. 15 A whole field was sown, and set, in alternate stetches... The produce of the set part was eight bushels per acre more than the sown. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > [adjective] > set to music set1598 1598 B. Yong tr. A. Pérez 2nd Pt. Diana in tr. J. de Montemayor Diana 237 The sweetenes of a Set-song. 1600 Englands Helicon sig. Tiv Out of M. Birds set Songs. 1706 A. Bedford Temple Musick xi. 226 Our Psalm Tunes were composed before any of our Set Services. e. Placed in a setting, mounted. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > [adjective] > of gems: placed in setting set1535 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Chron. xxx. A Onix stones, set Rubyes [1611 stones to be set], & stones of dyuerse coloures. 1714 J. Gay Araminta in R. Steele Poet. Misc. 89 Her new-set Jewels round her Robe are plac'd. f. Inserted in a fixed framework, built in. set bowl (U.S.), a lavatory basin. set tub (U.S.), a tub for washing, fixed in masonry. Also set-pot (see Compounds 1). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > condition of being fast bound or firmly fixed > [adjective] > in position > in fixed framework set1885 1885 W. D. Howells Rise Silas Lapham ii. 50 I'll do the wash.., said Mrs. Lapham. I presume you'll let me have set tubs. 1899 W. D. Howells Ragged Lady 185 He sympathized with her in her wish that there was a set-bowl in her room. g. Of the teeth: Clenched. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > act of drawing body into compact form > [adjective] > clenched > of the teeth grinched1635 set1810 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iii. 111 With set teeth and clenched hand. 1876 A. J. Evans Through Bosnia viii. 368 The sailors..with set teeth laboured at the oars as for grim life. h. Of types: That have been ‘set up’. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > composed type > [adjective] set1837 set-up1856 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. ii. iv. 119 Your military ranked Arrangement going all (as the Typographers say of set types, in a similar case) rapidly to pie. i. Of jelly: that has become firm. Cf. set v.1 97a, 97c. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > jelly > [adjective] > set (of jelly) set1973 1973 Cooking for Today (Good Housekeeping) 264/4 Pour half this vanilla jelly on to the set coffee jelly. 1974 M. Lindlaw Super Sweets & Puddings 58 Make up the Angel Delight..and pipe or swirl on to the set jelly. 2. Appointed or prescribed beforehand; †appointed for observance by the Church. Hence (with sense less distinctly participial), Fixed, definite, not subject to uncertainty or alteration. a. Of a point of time. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > [adjective] > definite, fixed, or set setc1050 houredc1475 society > authority > command > command or bidding > [adjective] > ordaining, prescribing, or appointing > ordained, prescribed, or appointed setc1050 assignedc1374 ordaineda1382 peremptor1397 prescriptc1460 constitute1483 prescribedc1503 assigneea1513 stinteda1513 peremptory1513 pointed1523 appointed1535 state1581 statuted1606 stated1644 instituted1647 constituted1651 indictive1656 indicteda1706 issued1760 prescriptive1765 ordered1780 mandated1944 society > faith > worship > observance, ritual > [adjective] > of time appointed for observance set1597 c1050 Laws Northumb. Priests §36 (Liebermann) 382 Gif preost on gesetne timan tida ne ringe oððe tida ne singe. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 301 Ȝef eut ilimpeð misliche þet ȝe ne beo naut ihuslet iþeose sette termes. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12706 Arður þa hehte aðelest kinge. to ane isette time [c1300 Otho at one isat dai] þat folc isomnien. 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 18 The triews faylled at tyme sette & expired. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) viii. 213 Quhen the set day cumin was He sped him fast toward the place. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxx. 195 Festiuall solemnities and set dayes. 1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. xvii. sig. D6 An old Colledge Butler..keepes the set houres at his booke more duly then any. a1659 R. Brownrig 65 Serm. (1674) I. i. 12 God..sets much by them, that put him not off with some set-dayes service. 1701 J. Swift Disc. Contests Nobles & Commons iii. 28 The set time for Payment. 1769 E. Bancroft Ess. Nat. Hist. Guiana 325 The Indians have no set time of eating. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. vi. i. 370 There will not have arrived, at the set day, Three thousand of them in all. b. Of wages, income, rent, quantity. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [adjective] > ordaining, prescribing, or appointing > ordained, prescribed, or appointed > of quantity, wages, etc. set?c1225 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 314 Nanancre seruant ne achte..to asken iset hure bute mete ant clað. 1504 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 262 Item, to the said Maister Andro, that he gaif in almous be the Kingis command, by the set almous..xxxjs. 1587 R. Hovenden in C. R. L. Fletcher Collectanea (1885) I. 217 Which a sett rent can no wise affoord. 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 77v Half a Crowne..is the sette pryce of a strumpets soule. a1640 P. Massinger Guardian i. i. 239 in 3 New Playes (1655) Some..Make a set living on't. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxii. 123 It is not a set number that makes the Assembly Unlawfull. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 480 Handsome Fountains planted at set Distances from one End of the Streets to the other. 1851 A. Helps Compan. Solitude ix. 163 There always will be a certain set amount of wrongdoing. 1891 Labour Commission Gloss. Set wages, a fixed weekly wage, apart altogether from piece-work. c. Of rules, order, a form of words, etc. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [adjective] > ordaining, prescribing, or appointing > ordained, prescribed, or appointed > of rules, words, etc. set1576 dictative1823 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 211 The..Princelike Palaices..,which the Archbishops..kept..to perfourme their set solemnities of housekeping. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. xxvi. 56 A strange conceipt, that to serue God with any set forme of common prayer is superstitious. a1620 M. Fotherby Atheomastix (1622) ii. i. §7. 182 As strictly tied vnto his set-motion, as a Mill-horse to his Mill. 1630 Bp. J. Hall Occas. Medit. §lxxx The Monarchicall government requires a constant and regular course of the set degrees of rule and inferiority. 1705 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels II. 215 A long preparation of set Diet. 1710 G. Berkeley Treat. Princ. Human Knowl. §30 The set rules or established methods. 1879 J. Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue (ed. 3) vi. 283 The set words of a proverb. 1883 J. Gilmour Among Mongols xvii. 201 Our religious system has no set form of liturgy to be got off by heart and repeated. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > the quality of being specific > [adjective] > definite or determinate firm1377 determinatec1386 certain1393 determinablec1400 precisec1443 finite1493 well-defined1551 definite1553 determined1570 set1594 perfixed1601 formed1605 punctual1615 well-marked1620 definitive1624 determinated1635 determinativea1676 clear-cut1843 1594 1st Pt. Raigne Selimus sig. B3v Things that were as common as the day, Did then to set possessours first obey. 1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Moralists i. i. 5 There are formal Set-Places, where..there is enough said and taught of this kind. e. Of a meal in a hotel, etc.: consisting of a predetermined collection of dishes or items of food at a fixed price. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > meal > [adjective] > qualities of meals substantial1340 simplea1387 dry1483 of substance?c1500 large1528 hearty?1550 abstemious1604 scrambling1607 running1618 lusty1672 sit-down1789 well-served1796 à la carte1816 slap-up1823 quaresimal1828 scratch1851 square1868 scrambly1900 set1914 handout1915 all-you-can-eat1940 spready1960 carbo-load1986 1914 ‘Saki’ Beasts & Super-beasts 308 The one-and-sixpenny set dinner receded..to a Sunday extravagance. 1923 C. Stone Let. 30 June in C. Mackenzie My Life & Times (1966) V. 250 I fancy F. will get herself set teas, and other meals out. 1938 D. Du Maurier Rebecca xxvi. 423 Colonel Julyan waded through the whole set lunch. 1957 W. Camp Prospects of Love iii. i. 148 She promptly chose the five shilling set meal. 1973 J. Pattinson Search Warrant vii. 105 If you have the set lunch, it comes cheaper. 1978 Times 3 June 11/4 There was an advertised set lunch at £5.50 plus VAT. 3. Deliberate, intentional. a. Of a purpose or design: Deliberately conceived. Chiefly in phrases, of (or †on, †a) set purpose (see purpose n. Phrases 5, Phrases 6). ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > [adjective] > performed with intention bethoughtc1200 expressa1400 wilfula1400 purposedc1422 purpensed1436 malice prepensed1454 aforethought1472 studiedc1475 setc1485 voluntary1495 deliberate?1527 willing1550 witting1553 propensed1560 fore-intendeda1586 affected1586 designed1586 determinate1586 intended1592 deliberated1594 uncasual1614 recollecteda1616 resolved1624 industriousa1628 intentionate1631 pre-intended1636 advised1642 malice prepense1647 sedentary1647 propense1650 consultive1651 (crime, evil, etc.) of forethought1692 conscious1726 intentionala1729 systematic1746 studious1750 systematical1750 prepensive1752 advertent1832 self-conscious1832 volitive1839 designful1852 purposeful1853 purposive1864 thought-controlled1926 c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 78 To byde jn felde fermly of sett purpos..cummys of a calde sett mynde confermyt jn hardyness with deliberacioun. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 835/1 Evyn a set purpose. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) i. 24 b How much more hainous those faults are which are committed of set mallice, then those which are done of blinde ignorance. 1600 in R. M. Fergusson Logie (1905) II. 22 (note) Cruellie slaine be yame..vpon sait purpois and foirthocht fellonie. 1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 276 Should a Man go about with never so set Study and Design. 1872 J. Morley Voltaire ii. 57 This fatal predominance was first founded, though assuredly not of set design, by Voltaire. b. Of phrases, forms of expression: Deliberately composed, not spontaneously arising. Also, customary, ‘stereotyped.’ Cf. 5d. in good set terms: often used (after the context of the Shakespeare example) for ‘roundly’, ‘with outspoken severity’. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > saying, maxim, adage > self-evident truth, axiom > [adjective] > trite, well-worn worn1569 seta1616 well-worn1621 copybook1848 overdriven1888 tired1951 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > plainness > [adverb] > straightforwardly or directly platc1375 in short and plainc1386 plaina1387 platlyc1390 in (also at, on, unto) (a, the) plainc1395 roundc1405 homelya1413 directly1509 roundly1528 point-blank1598 in good set termsa1616 broadly1624 crudely1638 plain downa1640 plumply1726 plumpa1734 squably1737 straightforward1809 unvarnishedly1824 pine-blank1834 blankly1846 squarely1860 straight out1874 straightforwardly1906 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > weakness or feebleness > [adjective] > dull > stale or mechanical vinnied1563 overworn1578 seta1616 stock1738 hackneyed1747 commonplace1801 stereotype1824 stereotyped1849 hacky1862 stereotypic1884 cliché1895 cliché-ridden1920 clichéd1925 a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. vii. 17 I met a foole i'th Forrest..Who..Rail'd on Lady Fortune in good termes, In good set termes, and yet a motley foole. View more context for this quotation 1689 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 618 This the child did without any set or formal repetition; as one who had learned things without booke. 1695 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. III. ix. 382 The Set Sayings of the Stoicks. 1827 W. Scott Surgeon's Daughter ix He drew it up in good set terms, like one who had his senses much at his command. 1832 G. C. Lewis Remarks Use & Abuse Polit. Terms Introd. 1 The set phrase of Scientific inquirers. 1860 J. L. Motley Hist. Netherlands (1865) II. x. 85 The governor-general..often denounced him in good set terms. 1861 C. Dickens Great Expectations II. xiii. 210 It had no set beginning, as Dear Mr. Pip, or Dear Pip. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > snare, trap, entanglement > [adjective] insidious1545 trapping1548 masking1567 snaringa1586 entrapping1588 sirenian1600 catching1603 set1603 snarefula1618 insidiary1625 entanglinga1627 ensnaring1630 implicatory1642 trepanning1670 webby1768 spidery1825 catchy1874 trappy1882 tanglefoot1893 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. v. 10 Nor by surprises, or stratagems by night, nor by set-flights [Fr. par fuittes apostees]. 4. (In set battle, set field) = pitched adj.2 2. Now rare (cf. sense 5). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [adjective] > types of armed encounter openeOE set battle1487 unbloody1544 pight1562 pitched1569 round1601 steadfast1623 strucka1625 running1651 stationary1737 stricken field1820 close quarters1871 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) viii. 367 The king, in set battalȝe..Vencust him vith a gret menȝe. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 9 Off set battaillis fyve he dyscumfyt haill. 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Piiiiv In sett fylde the wyues doo stande euerye one by here owne husbandes syde. 1572 J. Sadler tr. Vegetius Foure Bks. Martiall Policye Pref. *. ii. b Whether they should fight in skirmishe, or set battel. 1665 S. Pepys Diary 17 Feb. (1972) VI. 38 He hath fought more set fields then any man in England hath done. 1773 J. Hampton in tr. Polybius Gen. Hist. IV. Contents xiv The Carthaginians..are defeated in a set engagement. 5. Formal, ceremonious, regular. a. As the designation of a particular style of handwriting: see quots. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > handwriting or style of > [adjective] > regular seta1535 a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 56/1 Writen in parchment in so wel a set hande. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iii. vi. 2 This is the indictment..Which in a set hand fairely is engrosst. View more context for this quotation 1685 J. Matlock Fax Nova Artis Scribendi 6 The Set-Hand is thought fittest..for Ingrossing all Evidences of Lands. 1685 J. Matlock Fax Nova Artis Scribendi 11 The English-Ingrossing-Hand, commonly called Set-Secretary. 1784 T. Astle Origin & Progress Writing v. 98 The writing which prevailed in England from..596 to the middle of the eleventh century, is generally termed Saxon, and may be divided into five kinds, namely, the Roman Saxon, the Set Saxon, the Running hand Saxon, the Mixed Saxon, and the Elegant Saxon. 1784 T. Astle Origin & Progress Writing v. 143 The specimens of the charters..are composed partly of characters called Set Chancery and Common Chancery. 1885 E. M. Thompson in Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 156/2 In the 8th century appears the set book-hand in an even..character. b. Of a meal, a meeting for business or pleasure: Carefully pre-arranged; attended with some degree of ceremony or formality; stated, regular, formal. So †set table. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > ostentation > ceremony or formality > [adjective] > full of or accompanied by ceremony or formality solemnc1369 solemned1423 solenc1460 solemnel?1473 formal1596 set1606 ceremoniousa1616 circumstantial1710 full dress1776 1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 71 He feasted daily: and never otherwise than at a set table [L. cena recta]. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures ii. 3 Keeping a set table for above seven hundred persons. 1680 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester (ed. 2) 95 They have one most egregious piece of Roguery more, and that is playing the High-Game at Putt; and this is to be done but once at a Sett-meeting. 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §14 (1699) 21 The Romans usually fasted till Supper; the only set Meal, even of those who eat more than once a Day. 1718 Free-thinker No. 19. 2 His Physitians advised him to leave off Set Suppers. 1818 Princess Jablonowski in Lady Morgan Passages from Autobiogr. (1859) 166 It is not a set party, but one without full dress or ceremony. 1862 Chamb. Encycl. at Curling These bon~spiels or set matches, are contested with immense spirit. 1868 E. Edwards Life Sir W. Ralegh I. xxii. 495 The ambassador would fain have discussed such grave matters only at a set audience. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [adjective] > for specific purpose > official or ceremonial wear formalc1593 set1676 full dress1761 1676 G. Etherege Man of Mode iv. ii. 72 We should not alwaies be in a set dress. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 390 The set dress of the Persian. d. Of a discourse, treatise, etc.: Elaborate, composed in due form; expressly or systematically dealing with a subject. set speech: public speech more or less elaborate; an oration, as distinguished from extemporaneous or informal utterances. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > a speech speakingc1275 cry1303 orisona1382 sermonc1385 exhortationc1450 oration?1504 prepositiona1513 declamation1523 concion1541 speak1567 set speech1573 speech1583 hortative1612 allocution1615 public addressa1639 address1643 presentation1714 speechification1809 speechment1826 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > elegance > [adjective] > elaborate curious1561 set1573 elaborated1596 composeda1616 elaborate1621 1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 12 I am inforcid rather to bungle up a pelting histori then to write a set epistle. 1608 G. Chapman Trag. Duke of Byron v, in Conspiracie Duke of Byron sig. Q The most lawierly deliuery Of his set speeches. 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. ii. §2 A learned man hath in a set discourse endeavoured to shew the great defects that were in it. 1701 Acct. Life in T. Stanley Hist. Philos. (ed. 3) sig. b He did not confine himself to set Lectures in the Chair. 1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World I. 125 I had prepared a set introductory speech for the occasion. 1817 T. Moore Lalla Rookh 126 The young lady dies, in a set speech. 1834 T. B. Macaulay William Pitt in Ess. ⁋29 He was no speaker of set speeches. His few prepared discourses were complete failures. 1886 C. E. Pascoe London of To-day (ed. 3) viii. 89 It is not easy to learn beforehand when the great popular leaders may be expected to make set orations. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > [adjective] > founding or instituting > settled or established > regularly set1702 1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi iv. i. 126/1 They soon determined..That Set-Schools are so necessary, there is no Doing without them. 6. That has assumed a permanent form or condition; immovable, persistent. a. Of facial expression, looks, or countenance, tones of voice: Fixed, rigid, unvarying. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > [adjective] > fixed set1605 1605 G. Chapman Al Fooles iv. i A set countenance Of rage and choller. a1627 J. Fletcher & T. Middleton Nice Valour i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ttt3v/2 Look who comes here sir, his love fit's upon him; I know it, by that set smile, and those congies. 1760 B. Franklin Idea Eng. School 3 Those even set Tones so common among Readers. 1865 A. C. Swinburne Two Dreams in Poems & Ballads 28 The heavy sun's Set face of heat stopped all the songs. 1892 A. Bierce In Midst of Life 96 In that set immobile face was no sign; it was as hard as bronze. b. Of a feeling, attitude of mind: Fixed, settled, immovable. †Of action: Resolute. Also (dialect and U.S.) of persons: Obstinate. (Cf. hard-set adj. 3.) ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > resolution or determination > [adjective] > of actions, etc. doughtyOE resolute?1560 resolved1561 determineda1616 seta1640 concerted1844 kragdadig1952 driven1967 the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] > inflexible ironOE stour1303 strange1338 unmovablea1382 inflexible1398 stoutc1410 unpliablea1425 intreatable1509 stiff1526 stiff-necked1526 unpliant1547 stout-hearted1552 inexorable1553 obstinate1559 strait-laced1560 impersuasible1576 unflexiblea1586 hard-edged1589 adamantive1594 unyielding1594 adder-deaf1597 steeled1600 irrefragable1601 rigid1606 unpersuadable1607 imployable1613 unswayablea1616 uncompellable1623 inflexive?1624 over-rigid1632 unlimbera1639 seta1640 incomplying1640 uncomplying1643 stiff-girt1659 impersuadable1680 unbendinga1688 impracticable1713 unblendable1716 stiff-rumped1728 unconvinciblea1747 uncompounding1782 unplastic1787 unbending1796 adamant1816 uneasy1819 uncompromising1828 cast iron1829 hard-hitting1831 rigoristic1844 ramrod1850 pincé1858 anchylosed1860 unbendable1884 tape-bound1900 tape-tied1900 hard line1903 tough1905 absolutist1907 hard-arsed1942 go-for-broke1946 hardcore1951 hard-arse1966 hard-ass1967 hardball1974 the mind > will > decision > obstinacy or stubbornness > [adjective] starkOE moodyOE stithc1000 stidyc1175 stallc1275 harda1382 stubbornc1386 obstinate?1387 throa1400 hard nolleda1425 obstinant?a1425 pertinacec1425 stablec1440 dour1488 unresigned1497 difficultc1503 hard-necked1530 pertinatec1534 obstacle1535 stout-stomached1549 hard-faced1567 stunt1581 hard-headed1583 pertinacious1583 stuntly1583 peremptory1589 stomachous1590 mulish1600 stomachful1600 obstined1606 restive1633 obstinacious1649 opinionated1649 tenacious1656 iron-sided1659 sturdy1664 cat-witted1672 obstinated1672 unyielding1677 ruggish1688 bullet-headed1699 tough1780 pelsy1785 stupid1788 hard-set1818 thick and thin1822 stuntya1825 rigwiddie1826 indomitable1830 recalcitrant1830 set1848 mule-headed1870 muley1871 capitose1881 hard-nosed1917 tight1928 the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > [adjective] > that does something habitually > settled in habit sitten-up1671 set1848 a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger False One iv. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Rr4/1 Why doe you frowne? good gods, what a set-anger Have you forc'd into your face. 1649 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest (new ed.) iv. vi. 688 The set and solemn acting of all the powers of thy soul. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa III. vii. 62 I cannot, at present, write to every particular, unless I would be in set defiance. 1848 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (at cited word) He is very set in his ways. 1848 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 1st Ser. ix. 139 Wen I hev once made up my mind, a meet'nhus aint sotter. 1896 Harper's Mag. Apr. 680/1 ‘You are a terribly set person,’ she said,..after she had consented to let him have his own way. c. Of a kind of weather: Persistent, likely to continue some time. So quasi-adv. in set fair (also figurative and in extended use). set fair is usually marked on English barometers at the point indicating that the height of the mercury is 30½ inches. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > [adjective] > settled settleda1665 steady1694 set1699 1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. ii. ii. 55 Then you have set Rains till the latter end of August. a1823 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XV. 281 To the next half-inch below this highest point are written set fair on the one side, and set frost on the other. 1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes II. vi. 162 The road..was certainly enough to have shaken tempers that were not resolutely at Set Fair, down to some inches below Stormy. 1873 R. Browning Red Cotton Night-cap Country ii. 108 Like some kindly weathercock..stuck fast at Set Fair. 1921 W. de la Mare Mem. Midget xxix. 197 Her mood, like our weather that April, was almost always ‘set fair’. 1978 J. Pearson Façades xxiii. 399 Everything appeared set fair for the happiest of stays. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > melancholy > seriousness or solemnity > [adjective] seinec1330 sober1362 unfeastlyc1386 murec1390 unlaughter-milda1400 sadc1400 solemnyc1420 solemned1423 serious1440 solemnc1449 solenc1460 solemnel?1473 moy1487 demure1523 grave1549 staid1557 sage1564 sullen1583 weighty1602 solid1632 censoriousa1637 (as) grave (also solemn, etc.) as a judge1650 untriumphant1659 setc1660 agelastic1666 austere1667 humourless1671 unlaughing1737 smileless1740 untriflinga1743 untittering1749 steady1759 dun1797 antithalian1818 dreich1819 laughterless1825 unsmiling1826 laughless1827 unfestive1844 sober-sided1847 gleeless1850 unfarcical1850 mome1855 deedy1895 button-down1959 buttoned-down1960 straight-faced1975 c1660 in J. Morris Troubles Catholic Forefathers (1872) (modernized text) 1st Ser. i. vi. 286 She was always of a set and womanly carriage, not wild or given much to play. e. Chiefly predicative: Of settled form or habit of body. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > [adjective] > of settled form set1861 1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. I. ii. 28 The other man was evidently a year or two older than himself, his figure was more set. 1861 Temple Bar Dec. 53 Their limbs are not sufficiently ‘set’ to prevent serious accidental injury. 1894 J. D. Astley Fifty Years of my Life I. 144 Orme was, as we should say of a racehorse, ‘too set.’ Categories » f. Cricket. (set v.1 100c.) g. In a tight corner or difficult position. colloquial. ΚΠ 1925 E. Fraser & J. Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words s.v. To have someone set: to get the better of: to take at a disadvantage: to get a man convicted. 7. With prefixed adverb: Having a specified position, location, arrangement, conformation, build, adjustment, disposition, pitch, etc.See broad-set adj. at broad adj. and n.1 Compounds 2 (broad adj. and n.1 Compounds 2), deep-set adj., fine-set (fine adj., adv., and n.2 Compounds 3a), firm-set (firm adj. and adv. Compounds 2), hard-set adj., high-set adj., ill-set adj., low-set (low adj. 9), strong-set at strong adv. Compounds 2, thick-set adj. and n., thin-set (thin adj., n., and adv. Compounds 2), well-set adj. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > position or situation > [adjective] > having a (specified) position besteda1300 set13.. situatec1425 bestowed1484 situatedc1487 collocate1529 resident1571 sited1578 posited1666 stowed1674 couched1675 enlodged1678 parked1807 the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > [adjective] > inclined set13.. tendenta1340 disposedc1380 enclinant1400 inclining?c1400 inclinedc1405 prone1408 hieldingc1480 talenteda1500 inclinablea1513 prone1528 propense1528 minded1529 propensed1530 ready1533 proclivec1540 fit1574 tending to1578 forward1581 minded1588 propensive1599 intense1620 propendenta1646 propended1693 calculated1723 oriented1925 prone1926 turned1931 orientated1964 13.. K. Alis. 7112 Cadace was a ferly best, Thries set [Laud MS. shet] teth was in his teste. Compounds C1. In special collocations (most of which are hyphenated as compounds, and often stressed on the first syllable): See also setwork n. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [noun] > other tables dormant tablec1405 set board1512 chair-table1558 oyster table1559 brushing-table1575 stand board1580 table-chair1671 reading table1749 worktable1762 centre table1775 pier table1778 loo-table1789 screen table1793 social table1793 octoped1822 claw-table1832 bench table1838 mould1842 end table1851 pedestal table1858 picnic table1866 examining table1877 silver table1897 changing table1917 rent table1919 capstan table1927 conference table1928 tricoteuse1960 Parsons1962 overflow table1973 butcher's block1976 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > devices to protect ship from weather > board to keep water out set board1512 waist-board1627 washboard1753 water board1758 weatherboard1772 wash-strake1809 splash-board1907 1512 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 456 Item..for xvc seym and ruf for the set burdis of the greit schip. 1529 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. (1883) 178 A comptar burd price 2 markis, a set burd with formis and trestis price 13s. 4d. set changes n. Bell-ringing = set peal n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > bell-ringing > [noun] > going through all the changes > changes > specific set peal16.. grandsire1668 whole pull1668 bob1671 peal1671 course1677 set changes1677 single1684 single change1688 Plain Bob1702 Stedman1731 Superlative Surprise1788 touch1788 triple1798 triple bob major1809 maximus1813 royal1813 call changes1837 slam1854 cater1872 cinques1872 triple change1872 plain hunt1874 plain hunting1874 quarter peal1888 method1901 short course1904 1677 F. Stedman Campanalogia 169 For such as have not yet attain'd the skill to ring these compleat peals, Sett~changes are very proper for them, being easie. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 462/2 Ringing in Set Changes, that is, the Bells being Set, they order which Bell shall lead away & what to follow. 1872 H. T. Ellacombe Bells of Church iii, in Church Bells Devon 231 Its members rang nothing but rounds and set changes, till about the year 1642, when single changes were first attempted. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > made from specific types of wool > worsted > types of stamin?c1225 worsted1348 monk's cloth1441 set cloth1467 vesse1483 St. Thomas worsted1518 St. Omer's worsted1530 caddis1558 cloth-rash1592 Philip and Cheyney1614 none-so-pretty1622 tammy1675 cheyneyc1680 crape1682 bunting1742 beaudoy1759 wildbore1784 Princetta?1790 Circassian1824 plain-back1830 Coburg1844 Tournai1858 Tricotine1914 1467–8 Rolls of Parl. V. 629 Divers Wollen Clothes, some called brode sette Clothes, and that other called streite sette Clothes. 1523 Act 14 & 15 Henry VIII c. 11 Vesses, otherwise called Sette clothes of diuers colours. set copper n. a form of metallic copper containing about 6 per cent of cuprous oxide, produced by oxidation during refining. ΚΠ 1904 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1903 34 671 Some of the copper is oxidized to cuprous oxide and dissolved by the metal bath. When the quantity of dissolved cuprous oxide has reached about 6 per cent, the metal is said to have been brought to ‘set-copper’. 1959 J. Newton Extractive Metall. vi. 376 Usually it is not possible to take any short-cuts in refining copper—the metal must be carried to the set-copper stage and then poled. set dance n. a quadrille, country-dance, or the like. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > types of dance or dancing > square, figure, or set dance > [noun] set dance1712 figure-dance1801 square dance1870 square1882 square-dancing1977 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 434. ¶5 Several Regular Tunes and Sett Dances. 1808 M. L. Weems Life G. Washington (ed. 6) ii. 9 He has carried down many a sett dance with her. set iron n. [compare Dutch zetijzer, German setzeisen] Shipbuilding a bar of soft iron, admitting of being bent so as to be used for transferring curves from the scrive-board to the bending plate. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > [noun] > shipbuilding > drawing board > bar for transferring curves from set iron1874 1874 S. J. P. Thearle Naval Archit. (new ed.) I. 83 When the scrive board is used, a flat rod of soft iron termed the ‘set iron’ is bent to the curvature. set joint n. U.S. slang (see quots. and flat joint (b) s.v. flat adj., adv., and n.3 Compounds 2). ΚΠ 1926 G. H. Maines & B. Grant Wise-crack Dict. 14/1 Set joint, unbeatable game. 1931 Amer. Speech 6 335 Set~joint,..a gambling device operated with a numbered wheel and arrow-spindle. These are always fitted with a gimmick which prevents the customer from winning too often, or which may be used by the operator to lead the customer on until he will place a large bet, when the operator applies the gimmick and the customer loses. set line n. [compare Dutch zetlijn] a fishing-line with baited hooks, pegged or anchored; also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fishing-line > [noun] > trawl-line or set line boulter1602 spiller1602 bulter1769 trot-line1826 spillet1832 bultow1858 trot1858 trawl1864 set line1865 trawl-line1867 outline1890 trat-line1894 outlier1904 trout-line1912 1865 J. G. Bertram Harvest of Sea 160 Set-line-fishing..can only be practised in places where the tide recedes to a considerable distance. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > [noun] > a plot > a conspiracy > for a highway robbery set match1587 1587 J. Hooker tr. Giraldus Cambrensis Vaticinall Hist. Conquest Ireland ii. viii. 37/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II These things came not thus to passe, as it were by a set match. 1591 R. Greene Notable Discouery of Coosenage f. 9v When their other trades fail, as..the High Lawyer when he hath no set match to ride about. 1614 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. II. O.T. vii. 269 A set match betwixt the brethren. set net n. a fishing net fastened across a stream or channel, into which the fish are driven. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > net > [noun] > fixed net stall net1246 trink1311 set net1481 trinkerc1485 pitch1523 half-net1538 trink-net1584 stop-net1634 toot-net1805 yair-net1805 stob-net1806 seta1808 stake-net1836 barrier-net1884 boom net1925 1481–90 Howard Househ. Bks. (Roxb.) 192 A sett net of ij. fadom. 1745 F. Blomefield Ess. Topogr. Hist. Norfolk II. 866 Two Wardens of the Fishermen-Company..to inspect the Sett Netts belonging to them. 1863 Rep. Sea Fisheries Comm. (1865) II. 1190/1 Small quantities of herrings were taken with set-nets close in-shore. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > bell-ringing > [noun] > going through all the changes > changes > specific set peal16.. grandsire1668 whole pull1668 bob1671 peal1671 course1677 set changes1677 single1684 single change1688 Plain Bob1702 Stedman1731 Superlative Surprise1788 touch1788 triple1798 triple bob major1809 maximus1813 royal1813 call changes1837 slam1854 cater1872 cinques1872 triple change1872 plain hunt1874 plain hunting1874 quarter peal1888 method1901 short course1904 16.. in Eng. Gilds 290 If the Master..shall neglect to warn the Company..for to ring a bisett sett peale, he shall pay..one shilling. set point n. the value of a physical quantity that an automatic controller or regulator is set to maintain; also transferred. ΚΠ 1941 T. J. Rhodes Industr. Instruments for Measurem. & Control ix. 419 Where it is not permissible for the process temperature to deviate for any appreciable period from the original set point, it is necessary to use a mode of control previously described as proportional and floating. 1972 Science 9 June 1125/1 One of the principal homeo~static ‘set points’, that for body temperature, seems to depend on the constant ratio of Na+ to Ca2 + in the caudal hypothalamus. 1975 D. G. Fink Electronics Engineers' Handbk. xxiv. 14 Display of the measurement, set point, and output levels is normally provided. set-pot n. (also ˈsetpot) (a) dialect a fixed cauldron or boiler used for heating water for domestic purposes; (b) a copper pan, heated by a special flue, used in making varnish, and for heating oil, size, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel in which liquid is boiled > [noun] > cauldron leada1100 cauldronc1300 welling-lead1371 chaldron1555 witch's cauldron1762 set-pot1839 society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel in which liquid is boiled > [noun] > vessel for heating oil, size, etc. set-pot1839 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1268 Black japan [i.e. varnish], is made by putting into the set-pot 48 pounds of Naples, or any other of the foreign asphaltums. 1862 C. C. Robinson Dial. Leeds & Neighbourhood Set pot, a stone boiler or ‘copper’, with a fire-grate under, for the purpose of boiling and ‘stewing’ dirty linen. 1873 E. Spon Workshop Receipts 1st Ser. 65/2 Take the gum pot from the fire; let it cool for a few minutes, then pour it into the oil in the set pot. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > bell-ringing > [noun] > positions sally1668 set1677 set-pull1677 handstroke1788 1677 F. Stedman Campanalogia 26 The falling of the bells from a Set-pull. 1677 F. Stedman Campanalogia 46 Supposing that a peal of 5 bells were raised, and rung at a Sett-pull. set scene n. an apparatus built up and placed in position upon a theatrical stage before the rise of the curtain; a collection of side scenes, ‘skies’, etc. depending upon one another for a particular effect. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > theatrical equipment or accessories > [noun] > scenery > set set scenery1854 set1859 stage-set1861 set scene1866 1866 ‘Old Stager’ Stage Reminisc. ix. 122 The sizes and sets of yarns occupied his thoughts much less than theatrical ‘lengths’ and ‘set scenes’. 1887 Spectator 25 June 857/2 Theatrical speculators now spend such vast sums on the upholstery of their set scenes. set scenery n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > theatrical equipment or accessories > [noun] > scenery > set set scenery1854 set1859 stage-set1861 set scene1866 1854 F. W. Fairholt Dict. Terms Art 382 The scenery..was entirely of the nature of what is now termed set-scenery, regularly built up by carpenters before the curtain rises, to be taken to pieces again when it falls. set scrum n. (also set scrummage) Rugby an organized scrummage ordered by the referee during the course of play; opposed to loose scrum(mage) s.v. loose adj., n.2, and adv. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > rugby football > [noun] > scrum scrimmage1848 squash1857 loose scrummage1874 scrum1876 tight1904 loose ruck1906 set scrum1925 scrum-down1943 1925 R. M. Rayner Man. Rugby Football for Public Schools viii. 47 (heading) On getting possession in ‘set’ scrummages. 1938 Macdonald & Rees Rugger Practice & Tactics ii. 34 Few tries are scored in good football by movements that start from a set scrum. 1960 E. S. Higham & W. J. Higham High Speed Rugby xiv. 185 We deal with the set scrum first, because it forms the basis of loose scrums and loose rucks. 1971 Times 15 Feb. 9/4 Bryce, Miller and Moroney are an experienced front row and rubbed in the fact..at the set scrummages. 1977 S. Wales Guardian 27 Oct. 16/3 By this stage Llandovery's forwards were dominating the set scrums. set shot n. Basketball a shot at the basket made from a still position. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > basketball > [noun] > types of shot or ball free throw1888 foul shot1902 jump shot1909 jump ball1924 pop shot1933 jumper1937 set shot1940 lay-up1948 fallaway1949 bonus1955 hook-shot1957 sky-hook1959 buzzer beater1965 brick1971 spot-up1992 1940 N.Y. Times 21 Jan. v1/3 The cadets, their set shots hitting the mark with a remarkable degree of accuracy, gained the upper hand at the outset. 1976 Milton Keynes Express 9 July 42/3 Wickham, Wynn and Waller were all desperately unlucky with set shots. set sod n. a turf used in building up a bank of a ditch in the operation of water-tabling. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > turf > [noun] > for building or constructing turf1565 set sod1844 sodding1852 sward-earth1852 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > [noun] > sod > as material divotc1540 set sod1844 sodding1852 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 574 After a few of these smaller sods have been made ready, the hedger lays them, with the grass side downwards, upon the edges of the set-sods. set square n. (a) a plate of wood, metal, etc. in the form of a right-angled triangle, the acute angles being either 60° and 30° or both 45°, used by draughtsmen as a guide for drawing lines at one of these angles; (b) a form of T-square with an additional arm turning on a pivot, for drawing lines at fixed angles to the head; (c) a joiner's square. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for marking out work > [noun] > squares squarea1300 trying-square1579 mitre square1676 mitre1678 centre square1683 box square?1710 square rule1726 T square1785 set square1854 try-square1877 society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > drawing plans or diagrams > [noun] > drawing instruments sweep1680 bow1706 trammel1725 stock1815 cyclograph1823 trainer1848 set square1854 stereograph1877 tracer1878 philograph1892 society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > drawing plans or diagrams > [noun] > drawing instruments > triangular set square1854 triangle1875 1854 in Specif. Patents, Artists' Instr. (1872) 73 An improved artizans' tool, which may be used as a measuring rule, straight edge, set square, T square, bevel, and plumb rule. 1857 W. Binns Elem. Treat. Orthogr. Projection 1 One 8-inch set square. 1884 J. J. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. V. 64 The sliderest is adjusted to it by means of the set square, an instrument with a straight shaft and a steel blade fixed to it at right angles. 1892 E. Rowe Hints on Chip-carving (1895) 15 The set-square of 45°. 1892 E. Rowe Hints on Chip-carving (1895) 7 The 60° set-square. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [adjective] > embroidered > other broched?1510 raised1548 set-stitched1761 chikan1858 Strasbourg1871 Richelieu1878 rococo1879 Holbein1881 Hardanger1893 Mountmellick1893 1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy III. xxix. 142 An old set-stitch'd chair. set-stock v. transitive. ΚΠ 1956 N.Z. Jrnl. Sci. & Technol. A. 37 555 Most New Zealand farmers producing fat lambs..generally prefer to set-stock the ewes and lambs from lambing time onwards. 1964 Weekly News (Auckland) 21 Oct. 54/4 Under New Zealand conditions, ewes and lambs are usually set~stocked from lambing until weaning, although rotational grazing is practised on some farms. 1981–2 Deer Farmer (N.Z.) Summer 8/3 Hinds are set-stocked or mob-stocked over winter at about 10 to the acre. set stocking n. Agriculture (originally New Zealand) the grazing of animals, esp. sheep, in the same pasture for a considerable period. ΚΠ 1950 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Feb. 100/2 Make sure that the calves are rotated through the paddocks at intervals of a few days. Set stocking at this time of the year is bound to result in..some deaths. 1975 Country Life 26 June 1702/1 In the last 35 years we would seem to have gone full circle—from set-stocking, strip-grazing, paddock-grazing..and now the so called ‘intensive’ set-stocking. C2. In parasynthetic derivatives. rare. ΚΠ 1614 G. Chapman Andromeda Liberata Ep. Ded. ¶3v The one-ear'd Race Of set-ey'd vulgars. ?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) xvii. 602 You are a sawcy set-fac't Vagabond. 1633 T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia i. xi. 74 The treacherous Guid, who did upon a set purposed malice draw this Draught, was..hanged. C3. a. With adverbs (see the corresponding combinations of the verb). set-apart adj. ΚΠ 1830 T. P. Thompson in Westm. Rev. July 245 This act of choice baseness and set-apart iniquity. 1858 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem II. lxxvi. 28 All have sunk into a state of lamentable indifference, there is no burning zeal left except among the set-apart. set-down adj. ΚΠ a1850 D. G. Rossetti Dante & Circle (1874) ii. 281 'Tis no set-down sickness that I have, Nor are my pains set down. 1884 J. Ruskin Bible of Amiens i. 9 (note) The first fixed and set-down footsteps. set-on adj. ΚΠ 1864 Q. Jrnl. Sci. 1 467 Well set-on tails and very sloping shoulders. set-out adj. ΚΠ 1608 T. Middleton Familie of Love (new ed.) iv. sig. F3 I am..of the spick & span new set vp Company of [por]ters. 1710 S. Palmer Moral Ess. Prov. 359 If the pomp..be carry'd out of proportion,..it is an ill set-out ambition. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas I. iii. iii. 360 There was no want of magnificence, good taste, or a well-designed set-out at table. b. With specific meaning: set-down adj. described in books, recognized.Apparently an isolated use. set-in adj. (a) inserted, inset; (b) of rain, etc. that has set in or become continuous. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > insertion or putting in > [adjective] set-in1534 inserted1598 inlaid1606 intromitted1706 input1839 inlet1849 run-in1897 1534 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1905) VI. 185 To be ane set in nek to ane veluet slop. 1866 D. Livingstone 13 Dec. in Last Jrnls. (1874) I. vi. 158 A 'set-in' rain came on. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1534/2 Side-notes, marginal or set-in notes. 1895 Montgomery Ward Catal. Spring & Summer 280/2 Men's overshirts... Set in bosom, yoke back, [etc.]. 1969 Sears, Roebuck Catal. Spring–Summer 37/3 Wing collar, set-in sleeves. set-off adj. Scottish of part of a tenement, let off to a sub-tenant. ΚΠ a1722 J. Lauder Decisions (1759) I. 454 One may set set-off chambers and parts of a house. set-on adj. Scottish (see quot. 1825). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > [adjective] > cooked > overcooked or slightly burned zamzawed1743 overdone1781 set-on1825 well-done1846 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Set-on, a term applied to what is singed or slightly burned in the pot or pan. set-up adj. (a) established; (b) dialect and colloquial conceited, ‘stuck up’; (c) of type, composed. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > pretension to superiority > [adjective] taunt?a1534 cocket1537 fastuous?1591 cobbing1599 whalebone1602 airy1606 fastigious1625 flatuous1630 high and mighty1633 vapouring1647 flatulent1658 hoity-toity1690 jackanapish1696 superior1711 penseful1788 uppish1789 pensy1790 stuck-up1812 glorified1821 toploftical1823 pretentious1832 sophomoric1837 highty-tighty1847 snippy1848 jumped-up1852 set-up1856 toplofty1859 cock-aloft1861 high-tone1864 high-toned1866 pretensivea1868 fancy-pants1870 hunched1870 snotty1870 head-in-air1880 uppity1880 jackanapsian1881 airified1882 sidey1898 posh1914 upstage1918 snooty1919 high-hatted1924 hincty1924 snot-nosed1941 posho1989 the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > [adjective] > founding or instituting > settled or established rootfastlOE stablec1290 institutec1325 sad1340 firmc1374 rooteda1393 stabledc1400 substantialc1449 well-foundeda1450 surec1475 standing1549 afloat1551 well-established1559 steadyc1571 naturalized1590 erected1603 established1642 instituted1647 settled1649 riveted1652 radicate1656 inrooted1660 institute1668 statuminated1674 planted1685 stablished1709 deep-seated1741 founded1771 set-up1856 society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > composed type > [adjective] set1837 set-up1856 1856 J. Kavanagh Rachel Gray iv. 66 Serve her right—the set up thing! 1878 Encycl. Brit. VIII. 116/1 Set-up type is also sometimes copied thus. Draft additions June 2016 set menu n. (a) a menu consisting of a set number of courses offered at a fixed price, typically limited to a few options for each course (opposed to à la carte adj.); (b) figurative something that is unvarying, predetermined, or provides a limited choice only. ΚΠ 1878 Amer. Mag. Sept. 351/1 When these same two casuals dined at the latter establishment, there was a set menu. 1952 Times 6 Sept. 5/4 The system of having dishes à la carte as well as a set menu is helpful to many. 1960 Times Lit. Suppl. 28 Oct. 691/2 The ingratiating sweet nothings that are the set menu at..diplomatic cocktail parties. 1987 Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 9 Sept. 5 Best value is the set menu (garlic bun, a good, tasty fish soup, fish and chips and coffee for $8.50). 1991 Purchasing & Supply Managem. Apr. 20/3 In many cases, the purchaser does not have to buy from the set menu of tariffs, but can demand that the tariff be customised to meet individual requirements. 2015 Watertown (N.Y.) Daily Times 17 May G1 The specials menu at Ryan's is always lengthy and inventive, but we ordered off the set menu. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). setadj.2 Philology. In Sanskrit, designating a root after which the vowel i appears before certain suffixes and endings (such roots being now widely explained as reflecting a type earlier having a laryngeal suffix). Also transferred of reconstructed Indo-European roots and formations based on them in various languages. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > morpheme > [adjective] > relating to roots > specific pluriliteral1762 set1897 1897 S. C. Vasu Ashtádhyáyi of Pániṇi II. vii. ii. 1366 A root which is optionally Seṭ before other affixes, is invariably aniṭ before Nishṭhâ. 1939 E. Prokosch Compar. Germanic Gram. 129 Sanskrit grammar..distinguishes between sēṭ-bases and aniṭ-bases, i.e., bases with or without i < ə (sa- ‘with’, an- ‘without’). 1952 W. P. Lehmann Proto-Indo-European Phonol. iii. 28 The laryngeal theory demands a change of analysis of some of the most important IE form classes, such as the seṭ-roots. 1962 C. Watkins Indo-European Origins of Celtic Verb i. 186 In Indo-European, seṭ roots formed only a limited number of kinds of presents... The Celtic verbs continue Indo-European athematic seṭ presents. 1970 G. Nagy Gr. Dial. i. 45 For the extension of complex -iṣ- from seṭ-roots as replacement of simplex -s- and for the morphophonemic conditioning, cf. Kurylowicz, Apophonie, 252–257. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1993; most recently modified version published online March 2022). setv.1α. Old English setta (Northumberland), Old English settan, Middle English cettyn, Middle English sætten ( Lay.), Middle English satte, Middle English seotte, Middle English settenn ( Ormulum), Middle English setton, Middle English settyn, Middle English zetten (Kent), Middle English (1500s archaic) setten, Middle English–1500s sette, Middle English–1800s sett, Middle English– set, 1500s seatt-, 1600s–1800s zet (dialect (south-western)). c725 Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) P 13 Pastinare, settan.a900 Laws Ælfred ii. v. (Liebermann) 50 We settað æghwelcere cirican..ðis frið.c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xviii. 23 Seðe wil reht setta mið ðegnum his.c1000 Ags. Ps. c. 3 Ne sette ic me fore eagum yfele wisan.a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 656 Þæt hi scoldon..seotte þa dæi hwonne [etc.].c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3941 Soþ sahhtnesse settenn.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8767 Heo wolden al þis lond sætten [c1300 Otho sette] on hæore tweire hond.a1340 R. Rolle Psalter ii. 10 Settand vndire ȝoure fote ȝoure enmys.1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. vi. 32 Boþe to sowen and to setten.c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1872 Y set noȝt by þy sawes.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 12416 To sett iesu to werld lar.c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) ii. xlv. 51 Prowde men..that settyn att nought al other men.c1420 Chron. Vilod. 1761 How lytull his martrus setton by worldelyche gode.1499 Promptorium Parvulorum 67/2 Cettyn or putten.c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) iii. 5 Huon and gerarde who by theyr pryde settyth no thynge by me.1538 in T. Wright Three Chapters Lett. Suppression Monasteries (1843) 199 Setteynge many on worke.1552 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16279) Morninge Prayer sig. .iv To set foorth hys moste worthy prayse.1584 Eltham Churchwardens' Accts. in Archaeologia 34 63 For seatting fourthe of a soldger into Frawnce.1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D2 Themselues to setten forth to straungers sight.1605 London Prodigall sig. G4v Che zet not a vig by a wife, if a wife zet not a vig By me.1613 E. Wright Descr. & Use Sphære 61 Such starres as sett when the sunne riseth, are said to set cosmically.1711 in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 176 I sett again the quære, how can the Irish..be..deemed rebels?1801 Ld. Nelson Let. 28 Jan. in Quaritch's Catal. Oct. (1909) 28 To sett in a dark room.1904 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Feb. 193/2 Unless you have..seen him..‘sett’ the game he fetches. β. northern Middle English seit, Middle English seitt, Middle English sete. (Cf. 2 δ. forms, 3 η. forms.)a1300 Cursor Mundi 1177 I sal seit on þi mi merk.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 6060 To seitt him soru at his hert.1455 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 215 I sete vij marcs to a preste to syng a yere for me.c1480 (a1400) St. Katherine 27 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 443 Quhar all þe folk..he mycht seit opynly and see. γ. Middle English sitt, Middle English sitte, Middle English syte, 1500s–1600s sit. (Cf. 2 ζ. forms.)a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 1580 Þe schame, þe sin,..To tell war lang to sitt [Fairf. 14 syte] aboute.14.. in J. Gairdner Sailing Direct. (1889) 18 Be ware of your stremes of flode for they sitten north est on the Iron groundes.c1420 Sir Amadace (Camden) xxxiv Men sittus ryȝte noȝte him bye.1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 57 Sittand thair strenth thy word againe.a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) i. iii. 130 Shall we sit about some Reuels?1683 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 82 For sitting up of Bouyes in the River and Bay. b. 2nd singular indicative Old English settes (northern), Old English–1500s settis, Old English– settest, Middle English settist, Middle English settyst, 1500s–1600s setst, 1500s–1600s settst. c825 Vesp. Ps. xx. 4 Ðu settes heafde his beg of stane deorwyrðum.c950 Lindisf. Gosp. John xiii. 38 Saul ðin fore mec ðu settis [Rushw. setes].c1000 Ags. Ps. lxxiii. 16 Þu dæg settest.c1400 Melayne 988 Thou settis more by a littill golde,..Þan to fighte one goddes foo.1411 in 26 Pol. Poems 43 Þou settest at nouȝt, y bouȝt so dere.c1460 Wisdom 927 in Macro Plays 66 Why werkyst þou hys consell? by myn settis lyght?a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 121 When þow settyst a pipe abroche.1535 Bible (Coverdale) Job vii. 17 What is man that thou..settest so moch by him?1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos i. sig. C.jv My son, that of the thonderblastes of hye Ioue settst but light.1562 J. Heywood Three Hundred Epigrammes (new ed.) in Wks. sig. Riii Shall I set at my hart, that thou settst [1555 setst] at thy heele?1611 Bible (King James) Deut. xxiii. 20 In all that thou settest thine hand to.1682 J. Dryden Mac Flecknoe 13 With what e're Gall thou sets thy self to write. c. 3rd singular indicative.α. Old English–Middle English seteþ (Anglian), Old English–Middle English setteþ, Middle English setteth, Middle English setteþþ, Middle English zetteþ, Middle English–1500s settith, Middle English–1500s settyth. c825 Vesp. Psalter ciii. 3 Se seteð wolcen upstige his.c975 Rushw. Gosp. Matt. xxiv. 51 Dæl his [he] seteþ mið liceterum.c1000 Ags. Ps. lxxxiv. 12 And on weg setteð wise gangas.c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7821 Drihhtin setteþþ i þin þohht. God dede to biginnenn.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 6 Huo þet ine þise þinges agelteþ zetteþ zuo moche hire herte..[etc.].c1450 Mirk's Festial 283 Ȝe settyth noght by no worldely worschyp.1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Iiii He settethe nothynge by yt.1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1664) 169 Let Christ (as it setteth him well) have all the glory. β. Old English–Middle English set, Old English–Middle English sett, Middle English sæt, Middle English zet (Kent). c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxv. §4 Þæt hehste god, ðæt..hit eall set.a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 963 Nan man buton se abbot ane, & þam þe he þærto sæt.c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 179 Gief he him set a speche.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 7 Ine þe stede of þe sabat..zet holi cherche þane sonday to loky.c1400 Rom. Rose 4925 Youthe sett man in all folye.1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. xxxvi. 191 Man be-hettith woman loue when he Set the Ring on hir fynger. γ. Old English (Northumberland) Middle English settes, Middle English sattys, Middle English setis, Middle English settus, Middle English–1500s settis (northern), Middle English–1500s settys, 1500s– sets, 1500s– setts. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxiv. 51 Dal his [he] settes mið legerum.1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 182 Þe..king..þere-on settus his sel.a1400–50 Wars Alex. 1221 Sampson on anothire side setis out belyue.14.. Erthe upon Erthe (1911) 32/4 How erthe vpon erthe sattys all at noght.?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 579 He saies he settes here þat he fande.a1586 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David (1823) ciii. ii He setts thee free.a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. iv. 70 And consequently setts downe the manner how.a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iii. i. 270 Which he so sets at naught.1807 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Essex II. xiii. 334 At this Michælmas (1805) he setts 2000. d. Imperative (a) singular Old English sett (Northumberland), Old English–Middle English sete, Middle English zete, Middle English–1500s sett, Middle English–1500s sette, Middle English– set; (b) plural Old English settaþ, Middle English setteþ, Middle English settis (northern), Middle English settith. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. ix. 18 On sett hond ofer hia [Rushw. gesette].971 Blickl. Hom. 87 Sete nu þin wuldres tacn in helle.c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 542 Settað eornostlice on eowerum heortum þæt [etc.].c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13584 Setteð [c1300 Otho wendeþ] heom after.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1847 Þu..irum al þat lond. and sete hit Cordoille an hond.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 254 Zete ane brydel to þine couaytises.1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. 622 But manly set þe world on sixe and seuene.1410 in 26 Pol. Poems 37 Among seyntes þy soule sete. ▸ c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 257 Lord,..sette thou me bisidis thee.c1450 Mirk's Festial 139 Castys don þes mawmetys..and settyþe þer a cros.1482 Monk of Evesham 27 Settith before vs the bred.1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xi. 563 Beis nocht abasit..Bot settis speris ȝow befor.1535 Bible (Coverdale) Coloss. iii. A Set youre mynde on the thinges which are aboue. 2. Past tense.α. Old English–Middle English sætte, Old English–1500s sette, Middle English seate, Middle English sete, Middle English zette, Middle English–1600s sett, Middle English– set. OE Guthlac A 434 Guðlac sette hyht in heofonas, hælu getreowde, hæfde feonda feng feore gedyged.c975 Rushw. Gosp. John xx. 15 Sæge hræðe me hwer ðu settes hine.OE Beowulf 325 Setton sæmeþe side scyldas..wið þæs recedes wael.a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1086 He sætte mycel deorfrið.c1160 Hatton Gosp. Luke xix. 21 Þu nymst þæt þu ne settst.a1175 Cott. Hom. 221 God him sette nama adam.c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (Rolls) 2086 Gwyndolene a child had þan,..When tyme was, [she] set hit to boke.c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 208 Wher-to, my modir, settist þou me on þi knees,..and rokkid me, and fed me?a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4175 Siþen þai settam [= sett þam] dun and ete.c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 509 He sette noght his benefice to hyre.a1561 G. Cavendish Metrical Visions (1980) 184 Thou didest me avaunce And settest me vppe in thys great pompe and pryde.1579 S. Gosson Apol. Schoole of Abuse in Ephemerides Phialo f. 82v The same proposition..which I sette downe before.c1610–15 Life Holie Helena in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 35 Some she sett out of prison.1685 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 441 The Jeweller and Gooldsmith who set the Jewells. β. Middle English–1800s sat, Middle English–1800s sate. Frequent in inferior writers of the second half of the 18th c., esp. in intr. senses.c1420 Master of Oxf. Catech. in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 231 C[lerk] Who sat first vines? M[aister] Noe set the first vines.1430–40 J. Lydgate tr. Bochas Fall of Princes (1558) viii. xv. 10 Theodose..Smote of his heed, and sate [1494, 1554 set] it on the gate.a1547 in Fosbrooke Econ. Mon. Life (1796) 84 She sate forward aft[er] masse.1566 T. Nuce tr. Octavia (1581) f. 183 That..rage..Sate them agog.1677 W. Hubbard Narrative II. 66 We sate Sayle.1716 B. Church Entertaining Passages Philip's War i. 36 The fore-most sat down his load and halted.1742–3 Observ. Methodists 19 The Lord sat his Banner over us.1755 J. Shebbeare Lydia (1769) II. 74 Like Yorick, he often sat the table on a roar.1756 W. Toldervy Hist. Two Orphans I. 109 The coach being ready, the ladies..sate out for the hall.1790 C. M. Graham Lett. Educ. 318 The example which the king and his courtiers sat.1808 ‘H. St. Victor’ Ruins of Rigonda I. 186 He then sat before them some dried fruits.1824 H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. 1st Ser. III. 137 (note) The Prince and Marquis..sate out with the names of Thomas and John Smith.1843 J. C. Frémont Rep. 25 Aug. in D. Jackson & M. L. Spence Exped. J. C. Frémont (1970) I. 482 I sat out on my return to the camp. γ. dialect 1700s–1800s sot, 1700s–1800s zot (south-western). 1776 T. Hutchinson Diary 5 June (1886) II. 67 I sot out from Falmouth this morning.1803 M. Charlton Wife & Mistress (ed. 2) II. 51 Dolly informed her that she was to depart the next day..because, as the caravan sot off by five in the morning, they should not catch her travelling before day~light.a1855 W. T. Spurdens Forby's Vocab. E. Anglia (1858) III. 47 Sot, ‘I sot it down’.1857 C. Kingsley Two Years Ago III. 161 If ever he sot a foot here!1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. at Set the back of Zot his back up purty well. δ. northern Old English seton (plural), Middle English seit, Middle English sete, Middle English 1700s–1800s seet, Middle English 1700s–1800s seete. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Mark xv. 19 Seton cnewa.] a1300 Cursor Mundi 2442 Þar he seit first his auter stan.a1400–50 Wars Alex. 4654 For many seerties we seet þat sysed all þe werde.1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) iii. 394 And certane tyme till him he sete [rhyme meite].?1748 ‘T. Bobbin’ View Lancs. Dial. (ed. 2) 26 Then they aw seete ogen meh. ε. Middle English settede, Middle English settid, Middle English settide, Middle English settyd, Middle English–1500s setted, 1500s settit (Scottish), 1500s zetted (dialect (south-western)). Frequent in Caxton. ▸ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Isa. liii. 3 Wherfore ne wee setteden by hym. ▸ c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 530 Crist..settid the lawe of hise sacramentis to the seid lawe of kinde.1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) ix. 245 Reynawde setted noughte by his lyffe.c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1901) I. Matt. iv. 5 The feend..settit him on the pynacile of the tempile.1582 T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones iii. 330 O heauenlie King, who..settedst me in the regall throne.1888 B. Lowsley Gloss. Berks. Words & Phrases 12 I zetted. ζ. Middle English sitt. (Cf. 1a γ. forms.)a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5058 And þan on bink he sitt him bi [Fairf. sete, Gött. sett, Trin. Cambr. set]. 3. Past participle.α. Old English gesæt, Old English geset, Old English gesett, Middle English hii-sette, Middle English hi-sette, Middle English isæt ( Lay.), Middle English iset, Middle English i-sete, Middle English isett, Middle English isette (infl.), Middle English isette, Middle English izet (Kent), Middle English ysett, Middle English ysett, Middle English ysette, Middle English yzet (Kent), Middle English (1500s–1600s archaic) yset. c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xi. §2 Þa gesælða þe ge oninnan iow habbað..geset.c1050 Ags. Hom. (Assmann) 183 Hys flæsc wearð eall gesett.c1175 Lamb. Hom. 11 Þas daȝes beoð iset us to muchele helpe.?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 304 Þeos riche ancres þetilieð oðer habbeð rentes isette.c1330 Arth. & Merl. 9 Childer, þat ben to boke ysett.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 167 Erþan hi by yzet ope þet bord. a1440 Sir Degrev. 1373 Swythe chayres was i-sete And quyschonis of vyolete.c1450 Godstow Reg. 491/11 In tymys I-sette.?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 1 My seruice wel ysette and quitte.1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. iii. sig. C6v The stone therein yset.1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 387 With words in forme yset. β. Old English–1800s sett, Middle English cette, Middle English sette (infl.), Middle English–1500s sette, Middle English– set, Middle English– zet (dialect (south-western)). c1000 Ags. Ps. cxliii. 14 Settum beamum.1128 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) Fulle feoht was sett betwenen ða Cristene & þa heðene.c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Ded. l. 101 Wiþþ all swillc rime alls her iss sett.a1300 Havelok 2612 Þe helmes heye on heued sette.1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 189 She shal noght to any be sette Withoutyn leue of my maumette.c1340 Nominale (Skeat) 850 Henne is set.a1400–50 Wars Alex. 179 Sen it is sett to be soo.c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 67/2 Cette, or putt.1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 34 I haue not sette by golde ne siluer.1607 Statutes in M. H. Peacock Hist. Free Gram. School Wakefield (1892) 59 All partialitie sett apart.1719 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 62 To be sett out so as not to prjudice the highway.1746 Exmoor Scolding (ed. 3) ii. 12 When tha art zet agog.1757 R. Robertson Let. in J. Russell Haigs of Bemersyde (1881) 359 All your neighbours are sett to be upon you.1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 140 To make a sett near to another that cannot be sett on any more. γ. Old English geseted (Anglian), Old English gesetet (Anglian), Old English gesetted (Anglian), Old English gesettet (Anglian), Middle English settyt, 1500s settit, 1800s zetted (dialect). c825 Vesp. Ps. ii. 6 Ic soðlice geseted ic eam cyning.c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. iii. xviii. §1 Þa wilnade he liif onhyrgan, þe he wel geseted geseah in Gallia rice.c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Mark iv. 21 Gesetted bið, ponatur.c1520 M. Nisbet New Test. in Scots (1901) I. Luke xix. 21 Thou takis away that that thou has nocht settit.?1533 G. Du Wes Introductorie for to lerne Frenche sig. Cci v The soule vegetable..is setted within the myght elemented.1888 B. Lowsley Gloss. Berks. Words & Phrases 12 Zetted. δ. Old English gesatted (Northumberland), Middle English isat, Middle English sate, Middle English satte, 1500s–1600s sat. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. John xx. 6 Ða linne hræglo gesattedo vel asetedo, linteamina posita.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 15087 Þe dæi wes isæt [c1300 Otho iset].14.. Three Chron. (Camden) 77 Sir Baudwyns hede caryed to Excester and sate upon the castell yate.14.. Tundale's Vis. (Wagner) 2031 A crowne..satte aboute..Wyth precious stones.1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course iv. f. 47v To be sat at their ease.a1695 A. Wood Life ann. 1683 (1772) II. 324 In the Pump below the Star Inn was a Tub sat. ε. dialect 1800s a-sot, 1800s sot, 1800s zot. (See Eng. Dial. Dict.)1836 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker (1839) xxi. 76 To get it sot to rights.1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. at Set up He's a quiet sort of a man like till he's a zot up. ζ. Old English geseten, Middle English settyn, 1500s settin, 1800s setten. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Luke Pref. 9 Geseteno mið bisene, positaque similitudine.1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope i. xvi Of euery one I am setten aback.1567 R. Sempill Deeclaratioun Lordis Iust Quarrell (single sheet) Quhen faceles fuillis sall not be settin by.1887 D. Donaldson Jamieson's Sc. Dict. Suppl. Setten... This old part. form is still used by the common people.1889 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (ed. 2) Setten up. η. Middle English seeit, Middle English seete, Middle English seit, Middle English seyt, Middle English–1500s sete, 1800s seet. a1300 Cursor Mundi 1166 Mi sin me has seit in vnsell.c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 74 Goddis curs is seit at nouȝt.c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 174 Here herte is seeit to loue his muk.c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 451 Holy Chirche is seet in virtues and good lif.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 20179 Has he sete me ani dai?c1420 Sir Amadas (Weber) 370 Full mykyll seyt by. ▸ c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 3 Thei hem silf..ben despisid and ben not seet bi.1488 in C. Innes Registrum Episcopatus Aberdonensis (1845) I. 320 The said reuerend fadir..has seit and to male lattin..þe saidis landis.1584 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 21 Payed for a horce showe wch was sete on in Chorlaye iijs. Signification. I. To cause to sit, seat; to be seated, sit.The intransitive sense ‘to sit’ (5) was apparently developed out of the reflexive and passive uses of the original transitive sense of ‘to seat’. Set, being thus used synonymously with sit, became capable of taking its other senses and constructions (see 5d, 5e, 6, 7). 1. a. transitive. To place in a sitting posture; to cause to occupy a seat; to seat.This sense is barely exemplified outside certain phraseological expressions, e.g. to set on a seat, a throne, on horseback, etc., in which the sense ‘cause to sit’ is now lost sight of. (Prov. to set a beggar on horseback: to give an undeserving person an advantage which he will misuse.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of sitting > sit on [verb (transitive)] > seat or cause to sit setc888 settleOE sitc1300 to set downa1470 siegea1500 seat1623 plotz1969 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. viii. §5 Þu settest us on þæt setl ðines sceoppendes. 1130 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) Þa munecas..setten him on þes abbotes settle. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7023 Þe king..sætte hine bi him-seoluen. 1300–1400 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) App. xx. 446 To king he was iblessed..& iset in trone. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xii. 198 Riȝt as sum man ȝeue me mete and sette me amydde þe flore. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur iii. ii. 101 The Bisshop of Caunterbury..sette the viij and xx knyghtes in her syeges. 1485 Device Coronation Henry VII in W. Jerdan Rutland Papers (1842) 19 The King..shalbe sett a gayn in his chair befor the high aulter. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 712/1 Come hyther, Kate, and I wyll set the on my lappe, and daunce the. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 713/1 In the stede of a good man we set a shrewe upon the benche. 1607 T. Middleton Revengers Trag. i. sig. B2 Dut. Nay set you a horse back once, Youle nere light off. Spu. Indeed I am a beggar. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy ii. iii. ii. 395 Set a beggar on horseback, and he will ride a gallop. 1660 N. Ingelo Bentivolio & Urania iv. 259 Having set the two Ladies..upon two green Seats. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables lxx. 69 They..Set Boys upon the Back on't [a camel]. 1735 S. Johnson tr. J. Lobo Voy. Abyssinia 132 Who setting us upon Camels, conducted us to Mazna. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > advise [verb (transitive)] > deliberate on > cause to seta1122 a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 675 Ða heot seo kining þone ærcebiscop Theodorus þæt he scolde setton ealle gewitenemot æt þone stede þæt man cleopeð Heatfelde. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 591 The king a parlyament Gert set tharefter hastely. 1560 Inchaffray Charters (S.H.S.) 167 With power to gar set and affirme courte or courtis. c. To put (a hen) to sit on eggs. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping birds > poultry-keeping > rear poultry [verb (transitive)] > cause hen to sit setc1440 sit1805 c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 575 What wommon connot sette an hen obrood And bringe her briddis forth? ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xlix Whan they waxe broudy, to set them there as no beestes..hurt them. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 710/2 I will set sixe hennes a brodyng agaynst this Marche. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 191 The best Age to set a Hen for Chickens, is from two years old to five. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 709 It is not an unusual practice to set a hen at any time of the day. 1867 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 2nd Ser. 3 522 I never set less than three hens at one time. d. To cause (a bird) to perch. ΚΠ 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 710/2 I set a hauke on her perche, je perche... Go set my hauke on her perche. 1864 R. Browning James Lee's Wife iii. i The swallow has set her six young on the rail. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or act of kneeling > kneel or assume kneeling posture [verb (reflexive)] setc1250 kneelc1430 c1250 Meid Maregrete lxvii Malchus herde thes wordes, he sette him acne. a1300 K. Horn 781 He sette him a knewelyng. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 1211 On knes ful fayre he hem setten. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 455 Doun I sette me on myn kne. 3. reflexive. To seat oneself, take a seat, sit down. (Most frequently to set oneself down: see to set down 9 at Phrasal verbs 2.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of sitting > sit down [verb (reflexive)] siteOE seta1300 to sit downa1393 to set downa1400 seat1589 swapa1592 bench1608 pitch1844 a1300 K. Horn 1475 He sette him on þe benche His harpe for to clenche. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 608 After to þe souper alle and some..þey hym sette. c1500 Melusine (1895) 154 My doughter, sette you here by me. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 5092 Þerfore set you full sone. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 12214 He..set hym to ground. a1586 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David (1823) ix. ii Setting thy self, in throne which shined bright, Of judging right. 4. a. passive. To be seated. (See also to set down 9b at Phrasal verbs 2.) ΚΠ c1330 Arth. & Merl. 6516 Afterward her compeinie Was yset,..& next hem..Sat þe kniȝtes of þe rounde table. c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 62 Þe men weren sette as it were fyve þousand. c1410 Sir Cleges 469 The kynge was sett in his parlor, Wyth myrth solas and onor. 1503 in Lett. Richard III & Henry VII (1861) I. 192 Next the..Saxon, the marques of Brandeburgh..bisshop of Laufenburgh were sett. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1711 When þe souerayne was set in a sete rioll. 1553 T. Wilson Arte Rhetorique (1580) 156 It so fortuned that as thei were set, the Italian knockt at the Gate. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 386 The Queen of Furies by their sides is set. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §305 Most of the workmen were set round the fire. 1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond II. xv. 314 Most of the party were set to cards. 1875 E. A. Freeman in W. R. W. Stephens Life & Lett. E. A. Freeman (1895) II. 254 Soft chairs, in which, when one is once set, it is hard to get up again. b. To be seated to partake of a meal (to meat, at or to dinner, etc.). Obsolete or archaic.Partly a spec. use of preceding, partly a true passive of sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > eat [verb (intransitive)] > sit at table set13.. 13.. K. Alis. 538 To the mete they weoren y-set. c1440 Generydes 387 The Kyng was sette and serued in the hall. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Chron. (1812) I. 396 He..was set at the table to eate some meate. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 183 Quhen thay war seruit and set to the Suppar. 1596 T. Danett tr. P. de Commynes Hist. iv. vii. 131 After the King was set to diner. 1633 P. Massinger New Way to pay Old Debts iii. ii. sig. G4 I play the foole To stand here prating, and forget my dinner. Are they set Marrall? 1777 H. Brooke Fool of Quality (rev. ed.) V. xvii. 205 When they were again set to dinner, the page entered. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > give advice [verb (intransitive)] > be seated for deliberation set1390 the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of sitting > be sitting or seated [verb (intransitive)] > for specific purpose > for deliberation or judgement set1390 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 249 Whan the Court is set. c1400 Pety Job 422 in 26 Pol. Poems 134 Thou shalt me call at domesday, When thow art set on iugement. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. clxxxjv After that thei [sc. the Legates] wer set..their Commission was redde. 1592 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. iii. sig. F2 Bring forth the Prisoner, for the Court is set. 1631 B. Jonson Staple of Newes iii. i. 41 in Wks. II Is the examiner set? a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1671 (1955) III. 579 We tooke all our Places..being all set, our Patent was read. d. Of a rabbit: To be resting. ΚΠ 1801 J. Strutt Glig-gamena Angel-ðeod i. i. 17 A hare [was said to be] formed, a rabbit set. 1817 J. Mayer Sportsman's Direct. (ed. 2) 195 The stag is said to be harboured,..the hare formed, the rabbit set, the marten-cat treed. 5. a. intransitive. To sit, be seated. (Sometimes, as in 4b, 4c, with spec. reference to partaking of a meal or sitting in judgement, etc.). Now U.S., dialect or colloquial. (See also to set down 9c at Phrasal verbs 2.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of sitting > be sitting or seated [verb (intransitive)] asitOE sitOE setc1275 to sit down1659 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 11434 A bord swiðe hende. þat þer maȝen sitten [c1300 Otho sitte] to sixtene hundred & ma. c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1978) l. 9832 Here-vte setteþ [c1275 Calig. sitteð] six men. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xiii. vii. 620 And soo after vpon that to souper, and euery knyȝt sette in his owne place. c1480 (a1400) Prol. 132 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 5 Quhen at he suld sit in sege of maieste, þai twelf suld set with hym-self. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xvi. 377 He made theim to set vpon a benche. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 713/2 I set hyest, or upper moste in a companye, je preside. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 5095 Þen set þai sone, as said hom the kyng. 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. K Such men as..set on the pillory for..periurie. 1658 Sir T. Browne Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall iv. 65 They may set in the Orchestra, and noblest Seats of Heaven. 1662 B. Gerbier Brief Disc. Princ. Building 30 The King and Queen only remaining..setting under the Cloath of State. 1788 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) II. 385 It is very possible that the President and the new Congress may be setting at New York. 1825 R. P. Ward Tremaine I. xxiii. 173 He had set upon tenter-hooks during the whole conversation. 1845 C. Dickens Chimes i. 30 You must always go and be a settin on our steps, must you! 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lv. 490 I'm thinkin' if I set here until I'm paid my wages, I shall set a precious long time, Mrs. Raggles; and set I will, too. 1884 C. H. Smith Bill Arp's Scrap Bk. vi. 74 Lawyers and doctors have to set about town. 1897 T. Watts-Dunton Aylwin vii. ii When you two was a-settin' by the pool, a-eatin' the breakfiss. 1913 H. Kephart Our Southern Highlanders xiii. 298 ‘Come in and set.’ ‘Cain't stop long.’ 1938 M. K. Rawlings Yearling i. 12 ‘If a feller'd light me a candle,’ she said, ‘I'd git shut o' the dishwashin' and mebbe have time to set and enjoy myself.’ 1974 P. De Vries Glory of Hummingbird (1975) iii. 37 Lolly came almost every evening to set a spell. b. Of a hen: To sit upon eggs. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > hen or cock > [verb (intransitive)] > sit on eggs (of hen) to sit on brood or a-broodc1275 set1587 1587 J. Hooker Chron. Ireland 153/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II That Romish cockatrice, which a long time had set abrood vpon hir egs, had now hatched hir chickins. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Oeuvé, layed, or set on, as an egge. 1721 R. Bradley Philos. Acct. Wks. Nature 85 Stopping when they have laid as many as they can set upon. 1726 R. Bradley Country Gentleman & Farmer's Monthly Director 31 Chuse the old Hens to set upon the Eggs, for they will set close. 1840 F. D. Bennett Narr. Whaling Voy. I. 371 The boobies..that were ‘setting hard’, as the schoolboys say,..screamed..on our approach. c. To become lodged upon. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > be arrested or intercepted in progress > by mud, bog, or sand stablec1571 mire?1590 to be bogged1743–7 boga1800 set1869 founder1875 1869 E. J. Reed Shipbuilding i. 16 Sand is the worst description of ground for a ship to set on as it forms a curved base. 1887 G. B. Goode Fisheries U.S.: Hist. & Methods II. 540 The first thing found out was that the floating spawn would not attach itself to, or ‘set’ (in the vernacular of the shore) upon, anything which had not a clean surface. d. transferred and figurative. = sit v. 5, 6, Phrases 4. Now dialect or colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > be permanent [verb (intransitive)] > remain, continue > in specified state ofstandeOE atstandc1000 goOE standOE containc1380 perseverec1380 contunec1400 to hold inc1400 setc1400 remain?a1450 continue1503 stay1570 keepc1600 subsista1616 c1400 Rule St. Benet (Verse) 317 Þam..Þat for godes sake here sett Vnder þe band of Sant Benett. 1482 in H. E. Malden Cely Papers (1900) 121 They off Gaunte hath sent to the Inglysch naschon and to Dutch naschon..commaundyng them to sett styll..and entermete wt noo party. 1536 in T. Wright Three Chapters Lett. Suppression Monasteries (1843) 113 The emperor him selfe was glad to sett still. 1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 514 That which setteth neerest hir husbands hart. 1592 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. iii. sig. F3 O monstrous times, where murders set so light. 1651 J. Howell S.P.Q.V. 2 The Eastern Emperors have divers times set upon her skirts [see skirt n. 3]. 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 34 Setting full as close to the very stamp or inmostness of a thinking Being, as [etc.]. 1803 Forest of Hohenelbe iii. 103 A disappointment that ought not to set very heavily on her mind. 1892 Harper's Mag. Dec. 22/1 The cat ate a rat, and it did not set well on her stomach. e. To have a certain set or hang; to sit (well or ill, tightly or loosely, etc.). Cf. sit v. 22a(a). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [verb (intransitive)] > sit or hang sita1393 set1804 the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > styles of hair > be in a style (of hair) [verb (intransitive)] set1804 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [verb (intransitive)] > have a certain hang set1892 1804 tr. J. H. F. La Martelière Three Gil Blas II. 95 Your new clothes, which do not by any means set so well upon you. 1861 Temple Bar 3 250 To make the artificial hair curl and set naturally to the head. 1878 G. H. Napheys Physical Life Woman 205 A body-case of strong linen..setting snugly to the form. a1882 J. P. Quincy Figures of Past (1883) 129 His brown wig, which set low upon his forehead. 1887 Lady V. 46 Sleeves lined with stiff or harsh linings never set well. 1892 Field 2 July 30/1 Her sail did not set at all well. 6. a. transitive. To become, befit, suit. Chiefly Scottish (in modern use often ironical). ΚΠ a1505 R. Henryson Garmont Gud Ladeis 40 in Poems (1981) 163 Scho woir nevir grene nor gray That set hir half so weill. ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 46 How it settis him!— so syde to sege of sic materis. c1560 A. Scott Poems (S.T.S.) iv. 41 It settis not madynis als To latt men lowis thair lace. 1606 W. Arthur & H. Charteris Rollock's Lect. 1st & 2nd Epist. Paul to Thessalonians (1 Thess.) xvi. 190 It is ouer sore to a Gentleman to doe that, it settes him not. 1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1664) 55 It sets him well howbeit he be young, to make Christ his garland. 1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iv. i It sets him weel To yoke a plough where Patrick thought to till! 1814 W. Scott Waverley II. vii. 125 It wad better set you to be nursing the gudeman's bairns than to be deaving us here. View more context for this quotation 1827 T. Carlyle tr. E. T. W. Hoffmann in German Romance II. 241 How prettily the lace cap sets her. 1860 G. J. Whyte-Melville Holmby House II. xxi. 301 It set him well now, a worn and broken man, to be taking thought of his looks like a girl. 1891 J. M. Barrie Little Minister I. ii. 30 Gavin,..do you think this bonnet sets me? b. Also said of the person with regard to clothing, etc. ΚΠ 1892 Longman's Mag. Nov. 59 Mysie..was a pretty creature, ‘setting’, in Scottish phrase, everything she wore. 7. To sit (a horse); = sit v. 14a. rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride (a horse or other animal) [verb (transitive)] sit1542 saddle1551 carry1613 endorsea1637 set1648 1648 N. Ward To Parl. at Westm. 11 It will try how the new Riders will set the saddle. 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 248. ⁋1 She set her horse with a very graceful air. II. To sink, descend. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > decrease in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (intransitive)] littleOE setc1000 wanzec1175 lessc1225 allayc1275 wane1297 slaken1303 disincreasec1374 slakec1380 decrease1382 debatea1400 unwaxa1400 wastea1400 adminishc1400 lessenc1400 imminish14.. aslakec1405 minish?a1425 assuagec1430 shrinkc1449 to let down1486 decay1489 diminish1520 fall1523 rebate1540 batea1542 to come down1548 abate1560 stoop1572 pine1580 slack1580 scanten1585 shrivel1588 decrew1596 remit1629 contract1648 subside1680 lower1697 relax1701 drop1730 to take off1776 to run down1792 reduce1798 recede1810 to run off1816 to go down1823 attenuatea1834 ease1876 downscale1945 c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 86 Nim fyrs..& lege uppa þat geswollene & hyt sceal sona settan. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 201 Þe swalm schal setten. 9. a. Of the sun or other luminary: To go down; to make an apparent descent towards and below the horizon. (Conjugated, like other intr. verbs of motion, with either be or have.)Not in Old English: cf. Old Norse setjask. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > movement of heavenly bodies > move [verb (intransitive)] > set setc1300 descendc1392 declinec1430 resconse1503 stoop?1615 the world > time > day and night > day or daytime > evening > become evening [verb (intransitive)] > set (of sun) setc1300 c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2671 So þat þei nouth ne blinne, Til þat to sette bigan þe sunne. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 3050 Als sone as þe son hup soght þe slaghter begynnys, And to sett was þe same sesytt þai neuer. c1440 Alphabet of Tales 74 Þou sall dye or þe son sett. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. xv. sig. Z4 The Sun was readie to set. 1613 G. Chapman Memorable Maske Inns of Court sig. a2v The ruddy Sunne was seen ready to set. 1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated i. x. 220 With them all the stars ęqually set & rise. 1787 A. Young Jrnl. 10 June in Trav. France (1792) i. 18 The sun, on the point of being set. 1816 W. Scott Black Dwarf vi, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. I. 119 The sun setting red. 1823 F. D. Hemans Siege Valencia i. 121 Till the last pale star had set. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre I. v. 68 The moon was set, and it was very dark. 1874 C. M. Yonge Cameos cxix, in Monthly Packet Feb. 109 The sun had long been set. b. Of the day: To come to its close. poetic. ΘΚΠ the world > time > day and night > day or daytime > [verb (intransitive)] > come to an end set1604 to shut in1623 pink1879 1604 M. Drayton Moyses ii. 48 Euery minute is a day and night That breakes and sets in twinkling of an eie. 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist ii. ii. sig. D2 The euening will set red, vpon you, Sir. View more context for this quotation 1838 S. Bellamy Betrayal 67 The third day Had set upon the sepulchre. c. figurative. To decline, wane. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > be in adversity [verb (intransitive)] > fall from prosperous or thriving condition afalleOE wanec1000 fallOE ebba1420 to go backward?a1425 to go down?1440 decay1483 sink?a1513 delapsea1530 reel1529 decline1530 to go backwards1562 rue1576 droop1577 ruina1600 set1607 lapse1641 to lose ground1647 to go to pigs and whistles1794 to come (also go) down in the world1819 to peg out1852 to lose hold, one's balance1877 to go under1879 toboggan1887 slip1930 to turn down1936 1607 T. Middleton Revengers Trag. v. sig. I4v May not we set as well as the Dukes sonne. 1611 Second Maiden's Trag. (1909) iii. i. 41 And rise againe in health, to set in shame? a1627 T. Middleton Chast Mayd in Cheape-side (1630) v. 65 Your malice sets in death, does it not Sir? 1654 Z. Coke Art of Logick Ep. Ded. sig. a6v Having absolved your courses through the Zodiac of praise-worthy Actions, you wil set laden with Lustre. 1812 W. Scott Let. 4 Apr. (1932) III. 101 She should have no twilight but set in the full possession of her powers. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. Hist. Eng. III. 282 The British Empire in India seemed setting in fire and blood. 1892 Argosy June 496 The glory of Egypt seemed to have set. ΚΠ 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1555) xxi. 99 Quadrant it was, and did heve and sette At every storme whan the wind was great. 1574 W. Bourne Regim. for Sea (1577) vi. 26 The Sea..causeth the shippe to heaue, and sette little or much. 1630 J. Winthrop Hist. New Eng. (1825) (modernized text) I. 9 This day the ship heaved and set more than before. 1674 W. Petty Disc. before Royal Soc. 60 If the said water be so rough, as that the Vessel heavs and sets. III. To put (more or less permanently) in a definite place. * Where the manner of the action is implied in the verb itself. a. transitive. To place on or as on a foundation; to build, erect; = to set up at Phrasal verbs 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > build or construct [verb (transitive)] > on or as on a foundation setOE superedify1558 superstruct1642 OE Crist I 356 Þu ærest wære mid þone ecan frean sylf settende þas sidan gesceaft. OE Genesis 1881 Ongunnon..heora burh ræran, and sele settan. a1300 K. Horn 1395 Strong castel he let sette. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 562 Ðat arche..Set and limed a-gen ðe flood. c1330 Arth. & Merl. 1238 For mi blod no worþ it þe bet, Neuer more þe bet yset. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 20902 Quen he of antioche had fund þe kirk, and graytli set on grund. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 1649 Godis awen temple, Þat of sir Salamon þe sage sett was & foundid. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 4305 And þat sullepe sire at sett all þe werde, In him we lely beleue & in na laȝe ellis. 1470 Little Red Bk. Bristol (1900) II. 133 A litill newe howse..is bild and sett vpon the Comyn grond in the hye strete iij fote. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1689 Qwhen this Citie was set & full sure made. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > high position > position upon > be upon something [verb (intransitive)] to sit on ——eOE leanOE restOE to sit upon ——c1300 set1570 insist1598 seat1607 inside1657 repose1799 1570 H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. vi. f. 173v If from a parallelogramme be taken away a parallelograme like vnto the whole and in like sorte set. 1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements i. 30 Triangles..set upon equall bases. 12. a. To put (a shoot or young plant) into the ground to grow; to plant (a tree, also by extension, a vineyard, flowers, a crop). Also, less usually, to plant (seed) by hand, as opposed to sowing; sometimes said of the plant; formerly also, †to cause to grow from seed (of a kernel). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > planting > plant plants [verb (transitive)] setc725 planteOE impc1420 enroot1490 implant1610 to put in1657 to plant out1664 to put out1699 to stop in1826 to put down1865 the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > sowing > sow seed [verb (transitive)] > cause to grow from seed set1602 c725 Corpus Gloss. P 13 Pastinare, settan. OE Genesis 1558 Ða Noe..wingeard sette, seow sæda fela. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 278 Ȝe beoð ȝunge ympen iset igodes orhȝeart. a1300 Cursor Mundi 1015 Treis o frut þan es þarsett Þat serekin vertu has at ette. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1278 Abraham..tillede corn and sette treen. c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 14 His appultreen, what hour Best is to sette. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xl If the hege be of ten or twelfe yeres growyng syth it was first sette. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 713/2 I have set rosemarye and sage ynough in my gardayne. 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Sertor, he that soweth seedes or settethe herbes. 1572 L. Mascall tr. D. Brossard L'Art et Maniere de Semer vi, in Bk. Plant & Graffe Trees 38 Yee ought to transplant or sette your trees, from Alhalowtide vnto Marche. 1602 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. iii. sig. H3 This was the tree; I set it of a kiernnell. 1612 A. Hopton Concordancy of Yeares (1615) 112 The time [December] is good..to set beanes, pease, &c. a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iv. 100 Ile not put The Dible in earth, to set one slip of them. View more context for this quotation 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. iii. §2 To order his trees, and set his flowers. 1767 A. Young Farmer's Lett. 154 Those trees which are propagated by..setting shoots. 1820 J. Keats Isabella in Lamia & Other Poems 75 She..cover'd it with mould, and o'er it set Sweet Basil. 1830 Examiner 796/1 The seed is to be set by hand. 1890 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 148 717/1 If a man sets potatoes in wet bog. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > planting > plant or replant [verb (intransitive)] replant1572 set1690 to plant out1793 c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. vi. 26 Ne settas vel sauues non serunt. 1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 912 For to sowe & to sette in þe sad erthe. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. vii. 6 Alle þat halpe hym to erie to sette or to sowe. ?a1586 A. Montgomerie Misc. Poems xxxi. 17 I sau, I sett—no flour nor fruit I find. 1690 R. Lucas Humane Life 245 Idleness..never ploughs nor sows..it never plants nor sets. c. transferred and figurative. ΚΠ OE Cynewulf Crist II 663 Eac monigfealde modes snyttru seow ond sette geond sefan monna. a1325 Prose Psalter xliii. 3 Þyn honde desparplist þe folk, and þou settest hem. a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 51 Suete Iesu,..in myn huerte þou sete a rote of þi loue. c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (1868) ii. pr. v. 48 It is þan so þat ye men ne han no propre goode I-set in ȝow. c1425 Cast. Persev. 1011 in Macro Plays And þorwe Mankynde we settyn & sowe þe dedly synnys seuene. ?1533 G. Du Wes Introductorie for to lerne Frenche sig. Cci v The soule vegetable..is setted within the myght elemented. 1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 75 Fayre women are sette thicke but they come vppe thinne. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > propagation of plants > propagate [verb (transitive)] > a cutting: graft impc1000 graff1377 engraffc1420 seta1425 graft1483 engrafta1677 a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Rom. xi. 24 For if thou art kit doun of the kyndeli wielde olyue tre, and aȝens kynd art set in to a good olyue tre, hou myche more thei that ben bi kynde, schulen be set in her olyue tre. 1645 J. Ussher Body of Divinitie 165 We see one tree may be set into another, and it groweth in the stock thereof, and becommeth one and the same tree. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > security > pledge or deposit as security [verb (transitive)] setc1000 plight?c1225 lay1297 wagec1330 to lay to borrowc1405 pledgea1475 impledge1548 pawn1570 impawn1598 deposita1640 c1000 Laws Æthelred i. i. (Liebermann) 218 Gif he þonne ful wurðe, æt þam forman cyrre..sette getreowe borgas, þæt he ælces yfeles geswice eft. 1602 in J. Stuart Sel Rec. Kirk Aberdeen (1846) 23 The said day, John Michell is ordanit to be put in the kirk wolt, thairin to remane quhill he sett cautioun to adhear to Margrat Quhytt, his spous. c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 66 Thay with the Marques suld set cautioun for keping of the Kingis peace. 14. a. To put (a sum) down as a stake; to stake, wager. Also figurative. Obsolete or archaic. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > bet on [verb (transitive)] > bet (money, etc.) laya1300 wed1362 to lay downc1430 setc1460 jeopardc1470 wage1484 holda1500 pary?a1505 to stake down1565 stake1591 gagec1598 bet?a1600 go1607 wagera1616 abet1617 impone1702 sport1706 stand1795 gamble1813 parlay1828 ante1846 to put on1890 plunge1919 c1460 R. Roos tr. La Belle Dame sans Mercy 524 He leseth his after game, That surely cannot sette his poyntes double. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 119 Ȝoung airis, That his auld thrift settis on ane ais. 1599 J. Minsheu Pleasant Dialogues Spanish & Eng. 67 in R. Percyvall & J. Minsheu Spanish Gram. I set him two shillings, he cast and drew them. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear iv. 119 Set lesse then thou throwest. View more context for this quotation 1671 J. Dryden Evening's Love iv. 54 He is nettled, and sets me twenty: I win them too. 1726 Whole Art & Myst. of Mod. Gaming 23 Whatever Sum you set me, I will do the same to you. 1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna x. xli. 232 His great Empire's worth Is set on Laon and Laone's head. 1853 G. J. Whyte-Melville Digby Grand ix The stakes were ‘set’, the dice rattled [etc.]. b. absol. or intransitive. To put down a stake, lay money on (or at). Also figurative to give a challenge to. Obsolete or archaic.Frequently with dative of the person against whom the stake is laid. The dative being interpreted as a direct object, a personal passive construction was evolved (see quot. 1823). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > play games of chance [verb (intransitive)] > stake stake1530 seta1553 chip1857 a1553 Nice Wanton 212 Heer six come on seuen. They set them... Come on fiue. She casteth and they set. 1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle ii. ii. sig. Biiii Thou shalt set on the king. ?1577 Misogonus in R. W. Bond Early Plays from Ital. (1911) 210 Sett lustilye my boykins... that was knavishlye throwne. 1605 G. Chapman Al Fooles v. i Come, Dariotto, set me. 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist i. ii. sig. C If I doe giue him a Familiar, Giue you him all you play for; neuer set him: For he will haue it. View more context for this quotation 1616 B. Jonson Epicœne iv. iv, in Wks. I. 575 A very sharke, he set me i' the nicke t'other night at primero . View more context for this quotation 1668 J. Dryden Secret-love 2nd Prol. sig. a4 Throw boldly, for he sets to all that write. 1716 E. Parker Mr. J. Fielding his Acct. Comet 6 Happy the Man who Punts upon a Knave during the Month of January, or sets on 6 upon Twelfth Night. 1739 Act 12 Geo. II c. 28 §3 Every Person..who shall..set at, stake or punt at..Ace of Hearts [etc.]. 1807 E. S. Barrett Rising Sun I. 132 Come, seven's the main—who'll set me? 1823 Mirror 1 176/1 Observing that he was completely set, he stopped short,..saying, ‘I believe I am set, gentlemen!’ 1825 Examiner 631/2 The King would at one time set higher than usual. c. Dominoes. To play first. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > table game > dominoes > [verb (intransitive)] > play first set1844 pose1863 1844 W. J. Pell Treat. Game of Dominoes 22 The largest count that can be made..is 129. To effect this, the winning hand must set. 1897 R. F. Foster Compl. Hoyle 561 The one whose turn it is to set lays down any domino he pleases. 15. a. To put (a thing, such as an ornament, fitting, piece of furniture, etc.) in a place allotted or adapted to receive it; (contextually) to fit, fix. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > in a place intended or adapted to receive a thing setc1275 seat1607 lodge1611 render1616 settlec1650 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3905 Þa Bruttes..nomen longen ræftres..& setten heom i Temese flod. a1483 Liber Niger in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 29 A tortayes to sett his lyverey in the wynter nyghtes. 1531 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 26 The side borde in the haull with the tristillis sett in the ground. 1556 in Shropshire Par. Doc. (1903) 58 For ii Wode Candyllstyckes to set apon tapurs. 1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle i. iv. sig. Aiiii Set me a candle, let me seeke. 1590 H. Barwick Breefe Disc. Weapons 10 b There be other peeces [viz. guns], to be set vpon Blockes. 1610 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 192 For Coventrie blue to sett lettres in the chaffe beddes. 1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn xii, in Poems 7 While the Creator Great His constellations set. 1645 J. Milton L'Allegro in Poems 34 How the drudging Goblin swet, To ern his Cream-bowle duly set. 1673 J. Dryden Assignation ii. iii. 20 Set the Ladder, and mount first. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 391 Setting the Candles in littl paper lanterns. 1730 J. T. Desaguliers in Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 202 If the Pulley be set backwarder still. 1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. iii, in Poems 119 The Fire-side Chair, still set, but vacant still. 1808 Lady's Econ. Assist. 4 The sleeves must be set into the shirt rather full. 1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 84 When he considers if he shall set a bridle on a horse. 1891 M. M. Dowie Girl in Karpathians vii. 83 No chair is wiped and set for the visitor. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > attachment > attach or affix [verb (transitive)] fastenOE fasta1225 tachec1315 to-seta1340 catcha1350 affichea1382 to put ona1382 tacka1387 to put to1396 adjoina1400 attach?a1400 bend1399 spyndec1400 to-tachc1400 affixc1448 complexc1470 setc1480 attouch1483 found?1541 obligate1547 patch1549 alligate1563 dight1572 inyoke1595 infixa1616 wreathe1643 adlige1650 adhibit1651 oblige1656 adent1658 to bring to1681 engage1766 superfix1766 to lap on1867 accrete1870 c1480 (a1400) St. Paul 372 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 39 Þe hed to set þe body till. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) ix. 233 I shall set to your necke an halter. 1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 237 Workmanship in..settyng the Newe ledders vnto the seid Bellowes. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iv. ii. 174 Be Mercurie, set feathers to thy heeles. View more context for this quotation ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > [verb (transitive)] > insert in writing to write inc1384 insert1533 set1535 ascribe1648 append1843 society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > write parts of composition [verb (transitive)] > place in a certain sequence set1535 1535 G. Joye Apol. Tindale 19 Tindals vncharitable pistle set before hys newe Testament. 1560 J. Daus in tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries Ep. sig. Aiii I haue set before the beginnyng of euery boke, the some or argument. 1679 J. Dryden Troilus & Cressida Pref. sig. a I made..an Order and Connexion of all the Scenes; removing them from the places where they were inartificially set. d. To put (eggs) under a hen to be hatched. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping birds > poultry-keeping > rear poultry [verb (transitive)] > put eggs under breast1636 set1726 1726 R. Bradley Country Gentleman & Farmer's Monthly Director 31 You may now likewise set Duck-Eggs under Hens. 1815 Sporting Mag. 46 27 The saving of eggs..which you intend to set. 1826 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxvi, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 753 James, you shall have a dozen eggs to set. 16. passive. To have a certain position or arrangement by nature. ΚΠ a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 38 Swannes swyre swyþe wel ysette. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 98 Her yhen smale and depe set. 1657 W. Coles Adam in Eden vii. 15 At the tops of the stalks come forth the flowers set at certain spaces one above another. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 244 His fine Teeth well set. 1883 M. E. Mann Parish of Hilby iii Their heads were set on long and graceful necks. ** Where the manner of the action is implied in the adverbial complement. 17. a. To put or place, cause to be, lie, rest, or stand, in a locality specified by an adverbial expression. (See also branch XII with adverbs.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] doeOE layc950 seta1000 puta1225 dight1297 pilt?a1300 stow1362 stick1372 bestowc1374 affichea1382 posec1385 couchc1386 dressa1387 assize1393 yarkc1400 sita1425 place1442 colloque1490 siegea1500 stake1513 win1515 plat1529 collocate1548 campc1550 posit1645 posture1645 constitute1652 impose1681 sist1852 shove1902 spot1937 the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > put or lay down allayOE seta1000 to lay downc1275 to put downa1382 to set downa1400 deposec1420 to sit down1600 depositate1618 deposit1749 ground1751 plank1859 OE Beowulf 1242 Setton him to heafdon hilderandas. OE Genesis 312 [God] heo..under eorðan neoðan..sette sigelease on þa sweartan helle. a1000 Ælfric Genesis ix. 13 Ic sette minne renbogan on wolcnum. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11351 Þe deofell..brohhte himm o þe temmple. & sette himm heȝhe upp o þe rhof. a1225 Leg. Kath. 1972 Her, amid heapes, wes þis meiden iset. c1300 K. Horn (Laud) 738 He sette sadel on stede. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 179 Basilius awook and fonde..his armour i-sette þere as it was raþer. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21624 A wessel..Sett vnder þat licure to hint. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xix. 87 Þai sett þis mawmet with grete wirschepe in a chariot. c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 260 As an erthyn pott..sett on þe fyir brestyth on-sundir. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. xlix. 38 I wil set my stole [1611 throne] in Elam. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xxxiiv He caused his crowne to be set on the pillowe at his beddes heade. 1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Svpper of the Lorde f. cxxvi Settyng both the breade and wyne vpon the Alter. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus v. iii. 178 Set him brest deepe in earth and famish him. View more context for this quotation 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 82 They set this iuyce vpon the fier, continually stirring it. 1743 E. Moxon Eng. Housewifry (new ed.) 25 Set it over a Fire in soft Water. 1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh i. 37 They saw a light at a window now and then, They had not set there. 1869 A. J. Evans Vashti xxv. 339 Two drops of blood had fallen on the tablecloth, and the girl instantly set her cup and saucer over them. b. passive. To be situated, lie (in a certain locality); to be placed (at a certain height, interval, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > situate setc950 markc1400 situate?a1425 site?c1425 plant1558 seat1603 emplacea1627 position1817 to set down1827 spot1891 c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. v. 14 Ofer mor geseted, supra monte posita. a1300 Cursor Mundi 527 Seuen maister sterns er sette in heuen. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 2 Engelond his a wel god lond..ech londe best Iset in þe on ende of þe worlde as al in þe west. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 5 Þe citee Oxenford, i-sette bytwene þe tweie riveres of Tame and of Temse. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10005 Þe four torels on hei er sett. c1440 Pallad. on Husb. iii. 381 The graffes..With gemmes fele aboute on hem ysette. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 711/2 Rychemonte is very well set. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. vi. 4 b A small fountaine beeing no higher set then the pauement. 1594 W. West Symbolæogr.: 1st Pt. §60 d The said W.M. set, lying, or being in W. 1649 R. Baxter Saints Everlasting Rest (new ed.) iii. i. §6. 275 Betwixt them and you will be a great gulf set. 1868 W. Morris Earthly Paradise 141 Nor struggle in the net Wherein thine helpless feet are set. 18. a. To place (a thing) upon or in some kind of contact with some part of a person's body, esp. as a part of insignia. Obsolete or archaic. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > place insignia upon [verb (transitive)] set971 the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > in contact with a surface layc950 set971 input1382 immotec1420 impone1529 impose1598 the world > space > distance > nearness > be near to [verb (transitive)] > place near > place in contact > a part of the body set971 rub1645 971 Blickl. Hom. 23 [Hie] wundan beag of þornum & him setton on heafod. a1225 Leg. Kath. 1571 & te an toc ane guldene crune, & sette on hire heauet. ?a1366 Romaunt Rose 846 His leefe a rosen chapelet Had made, and on his heed it set. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 15 Upon the hond to were a Schoo And sette uppon the fot a Glove. c1450 Mirk's Festial 17 Then anon com oure lady..and set a garlond on his hedde. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xlvi. 152 He sette his horne to his mouthe and blewe it. 1525 J. Russell in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 298 If your Highnes woll, he woll sett the crowne of Fraunce on your hed. 1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle ii. iv. sig. Cii Chil in Diccon a cleene aperne to take, and set before me. 1710 D. Manley Mem. Europe II. 257 It is them that occasion'd the Crown having been set upon your Head. ΚΠ c1000 Oaths iii. (Liebermann) 396 Swa hit me se sealde, ðe ic hit nu on hand sette. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 8181 Himm wass sett inn hiss rihht hannd An dere kineȝerrde. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17629 Son in his hand he þe letter sett. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4472 Me-thought..i þis cupe in hand him sette. c. To put (something) in one's sight (or view), before one or one's eyes (or view), †to show n.1, †to the sight, †to view n. to set before, originally = to place so as to be seen by, acquired the meanings of to put before one for use, consideration, imitation, etc. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > showing to the sight > show to the sight [verb (transitive)] to set beforea1000 openOE showlOE to put forth?c1225 kithe1297 to make (a) showing ofc1330 presenta1398 representa1398 to lay forthc1420 splayc1440 discovera1450 advisea1500 to set to (the) show?1510 to stall out1547 outlay1555 exhibit1573 strew1579 wray1587 displaya1616 ostentate1630 elevate1637 re-exhibita1648 expound1651 unveil1657 subject1720 flare1862 skin1873 patent1889 showcase1939 society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > besiege or blockade [verb (transitive)] belieOE besita1100 beset?c1225 assiege1297 besiege1297 belayc1320 umsiegea1325 ensiegec1380 environa1382 to set before1382 siege1390 forset?a1400 foldc1400 setc1400 to lay siege to, unto, about, against, beforec1449 oppugn?a1475 pursue1488 obsess1503 ferma1522 gird1548 begird1589 beleaguer1590 block1591 invest1591 intermure1606 blockade1684 to lay blockade to1713 leaguer1720 to form the siege1776 cerne1857 a1000 Ælfric Deut. xi. 26 Nu to dæg ic sette beforan eow bletsunga and wirignissa [L. En propono in conspectu vestro]. c1000 Ags. Ps. lv. 7 Ic..sette on ðinre gesyhðe sarige tearas. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xviii. 8 He toke butter, and mylk..and sette bifore hem. 1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. lxiv. 241 Whan a man syttyth atte mette, and dyuers maner mettis afor hym Is sette. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Rev. iii. 8 I haue set before the an open doore. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 436 With pelur and pall..set to þe sight. 1576 G. Gascoigne Delicate Diet in Wks. (1910) II. 464 They dyd Clarkly in figures, set before us sundry tales. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1624 What was set before him Which without help of eye, might be assay'd,..he still perform'd All. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 391 To set before your sight your glorious Race. 1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey III. x. Observ. 65 The description sets the figure [of Terror] full before our eyes. 1848 E. B. Pusey Parochial Serm. (1873) I. xix. 371 He cannot set them before him; he cannot see, believe, grasp them. 1888 J. W. Burgon Lives Twelve Good Men II. v. 2 His birth..and his parentage have been fully set before the public. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > imprison [verb (transitive)] beclosec1000 setc1100 steekc1175 prison?c1225 adightc1275 imprison1297 laya1325 keepc1330 presentc1380 locka1400 throwc1422 commise1480 clapc1530 shop1548 to lay up1565 incarcerate1575 embar1590 immure1598 hole1608 trunk1608 to keep (a person) darka1616 carceir1630 enjaila1631 pocket1631 bridewell1733 bastille1745 cage1805 quod1819 bag1824 carcerate1839 to send down1840 jug1841 slough1848 to send up1852 to put away1859 warehouse1881 roundhouse1889 smug1896 to bang up1950 c1100 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. D) ann. 1036 Ða let he hine on hæft settan. a1300 Cursor Mundi 23315 Þai sal be sett in þair prisun. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) cxxviii. 468 My wyfe set in pryson. 1535 Layton in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. II. 61 We have sett Dunce [sc. Duns Scotus] in Bocardo. a1547 in J. R. Boyle Early Hist. Town & Port of Hedon (1895) App. p. lxxiv Then the maiore to sett theym in presone. ΚΠ c1450 Brut 336/20 Þei sette out of þe Tour þe Archebishop of Caunturbury. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 25 All this tyme settis na man his heid out of the hous. a1610 J. Healey tr. Epictetus Manuall (1636) 25 Is the dish set from thee? stay it not. 1667 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 335 For setting the watter away from the church style, 2d. 1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. ii. 180 Now they..befooled themselves for setting a Foot out of doors in that Path. f. to set on the sea, water, afloat, etc.: to launch. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > launching a vessel > launch or set afloat [verb (transitive)] launch?a1400 puta1450 shoot1487 lance?1518 to set on the sea, water, afloat1559 to set afloat1785 float1885 1559 [see to set afloat (†on float) 1 at Phrasal verbs 2]. 1568 C. Watson tr. Polybius Hystories f. 48 They were vndockte, and sette on the water. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. viii. 112 The first Shippe that euer was set a flote, was vppon the red Sea. a1800 Fair Janet i, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1885) II. iii. 105 Ye'll build to me a bonnie ship, And set her on the sea. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > besiege or blockade [verb (transitive)] > lay (siege) set1474 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iii. vi. 130 A prynce that setteth a siege to fore a castell. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 711/2 Whan the kynges good grace dyd set his siege byfore Tournaye. h. To put (pen) to paper (†book). ΚΠ 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Aii As I had set the penne to the boke. ?c1535 L. Cox Arte Rhethorycke (new ed.) sig. Fivv I wolde..that they wolde set the penne to the paper. 1579 E. Hake Newes out of Powles Churchyarde newly Renued Ep. Ded. sig. A2 v And so shall I..set my Pen to Booke againe. 1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus sig. Z Setting pen to paper. 1621 T. W. in tr. S. Goulart Wise Vieillard To Rdr. sig A4v My fingers did euen itch to set pen to paper. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 62. ¶7 I am apt to think that Euclid is the greatest Wit that ever set Pen to Paper. 1895 C. Kernahan God & Ant Apol. The worst of all reasons which inexperienced writers put forward for setting pen to paper. 19. a. To place (a part of the body) upon a surface or an object. ΚΠ c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. ii. xii. §5 [He] sette his þa swiðran hond him on þæt heafod. 971 Blickl. Hom. 239 He sette his hand ofer hiora heortan. a1000 Ælfric Genesis xxiv. 2 Sete þine hand under min þeoh. a1300 K. Horn 758 To lond he him sette & fot on stirop sette. c1528 Everyman (1961) 778 Now set eche of you on this rodde your honde. 1607 F. Beaumont Woman Hater ii. i. sig. C3 When her husband sets first foot in the bedde. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables xxx. 29 A Child of the Family happen'd to set his Foot upon't [sc. a snake]. 1749 T. Smollett tr. A. R. Le Sage Gil Blas I. ii. iii. 114 Fabricius,..set his hands in his sides. 1870 D. G. Rossetti Dante at Verona xxxii At such times, Dante, thou hast set Thy forehead to the painted pane Full oft. a1908 F. Thompson Poppy i Summer set lip to earth's bosom bare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > hold [verb (transitive)] > lay hold of or grasp i-fangc888 gripc950 repeOE befongOE keepc1000 latchc1000 hentOE begripec1175 becatchc1200 fang?c1200 i-gripea1225 warpa1225 fastenc1225 arepa1250 to set (one's) hand(s onc1290 kip1297 cleach?a1300 hendc1300 fasta1325 reachc1330 seizec1374 beclipc1380 takea1387 span1398 to seize on or upon1399 getc1440 handc1460 to catch hold1520 to take hold1530 to lay hold (up)on, of1535 grasple1553 to have by the backa1555 handfast1562 apprehend1572 grapple1582 to clap hold of1583 comprehend1584 graspa1586 attach1590 gripple1591 engrasp1593 clum1594 to seize of1600 begriple1607 fast hold1611 impalm1611 fista1616 to set (one's) hand to1638 to get one's hands on1649 the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] withgo743 to go again ——OE withsayc1175 again-goc1275 withsitc1300 thwarta1325 to go against ——a1382 counter1382 repugnc1384 adversea1393 craba1400 gainsaya1400 movec1400 overthwart?a1425 to put (also set) one's face againsta1425 traversea1425 contrairc1425 to take again ——c1425 contraryc1430 to take against ——a1450 opposec1485 again-seta1500 gain?a1500 oppone1500 transverse1532 to come up against1535 heave at1546 to be against1549 encounter1549 to set shoulder against1551 to fly in the face of1553 crossc1555 to cross with1590 countermand1592 forstand1599 opposit1600 thorter1608 obviate1609 disputea1616 obstrigillate1623 contradict1632 avert1635 to set one's hand against1635 top1641 militate1642 to come across ——1653 contrariate1656 to cross upon (or on)1661 shock1667 clash1685 rencounter1689 obtend1697 counteract1708 oppugnate1749 retroact?1761 controvert1782 react1795 to set against ——1859 appose- c1290 Beket 931 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 133 Ȝif ani man hond on ov set. c1330 Arth. & Merl. 5815 Hir hondes sche sett on hir here & hir fair tresses al totere. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2290 Macaigne arose..And set hond fast on Beryns othir scleve. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) iii. 79 Aymon..began to sette sore hande vpon theym. 1635 E. Pagitt Christianographie (1636) iii. 37 Our Princes and Bishops set their hand against Image-worship. 1646 F. Hawkins tr. Youths Behaviour (ed. 4) 50 Without setting hand on any thing before him. c. to set (one's) hand to: to lay hold of, take into one's hand; figurative to set about, engage upon (†formerly const. infinitive). to set one's hand to the door: see door n. 5a. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake [verb (transitive)] underfoc893 fandOE onfangOE undernimc1000 takec1175 to take tillc1175 to take toa1250 underfongc1330 undertakea1340 to take in (also on) handa1350 undertakec1385 attamec1386 to take in (also on) handc1390 embrace1393 emprisec1410 to put to one's hand (also hands)c1410 to go upon ——c1450 enterprise?1473 to set (one's) hand to1477 go?a1500 accept1524 assume1530 to hent in (also upon) handc1540 to swallow up1544 to take to task1546 to go into ——?1548 to set in hand1548 to fare about1563 entertain1569 undergo1606 to set about ——1611 to take up1660 to come at ——1901 the world > physical sensation > touch and feeling > touching > touching with the hand > touch or feel with the hand [verb (transitive)] repeOE warpa1225 treatc1384 feela1400 palp1534 palpabrize1593 fista1616 handa1616 thrumble1632 to set (one's) hand to1638 to feel of ——1678 digitize1689 the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > hold [verb (transitive)] > lay hold of or grasp i-fangc888 gripc950 repeOE befongOE keepc1000 latchc1000 hentOE begripec1175 becatchc1200 fang?c1200 i-gripea1225 warpa1225 fastenc1225 arepa1250 to set (one's) hand(s onc1290 kip1297 cleach?a1300 hendc1300 fasta1325 reachc1330 seizec1374 beclipc1380 takea1387 span1398 to seize on or upon1399 getc1440 handc1460 to catch hold1520 to take hold1530 to lay hold (up)on, of1535 grasple1553 to have by the backa1555 handfast1562 apprehend1572 grapple1582 to clap hold of1583 comprehend1584 graspa1586 attach1590 gripple1591 engrasp1593 clum1594 to seize of1600 begriple1607 fast hold1611 impalm1611 fista1616 to set (one's) hand to1638 to get one's hands on1649 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 81 Argos sette hand vnto the werk. 1542 N. Udall in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Lit. Men (1843) (Camden) 2 Of your aboundaunt pitie to sette your helpyng hand to the bestowyng of me to suche condition. ?1562 Thersytes sig. A.iv They wyll not ones set hande to fight with me. 1638 W. Tirwhyt tr. J. L. G. de Balzac Lett. 144 If you appoint him to set hand to his Penne. 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre i. ix. 13 God set his hand to this warre. 1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura sig. b6v Painters encouraged to set their hands to the Graver. 1788 Trifler No. 4. 47 I..resolved to set hand to work. 1865 A. C. Swinburne Atalanta in Calydon 1972 She set her hand to the wood, She took the fire in her hand. 1889 F. Barrett Under Strange Mask I. iii. 46 He set his hand to this good work. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > walking > walk upon or tread [verb (transitive)] > take (a step) set1609 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. ii. 154 Can it be, That so degenerate a straine as this, Should once set footing in your generous bosomes? View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) iii. ii. 87 Seeke not a Scorpions Nest, Nor set no footing on this vnkinde Shore. View more context for this quotation 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 219 The first step that I set within those holy gates. 1642 Remonst. conc. Ch. & Kingd. Irel. 7 They will, with the assistance of Spaine and France, set footing in England. 1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 212 He was not able to set a step. 1780 A. Young Tour Ireland (Dublin ed.) I. 241 Every step the horse set. a. To plant or deal (a blow); with dative of the person or upon. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)] > deal or give (a stroke or blow) setc1300 smitec1300 layc1330 drivec1380 slentc1380 hit?a1400 to lay ona1400 reacha1400 fetchc1400 depart1477 warpc1480 throw1488 lenda1500 serve1561 wherret1599 senda1627 lunge1735 to lay in1809 wreak1817 to get in1834 c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2405 He robert sette Biforn þe teth a dint ful strong. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 1382 So wele his strok he sett Þat his heued fram þe bodi flei. c1400 Arth. & Merl. 2422 And when they were together mett, There were strokes sadlye set. a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 1498 They settyd strokes of mode. a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 3175 Nor he so hard his strok apone hyme set. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)] > specific animate object drepeOE smitec1200 buffet?c1225 strike1377 rapa1400 seta1400 frontc1400 ballc1450 throw1488 to bear (a person) a blow1530 fetch1556 douse1559 knetcha1564 slat1577 to hit any one a blow1597 wherret1599 alapate1609 shock1614 baske1642 measure1652 plump1785 jow1802 nobble1841 scuff1841 clump1864 bust1873 plonk1874 to sock it to1877 dot1881 biff1888 dong1889 slosh1890 to soak it to1892 to cop (a person) one1898 poke1906 to hang one on1908 bop1931 clonk1949 a1400 K. Horn (Harl.) 714 Wel sone bote þou flette myd suert yshal þe sette. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn Prol. l. 577 [He] set hym with þe ladill on the grustill on þe nose. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > direct [verb (transitive)] > aim at > aim (a blow, weapon, etc.) reachOE seta1300 shapec1400 ettlec1450 charge1509 bend1530 level1530 aimc1565 butt1594 levy1618 to give level to1669 wise1721 intenda1734 train1795 sight1901 to zero in1944 a1300 K. Horn 1201 To herte knif heo sette. ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 145v Theseus was the firste..that sette and cowched his speer ayenst hym. 16.. Sir Andrew Barton xxxi A noble gunner..That can sett well with his eye. d. To apply (a weapon, etc.) to.to set spurs to: see spur n.1 3b. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or control > [verb (transitive)] > apply an implement to seta1425 a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Luke iii. 9 An axe is sett to the roote of the tree. 1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 ii. ii. 165 We set the axe to thy vsurping root. 21. a. (Originally †to set on write.) To put down in writing; to put on paper; †occasionally to depict. Now to set down at Phrasal verbs 2. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > [verb (transitive)] > set down in writing adighteOE to set on writea900 dightc1000 writeOE brevea1225 layc1330 indite1340 take1418 annote1449 printa1450 scribe1465 redact?a1475 reduce1485 letter1504 recite1523 to commit to writing (also paper)1529 pen1530 reduce?1533 token up1535 scripture1540 titulea1550 to set down1562 quote1573 to put down1574 paper1594 to write down1594 apprehend1611 fix1630 exarate1656 depose1668 put1910 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > represent in art [verb (transitive)] workOE shapea1375 express1382 marka1393 resemblea1393 portraya1398 devisea1400 makea1400 represent?a1425 counterfeitc1440 to set on write1486 porturea1500 emporturea1529 story1532 portrait1548 show1565 decipher1567 portraiture1581 to set forth1585 emblazea1592 stell1598 defigure1599 infigure1606 effigiate1608 deportract1611 deportray1611 rendera1616 image1624 configure1630 exiconize1641 effigies1652 to take off1680 mimic1770 paraphrase1961 a900 Laws Ælfred i. xlix. (Liebermann) 46 Ic ne dorste geðristlæcan þara minra awuht fela on gewrit settan. OE Cynewulf Elene 654 Ond þa wintergerim on gewritu setton. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 75 Þet rihte ileue setten þe twelue apostles on write. b. Geometry, etc. To lay or mark off (a line of a definite length). (Cf. to set off at Phrasal verbs 2.) ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > line > linearize [verb (transitive)] > create set1617 1617 Speidell Geom. Extract. 21 From the end A, drawe the line AE,..then set the line C, from A, to F. 1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements vi. 117 Set the side BC in a direct line to the side CE. 1725 W. Halfpenny Art of Sound Building 42 Take lm in your Compasses and set it from D to the Dot in the Line DE. 1805 Shipwright's Vade-mecum 171 Next proceed to set aft the distance of dead-flat from the foremost perpendicular. 1830 P. Hedderwick Treat. Marine Archit. 247 On this line set the half-thickness of the stem from the centre-line. 22. To put down in a record, catalogue, etc.; to mention or treat of in a writing or composition; to put down or enter in an account. Now to set down at Phrasal verbs 2. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > written record > record in writing [verb (transitive)] > enter on record writeOE setc1175 embreve?c1225 enrolc1350 enter1389 rollc1400 enact1467 act1475 enchroniclea1513 ascribe1532 re-enter1535 to put down1574 register1597 inscroll1600 emologea1639 spread1823 to book in1860 to sign on1879 log1889 sign1894 to sign out1916 to sign in1924 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3282 He badd settenn upp o writt All mann kinn. a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 35 Of leuedis loue, þat y ha let,..Ofte in song y haue hem set. c1386 G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Prol. 209 Why sholde men elles in hir bookes sette That a man shal yelde to his wyf hyr dette? 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 12 Whan Crist him self hath bode pes And set it in his testament. 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iv. vii. 182 Wherfore he setted not the versis of homere in his book. 1540 J. Palsgrave in tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus i. i. sig. Diij Sette in a byll, what thy chyldes parte commeth to. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iv. ii. 152 All his faults obseru'd, Set in a Note-booke. View more context for this quotation 1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 105 I know it was set in the Ship's Log Book by Order. 23. To put (one's signature), affix (a seal) to (†on) a document. (Cf. to set to at Phrasal verbs 2.) ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > personal identification > signature > sign (a document) [verb (transitive)] > sign one's name seta1400 to set toa1400 subscribe1415 subscribe1426 subscrive1445 firm1528 sign1599 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 6889 He..wrat þe name and set þe [Vesp. sett to, Fairf. sette on] sele. 1405 Rolls of Parl. III. 605/2 In Witnessing of whilk thyng, to thys presentes we have sette our forsaide Seal. 1524 in J. H. Glover Kingsthorpiana (1883) 66 We have hereunto set the comon seal of Kyngesthorp. 1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) sig. Eiv One should make writings and set seales for lycences and pasportes. 1600 Weakest goeth to Wall sig. I3v Here is your hand set to confirme the deed. c1616 R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) v. 2029 Hee'l make the landlord set both hand & seale To this new lease. 1629 P. Massinger Roman Actor iv. i. sig. G4 Haue you set your hands To the accusation? 1699 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 369 For setting the greate seale to an arch pyrates being pardon'd. 1736 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 473/1 In witness whereof I have hereunto set my Hand and Seal. 1892 Temple Bar Nov. 358 He set his hand to the death-warrant. IV. To place or cause to be in a certain position (other than merely local), condition, relation, or connection. * Where a person or thing is placed in or brought into a condition. 24. a. To place in a state or sphere specified by an adverbial expression.Now less frequently than place or put. ΚΠ c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10728 Ȝho doþ þe to settenn þe Bineþenn þine lahȝhre. a1225 Leg. Kath. 1758 Ȝef ȝe beoð mine, as under me isette. a1300 Cursor Mundi 23552 If it sett þam into will to mak anoiþer erth or heuen. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. vi. 48 Þat he worth worthier sette and with more blisse. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11408 Quen ani deid o þat dozein, His sun for him was sett again. c1400 Rom. Rose 4957 Celde gan..sette men by her ordinaunce In good Reule and in gouernaunce. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 714/2 And I be set ones in auctorite. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 223 Hit wold sothely me set as souerayne in Joye. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1728 Þat ben set vnder seruage. 1566 T. Drant Wailyngs Hieremiah in tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. Kviij v Preists haue set God, in this chafinge moode. 1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 159 Quhen Sathan was lousit out of hell, And had set man in my place. 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 7 This holy calling, wherein yee are set. 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. ix. §1. 253 Everything remains in the course and order wherein it was set at the Creation. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 255. ¶4 Providence for the most part sets us upon a Level. 1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous iii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. IV. 107 My age sets me beyond your cruelty. 1846 R. C. Trench Christ Desire of All Nations viii. 153 He must be set in those conditions, in which to abide by the good shall bring upon him every outward calamity. 1847 H. Miller First Impressions Eng. vi. 101 It had to be set under a keeper, to insure better behaviour. ΚΠ c1050 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. C) ann. 1043 & raðe þæs man sette Stigant of his bisceoprice. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 1 This vice, which so out of rule Hath sette ous alle. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 8639 Þe dede childe for-soth es þin, þat þi-selue of lijf has sett [Fairf. atte þou fra life to dede has sette]. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccccv. 285 b His mynde was so sore therof, that no man coude set hym therfro. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 715/1 I feare me he hath set my fote out of joynte. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 715/2 Who hath set my bookes out of order on this facyon? 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Matt. in Paraphr. New Test. ii. f. 25 Least he should be set beside the kingdome whiche he..held. 1559 in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1725) I. App. x. 31 Note th' end of these men's doctryns, that is to sett us withowt God. 1593 E. Spenser Elegie in Phœnix Nest 6 Perhaps this may a suter be, To set Mars by his deitie. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. i. 88 This present enterprise set of his head. View more context for this quotation 1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. xxxi. 105 It was a far easier labor to depose them of Rome then to set them beside their Empire. 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §54. 54 This..spoils his Mind, and sets that farther out of order. 1756 in Coltness Coll. (Maitland Club) 209 They wanted to have a haggas, but John said we must set our hearts bye that. 25. a. In a large number of phraseological expressions (often equivalent to a single verb), in which set acquires the sense of: To cause to be or become (so-and-so). Cf. put v. 17, 31. to set at ease, at rest, to rest, †in or at peace; †to set at debate, †to set at difference, †to set at a jar, †to set at jars, to set at odds, to set at one, to set at variance, †to set at square, to set at war, to set by the ears, †to set in sunder; to set agog, †to set at gaze, to set astray; to set aglow, to set afire, to set on fire (see fire n. and int. Phrases 2j(b)), to set aflame, to set in flame(s, etc.; to set in array, to set in order, to set in readiness, to set to rights; to set †in effray, †to set on fear; to set at large, to set at leisure, to set at liberty; to set on edge; to set in or on a roar; to set in action, to set in motion, to set in operation; to set at bay, to set at fault, †to set in press, †to set in stay; to set at contempt, to set at defiance; etc.: see also the nouns and adverbs. Also, to set afoot or on foot (see afoot adv. 3, foot n. and int. Phrases 3a(c)). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > cause to be or become seta1000 workOE makeOE puta1382 turna1393 yieldc1430 breedc1460 rendera1522 devolve1533 cause1576 infer1667 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > apart or asunder [phrase] in ( on) twoc890 from sunderOE to set in sunderc1325 in twinnyc1380 in (on) twain1398 in (into) twaya1400 on twina1400 on part1485 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or breaking up into constituent parts > into (small) pieces [phrase] in (also into, on, a) piecesa1275 (all) to shiversc1275 to piecesc1300 asundera1325 to set in sunderc1325 in sunderc1390 in, into shredsc1400 in small1419 in piecemeal?a1425 in piecemealsa1470 by piecemeals1576 in shivers1589 in or into splinters1612 society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > contending [phrase] to set at war1487 at (the) batea1500 in wars?1573 at wars1614 upon a tug1681 society > armed hostility > war > [adverb] > at war in war1377 to set at war1487 at wars1565 in wars?1573 the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] yarec888 yarkc1000 graithc1175 readya1225 biredienc1275 to make yarec1290 forgraitha1300 adightc1330 buskc1330 purveyc1330 agraith1340 disposec1375 before-graithea1382 to forge and filec1381 to make readya1382 devisec1385 bounc1390 buss?a1400 address?a1425 parel?a1425 to get upc1425 providec1425 prepare1449 bakec1450 aready1470 arm?a1505 prevenea1522 get?1530 to get ready1530 to get ready1530 to set in readiness1575 apply1577 compose1612 predy1627 make1637 to dispose of1655 do1660 fallowa1764 to line up1934 prep1936 tee1938 the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > initiate [verb (transitive)] beginc1175 baptizec1384 to set a (on) broachc1440 open1471 to set abroachc1475 entame1477 to set afloat1559 initiate1604 first1607 principiate1613 to set afoot or on foot1615 unclap1621 inchoatea1631 flush1633 to set on1638 principatec1650 rudiment1654 auspicate1660 embryonate1666 to strike up1711 start1723 institutea1797 float1833 spark1912 the world > relative properties > order > put in (proper) order [verb (transitive)] > put in order or set to rights rightOE to set to rights1668 sort1827 to set on or upon the square1846 OE Genesis 2729 Ne þearf ðe on edwit Abraham settan. a1000 Solomon & Saturn 344 Hine god seteð ðurh geearnunga endgum to ræste. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 7805 Þe grete cite of medes suþþe afure [?a1425 B in a feer; c1450 B on a fere] he sette. c1407 J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte 2188 Sette thyn herte best at ese. 1473 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 472 I trust to God thatt the ij Dukes off Clarans and Glowcester shall be sette att on. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvi. 427 The Yngli rout in gret effray War set, for douglass suddandly. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 257 Settand in pess all the cuntre. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xxv. iii Whan that God set them [the planettes] in operacyon. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. iv. 142 That on this wise had Cacus set in pres [L. telis premit]. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 715/2 Set your herte at rest. c1530 Crt. of Love (MS.) 418 And lovers true to setten at debate. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 35 He set that Countrie in good rest and peace. 1575 G. Gascoigne Glasse of Gouernem. iv. i. sig. Hiiiv I haue..set al thinges in redynesse for my Sonnes departure. 1578 M. T. in R. Edwards Paradyse Daynty Deuises (new ed.) sig. Ciiii The stately Stagge..by yalping hounds at bay is set. 1615 R. Cocks Diary 30 July (1883) I. 28 An other matter is now set on foote, which I never did heare of till this instant. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iii. iii. 10 Imprisoned angells Set at libertie. View more context for this quotation 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ii. 48 An vnresolued man..is distracted here, set on feare there. 1656 R. Sanderson 20 Serm. 160 Pride..setteth contentions a foot at the first, and afterwards keepeth them afoot. 1668 S. Pepys Diary 8 Nov. (1976) IX. 354 At my chamber all the morning, setting papers to rights. 1702 S. Parker tr. Cicero De Finibus i. 6 The same Suggestions that Epicurus and their Predecessors had set a foot formerly. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough III. 364 A Treaty of Peace was again set on foot. 1774 O. Goldsmith Grecian Hist. I. v. 111 The Athenians..sat many of their ships on fire. 1780 W. Coxe Acct. Russ. Discov. 199 A treaty being set afoot between the two courts of Moscow and Pekin. 1805–6 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Inferno xxviii. 132 Father and son I set at mutual war. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas IV. x. x. 160 Which set my lungs as well as appetite in motion. 1823 Examiner 789/1 Preparations were set on foot. 1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein III. ix. 263 He..has in a right godly manner tried to set afoot a treaty of peace with my own father. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. vi. ii. 376 They have quite another feat to do: a paralytic National Executive to set in action. 1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 284 A peculiarity which had set at fault..the modern ship-carpenter. 1869 A. J. Evans Vashti xxiii. 305 At last she was set once more adrift in the world. 1870 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Gleanings 2nd Ser. 220 He had set on footanother Liberal association. 1879 M. J. Guest Lect. Hist. Eng. xxxi. 316 His followers set themselves in battle array. 1890 Sunday Mag. Aug. 531/2 Enquiries were at once set on foot. 1895 Cornhill Mag. Mar. 298 That day's incident set the whole neighbourhood agog. b. With adjective complement; chiefly to set free, loose, right: see also the adjectives. ΚΠ 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 713/2 As for your costes, take no thought for, I wyll set you fre. 1569 W. Wager Longer thou Liuest sig. F.iiv Let me helpe you to set your gowne right. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iii. iii. 30 I cannot thinke, but in the end, the Villanies of man will set him cleere. View more context for this quotation a1639 W. Whately Prototypes (1640) xvi. 8 She is a bad and unloving wife,..who sets him short, and cares not to fit him with pleasing food. 1695 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. (new ed.) §89. 140 His Practice must by no means cross his Precepts, unless he intend to set him wrong. 1780 Mirror No. 92 Who make people laugh, or set them asleep. 1799 R. Kirwan Geol. Ess. 19 An immense quantity of inflammable air set loose. 1853 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes (1854) I. iii. 32 Orme's Hindostan, the book..which set poor dear Tom wild to go to India. 1855 R. Browning Fra Lippo Lippi in Men & Women I. 37 Let's sit and set things straight now. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. Hist. Eng. III. 155 The death of the old king set them free from their last scruple. a. To place (a person) in a certain sphere of activity or occupation; esp. to set to lore (also to book, to school); also, to place with an instructor or employer. Obsolete. (Cf. sense 114.) ΘΚΠ society > education > [verb (transitive)] > put to education > send to school to set to lore (also to book, to school)a1225 to put to schoola1300 to send to school, college1531 school1577 society > education > teaching > [verb (transitive)] > teach superior to set to lore (also to book, to school)1548 dry-nurse1858 a1225 Leg. Kath. 115 Hire feder hefde iset hire earliche to lare. c1290 Beket 210 in S. Eng. Leg. 112 Þis child was ȝong to schole i-set. c1330 Arth. & Merl. 9 Childer, þat ben to boke ysett. 1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 454 We ben lered..lore of no scole, Ne to no sience i-set vs silue to wisse. 1486–93 Early Chanc. Proc. 94/14 (P.R.O.) Your said oratour (when newly set to Courte in Davys Inne). a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. iv. sig. b.iii He set her for doctryne, to the abbesse saynt Hylde. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 29 Settyng themsefe in relygyouse housys ther quyetly to serve god. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xlixv The sayde Barlo set me with a merchaunt of Middelboroughe too seruyce. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 104 Set him betimes to School. View more context for this quotation ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > raise heave971 hevenOE onheaveOE rearOE highOE arearc1175 to set above (also aloft, high, on high)c1275 upbraidc1275 to set upc1290 lifta1300 upheavea1300 upraisea1300 upreara1300 enhancec1300 araise1303 hance1303 uplifta1340 lift1362 raisec1384 upbear1390 uphancec1390 advancea1393 haut?a1400 to put upa1400 verec1400 hainc1440 inhigh1483 elevate1497 uphigh1513 alifta1522 height1530 heighten1530 exalt1535 extol1549 sublevate1559 rouse?1567 attol1578 elate1578 vaunce1582 dight1590 higher1592 tower1596 to fetch up1612 relevate1620 screwa1625 transcend1635 stilt1649 allevate1696 stiltify1860 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > lay or put down to lay downc1275 to set netherc1275 to put downa1382 submit1543 down1595 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2020 Feowere here weren riche þe haueden ferden muchele. þeo nedden al þæ oðere & heom neððer sætten. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 7 Tho was the vertu sett above And vice was put under fote. c1430 Hymns Virgin 37 Wrong is an hiȝ seete þere riȝt schulde be. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vi. l. 58 Feyll sys or than he had beyne set abuff. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xxxiii. xxv Verite on the first fane Did sette aloft of falshoed the hede. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 711/1 I set a lofte, as a man is whan one dothe promote him. c1591 J. Norden Progr. Pietie (1847) 28 That God that can give and take away, set aloft and pull down. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 244 Fortune..hath set no man so high, but she threatneth to take from him as much. c1675 E. Waller Epit. Col. Cavendish 25 Equal success had set these champions high. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > set pitch [verb (transitive)] set1506 pitch1671 1506 in Legg Clerk's bk. (1903) 76 The said clarkis..whanne ony seruyce shalbe don by note shall sett the quyer not after his owne brest. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 714/1 Can you nat set these syngyng men in tune yet? d. Originally to set upon the muzzle: To muzzle (a horse) so as to prevent him feeding improperly. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [verb (transitive)] > muzzle muzzlec1470 to set upon the muzzle1834 bemuzzle1857 1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales II. 115 My training groom had his orders and yet I was afraid Idris would not be set upon muzzle, and so get improperly filled. 1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports ii. i. vi. §7 Some [horses] requiring to be set over night after having eaten their hay. 1857 ‘The Druid’ Post & Paddock (rev. ed.) viii. 136 They set them [sc. the horses] very sharp. 27. To place (a person or thing) in one's possession or control, or in a condition to be used, dealt with, or occupied. to set in hand: †(a) to place in (a person's) possession or control; †(b) to take in hand, undertake; also intransitive with with, in the same sense; (c) to put out to be done. to set to (for, on) sale, a-sale: see sale n.2 2a, 1c †to set at pawn, to pledge, to wed: to pledge, pawn. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > sell [verb (transitive)] to sell awayc1230 to set to (for, on) sale, a-salec1275 sella1330 to make sale (of)c1430 market1455 to make penny of1464 vent1478 to put away1574 dispatch1592 money1598 vent1602 to put off1631 vend1651 hawk1713 realize1720 mackle1724 neat1747 to sell over1837 unload1884 flog1919 move1938 shift1976 the mind > possession > have or possess [verb (transitive)] > possess and control > place in one's possession or control setc1275 the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > cause to be possessed to set in handc1275 givea1300 fasten1527 lodge1670 the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > use or make use of [verb (transitive)] > place in condition for use setc1275 the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake or set oneself to do [verb (intransitive)] found12.. to take on (also upon) one(self)a1300 assay1330 study1340 to put (also lay, set, etc.) one's hand to the ploughc1384 intendc1385 pressc1390 to put oneself in pressc1390 gatherc1400 undertakec1405 sayc1425 to fall in hand with (also to do (something))c1450 setc1485 obligea1500 essay?1515 attend1523 supprise1532 to set in foot1542 enterprise1547 address1548 to set in hand1548 prove1612 to make it one's businessa1628 engage1646 embark1647 bend1694 to take hold1868 the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake [verb (transitive)] underfoc893 fandOE onfangOE undernimc1000 takec1175 to take tillc1175 to take toa1250 underfongc1330 undertakea1340 to take in (also on) handa1350 undertakec1385 attamec1386 to take in (also on) handc1390 embrace1393 emprisec1410 to put to one's hand (also hands)c1410 to go upon ——c1450 enterprise?1473 to set (one's) hand to1477 go?a1500 accept1524 assume1530 to hent in (also upon) handc1540 to swallow up1544 to take to task1546 to go into ——?1548 to set in hand1548 to fare about1563 entertain1569 undergo1606 to set about ——1611 to take up1660 to come at ——1901 the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake [verb (transitive)] > put out to be done to set in hand1601 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12562 Mi lond ich wulle sette to wedde for seoluere. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6161 Cheorles..hefden al þis kine-lond iset [c1300 Otho hii-sette] a cheorlene hond. c1420 Sir Amadace (Camden) xxxiii That he had sette, and layd to wedde. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Ecclus. x. 10 For whi this man hath also his soule set to sale. c1500 Robin Hood liv My londes beth sette to wedde..To a ryche abbot. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Esdras v. 3 Let vs set our londes..to pledge. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John vii. 6–10 He left them and set in hand to preache. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John x. 19–24 New matter to set in hand and dispute wt him again. 1553 J. Bale tr. S. Gardiner De Vera Obedientia G ij He setteth them asale..in an open place. 1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 455 The first that set physicke a sale. 1601 R. Hakluyt tr. A. Galvano Discov. World 77 He set in hand sending foorth two ships. 1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 349 Neither done, nor set in hand withall. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 28. §7 A man who has..set his country to sale. 1812 G. Crabbe Tales xix. 351 Concerns it you what books I set for sale? 1864 Builder 16 Apr. 281/3 The proposed restoration of St. Bartholomew's, Smithfield, is to be set in hand forthwith. 28. a. To cause (a thing) to assume a certain physical position expressed by an adjective complement or adverbial phrase; chiefly to set open (†wide), set on end, set upright (see also these words). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > cause to have specific position or arrangement [verb (transitive)] seta1400 the world > space > relative position > vertical position > make vertical [verb (transitive)] > make upright or erect > a structure areara800 to set upa1225 to bring up1297 biga1400 seta1400 erect1417 hainc1440 rect?a1475 to fix up1569 uptower1848 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 25049 Quen it [sc. the cross] es sett on end vp euen, It takens pes tuix erth and heuen. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3804 He it sett vp right. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 2142 Werpis þam vp..& wyde open settis. 1549–62 T. Sternhold & J. Hopkins Te Deum Thou heavens kingdom didst set ope. 1615 J. Murrell New Bk. Cookerie 32 To make Pancakes so crispe that you may set them vpright. 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) To set taught the Shrouds, in the Navigators Dialect, is to make them stiffer when they are too slack. c1720 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture III. xxi. 35 Seeing that the..legions were so close and crowded.., he commanded them to set themselves more at large. 1724 E. Calamy Mem. Life J. Howe 11 Setting the Top on the piqued end downwards. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1775 I. 507 [Johnson:] The plate..is..then set sloping to drop the superfluous mercury. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. iv. viii. 259 With door set ajar. 1896 Pall Mall Mag. May 7 An ill-tempered frown, that set her beauty askew. b. To cause to take a certain shape (defined by an adjective or adverbial phrase). ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > shape or give shape to [verb (transitive)] > put into a certain shape form1297 figurec1430 shape1457 cast1512 fashion1526 mould1667 set1678 modela1704 throw1804 1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. i. 12 Turn the other side of your work, and with your Hammer set it flat and straight. 1842 Penny Cycl. XXIII. 432/2 The sword is then set to the required shape by placing it on a sort of fork upon the anvil, and wrenching it by means of tongs. c. To set to the wind: (a) passive of a weathervane, to turn to the wind; (b) transitive in leather-manufacture (see quot. 1885). ΚΠ 1881 L. Linton My Love III. i. 18 The vane of the pretty widow's humour was set to another wind. 1885 A. Watt Leather Manuf. xxviii. 354 The finishing, which is called by the trade ‘setting out’, or setting to the wind. Place the shaved calf skins in a tub with weak liquor or water for at least twenty-four hours; then they are taken out and laid with their sides turned in, rolled up, or set to the wind in a cask, in a circle around it, and in the middle. 29. To place (a person, his body or limbs) in a certain posture. Also reflexive. to set on one's feet, legs: see foot n. and int. Phrases 2, leg n. Phrases 1b(a). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > place into or assume a posture [verb (transitive)] setc1460 compose1606 posture1656 posturize1715 pose1826 c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1838 The hoost..Set his hond in kenebowe. ?1566 J. Phillip Commodye Pacient & Meeke Grissill sig. B.iv I was set on my legges and reyzed vpright. 1662 Bp. E. Hopkins Funeral Serm. (1663) 27 What are they..but..Nothings set a strutt? 1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 200 Standing still, and setting itself on its hinder leggs. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 116. ⁋10 When a man can set his hands to his sides, and say he is worth forty thousand pounds every day of the year. 1835 H. Harewood Dict. Sports at Cock-fighting When brought beak to beak, and set on their legs. 1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott I. ii. 82 Unless the old man would set him astride on his shoulder. 1859 Habits Good Society vii. 250 In standing, the legs ought to be straight, or one of them bent a little, but not set wide apart. ** Where something is assigned, applied, allotted, apportioned, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > naming > give a name to [verb (transitive)] > give (a name) setc1000 shapeOE to lay onc1450 imposec1500 clap1609 c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 12 God him sette naman Adam. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 722 Whatt name he shollde settenn. Vpp o þatt illke child. a1635 R. Sibbes Heavenly Conf. (1656) 79 God setteth a stile upon us suitable to the excellency of our spirituall being. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > spend [verb (transitive)] > spend (money) on set1154 to splash (money) out on1973 society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > keep accounts [verb (transitive)] > enter in an account set1154 brevea1377 scorec1386 post1622 to give credit1725 journalize1766 to enter up1835 statement1984 1154 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1137 [He] wrohte on þe circe & sette þar to landes & rentes. 1455 [see β. forms]. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2244 Wele settith he his peny, þat þe pound [therby] savith. 1475 Bk. Noblesse (Roxb.) 81 Late it be set in money to the remedie and socoure of this gret importunyte and necessite. 1485 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 7 All somes of money sett upon hym for the same [office]. 1507 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1901) III. 334 To the King himself, quhilk was set on the syment riall,..xx Franch crounis. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > apply (a remedy) to seta1400 the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > take care about [verb (transitive)] > take pains with > bestow (pains) seta1400 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 89 To sette traueil On thyng þat may not auail. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 4722 Bot ȝe sette bote our life ys gane. c1440 York Myst. v. 19 My trauayle were wele sette Myght y hym so betraye. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) 277 To thende that they myght sette remedye for theyr affayres. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 100 And he mycht set no help thar-till. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin vii. 114 That alle shull be distroied but god sette remedye. a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 394 To sett ane remedy thairto. ΚΠ c1055 Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia (1885) 8 303 Nim þæt an, & sete onforeweardum þam concurrentium. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 19 We wrecche sunfulle..setteð deihwamliche sunne uppon sunne. c1375 Lay Folks Mass Bk. (MS. B) 23 Grett saumpel he settis þer-to, whi hit is ful ille to do. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 55 That to Holi Writt men schulde not sett eny exposiciouns, declaracions, or glosis. 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 505/2 If any manne any thing set to these thynges. 1540 J. Palsgrave in tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus i. i. Metres sig. Eiijv They..sette a syllable or mo to the nexte verse folowynge. 34. to set (†a) fire †in, †on, †upon, †of, now only to: to kindle, ignite. (Cf. sense 25.) Also U.S. to set a fire (without prepositional complement): to kindle or start a fire. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > ardour or fervour > ardent or fervent [verb (transitive)] > inflame (with) passion annealeOE ontendeOE anheatOE atend1006 tindc1175 firec1225 heat?c1225 inlowa1300 inflamea1340 eschaufec1374 flamec1380 kindlec1390 chafe1393 achafea1400 to set a firec1400 lighta1413 incense1435 scaldc1480 embrase1483 incend?1504 to set on fire?1526 enkindle1561 enfire1596 flush1633 boil1649 calenturea1657 infirea1661 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)] > kindle or set alight annealeOE ontendeOE atend1006 alightOE kindlec1175 tindc1175 lightc1225 lightenc1384 quickc1390 firea1393 to set (a) fire in, on, upon, of, now only toc1400 quickenc1425 accenda1475 enlumine1477 to light upa1500 to shoot (something) on firec1540 to give fire1562 incend1598 entine1612 betine1659 emblaze1743 to touch off1759 ignite1823 c1400 Laud Troy Book 5879 Thei sette ffir In schip. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Matt. xxii. 7 The kynge..destroyed those murtherers & set fyre vpon their Citie. 1568 R. Grafton Chron. II. 107 b Thei set fire in their lodgynges, and departed in good ordre of battail. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias 120 Our men..did set fire to all the Townes yt were in the Ilande. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. True Hist. Siege Ostend 45 A firie Bullet..set fire of a barrell of Poulder. 1623 J. Bingham tr. Xenophon Hist. 50 All arose and..set fire on the Carts, and Tents. 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 549 Who shall invade their countrey, and set a fire on their chiefe city. 1657 T. Jordan Walks Islington & Hogsdon iv. ii. sig. F4 I will even make bold to set fire of your Bush [tavern], then throw your water and spare not. 1700 J. Tyrrell Gen. Hist. Eng. II. 786 They set Fire on the Suburbs. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. i. vii. 121 By setting fire on your House. 1885 Manch. Examiner 8 July 5/2 These set fire by rockets to the straw barracks. 1906 N.Y. Evening Post 15 Nov. 3 Two fires in tenement house letter boxes were set to-day at an early hour. 1907 E. Glyn Three Weeks vi. 93 As a child..who sets a light to a whole box of matches in play. 1976 Washington Post 19 Apr. b1/7 The school had been broken into and the fire had been set. 35. To stake the welfare or existence of (something) upon; also passive to be dependent for its destiny upon. to set on (at) cinque and sice, to set on six and seven: see cinque n. 3, six adj. and n. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > be caused by or result from [verb (transitive)] > depend on to stand in ——OE to lie inc1374 to stand upon ——a1393 to turn on ——a1413 to stand by ——a1450 lie1590 set1597 suspend1638 to turn upon ——1652 condition1868 ride1950 the world > existence and causation > causation > chance or causelessness > chance or risk [verb (transitive)] > venture upon or take the chances of adventurea1387 set1597 put1612 to risk it1758 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III v. vii. 9 I haue set my life vpon a cast, And I will stand the hazard of the die. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) v. i. 74 To set Vpon one Battell all our Liberties. View more context for this quotation 1670 J. Dryden Tyrannick Love v. i. 49 Yet all my Fortune on his death is set. 1832 R. Southey Hist. Peninsular War III. 859 When Rochejaquelein.. set life and fortune thus upon the die. 1894 W. J. Dawson Making of Manhood 74 Their life is set upon a rushing whirling star. 36. To put (one thing) in the balance against another; to compare (one thing) by or to another. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > compare [verb (transitive)] evenOE comparisonc1374 measurea1382 remenec1390 compare1509 confer?1531 to lay togethera1568 lay1577 paragona1586 paragonize1589 set1589 sympathize1600 confront1604 to name on (also in) the same day1609 collate1612 to lay down by1614 sampler1628 to set together1628 matcha1649 run1650 vie1685 to put together1690 the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > make equal [verb (transitive)] > balance against or counterbalance gaina1375 counterpoise1393 peisea1400 weigh1583 set1589 poise1600 to weigh against, again1600 affront1609 balance1624 cancel1633 counterbalance1636 counterpose1636 compensate1656 equilibriatea1657 outset1656 equiponderate1661 equipoise1664 equibalance1665 offset1673 countersway1710 to set off1749 counterweigh1825 equilibrate1829 to set against ——1832 equilibrize1833 a1000 Boeth. Metr. vi. 7 Hiora birhtu ne bið auht to gesettane wið þære sunnan leoht.] 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 196 When a man wil seeme to make things appeare good or bad,..he sets the lesse by the greater, or the greater to the lesse. 1687 Bp. G. Burnet Def. Refl. Varillas's Hist. Heresies 30 Improbabilities ought never to be set against Positive Proofs. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables lxviii. 68 This method of Setting what we Have against What we have Not. 1729 Act 2 Geo. II c. 22 §13 Where there are mutual Debts between the Testator or Intestate, and either Party, one Debt may be set against the other. 1873 H. Spencer Study Sociol. ii. 40 Against his professed theory may be set his actual practice. 1890 Illustr. London News 13 Sept. 331/1 Has she no human faults to set against so much sterile virtue? *** Where something is made to dwell in or rest upon a person or thing. 37. a. To place (one's hope or trust) in (also †on); to cause (one's thoughts or affections) to dwell upon or to be centred in something. to set one's heart on (also (†in). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > confident hope, trust > trust in, rely on [verb (transitive)] to set one's heart on (also (in)c825 littenc1175 leanc1230 fie1340 trusta1382 resta1393 reappose1567 repose1567 lite1570 rely1574 to set (up) one's rest1579 rely1606 to look back1646 recumba1677 to pin one's faith (also hope, etc.) on (also to) a person's sleeve1791 to look to ——1807 bank1884 the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > confident hope, trust > trust in, rely on [verb (transitive)] > put trust in setc825 besetc1175 laya1307 putc1400 repose1538 pin1583 c825 Vesp. Ps. lxxvii. 7 Ðæt hie setten in gode hyht. 971 Blickl. Hom. 227 Up to heofenum..þyder his modgeþanc a geseted wæs. a1300 E.E. Psalter lxi. 11 Nil þou set on þam þi hert. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 7226 Þai..on þe world þair hertes sett hard. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. x. 392 Many men..more sette here hertis In good þan in god. c1386 G. Chaucer Monk's Tale 854 In vengeance he al his herte sette. c1400 Rule St. Benet (Verse) 607 In god we set al our thoght. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur i. xvii. 62 Kyng Arthur sette his loue gretely vpon her. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. iiiv Whose myndes and studyes he..knewe to be..set in the poletique regiment..of the publique wealthe. 1576 G. Gascoigne Droomme of Doomes Day in Wks. (1910) II. 307 To set mynde, upon vice and wickednesse. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 195 His heart is very much set upon the enterprize of Ireland. 1714 J. Addison Lover No. 10. ⁋3 The fragility of china is such as a reasonable being ought by no means to set its heart upon. 1801 M. Edgeworth Forester in Moral Tales I. 110 He had set his fancy upon..his friend's horses. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair xliii. 391 She had set her mind on the Major. 1862 J. Tyndall Mountaineering in 1861 i. 3 We set our thoughts on the sublime and beautiful. 1870 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Gleanings 2nd Ser. 203 He had set his heart on seeing his son a clergyman. 1891 E. Gerard & D. Gerard Sensitive Plant III. iii. xii. 91 Jeannette had set her fancy there. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > intense emotion > affect intensely [verb (intransitive)] settlea1300 sinka1375 soundc1374 sticka1400 to sit at (also close to, near, nigh, next) one's hearta1425 to lie (also come, go) nearc1475 set1607 to go (also come) neara1616 penetratea1616 the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > [verb (intransitive)] hightOE hope971 tristc1200 dreama1393 set1607 to have one's fingers crossed1895 1607 T. Middleton Revengers Trag. iv. sig. G3 Where the hearts set, there goes the tongues consent. 1831 W. Scott Count Robert x, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. I. 290 Whether she had..felt a partiality towards one whose heart was not particularly set upon gaining hers. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring (a person or thing) into a state or condition set971 haveOE wendOE to bring onc1230 teemc1275 putc1330 run1391 casta1400 laya1400 stead1488 constitute1490 render1490 takea1530 introduce1532 deduce1545 throw?1548 derive?c1550 turn1577 to work up1591 estate1605 arrive1607 state1607 enduea1616 assert1638 sublime1654 to run up1657 the mind > attention and judgement > attention > earnest attention, concentration > fix the attention, concentrate [verb (transitive)] > implant, fix set971 fixc1430 engrave1509 settle1560 inviscerate1626 arresta1667 the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > effect produced on emotions > have an effect on [verb (transitive)] > cause to have effect on set971 incuss1527 incute1542 infix1542 strike1615 burna1840 971 Blickl. Hom. 125 Uton we symle þæs dæges fyrhto & egsan on ure mod settan. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7185 Iss ned tatt he. dredinng. & aȝhe sette. Onn alle þa [etc.]. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 2337 Þe laffdiȝ sannte marȝe..haffde sett inn hire þohht. To libbenn i clænnesse. a1225 Leg. Kath. 646 Sete, Iesu, swucche sahen i my muð to marhen. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 27 Alle menne sares setteð in oure heorte. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 6060 To seitt him soru at his hert. c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 24 If ȝe wil not sett to þe hert to ȝef glory to my name. 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus i. iii. sig. Gijv What care goest thou about to set at thy fathers hart. 39. a. To rest (one's eye, one's look) upon. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (transitive)] > stare or gaze at > fix (eyes) on setc1330 firm1590 nail1591 stellc1817 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 13821 Ilk on oþer auisement sett. c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 233 Vp on Grisilde..this Markys sette his eye. c1386 G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale 1053 At the firste look he on hire sette. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 4423 His syght on þe lyght he settys. 1579 Tale Hemetes the Heremite in A. Fleming tr. Synesius Paradoxe sig. e.ij I cold neuer more set eie vpon her. a1645 E. Waller To Amoret 5 Joy salutes me when I set My blest Eyes on Amoret. 1765 S. Foote Commissary ii. 29 The first time I set eyes on captain Wilkins..I accost him. 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xlvi. 446 He..never has been seen or heard of since, till I set eyes on him just now. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > seeing or looking > see [verb (transitive)] > succeed in seeing or catch sight of underyetec1000 aspya1250 kenc1275 ofyetec1275 choosea1300 akenc1300 descrivec1300 ofkenc1300 readc1300 espyc1320 descryc1330 spyc1380 discernc1405 discover1553 scan1558 scry1558 decern1559 describe1574 to make out1575 escry1581 interview1587 display1590 to set sight of (in)c1595 sight1602 discreevec1650 glance1656 to catch a glimpse of1679 steal1731 oversee1735 glimpse1779 twig1796 to clap eyes on1838 spot1848 sky1900 c1595 Capt. Wyatt in G. F. Warner Voy. R. Dudley to W. Indies (1899) 11 On which daie it pleased God that wee sett sight of a carvell. 1746 Exmoor Scolding (ed. 3) i. 4 Nif zo be tha dest bet zet Zeert [= sight] in Harry Vursdon. 40. To put (a mark, impression) upon; to place as a distinguishing mark, token, or imprint. Now rhetorical. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > marking > marking to identify > be distinctive mark on [verb (transitive)] > put (identifying mark) on setOE OE Genesis 2371 Abraham..sette friðotacen [viz. circumcision]..on his selfes sunu. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. iv. 15 The Lord sette a signe in Caym [1611 set a marke vpon]. 1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy iv. 2156 Al paie is good, be so þe prente be set. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) ii. ii. 30 In womens waxen hearts to set their formes. View more context for this quotation 1653 E. Manlove Liberties & Customes Lead-mines Derby 21 The Barghmaster..on the Spindel ought to set a nick, If that the grove unworked be three week. 1653 A. Marvell Let. 28 July in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 304 I shall hope to set nothing upon his Spirit but what may be of a good Sculpture. 41. To lay or spread (a surface of a certain kind) on an object; hence, to put (a favourable or specious appearance) upon a thing.to set a good face upon: see face n. Phrases 8b. to set a gloss upon: see gloss n.2 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > semblance, outward show > present speciously [verb (transitive)] > improve appearance paintc1390 set1540 daub1543 plaster1546 varnish1571 to gild over1574 adorn1589 parget1592 glaze1605 apparel1615 pranka1616 lustre1627 candidate1628 varnish1641 lacquer1688 whitewash1703 tinsel1748 duff1750 fineer1765 veneer1847 superficialize1851 gloss1879 window dress1913 beglamour1926 sportswash2012 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus ii. i. sig. Iiij Seinge thou settest as good a face vpon beanes, as if they were blanched almondes. 1573 G. Gascoigne tr. Ariosto Supposes iv. v, in Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 48 Oh, see..What a brasen face he setteth on it? 1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 iv. ii. 6 Iack Cade..meanes to turne this land, and set a new nap on it. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. vii. 105 Weele..set a double varnish on the fame The french man gaue you. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. ii. 143 You haue..Set a faire fashion on our entertainment. View more context for this quotation 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης Pref. sig. B4v They took him to set a face upon thir own malignant designes. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals ix, in tr. Virgil Wks. 41 Kick'd out, we set the best Face on't we cou'd. 1716 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 14 Sept. (1965) I. 262 I find that I have.., whatever face I set on't, a strong disposition to beleive in miracles. 42. To put (an edge or point) on, to. (Cf. sense 75.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > sharpness of edge or point > sharpen (a thing) [verb (transitive)] > put (an edge or point) on set1600 1600 T. Nashe Summers Last Will sig. F1 What sets an edge on a knife? the grindstone alone? no, the moyst element powr'd vpon it, which grinds out all gaps, sets a poynt vpon it. 1620 Westward for Smelts (1848) 11 This did but set an edge to her wanton appetite. 1647 C. Harvey Schola Cordis xxxix. 3 What I get Serves but to set An edge upon mine appetite. 1891 Cornhill Mag. Dec. 638 I am now setting a very keen edge to my blade. 43. a. To fix (a certain price) upon a thing; now chiefly in to set a price upon one's head and the like; otherwise expressed by put. (Cf. sense 89.) ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > pricing > attach a price to [verb (transitive)] > set or fix price (of) > set or fix price on set1530 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 715/2 And you set nat a price upon your marchaundyse, howe can it be bought? 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 492 Setting great ransom upon their Fisher-men. 1667 A. Marvell Let. 5 Jan. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 50 A Bill has bin read for setting the prices of wine as well upon the Merchant as Retaylor. 1687 Bp. G. Burnet Contin. Refl. Mr. Varillas's Hist. Heresies 35 There is not a word of any sum set on his Head. 1720 J. Ozell et al. tr. R. A. de Vertot Hist. Revol. Rom. Republic II. xi. 184 Sylla set a Price upon the Heads of all that were proscribed. 1765 T. Hutchinson Hist. Colony Massachusets-Bay, 1628–91 (ed. 2) ii. 305 He knew the premium set upon his head. 1861 Temple Bar 1 521 A price was set upon the head of the Prince. 1880 D. C. Davies Treat. Metallif. Minerals & Mining 420 s.v. To set a price upon a share in a mine. b. figurative. To put (a certain value) upon, have (a certain estimate) of. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] > place value on apprizea1400 counta1400 prize1487 valure1487 reckonc1515 even1571 valuate1588 value1589 rate1599 seta1616 ventilate?c1682 eventilate1706 appreciate1769 a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. iv. 48 Since of your liues you set So slight a valewation. View more context for this quotation 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iv. 160 That I On what I offer set as high esteem. View more context for this quotation 1756 M. Calderwood Lett. & Jrnls. (1884) x. 272 After setting a just value upon others, I must next set it on myself. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > impose setc888 layOE to lay on11.. enjoin?c1225 join1303 adjoina1325 cark1330 taxa1375 puta1382 impose1581 aggravate1583 fasten1585 clap1609 levy1863 octroy1865 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxix. §10 Þæt God nylle..nan unaberendlice broc him an settan. OE Genesis 1266 Hwonne frea wolde on wærlogan wite settan. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 61 Listeð nu wich þreat dauid setteð uppen us. 1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 55 Forto reise þe treuage, þat on þe lond was sette. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 23666 Pine..þat godd has sett vs for vr sin. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 6246 þe tax on þaim to sett. 1537 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Court of Requests (1898) 47 The seid felaweship..sett vpon euery of the seyd compleynauntes for his contribucion xij d. by the yere. 1552–3 Act 7 Edw. VI c. 12 §10 The somme or sommes upon hym sett to be due. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 115 There being a great penalty set upon any that carry their Armes. 1639 S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 220 This man sets a seisure on Nilamon's lands. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 399 He was to have a proportion of all the fines that should be set upon this evidence. 1761 Chron. in Ann. Reg. June Of which offence he being convicted, the Court set a fine on him. V. To appoint, institute (a person); to prescribe, ordain, establish (a thing). 45. To post or station (a person) in a certain place to perform certain duties.With infinitive this sense passes into 112b. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > place in assigned position set971 stall1415 stell1488 fix1569 statea1590 stationize1598 post1609 station1685 plant1693 stance17.. possie1918 971 Blickl. Hom. 177 Þa he bebyrged wæs, settan him hyrdas to. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 198 Isboseth lei slepde. & sette a wimmon ȝetewart. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 8113 Hii..at ech of þe vour ȝates sette an compaynie. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 10685 He astorede þe castel..& sette þer uolk inou to holde him aȝe þe kinge. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. x. 22 Þeose sixe ben I-set to saue þe Castel. a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) xxxv. f. 55 b Þe stable þat oweth to be sette or þe kyng comme. c1450 Mirk's Festial 16 Þen wer þer þefes set for hym yn a wod þat he most nede goo þrogh. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxxxiii. 259 Loke that ye set good watche at euery gate. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres ii. 22 He shall..assist him..in setting the watch. 1630 J. Winthrop Hist. New Eng. (1825) (modernized text) I. 10 Our captain, so soon as he had set the watch, at eight in the evening, called his men. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 140 Like Centries set . View more context for this quotation 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Watch To set the Watch, is to appoint one division of the crew to enter upon the duty of the watch. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth III. xiii. 251 How came he to leave the Castle after the watch was set? 1872 C. M. Yonge Cameos cviii, in Monthly Packet Jan. 29 A watch was set all round the castle. 1873 H. Spencer Study Sociol. x. 251 Spies have to be set to check them. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > appoint a person to an office [verb (transitive)] setc1000 stevenOE assign1297 inseta1300 stable1300 ordaina1325 instituec1384 to put ina1387 limitc1405 point?1405 stablish1439 institutec1475 invest1489 assumec1503 to fill the hands of1535 establish1548 settle1548 appoint1557 place1563 assumptc1571 dispose1578 seat1595 state1604 instate1613 to bring ina1616 officea1616 constitute1616 impose1617 ascribe1624 install1647 to set up1685 prick1788 society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [verb (transitive)] > appoint to an office or position setc1000 to make placea1387 give1535 placea1568 locate1602 shop1808 berth1865 line1886 c1000 Ags. Ps. civ. 17 He sette hine on his huse to hlafwearde. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 13438 I sette ȝuw to ben. Amang hæþene lede. Lihhtfattess muþ. a1300 Cursor Mundi 23877 Hirdes þat þe lauerd has sett. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 11753 Preistes..To do þe folk, als þai war sete, Ma sacrifies to þair maumet. c1400 Rule St. Benet (Prose) 20 Þabbes ah at set nan þar-to bot þat scho is sikir offe. c1450 Brut 429 He..made his testament full, and sette his executoris. c1460 Oseney Reg. 5 The which sett in the seyde church seculer chanons. c1460 R. Roos tr. La Belle Dame sans Mercy 613 There is no iuge yset on such trespace. 1486 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 7 Than I woll..admytte..an honest preest to the said Chauntry, & hym set & inducte in the same. 1498 Cov. Leet Bk. 597 Auditours therupon to be sett. 47. a. To place in a position of superiority or control over another (e.g. as a ruler, protector, guard). ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > appoint a person to an office [verb (transitive)] > appoint over another setc1000 preposea1492 superimpose1844 c1000 Ags. Ps. xvii. 48 Þa hælo þæs cynges ðe ðu gesettest ofer folcum. 1123 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) Hit wæs togeanes riht þæt man scolde setten clerc ofer muneces. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3910 To..settenn enngless oferr hemm To ȝemenn hemm. c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 38 Þe beoð ouer oþre iset & habbeð ham to witene. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 6222 Ouer al þat ost he sett leders. a1450 Rule St. Benet (Vesp.) 966 Lord, o-bouen set hase þou Souerayns to wham vs bus bew. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. iv. 76 b The Ambassadors, vnto whom they are set ouer as theyr gard. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 941 Us his prime Creatures,..Set over all his Works. View more context for this quotation a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1646 (1955) II. 512 [They] set a guard upon us. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. xiii. 80 The seventh man was set over the post-boy. 1845 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 I. v. 235 In the estimation of those whom he was set over. 1879 M. J. Guest Lect. Hist. Eng. xiv. 127 He promoted the French clergy, and set them over the English. b. To cause (a person) to act in a grievous way upon. to set (one) in another's neck: see neck n.1 Phrases 1c. Similarly to set on another's back. ΚΠ 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Piv They reyse vp the people..and them they sette in theyre neckes vnder the coloure of some olde tytle of ryghte. 1692 J. Dryden Cleomenes iv. i. 41 Your Friend was set upon you for a Spy. 1695 A. Wood Life (1895) IV. 49 He endeavoured to set Sir William Glynn on his back. c. to set (a person) on (another): to get him to use influence with. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > power > influence > have influence with [verb (transitive)] > get one to use influence with to set (a person) ona1715 a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 241 He took care to set the English Bishops on the King. 48. To appoint (a boundary, limit). Const. dative of person or equivalent with to. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or restricted in application > quality of being restricted or limited > restrict or limit [verb (transitive)] > set (a limit) setc888 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > bound or form boundary of [verb (transitive)] > set (a boundary) buttal1449 set1535 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxi He hæfð heora mearce swa gesette þæt hie ne mot heore mearce gebrædan. a1000 Ælfric Exodus xix. 23 Þu hete settan gemæro. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms ciii. 9 Thou hast set them their boundes, which they maie not passe. a1577 G. Gascoigne Grief of Joye i. xx, in Compl. Wks. (1910) II. 521 Asthough ye bounds were sett, How longe mans lyfe, might heere on earthe endure. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. vi. sig. Mm1 Since she found she could set no limits to his passions. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 538 Where bounds were set To darkness. View more context for this quotation 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 882 Those narrow Limits, which Vulgar Opinion and Imagination sets them. 1749 T. Smollett tr. A. R. Le Sage Gil Blas III. ix. i. 189 Ambitious fellows, who set no bounds to their desires. 1827 W. Scott Highland Widow in Chron. Canongate 1st Ser. I. xii. 243 My sufferings will soon be over; but yours—Oh, who but Heaven shall set a boundary to them! 1885 ‘L. Malet’ Col. Enderby's Wife II. iv. i. 130 The limits of our nature are set, and we can never cross them. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > [verb (transitive)] > time, appoint, or set a time for > appoint a time to be observed setc1000 society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > ordain, prescribe, or appoint > to be observed setc1000 ordainc1325 puta1475 c1000 Ags. Ps. lxxv. 7 Þæt ic þe symble dag sette and gyrwe. c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 310 Þes dæg [Pentecostes] wæs on ðære ealdan æ gesett and gehalgod. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 11 Þas daȝes beoð iset us to muchele helpe. a1300 Cursor Mundi 28260 Þe festes þat in kyrk ar sette. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 7 Zonday and þe oþre heȝe festes þet byeþ y-zet to loky ine holy cherche. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 171 Þe festes principals þet byeþ yzet ine holy Cherche vor God to bidde. 50. a. To ordain or establish (a regulation); to lay down (a law); to prescribe (a form or order). †Also, in Old English and Middle English, to ordain or lay it down (that something should be done). Obsolete or archaic.Cf. set adj.1 ΘΚΠ society > law > legislation > make (laws) or establish as law [verb (transitive)] setc893 lawa1023 makeOE lay11.. stablishc1405 constitue1489 constitute1535 c893 tr. Orosius Hist. i. ii. §3 Hio gesette ofer eall hyre rice þæt nan forbyrd nære [etc.]. OE Crist I 236 Sylfa sette þæt þu sunu wære efeneardigende mid þinne engan frean. a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1102 Hi þær manega beboda setton þe to Cristendome belimpað. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 491 Drihhtin haffde þanne sett. Þatt nan ne shollde wurrþenn. Þa sett to wurrþenn prest butt iff. He prestess sune wære. a1225 Leg. Kath. 359 Alle ich iseo þine sahen sotliche isette. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 461 Seint Poul..which made this now rehercid lawe and settide it to be had in vce. 1477 T. Norton Ordinall of Alchimy iv, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 46 Rasis set the Dietary. 1599 R. Bodenham in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 100 The chiefe of the Turkes set order yt none shal do any harme to the people or to their goods. 1667 S. Pepys Diary 14 Feb. (1974) VIII. 61 When our rules are once set..no Governor should offer to alter them. 1865 G. Grote Plato I. xii. 422 Actual positive laws: which..have..been set by some ill-qualified historical ruler, or have grown up insensibly. b. In certain games: to fix the number of points which shall constitute ‘game’ (see quot. 1898). ΚΠ 1897 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport I. 403/1 If the players are ‘13 all’, the game..may at the option of the out side be set to 5 or 3; if ‘14 all’ to 3. 1898 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport II. 241/2 The game consists of 15 points. If the players should arrive at 13 points each, the game can be ‘set’ at the option of him who first reaches 13, which means that a further 3 or 5 points may be similarly played. 51. a. To fix or appoint (a time) for the transaction of an affair, or as the term of a period. Also, to fix a time for. Cf. set adj.1 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > [verb (intransitive)] > appoint a time seta1056 stint1656 the world > time > particular time > [verb (transitive)] > time, appoint, or set a time for seta1056 givec1320 timea1393 attermine1413 day1594 settle1596 to set down1597 momenta1661 order1669 the mind > will > intention > planning > plan [verb (intransitive)] > arrange > fix upon a time seta1056 a1056 Diplom. Angl. (Thornton) 376 [Hi] settan dæg to þæt man to ðam lande scolde faran. a1122 [see α. forms]. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1278 A þon daie þet wes iset þa comen heo to-sumne. c1290 Beket 782 in S. Eng. Leg. 129 Ich þe lende þo fif hondred pound..Sete me þar-of ane schorte day for þov schalt heom ȝelde ech-on. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 103 Þere was i-sette a day to answere. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5939 Sett vs term wen we sal for þe prai. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. lxxxvii. 568 Sette ye a day said sir Tristram that we shalle doo bataille. 1577 Vicary's Profitable Treat. Anat. sig. A.ivv They shal..neuer set any certaine day of the sickemans health, for it lyeth not in their power. 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 308 Within three yeares (which shall be as precisely set and observed, as the hireling uses to keep account of the time agreed upon for his service). 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §120. 148 Upon his dispatching his Study within the time set him. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. xxi. 163 I thank my grandmamma and aunt for their kind summons. I will soon set my day. a1810 R. Tannahill Poems (1846) 21 Let's set the bridal night afore ye gang. 1890 M. E. Wilkins Far-away Melody 305 Two o'clock had been the hour set for the wedding. 1893 Field 18 Feb. 225/3 The club's opening day..is set for April 22. b. Said of God, destiny, etc.; also in impersonal passive. ΚΠ 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 191 The time set of kinde is come. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15163 Þe tide, þat in his suete wil was sett. a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 1 Þe teerme þat is sett of god, þat noman may a-schape. 1590 T. Lodge Rosalynde (Hunterian Club) 1 b You see that Fate hath set a period of my yeares. 1594 T. Kyd tr. R. Garnier Cornelia iv. ii. 147 Heauen sets our time. 1611 Second Maiden's Trag. (1909) i. ii. 12 Yet sir ther is a date set to all sorrowes. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 499 His Seed, when is not set, shall bruise my head. View more context for this quotation 1681 H. More Plain Expos. Daniel 199 God had set his time wherein these afflictions..should end. ΚΠ 1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. 84 We set upon the time that we should take our flight. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > occurrence > future events > [verb (transitive)] > decree, appoint, allot, or assign setc1000 spinc1374 weirdc1550 forlot1566 oss1600 foredoom1608 condemn1653 c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 64 Ac he sette gecamp geleaffullum sawlum. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4836 All þatt he setteþþ upp o þe Off sellþe. & off unnsellþe. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 775 & forr þi sette himm drihhtin godd To ben iohan ȝehatenn. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15548 Als prophetis has sett..I sal rise on þe thrid dai. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 522 He..Said it was sett to be so he saȝe by his artis. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) viii. l. 691 For Inglismen he settis no doym bot ded. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > ordain, prescribe, or appoint asetc885 teachc897 deemc900 ashapea1000 i-demeOE setc1000 shiftc1000 stevenOE redeOE willOE lookc1175 showc1175 stablea1300 devise1303 terminea1325 shapec1330 stightlea1375 determinec1384 judgea1387 sign1389 assize1393 statute1397 commanda1400 decree1399 yarka1400 writec1405 decreetc1425 rule1447 stallc1460 constitute1481 assignc1485 institute1485 prescribec1487 constitue1489 destinate1490 to lay down1493 make?a1513 call1523 plant1529 allot1532 stint1533 determ1535 appointa1538 destinec1540 prescrive1552 lot1560 fore-appoint1561 nominate1564 to set down1576 refer1590 sort1592 doom1594 fit1600 dictate1606 determinate1636 inordera1641 state1647 fix1660 direct1816 c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 312 On ðam ealdan Pentecosten sette God æ ðam Israhela folce. 1129 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) Crist sette red for his wrecce folc. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11690 Þe lare off haliȝ boc Þatt ȝuw iss sett to follȝhenn. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 11 Þe tuelf apostles þet hise zette to hyealde and to loky to alle þon þet wyleþ by yborȝe. c1430 Life St. Kath. (Roxb.) 28 After þe offices þat he hath sett vn to hem. c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 17 Sche took councell of Seyn Ambrose, and he sette hir þis reule. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxvii. 158 It would be in vain for one intelligent Being, to set a Rule to the Actions of another. 54. a. To present (an example or pattern) for others to follow; to introduce (a fashion). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > act in accordance with [verb (transitive)] > set (an example) setc1175 show?1403 shapec1610 the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > prototype > [verb (transitive)] > set an example of setc1175 exemplifya1450 sample1606 paradigmatize1646 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 5 Godalmihti..sette us bisne. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxvii. 1 Crist..settand him ensaumpile til rightwismen. 1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 57 Their Maister Christ gave them this precept, and set them this example. a1732 F. Atterbury Serm. Several Occas. (1734) I. 81 To trace all the Steps of that Example which he set us in the Flesh. 1786 Microcosm No. 11. 130 Homer having prescribed the form, or, to use a more modern term, set the fashion of Epic Poems. 1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. v. 378 A Thegn of Danish descent, Thurcytel.., set the example of flight. 1883 Church Times 9 Nov. 813/3 He set a pattern of controversial violence at a time when tolerance was the lesson most needed by all parties. 1890 S. Lane-Poole Barbary Corsairs ii. xvi. 213 The Genoese and Venetians set the models of these vessels. 1895 A. J. Balfour Found. Belief i. ii. 54 A fashion, as the phrase goes, has to be ‘set’. b. To put before a person (a specimen of work) to be followed, mark out (the lines) on which he is to work or proceed. ΚΠ 1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 iv. ii. 89 I tooke him setting of boyes coppies. 1638 F. Junius Painting of Ancients 8 Children follow the copies which are set them. c1680 W. Beveridge Serm. (1729) I. 586 To walk..in the ways which he hath set them. 1714 A. Pope Corr. 16 Aug. (1956) I. 242 I could turn writing master at last and set copies to children. 1862 A. Maclaren Milit. Syst. Gymnastic Exerc. 9 The instructor will set (i.e., perform in its perfect manner) each exercise. 1912 Scott. Hist. Rev. Jan. 193 Successful in a brief military campaign on lines set for him by his circumstances. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > begin or open (an action or proceeding) set?c1450 open1471 forward1598 initiate1604 to put in a way1624 to lead off1817 society > faith > worship > church music > [verb (transitive)] > sing or chant > lead singing set?c1450 to take up1577 line1853 hist1857 society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > singing > sing [verb (transitive)] > precent set?c1450 to take up1577 precent1639 tune1667 line1853 hist1857 ?c1450 in G. J. Aungier Hist. & Antiq. Syon Monastery (1840) 360 The chefe chauntresse. To whos charge..it belongeth for..to sette the songe euen and mensurably. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No 284 ⁋5 I had one Day set the Hundredth Psalm, and was singing the first Line in order to put the Congregation into the Tune. 1726 W. R. Chetwood Voy. & Adventures Capt. R. Boyle 165 One Sunday, as the Clerk had set the Psalm. 1742 H. Fielding Joseph Andrews I. i. vi. 25 I should be very willing to be his Clerk: for which you know I am qualified, being able to read, and to set a Psalm. View more context for this quotation d. In a chase or race, to set the pace, to proceed at a rate of speed to be followed by another; also in extended use. So to set the stroke (in rowing). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (intransitive)] > set speed of movement or progress to make (all) the running1824 to set the pace1891 society > travel > travel by water > propelling boat by oars, paddle, or pole > [verb (intransitive)] > row > set rate of strokes to set the stroke1891 1891 Murray's Mag. Mar. 367 Walking the pace set by her pupil. 1892 Field 2 Apr. 480/1 Elin, in the Cambridge boat, is setting a longer stroke. 1898 H. Newbolt Island Race 84 He's leading them straight for Blackmoor Gate, And he's setting a pounding pace! 1928 J. M. Barrie Peter Pan i, in Plays 19 Nana must go about all her duties in a most ordinary manner..; naturalness must be her passion; indeed, it should be the aim of every one in the play, for which she is now setting the pace. 1928 E. Wingfield-Stratford Hist. Brit. Civilization II. iii. 1090 Britain was ceasing to set the pace to her neighbours; she was beginning to show signs of flagging in the race. 1958 Engineering 4 Apr. 424/2 Do things before anyone else not wait to see what someone else does—set the pace and keep them hopping. e. Bowls, etc. (See quots.) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > bowls or bowling > play bowls [verb (transitive)] > set mark trig1706 set1888 1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) At each round [sc. of skittles] the loser has to set—i.e. to fix the spot where the bowl shall be delivered in the next. 1897 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport I. 129/2 [article Bowls] A ‘mark’ is set, thrown, or led, by the winners of an end after the score has been settled. 55. a. To allot or enjoin (a task). Const. dative of person or upon.In modern use often passive said of what is required to be done. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > duties > [verb (transitive)] > assign a task to a person > give (work) as task seta1300 taska1641 a1300 Cursor Mundi 29000 Crist..has he sett vs certain task quilk ar þai bones for to ask. 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §127 (1699) 235 Set him such a Task, to be done in such a time, as may allow him no opportunity to be idle. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth III. xii. 234 Repeating the words like a task which was set him. 1821 Baroness Bunsen in A. J. C. Hare Life & Lett. Baroness Bunsen (1879) I. 187 While I sit working or setting work. 1845 J. Pycroft Collegian's Guide 107 I shall close my door another morning after the first five minutes, and then set impositions. 1847 F. Marryat Children of New Forest I. xiv. 265 I shall not set him anything to do. 1884 Manch. Examiner 17 June 5/1 The master..was in the habit of setting lessons for the children to work upon at home after school hours. 1892 Standard 27 July 7/5 The Club were set 94 runs to win. 1892 Field 6 Feb. 188/1 We had our work set to keep up with hounds. b. Mining, etc. To appoint the amount of (work to be done). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > work > amounts of work > appoint amount of work [verb (transitive)] set1742 stint1794 1742 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 3) I. 141 They appoint..the Quantity each Dredgerman shall take in a Day, which is usually called Setting the Stint. 1868 R. M. Ballantyne Deep Down xxviii The manager..read out the names, positions, etc., of the various ‘pitches’ that were to be ‘sett’ for the following month. 1880 D. C. Davies Treat. Metallif. Minerals & Mining 420 To set bargains or work to miners. 1900 Daily News 3 Dec. 10/3 Those other bargains which it was impracticable to ‘set’ on the 19th and 20th November will be ‘set’ as usual on the same day (December 5th). c. To propound (a question or set of questions) to be solved or answered; to prescribe (a book) for an examination or a course of study. ΘΚΠ society > education > educational administration > examination > examine a candidate [verb (transitive)] > set a question set1711 society > education > educational administration > examination > examine a candidate [verb (transitive)] > set a question > prescribe a book for set1891 1711 [see α. forms]. 1845 J. Pycroft Collegian's Guide 317 [It] enabled Williamson.. to answer two of the ethical questions with the ipsissima verba of two of the examiners who set them. 1889 E. Lynn Linton Thro' Long Night I. i. vii. 101 No mind-reader..could have solved the problem had it been set him. 1890 Jrnl. Educ. June 297/2 He will henceforward set no papers either in Greek or in Latin verse. 1891 Murray's Mag. 10 743 Milton's ‘Areopagitica’ is set for examinations. 1895 Law Times 99 547/1 The intermediate examination is in special books set from time to time. a. To appoint (a meeting), make (an appointment). Also absol. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > [verb (transitive)] > time, appoint, or set a time for > appoint a meeting or make an appointment setc1330 the mind > will > intention > planning > plan [verb (transitive)] > arrange beteec1275 tailc1315 castc1320 ordaina1325 setc1330 tightc1330 accord1388 tailyec1480 assign1558 raise1652 settle1694 work1761 arrange1786 engineer1831 c1330 Arth. & Merl. 4702 Galathin & Gawainet To gider com, þer þai hadde set. c1480 (a1400) St. Mary of Egypt 1160 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 329 To þe kirk he come but let, quhare scho to hyme triste set. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. ii. 106 Nowe shall we knowe if Gadshill haue set a match. View more context for this quotation a1810 R. Tannahill Poems (1846) 19 They set their tryst where neist again to meet. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > ordain, prescribe, or appoint > to be held set1523 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. l. 30 Ther was a counsell set to be at Uyllenort. a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 394 He sett ane parliament at Edinburgh to be haldin the tent day of Juin. 57. a. To let on lease, lease, let. Also to set in feu, in feu ferm, in lease, in tack. Now local. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > hiring or letting out > hire or rent out [verb (transitive)] > let or lease land or house to let (also put, set, etc.) (out ,forth) to (alsoin, for) farma1325 set1422 rent1530 farm1576 to farm out1576 vent1603 tenant1721 arrenta1754 1422 in J. Raine Hist. & Antiq. N. Durham (1852) App. 104 For til haue Set & to ferme latty[n] to my der frende all my landis of Eddirham. 1426 in C. Rogers Chartul. Priory Coldstream (1879) 43 Be it kend..ws Wilȝame Drax..till haue set and to ferme lattyn al ye landis of Litill Swynton. c1480 Oseney Reg. (Exch. MS.) 60 b Howses..the which, to whoome soo ever they will, they maye sett or lette. 1495 Rolls of Parl. VI. 465/1 Moche lesse Rent..then the said Lordshippes..myght resonably be sette for. 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng iii. f. 2v How moche euery acre is worthe to set by the yere. 1564 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 304 He..hes.. set and disponit the few of the saidis landis owir his heid. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxvii. 635 That these Censors should set and to ferme let the territorie of Capua. 1618 in Rec. Convent. Royal Burghs Scotl. (1878) III. 61 Thai..sall nather sell, dispone or sett in few or in tak anie of the saids lands. 1682 G. Vernon Life P. Heylyn 120 He removed his Study to Alresford, setting his House for no more than 3 l. a year. 1693 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. (ed. 2) ii. xi. 347 All Tacks set by the Vassal without the Superiors Consent. 1710 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 26 Oct. (1948) I. 70 I have had also a letter from Parvisol, with an account how my livings are set, and that they are fallen, since last year, sixty pounds. 1788 E. Burke Speech against W. Hastings in Wks. (1822) XIII. 233 By setting the rest to farmers at rents and under hopes, which could never be realized. 1790 J. Wolcot Compl. Epist. to Bruce in Wks. (1816) II. 163 A comely spot..; A lease-hold though..; Set..at a moderate rent. 1806 W. M. Morison Decisions Court of Session XXXIII. 14259 The magistrates and council did set in lease to certain persons a stell fishing. 1884 R. Hunt Brit. Mining 107 The custom of setting or leasing a mine on tribute. 1910 P. W. Joyce Eng. as we speak it in Ireland 319 A struggling housekeeper failed to let her lodging, which a neighbour explained by: ‘Ah, she's no good at setting’. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > mining > mine [verb (intransitive)] > take mining lease set1653 1653 E. Manlove Liberties & Customes Lead-mines Derby 3 May set In any ground, and there Lead-oar may get. 1653 E. Manlove Liberties & Customes Lead-mines Derby 37 The Vulgar term, is setting for a Mine, For the grace of God, and what I there can find. 1653 E. Manlove Liberties & Customes Lead-mines Derby 41 Another Miner for a Crosse-vein sets. a. transitive. To establish by agreement or authority (a settled condition, an alliance, a peace). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > make an agreement with [verb (transitive)] > negotiate setc900 treat1357 merchantc1400 tract1508 article1526 capitulate1567 articulate1602 to stand with ——1616 huckster1642 traffica1649 transact1654 negotiate1720 renegotiate1787 c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. iii. xviii. §1 Þa wilnode he þæt lif onhyrigan, þe he well gesæt geseah in Gallia rice. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14988 Heo setten grið heo sette frið. a1300 Cursor Mundi 25870 Þer has þi schrift sett end o pyne, Þat elles war wit-vten fine. a1450 Le Morte Arth. 2331 A trews they sette and sekeryd thare. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. lii. 30 b The thyrde shulde set agrement bytwene them. 1535 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 411 As ye can..sett a fynall ende therin. 1545 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Court of Requests (1898) 175 To sett suche fynall ordre and determinacion therin as maye stand with our Lawes. 1576 G. Gascoigne Droomme of Doomes Day in Wks. (1910) II. 352 Thynke not..that I came to set peace in the world. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) i. 31 It is now high time to set an end to this discourse. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. ii. 2 Hauing sette an order in his householde affaires. 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 27 Why do thy disciples violate and neglect this good order, set by our wise Elders in their repast? 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 113 I have in my first sentence set an order in these affaires. 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea Ep. Ded. 14 You were readie to set an end to the present differences. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > put in (proper) order [verb (transitive)] > specific matters of any kind engross1430 redd?a1513 convene1521 to set a stay1538 solute1560 set1605 to wind up1780 arrange1837 square1853 1605 J. Stow Annales (new ed.) 1426 [Jas. I] called a councell to him, and taking order for setting all things in his Realme of Scotland, began his voyage towards England. 1619 Cushman in Bradford Plymouth Plant. (1856) 36 I..could not effecte yt which I aimed at, neither can yet sett things as I wished. VI. To put in position, arrange, fix, adjust. * To fix or arrange in a required position or manner. 59. To spread out (a net) to catch animals; to lay (a trap). †Also absol.For set a gin, snare, trap used phraseologically in a figurative sense, see the nouns. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunt [verb (transitive)] > trap > set traps setc825 teldc1000 layc1200 to set up1579 tail1770 toila1819 c825 Vesp. Ps. cxviii. 110 Setten synfulle gerene me. a1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 92 Ic brede me max and sette hig on stowe gehæppre. a1250 Owl & Nightingale 1057 Þe louerd.., Lym & grune & wel ihwat Sette & leyde þe for to lacche. ?a1366 Romaunt Rose 1620 His gynnes hath he [Love] sett withoute, Ryght for to cacche in his panters These damoysels & bachelers. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Jer. v. 26 Fouleres settynge snaris and trappis. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 711/2 Go set for some connyes. a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 56 As they had ben settand tinchellis for the murther of wyld beistes. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 61 For stalking Cranes to set the guileful Snare. View more context for this quotation 1817 J. Mayer Sportsman's Direct. (ed. 2) 176 To have traps constantly set and baited. 1827 Act 7 & 8 Geo. IV c. 18 §1 If any Person shall set or place..any Spring Gun, Man Trap, or other Engine calculated to destroy human Life. 1842 Act 5 & 6 Victoria c. 106 §7 Every Person offending by setting or leaving set any such Net. 1889 A. Conan Doyle Micah Clarke iv. 26 We..proceeded to set our lines [for fishing]. 1890 Good Words Aug. 549/1 The snare was set..outside the field. 60. a. To put (a thing) in place; to fix up in the proper or required manner; †to erect (a tent, a mast); in early use often = to set up at Phrasal verbs 2. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > in proper manner set1399 1399 W. Langland Richard Redeles iii. 166 Kerving þe cloþe all to pecis, Þat seuene goode sowers..Moun not sett þe seemes ne sewe hem aȝeyn. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 1143 And þen trussis him to Tyre & þare his tentis settis. 1429–30 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 73 For ijc latthes set..xvj d. 1533 J. Heywood Play of Wether sig. Ciiiv Except ye be perfyt in settynge your [mill]stones. 1603 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 151 A mason, iiij days and halfe settinge the chimly pyppes. a1647 P. Pett Life in Archaeologia (1796) 12 283 We reared our sheers to set our masts. 1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. (1682) ii. 187 Whilst I set the screw all things in the Receiver suffered a compression. 1720 D. Defoe Life Capt. Singleton 294 She lay to set her Mast. 1735 W. Pardon Dyche's New Gen. Eng. Dict. Set,..a Term used for turning a Crane round, so as to raise the Weight that is to be shipped from the Shore. 1765 B. Franklin Let. 4 June in Wks. (1887) III. 390 You mention nothing of the furnace. If that iron one is not set, let it alone till my return. 1830 P. Hedderwick Treat. Marine Archit. 280 Having the sheer adjusted and set fair on one side. 1863 G. A. Lawrence Border & Bastille iv The fore and hind wheels are nearly the same height, and set very close together. 1870 Inq. Yorks. Deaf & Dumb 18 She has been occupied in setting cards to card wool with. 1883 Law Times Rep. 49 139/1 He [a slater] was to have 4s. a square, 2d. a foot for setting the ridge. 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II. 498 The lancets are set and released simultaneously. 1891 Labour Commission Gloss. Setting trees, the placing of timber props to support the roof in a coal mine. b. = to set (a-)going at sense 114c. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > cause to begin to act or operate to put (also set) to worka1398 to put on work?1440 streek?a1500 setc1500 to put (also set) in (also into) motion1598 spring1598 to set offa1625 to put (also set) in work1626 to set (a-)going1705 start1822 to start up1865 to set in motion1890 c1500 T. More Wks. iij A toppe can I set, and dryue it in his kynde. 1781 W. Cowper Let. 28 May (1979) I. 487 When the press is once set..[the printers] are rather impatient of any delay. 1819 Hayman Art of Brewing 16 When the tap is set, the liquor passes perpendicularly through the goods. 1832 D. Brewster Lett. Nat. Magic xi. 294 He can, by setting an engine, produce [etc.]. 61. To insert (a stitch). to set a stitch, to use needle and thread, to sew. Formerly †to set seams. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > sew to set a stitch1683 1683 W. Kennett tr. Erasmus Witt against Wisdom 94 For a poor Cobbler to set a stitch on the Sabbath day. c1771 S. Foote Maid of Bath iii. 66 I am almost resolved never to set another stitch for him as long as I live. 1856 C. M. Yonge Daisy Chain xxvii. 654 Bellairs..shed a tear for every stitch she set in the trousseau. 1862 C. M. Yonge Countess Kate xiv. 269 She has never let Lily wear a stitch but of her setting. 62. Baking, Glass-making, etc. To put into the oven or furnace. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > perform general or industrial manufacturing processes [verb (transitive)] > burn or bake anneala1382 set1483 fire1549 neala1552 burn1664 1483 Cath. Angl. 263/1 To set in Owen..jn fornacem ponere. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 714/1 At the settyng in to the oven folkes make syde loves. 1735 W. Pardon Dyche's New Gen. Eng. Dict. Set,..in particular used by Bakers, as putting their Bread, &c. into the Oven. 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 577 [article Glass-making] Before setting the pots in the furnace. 1845 P. Barlow Manuf. in Encycl. Metrop. VIII. 459/1 The seggars, in setting-in the oven, are first placed in the spaces between the bags opposite the entrance. 1845 G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. 4th Ser. 45 The withdrawal of an old pot and replacing it with a new one is called ‘setting a pot’. 1854 G. Read Biscuit Baker's Assist. (ed. 2) 15 An old practice of setting a suit of biscuits, called ‘chuck and shove’. 1885 Lock in Workshop Rec. 4th Ser. 171/1 Before commencing to ‘set’ the retorts. 63. a. To fix (a stone or gem) in a surface of metal as an ornament; †formerly also on a garment (cf. set n.1 22). Also, to fashion (a design or pattern) in precious stones. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > making jewellery or setting with jewels > set or stud (something) with gems [verb (transitive)] > inlay or set (gems) dentc1440 set1501 close1530 enchasea1533 couch1578 becrampoun1582 inset1658 chase1859 1501 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 91 A ryng of gold wt a toorkes set in. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 710/2 I wyll set my rubye in fyne golde. 1598 Floure & Leafe in T. Speght Wks. G. Chaucer f. 366v/1 Many a rich stone Was set on the purfiles. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies vi. xiv. 459 To cut, and set the stones in worke. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Chron. xxix. 2 Onix stones, and stones to be set . View more context for this quotation 1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 141 Vertue is a rich ston, best plaine set. 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 245. ⁋2 A Crochet of 122 Diamonds, set strong and deep in Silver. 1737 S. Berington Mem. G. di Lucca 17 We found several Precious Stones, some Set, some Unset, of a very great Value. 1828 Mirror V. 15/2 Fine brilliants are always set open. 1890 W. C. Russell Ocean Trag. xxvii On the back..were his initials set in brilliants. b. transferred and figurative. To place (a thing) in a certain setting; †to frame (a picture). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > condition or preservation of paintings > [verb (transitive)] > frame set1530 the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > in a certain setting set1822 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 711/1 Now that my picture of the crucifix is set in bordes. 1713 J. Addison Spectator No. 328 2nd ed. v. She..draws all her Relations Pictures in Miniature; [which]..must be..set by no body but Charles Mather. 1822 S. T. Coleridge Table-talk 29 Dec. A scrubby boy, with a shining face set in dirt. 1826 New Monthly Mag. 16 534 It is a dark and terrible picture richly set in a massive framework of old English manners. 1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate I. iii. 73 Large square windows set in stone. c. To fix (artificial teeth) on the plate. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > dentistry > practise dentistry [verb (transitive)] > procedures in making dentures set1844 flask1873 post-dam1910 to try in1921 1844 P. B. Goddard (title) The anatomy..of the human teeth; with methods of treatment; including operations, and making and setting teeth. 1878 C. Hunter Mech. Dentistry viii. 100 The models..must now have wax plates made for them, and upon these the teeth are set. 64. a. To put (a sail) up in position to catch the wind. Also said of a ship carrying (so much canvas). ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > carry specific amount of sail [verb (transitive)] > set or spread (sails) spreadc1325 seta1400 tilla1665 a1400 [see to set to 2 at Phrasal verbs 2]. figurative.1819 G. Crabbe Tales of Hall I. xi. 316 A daily guest the man appear'd, Set all his sail, and for his purpose steer'd.1843 A. Bethune Sc. Peasant's Fire-side 15 Setting all the sail they could to catch the gale of admiration.1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. ix. 41 Set your fore-saile. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. ii. 16 Loose the Main-sail, and set him. 1799 Naval Chron. 1 377 Their..ships..set all their plain sails. 1805 in Ld. Nelson Dispatches & Lett. (1846) VII. 166 (note) All our masts badly wounded and no sail fit to set. 1890 Chambers's Jrnl. 26 July 469/2 There was no more canvas on her to set. 1892 Eng. Illustr. Mag. 10 42 When under full sail this vessel sets 45,000 square feet of canvas. b. to set sail: to start on a sea voyage. Also †to set one's sails: to sail. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > [verb (intransitive)] > set out on a voyage to go to seac900 to take the seac1275 to go or fere to (the) saila1375 sail1387 to make saila1500 to set sail1513 lance1526 launch1534 to put off1582 to put out?1587 to put forth1604 to come to sail1633 underweigh1891 to take sail1904 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. xiii. 69 That salflie throw the se It may be lefull thai thare salis set. 1599 R. Bodenham in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 100 After the sayde dayes expired, I wayed & set saile for the Iland of Chio. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 227 On the sixt of June they were licensed to set sail. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 507. ¶6 When Pompey was desired not to set Sail in a Tempest that would hazard his Life. 1768 H. Brooke Fool of Quality III. xvi. 180 He reimbarked in the frigate, and directly set sail. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. Hist. Eng. III. 118 Buonaparte set sail from Toulon. 65. a. To put (a movable part of an instrument or piece of mechanism) in a certain position. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > cause to have specific position or arrangement [verb (transitive)] > specifically a movable part of an instrument setc1400 c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §3. 17 Tho sette I the centre of this Alhabor vp-on 18 degrees among myn Almy-kanteras. 1639 E. Chilmead tr. R. Hues Learned Treat. Globes iv. xii The Globe being set to the latitude of the place. 1675 J. Smith Horol. Dialogues ii. 39 What hour soever you would have your Larrums to ring at, to that figure..set your Larrum hand. 1833 Encycl. Brit. VI. 800 A larger knob or button..sets the hand of the watch backward or forward as may be necessary. 1857 C. Hoare Wine & Spirit Merchant's Guide 49 Set the length on the slide to 18.79 on D. 1879 Man. Siege & Garrison Artillery Exercises 116 No. 1 having set his scale replaces it in the gun. 1879 Man. Siege & Garrison Artillery Exercises 117 He first sets the tangent scale to the required deflection. 1883 R. H. Scott Elem. Meteorol. 68 Just before setting the vernier. b. Computing. To cause (a binary storage unit) to enter a prescribed state, spec. that representing 1. Also intransitive, to enter a prescribed state. ΚΠ 1948 Electronics Apr. 127/1 The initial values can be set into the computer without too much time lag. 1957 R. K. Richards Digital Computer Components & Circuits vi. 263 The real problem in devising a large-capacity storage system is not so much in the storage elements themselves as in providing means to gain access to any specified individual storage element for the purpose of sensing..or setting its status. 1968 Maley & Heilweil Introd. Digital Computers vi. 82 The latch is simply a circuit whose output can be set to 1, or reset to 0, and it will remain at either one of these two values until another set or reset operation changes its value. 1971 J. H. Smith Digital Logic i. 12 A binary divider is a modified toggle which has only one input. If electrical pulses are applied to this input the unit will ‘set’. The second pulse will ‘reset’ the circuit. 66. Bell-ringing. To ring (a bell) up till it stands still in an inverted position, either balanced or held by the stay and the slider. Also intransitive of the bell. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > bell-ringing > [verb (transitive)] > bring to position set1671 sally1735 to ring up1855 1671 Tintinnalogia 3 He is able to Set a Bell Fore-stroke and Back-stroke. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 462/2 Ringing in Set Changes, that is, the Bells being Set, they order which Bell shall lead away & what to follow. 1788 W. Jones et al. Key to Art of Ringing (repr.) 9 (note) As the first half-pull sets the bell up at back-stroke..; so the next half-pull brings her at hand or fore-stroke, which is the position we suppose her to have set off from.] a1823 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XV. 410 The first step he (the learner) makes in this art, is to learn perfectly to set a Bell, both back stroke and fore. 1860 E. B. Denison Clocks & Watches & Bells 420 A bell of about 52 cwt...which he and some other boys used to raise and set (i.e. ring till it stands mouth upwards). 1871 W. Wigram Change-ringing Disentangled 41 The learner should begin his practice on a bell when ‘set’. 1875 Haweis in Encycl. Brit. III. 539/1 The first half-pull ‘drops’ the bell, the second ‘sets’ it. 67. a. To put (a liquid) in a vessel, at a certain temperature, strength, etc., ready to undergo a process; spec. in Cheese-making (see quot. 1861 and cf. to set together at Phrasal verbs 2). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [verb (transitive)] > prepare milk for cheese beclipc1400 wella1425 earn1670 set1736 yearn1818 to set together1837 the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > for use > material > liquid for undergoing a process set1736 1736 N. Bailey Dict. Domesticum at Cheese The milk must be set to turn in two different vessels. 1789 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Glocestershire I. 275 The evening's meal is set for cream; and, being skimmed in the morning, is added to the morning's meal. 1789 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Glocestershire I. 297 The heat of the milk when set 83½°. 1852 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 13 i. 37 The churn should be set at 58° or 60°. 1861 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 22 i. 50 The temperature of the milk when it is ‘set’ (that is, when the rennet is added). 1875 F. J. Bird Dyer's Hand-bk. 39 Run your cloth through a jigger, set with cutch at 4° Twaddle, temperature about 180° Fahr. b. Baking and Brewing. To add barm or yeast to. to set the sponge: to leaven a mass of flour. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > brewing > [verb (transitive)] > add yeast to set1743 pitch1875 the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of bread > prepare bread [verb (transitive)] > add leaven or raise sourdoughc1384 leavena1400 raisea1500 set1743 sponge1773 the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of bread > prepare bread [verb (intransitive)] > add leaven to set the sponge1841 1743 W. Ellis Suppl. to London & Country Brewer (ed. 2) 329 This Servant..being obliged to set his Drink that Night. 1841 Guide to Trade, Baker 41 The..journeyman..is occupied in carrying out bread till about half-past four, when he sets the sponge. 1844 T. Webster & F. Parkes Encycl. Domest. Econ. §4317 The sponge being thus set, cover the whole over with a cloth. ** To put in a certain order or arrange according to a plan. a. To compose, write (a treatise, book). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > art or occupation of writer or author > be the author of or write (a work) [verb (transitive)] setc888 adighteOE awriteeOE writeeOE dightc1000 workOE makelOE brevea1225 ditea1300 aditec1330 indite1340 betravail1387 compone1393 saya1475 compile1477 compose1483 comprise1485 recite1523 pen1530 contex1542 invent1576 author1597 context1628 to make up1630 spawn1631 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. ii Ða lioð..ic sceal nu..mid swiþe ungeradum wordum gesettan. a950 Prose Life Guthlac (1848) Prol. For ðisum þingum ic ðas boc sette. c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 576 Dauid ðurh ðone Halgan Gast ða sealmas sette. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 12 Þe uerste article ys þellich. ‘Ich beleue ine god þe uader almiȝti..’. Þis article zette saynte peter. a1400 Launfal 4 Of a ley that was ysette, That hyght Launval. ?1473 W. Caxton in tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. Pref. lf. 1v Whyche was in prose so well and compendiously sette and wreton. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > translate [verb (transitive)] setc888 wendeOE turnc1175 writec1275 drawa1325 translatea1375 expound1377 takea1382 interpret1382 transpose1390 remue?a1400 renderc1400 put?a1425 to draw outa1450 reducec1450 compile1483 redige?1517 make1529 traducea1533 traduct1534 converta1538 do1561 to set out1597 transcribe1639 throw1652 metaphrase1868 versionize1874 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. Proem Hwilum he sette word be worde, hwilum andgit of andgite. c1425 Eng. Conq. Irel. 90 The forme of thay preuyleges..ne myght I nat comly setten yn Englyshe. 1601 W. T. tr. R. Nannini Civill Consid. 1st Ep. Ded. I attempted to set it out of French into our vulgar tongue. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > express in a specific style [verb (transitive)] > express in particular terms layc1330 setc1460 couch1529 terma1535 phrase1556 put1571 shape1589 word1602 c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 3781 Geffrey set his wordis in such manere wise. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope ii. xii Of a fewe wordes euyll sette cometh a grete noyse and daunger. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 714/2 Beware of hym, he can sette his wordes, I tell you. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > astrology > [verb] > calculate castc1374 calk1401 set1570 planet1596 calculatea1616 astrologizea1734 1570 in Archaeologia 40 391 Bedo..desyred this examynate to cast a fygure for certen monny that was hydden..and upon his importunat sute this examynate sett a fygure. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)] britteneOE to-dealeOE dealOE britOE setc1275 dispensec1374 dispendc1375 to-seta1387 dispone1429 disposec1430 sparple1435 demean1439 distributea1464 distribue1477 issuec1484 communy1530 to deal out1535 impart1545 disperse1555 retail1576 digest1578 deliver1626 to hand out1648 to dispose of1676 dispensate1701 dole1701 to give out1710 sling1860 to give away1889 to pass out1926 dish1934 971 Blickl. Hom. 79 & þæt land gesetton swa hie sylfe woldon.] c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12020 Arður hafde France and freoliche heo sette. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 7780 Þo he adde iset is londes. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 903 Tvo ȝere he sett þat land, His lawes made he cri. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > draw up (troops) > in battle array setc1275 host1297 ordainc1300 devisec1325 battle1330 arraya1375 stuffc1390 addressa1393 embattle1393 fit?a1400 stedilla1400 fewterc1440 to pitch (also set) a fielda1500 order1509 pitcha1513 deraign1528 marshal1543 re-embattle1590 size1802 form1816 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13691 Ælc king of his folke ȝarkede ferde. Þa hit al was iset & ferden isemed. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 432 Brut ordeinede is ost, and sette hom wisliche. c1420 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 634 The capyteyns..B[e]st to set hys felde and folow on the chase. c1503 R. Arnold Chron. sig. Avv Ye duke of yorke set his felde at brent heth. 1562 P. Whitehorne Certain Waies Orderyng Souldiers f. 1 (heading) , in tr. N. Machiavelli Arte of Warre Certaine waies for the orderyng of Souldiours in battelray, & settyng of battailes. 1608 G. Chapman Conspiracie Duke of Byron v. sig. H4 I am not hee that can set my Squadrons ouer-night [etc.]. 71. Thesaurus » a. To make (a table) ready for a meal, spread (a table) with food, etc. b. To lay (a meal). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > [verb (transitive)] > lay out meal set1575 spread1648 c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 975 She gan the hous to dighte, And tables for to sette. a1547 in Fosbrooke Econ. Mon. Life (1796) 84 The bordes was divers times set. 1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle ii. i. sig. Bii Was there none at home thy dinner for to set. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Baucis & Philemon in Fables 158 The good old Huswife tucking up her Gown, The Table sets. 1794 A. M. Bennett Ellen I. 21 He..declined partaking of the supper, which was setting on the table. 1861 Temple Bar 1 343 Go and set the tea. 1884 J. T. Trowbridge Farnell's Folly II. xxxvi. 101 You may as well set the table for two. 1890 Universal Rev. Aug. 580 A table is set with refreshments. c. To arrange the colours in the desired order on (a palette). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > art of colouring > colour [verb (transitive)] > arrange colours cast1567 mass1753 set1847 1847 Man. Oil-painting 126 To set a palette is to arrange the tints and colours in their due order for service. 1866 E. Yates Land at Last I. vii. 122 By the easel..were a big palette already ‘set’, a colour-box, and a sheaf of brushes. 72. Printing. To place (type) in the order in which it is to be printed from; to compose, set up (type); hence, to put (manuscript) into type. Also absol. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > preparatory processes > composing > compose [verb (intransitive)] set1530 society > communication > printing > preparatory processes > composing > compose [verb (transitive)] set1530 compose1637 to set up1668 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 711/2 Your worke must nedes go forwarde, for I have foure that do nothyng else but set upon it. 1535 G. Joye Apol. Tindale sig. Ciiiv I correked but the false copye wherby and aftir whyche the printer dyd sette his boke. 1609 C. Tourneur Funerall Poeme sig. C4v As practis'd Printers, Sett and Distribute Their Letters. 1637 Decree Starre-Chamber conc. Printing xxiv. sig. G2v If any person..that is not allowed Printer..shall worke at any such Presse, or Set, or Compose any Letters to bee wrought by any such Presse. 1708 in T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (O.H.S.) II. 126 The third sheet..is set. 1830 M. R. Mitford Our Village IV. 241 The proprietor of the county newspaper, who keeps the advertisement of this matchless villa constantly set. 1864 Daily Tel. 28 June Next, to the composing-room, where I find about seventy men at work ‘setting’ small scraps of copy before them. 1892 Leisure Hour Feb. 232/2 The type from which the journal is set. 1899 Tit-Bits 8 Apr. 36/2 A good compositor can set 12,000 letters a day. 1964 F. Bowers Bibliogr. & Textual Crit. vi. i. 161 The sole purpose of saving the printer the labour of setting from a difficult manuscript. 73. a. To put (words) to (†in) music; to write (a musical composition) for certain voices or instruments. Also (less frequently) to put (music) to words, adapt (a melody) to, compose (a tune). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > composing music > compose [verb (transitive)] > set to music set1502 air1608 musicate1614 compose1685 melodize1881 music1897 musicalize1919 1502 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 2 For setting an Anthem of oure lady and Saint Elizabeth. 1502 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 83 Item to Cornishe for setting of a carralle upon Cristmas day. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. viij Exercisyng hym self dayly..in settyng of songes, makyng of ballettes, & did set .ii. goodly masses, euery of them fyue partes. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccxxxiij This Psalme..he made it also in metre, and set a note to it. 1600 T. Nashe Summers Last Will sig. D2 He..setteth wanton songs vnto the Lute. 1607 G. Chapman Bussy D'Ambois v. 61 Consorts fit to sound forth harmony, Set to the fals of kingdomes. 1645 (title) Poems of Mr. John Milton... The songs were set in Musick by Mr. Henry Lawes. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1661 (1955) III. 293 [It] plaied 9 or 10 Tunes on the bells very finely; some of them set in parts. 1693 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 134 A fine consort of musick, wherein the word Maria was soe sett it took up halfe an hour in singing. 1762 G. Colman Musical Lady ii. i. 19 Sophy. And you really think it is set prettily... Mask. Delightfully!..and sung — O heavens! 1774 A. M. Storer in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1844) III. 77 An air set to the words of one of his own ballads. 1821 P. B. Shelley Song iv Let me set my mournful ditty To a merry measure. 1870 Ld. Tennyson Window Pref. Sullivan..had been very successful in setting such old songs as ‘Orpheus with his lute’. 1891 Sat. Rev. 14 Nov. 558/2 The poem is set for chorus and orchestra. 1965 Listener 3 June 836/2 One does not make music ‘colloquial’ by using it to set colloquial words. 1966 J. A. W. Bennett & G. V. Smithers Early M.E. Verse & Prose 108 The music to which it [sc. a lyric] is set clearly shows that the words were composed to fit the tune. 1970 Oxf. Compan. Music (ed. 10) 498/1 The tunes set to these hymns were partly adaptations of the ancient plainsong, partly arrangements of folk song and partly original. 1979 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 17 May 32/4 Byrd set this notorious poem to music, and the setting certainly did not escape notice. b. figurative. ΚΠ 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 8 He sets his talk to a sounding tune. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas IV. x. x. 159 Get out of my sight, or I shall set your solfeggio in a crying key. 1862 J. Tyndall Mountaineering in 1861 xi. 92 Clothing the crags with splendour, and setting the wind to melody. 1879 J. Morley Burke x. 209 Burke's mind was not easily set to these tunes. c. intransitive. To be capable of being put to music; to go (well) to music. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > admit of being sung [verb (intransitive)] > admit of being set set?1697 ?1697 J. Lewis Mem. Duke of Glocester (1789) 82 He thought that they [the verses] would set very well to music. 74. trans. Theatre. To make up (a scene) on the stage; to arrange (an item of the scenery) in a particular way. Also to set the stage (also figurative, to prepare the way or conditions for (an event, etc.)). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > the staging of a theatrical production > stage [verb (transitive)] > arrange or move scenery set1781 run1831 the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > make preparations for (an event, etc.) apparelc1314 purveya1382 prevenea1522 bespeak1582 providea1616 forespeak1659 formel1673 to set the stage1937 organize1952 to set up1965 1781 R. B. Sheridan Critic ii. i Sir, the scene is set, and everything is ready to begin. 1889 E. Lynn Linton Thro' Long Night II. ii. ii. 4 He wanted to see how he should be received when the stage was not set nor were the lamps trimmed for his reception. 1890 Harper's Mag. June 68/2 The palace of the Borgias was ‘set’ as a modern apothecary's shop. 1892 Illustr. London News 23 July 110/2 The time necessary for setting and changing scenes. 1937 Discovery June 175/1 Given suitable conditions, the stage is always set for the transformation. 1972 Review & Herald 7 Dec. 12/2 However, it is first necessary to ‘set the stage’. 1980 Sci. Amer. (U.K. ed.) Jan. 122/1 I can best set the stage for describing Morelli's instrument by reviewing the two basic types of spectroscope and spectrophotometer. *** To give a required shape or form to. 75. a. To put an edge on (a cutting instrument, esp. a razor). Also to set the edge of. (Cf. sense 42.)In first quot. 1461 apparently figurative phr. to set upon the hone, to sharpen (a person) up. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > perform general or industrial manufacturing processes [verb (transitive)] > sharpen or put edge on whetc897 strokec1400 set1461 filour1483 sharpen1530 to wash down1909 1461 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 271 As for Wylliam Wyrcestyr, he hathe be set so vp-on the hone, what by the parson and by othyr,..þat they hope he wole do well inow. 1553 J. Withals Shorte Dict. f. 39v/1 A stone to whette or sette the rasure with. 1667 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 122 Setting a razor, 2d. 1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. x. 192 It is afterwards Set upon a round Whet-stone. 1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther iii. 111 You have ground the persecuting knife, And set it to a razor edge on life. 1749 T. Smollett tr. A. R. Le Sage Gil Blas I. ii. vii. 139 A case and two razors,..with a thong of leather to set them. 1816 Ld. Byron Parisina xv, in Siege of Corinth 81 The headsman..Feels if the axe be sharp and true—Since he set its edge anew. 1868 W. Bemrose Fret-cutting 10 In ‘setting’ the tools, apply a few drops of sweet oil to the Arkansas stone. 1892 Leisure Hour Apr. 387/1 Are my razors set yet? b. figurative phr. to be sharp or keen set: to be hungry or keen. (See also sharp-set adj.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > be hungry [verb (intransitive)] hungerOE to be sharp or keen set1540 esuriate1623 to cry cupboardc1665 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus ii. iii. sig. Mij My mynd is al redy in the platters or dishes .i. I am sharpe set. 1606 L. Bryskett Disc. Ciuill Life 94 Being fed temperatly, our mindes may be the sharper set to fall to those other dainties. 1728 E. Young Love of Fame: Universal Passion (ed. 2) ii. 120 As in smooth oil the razor best is whet, So wit is by politeness sharpest set. 1891 ‘L. Keith’ Halletts III. iv. 80 Her own appetite was keener set than usual. 1893 F. C. Selous Trav. S.-E. Afr. 22 I knew she [a lioness] must be pretty keen set. 76. a. To adjust (the teeth of a saw) by deflecting them alternately in opposite directions so as to produce a kerf of the required width. Also to set a saw. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > adjust (teeth of saw) set1678 1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. v. 94 Then with the Saw wrest..they set the Teeth of the Saw. 1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. iv. 84 Having your impatience soothed by the setting of a saw, close at your ear. 1845 P. Barlow Manuf. in Encycl. Metrop. VIII. 382/1 In sawing valuable timber the teeth are not turned out so much (or as the workmen term it, set so rank) as for coarse cheap stuff. b. To adjust (the blade of a plane in relation to the sole) in order to vary the depth of cut. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > adjust (blade of plane) set1678 1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iv. 63 When you set the Iron of the Fore-Plain, consider the Stuff you are to work upon. 1857–9 E. L. Tarbuck Encycl. Pract. Carpentry & Joinery i. iii. 26 The projection of the plane iron may be very nicely regulated, or set, rank, or fine, that is projecting from the face in a greater or less degree. 1938 C. H. Hayward Carpentry Bk. i. 27 When a piece of wood with a difficult grain has to be planed, the back-iron is advanced and the plane set as fine as possible. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > tuning or intonation > tune [verb (transitive)] temperc1300 set?1473 tune1505 entune1523 modulatec1570 retune1606 to tune upa1718 attune1728 ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) II. lf. 161v Orpheus setted & entuned his harpe. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 714/1 I set in tune, as mynstrelles do their instrumentes of musyke. 1590 H. Barwick Breefe Disc. Weapons B 3 I doubt not..we shall haue a Cornelius to set these instruments in better tune. 78. †To tenter (cloth); to stretch (leather). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > treat or process textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > stretch > on tenters tent1377 tenter1437 set1473 society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > work with skins [verb (transitive)] > stretch or smooth hides or leather beam1605 stake1686 frizz1697 strike1764 seta1884 snuff1897 1473 in R. Arnold Chron. (c1503) f. xxvijv/1 The fullyng teynteryng or settyng and sheryng of wullen cloth..teyntered sett and drawen out in lengenth & brede. a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 797/1 To set a side of leather, it is spread upon the table when wet, and is smoothed out on it. 1897 C. T. Davis Manuf. Leather (ed. 2) 217 It is well to have a tub of water by the side of the stuffing table, and dip in each side to soften it before proceeding to set the same. 79. To put (a broken or dislocated bone) in a position adapted to the restoration of the normal condition. Also intransitive said of the bone. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > treatments uniting or replacing parts > unite or replace parts [verb (transitive)] > set bones or dislocations reduce?a1425 set1572 to set together1578 to set to1598 counter-extend1656 the world > health and disease > healing > recovery > process of healing of an injury, etc. > of injury, etc.: heal [verb (intransitive)] > of bone: set set1891 1572 in J. Gage Hist. & Antiq. Hengrave, Suffolk (1822) 192 To Adkyns of Bury, surgon for setting of ij dogges legs. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. iv. sig. Q2v Gynecia..had her shoulder put out of ioinct; which though..it was set well againe [etc.]. 1672 R. Wiseman Treat. Wounds ii. 71 It was doubted, whether the Bone was Set or not. A Bone Setter was sent for. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 41 The new Man has broke his Leg, which is so ill set, that he can never dance more. 1821 T. Jefferson Autobiogr. in Writings (1892) I. 100 A dislocated wrist, unsuccessfully set. 1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 682/1 Accurate apposition is termed ‘setting the fracture’; this is best done by the extension of the limb and coaptation of the broken surfaces. 1891 Field 14 Nov. 761/2 Dogs' bones soon set. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (transitive)] > other fur13.. buttonc1380 lashc1440 pointa1470 set1530 tuft1535 vent1547 ruff1548 spangle1548 string1548 superbody1552 to pull out1553 quilt1555 flute1578 seam1590 seed1604 overtrim1622 ruffle1625 tag1627 furbelow1701 tuck1709 flounce1711 pipe1841 skirt1848 ruche1855 pouch1897 panel1901 stag1902 create1908 pin-fit1926 ease1932 pre-board1940 post-board1963 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > wash clothes [verb (transitive)] > press or iron set1530 press1555 pote1600 poke1606 smooth1617 iron?1670 goffer1706 steel1746 goose1808 streak1823 flat-iron1865 fuller1880 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 710/2 I set a gowne, I put the playtes of it in order... I can nat sette a gowne, I was never no taylour. a1577 G. Gascoigne Grief of Joye ii. xxxxiv, in Compl. Wks. (1910) II. 534 They set their ruffes, thei ruffle up theire heare. 1597 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. iii. vii. 66 His linnen collar Labyrinthian-set. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Godronner vne fraise, to set a ruffe. 81. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > put in (proper) order [verb (transitive)] > specific hair, clothing, etc. set1303 adjust1700 order1875 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > adjust or arrange set1303 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 3206 Be nat proud of þy croket Yn þe cherche to tyfe and set. 1694 J. Dryden Love Triumphant Ded. sig. A4 Combing his Peruke, and setting his Cravat. 1695 W. Congreve Love for Love v. i. 76 He's at the great Glass in the Dining-Room..setting his Cravat and Wig. 1714 A. Pope Rape of Lock (new ed.) i. 9 These set the Head, and those divide the Hair. 1722 R. Steele Conscious Lovers i. ii Such an Author consulted in a Morning, sets the Spirits for the Vicissitudes of the Day, better than the Glass does a Mans Person.] b. To arrange and fix (the hair) when damp so that it dries in the desired style; occasionally, to fix a hair-style by other means. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > beautify (the hair) [verb (transitive)] > set set1926 1926 Hairdressing 10 Sept. 241/1 This can only be done by superior work; namely, excellent setting of the finished permanent. 1932 Mod. Woman Feb. 72/1 A perfectly easy method of keeping your hair perfectly waved, set and curled at home. 1932 Mod. Woman 26 Mar. 1130 I'll set your wave. 1957 V. J. Kehoe Technique Film & Television Make-up xv. 214 Hair lacquer or spray..is used for setting the hair in place after it has been dressed. 1967 N. Freeling Strike Out 10 Ash~blonde hair cut fairly short and set every week in Leiden. 1976 C. Bermant Coming Home i. vii. 105 Her hair was always smartly set. 82. a. Weaving. To fix the texture of (a fabric). In first quot. passive, of a tartan: To have a pattern of a certain kind (cf. set n.1 15b). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > variegation > chequered pattern > chequered [verb (intransitive)] > tartan pattern setc1686 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [verb (intransitive)] > have pattern of specific kind setc1686 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [verb (transitive)] > weave > fix texture of fabric set1839 c1686 Depredations Clan Campbell (1816) 114 Item, ane new colored womans wearing plaid, most sett to boday red. Item, ane gray broken plaid, sett most to the green. 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1056 A thorough knowledge of the adaptation of yarn of a proper degree of fineness to any given measure of reed... The art of performing this properly is known by the names of examining, setting, or sleying. 1891 Yorksh. Coll. Textile Soc. Jrnl. 1 129 By the sett of a fabric is meant the number of threads it contains in a given space. There are a great many things to be considered in setting any fabric. b. Knitting. To fix the form of, by dividing the stitches on the knitting-needles in a certain way. ΚΠ 1888 J. Andrews Only Year & what it Brought 84 Martha stopped to set the heel of her stocking. 83. To arrange (a butterfly, etc.) as an entomological specimen. (Cf. to set up at Phrasal verbs 2.) ΘΚΠ the world > animals > zoology > study of specific types of animal > [verb (transitive)] > insects > arrange as a specimen stick1827 set1869 1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Agric. 1868 317 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc.) XV In setting long-legged specimens, a square piece of stiff paper or card should be pushed upon the pins under the insect. 1892 Field 18 June 904/1 ‘Setting’ the insects, which means the spreading of specimens on blocks of cork or wood to dry. 84. To give the requisite adjustment, alignment, or shape to (a mechanical contrivance, an instrument, etc.). (Cf. set n.1 33.) ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > adjust for accuracy rectify?a1560 regulate1665 tune1814 true1838 truth1874 set1879 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 413/2 The rough-maker..smoothes off all the sharp edges and ‘sets’ them, i.e., bends them into graceful and uniform shape over a block. 1881 J. W. Burgess Pract. Treat. Coach-building 78 Setting axles is giving them the bend and slope required. 1886 Ld. Walsingham & R. Payne-Gallwey Shooting (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) I. 70 The next process is to ‘set’ or straighten the barrel inside. 1898 H. R. Haggard Farmer's Year (1899) 222 Being able to ‘set’ a wheel better than anyone about here. **** To adjust according to a standard. 85. a. To regulate, adjust by a standard; esp. to put (a clock, etc.) right. ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [verb (transitive)] > set setc1400 temper1538 roll1583 rule1595 winda1616 to wind upa1616 to set forwarda1627 to set back1635 regulate1665 to put back1704 to put forward1741 to put on1826 time1873 the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > adjust for accuracy > by a standard setc1400 c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §3. 17 To haue sette Iustly a clokke. a1642 J. Suckling Lett. Divers Eminent Personages 92 in Fragmenta Aurea (1646) In Court, they..determine his [sc. the king's] good by his desires: which is a kind of setting the Sun by the Dial. 1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. xv. sig. Ff8v A little Sun-Dyal, furnished with an excited Needle to direct how to Set it. a1721 M. Prior Ess. Opinion in Wks. (1907) 196 Quare [a clock maker] does not set his Watch more actually than Mathar does his understanding. 1763 Philos. Trans. 1762 (Royal Soc.) 52 579 The 16th, at noon, I sat a pendulum-clock..to solar time. a1777 S. Foote Nabob (1778) i. 21 To set his watch by Tompion's clock in the Hall. 1844 T. Hood Workhouse Clock 8 The Overseer of the Poor Is setting the Workhouse Clock. 1850 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 11 ii. 397 We watch vainly every cloud and in vain set our weather-glass. 1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. iv. 78 The Tally-ho [coach] was a tip-top goer..and so punctual, that all the road set their clocks by her. b. with immaterial object. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > adaptation or adjustment > adapt or adjust [verb (transitive)] > bring into conformity > adjust to a standard or purpose > adjust by a standard square1531 set1693 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §14 (1699) 19 The Seasoning and Cookery which by Custom they [sc. our palates] are set to. 1693 M. Prior To Charles Montague iii Pleas'd, when his Reason He deceives; And sets his Judgment by his Passion. 1718 M. Prior Alma i, in Poems Several Occasions (new ed.) 322 He..sets Men's Faith by His Opinions. 86. To fix the amount of (a fine or other payment), put down at a certain amount. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > pricing > attach a price to [verb (transitive)] > set or fix price (of) loveOE prizea1325 setc1420 make1423 cheapa1464 price1471 ratify1511 to set up?1529 apprize1533 rate1599 to set down1599 pitch1624 tax1846 to charge1889 sale-price1959 c1420 in 26 Pol. Poems 76 And þou nylt ȝeue it [sc. love] me..; Sette pris to selle it. 1521 Maldon (Essex) Liber B 57 Truly affur and sett al maner of mercyaments made. 1525 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. II. 24 To set his raunsom at a somme of money reasonable. 1531–2 Act 23 Hen. VIII c. 7 To set the prices of all kinde of wynes. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xx. 71 He payd for all that he bought at the price the sellers would set. 1692 J. Locke Some Considerations Lowering Interest 6 The Rate you set, profits not the Lenders, and very few of the Borrowers. 1692 J. Locke Some Considerations Lowering Interest 6 But that Law cannot keep men from taking more Use than you set. 1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Cicero in Plutarch Lives ⁋13 Verres being thus condemned, Cicero set his fine at 750,000 drachmæ. 1980 M. Boddy Building Societies iv. 46 The composite rate [of tax paid by building societies] was set at 79·3 per cent of the basic rate (then 35 per cent), i.e. 27·75 per cent. VII. To place mentally; to suppose, estimate. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > supposition, surmise > taking for granted, presumption > assume, presuppose [verb (transitive)] > as basis for argument seta1340 supposec1350 posec1385 putc1390 to put (also set) the casec1405 suppositionc1449 demit1556 suppose1594 s'pose1632 case1647 feign1688 posit1697 postulate1705 a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxii. 4 Gret vertu is in man when he dredis na ill þat may fall for he settis þe werst. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 367 I sette þe worste þat ye dredden þis Men wolden wondren to se hym come or gon. c1386 G. Chaucer Melibeus ⁋525 Yet sette I caas, ye have bothe might and licence for to venge yow. c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) iv. 10 I sette cas, þat a thefe make an hole in a hous. 1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxxiiiiv I sette nowe the hardest. 1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer iv. sig. Tt.iii Setting case therefore this to be so. 1632 P. Holland tr. Xenophon Cyrupædia 129 Set case..that a man should make so much of those dogs which you keepe. 1659 J. Bunyan Doctr. Law & Grace Unfolded 340 Set the case that there be two men who make a covenant. 1726 G. Shelvocke tr. Imperial Comm. in Voy. round World Pref. p. x Setting the case I had not their interest at heart, yet it was for my interest to support theirs. 88. a. To place mentally or conceptually in a certain category; †to regard as being (so-and-so); to consider (a thing) to reside in or to depend on (another); †to attribute to. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > attribution or assignment of cause > assign to a cause [verb (transitive)] titleOE aretc1340 witena1375 witnea1375 reta1382 depute1382 wite1382 seta1387 layc1425 expoundc1430 imputec1480 attribue1481 assign1489 reckon1526 attribute1530 count1535 allot?1556 draw1578 object1613 prefer1628 entitle1629 implya1641 to score (something) on1645 intitule1651 put1722 to put down1723 charge1737 own1740 place1802 to set down1822 affiliate1823 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 81 Hircanus, for he was ȝong, was i-sette laste of þe wise men. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 8 Quere-so-euer I Iugged gemmez gaye, I sette hyr sengely in synglure. 1423 Kingis Quair v This noble man, That in him-self the full recouer wan Off his Infortune, pouert, and distresse, And in tham set his verray sekernesse. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1278 Allas! þat evir a man shuld..Set [ten] al his wisdom, on his wyvis tayll! 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvii. 826 That wes mar To myrakill of god almychty; And to nocht ellis it set can I. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) xvi. 111 Euerye man settis his felicite to distroy his nychtbour. 1576 G. Gascoigne Droomme of Doomes Day in Wks. (1910) II. 240 He alwayes setteth his end in thinges which he must have. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies i. xiv. 46 They set Tharsis in Affrike, saying, it was the same Citie which was anciently called Carthage. 1685 E. Stillingfleet Origines Britannicæ iv. 209 The want of skill may make Caradoc set his Gildas elder than he ought to have done. 1870 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Gleanings 2nd Ser. 21 Tradition sets Wiklif's birth in the year 1324. b. To place (a person or thing) before or after another in estimation. Now poetic. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] > view in a certain way > place before or after setc1383 the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] > view in a certain way findOE telllOE to take for ——a1393 receivec1400 notec1440 reputec1475 esteem1532 read1591 estimate1609 relish1617 set1648 resent1649 view1715 contemplate1785 c1383 in Eng. Hist. Rev. Oct. (1911) 747 Religiouse possessioneris..shulden sette before [L. preferrent] þe comaundementis of god. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 99 Þat þe manere and þe usage of al holy chirche of Grees, of Italy, of Rome, of Gallia, and of Fraunce, schulde be i-sette to~fȯre þe manere and custom..of a corner of þe worlde. c1400 Rule St. Benet (Verse) 2475 So þat þai set non erthly þing Be-for þe luf of crist. 1639 E. Chilmead tr. R. Hues Learned Treat. Globes Pref. sig. B8v Those Globes..may justly bee preferred before all other that have beene set forth before them. 1648 J. Milton To H. Lawes in H. Lawes Choice Psalmes sig. av Dantè shall give Fame leave to set thee higher Then his Casella. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1375 Venturing to displease God for the fear of Man, and Man prefer, Set God behind. View more context for this quotation 1734 A. Pope Epist. to Visct. Cobham 6 And always set the Gem above the Flow'r. 89. a. To fix the value of (a thing) at so much. Obsolete or archaic.Cf. the reverse construction in sense 43. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > be valued at [verb (transitive)] > set value on praisea1325 extendc1330 appraise1424 value1434 value1439 setc1460 valure1487 appreciate1512 rate1555 estimate1611 put1755 c1460 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (1885) x. 131 That [sc. salt] is now sett to so grete prise, þat the bushell, wich the kyng bieth ffor iijd or iiijd, is solde to his peple ffor ijs and a jd. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 712/1 I sette my horse at foure pounde..How moche set you his plate at? 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iv. xxvi. 145 [The women] beyng once set at a price none could marry them, except they first payde the pryce. 1616 R. Cocks Diary (1883) I. 104 Yf the Hollanders set pepper at that rate, they sell other comodetis at a hier. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 34 At the times of the faires, Coaches are set dearer then any time els. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables clxx. 142 Well..and what's the Price of that Juno there? The Carver set That a little Higher. 1713 A. Pope Corr. 8 Dec. (1956) I. 200 I cannot set his Delivery from Purgatory at less than Fifty Pounds sterling. b. Hence in idiomatic phr. connoting disesteem or depreciation: to set at naught or nought (see nought pron. 5), to set at little, to set at the least, to set at nothing; to set at a pease, at a pie's heel, at a pin's fee; to set at no price, store or value. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > hold in contempt [verb (transitive)] forhowc900 overhowOE withhuheOE forhecchec1230 scorna1275 despise1297 spise13.. to set at a pease, at a pie's heel, at a pin's fee1303 to hold, have scorn at, ofc1320 to think scorn ofc1320 to set short by1377 to tell short of1377 to set naught or nought (nothing, not anything) by1390 spitea1400 contemnc1425 nought1440 overlooka1450 mainprizec1450 lightly1451 vilipendc1470 indeign1483 misprize1483 dain?1518 to look down on (also upon)1539 floccipend1548 contempta1555 to take scorn ata1566 embase1577 sdeign1590 disesteem1594 vilify1599 to set lightly, coldly1604 disrepute1611 to hold cheapa1616 avile1616 floccify1623 meprize1633 to think (also believe, etc.) meanly of1642 publican1648 naucify1653 disesteem1659 invalue1673 to set light, at light1718 sneeze1806 sniff1837 derry1896 to hold no brief for1918 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > be unimportant [verb (transitive)] > make less important or unimportant to set at a pease, at a pie's heel, at a pin's fee1303 mincea1591 to make no matter of1604 triflea1616 to make much (also little, nothing, too much, etc.) of (or on)1632 pygmy1658 insignificate1676 minify1676 smooth1684 trivialize1846 nonentitize1903 minoritize1947 sideline1953 peripheralize1955 marginalize1970 marginate1970 deprioritize1973 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 3013 And he þat ys vnbuxum al Aȝens hys fadyr spiritual, And setteþ hym ryȝt at þe leste. 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 7774 Þe mayster fend..sette at noȝt þat he hadde tolde. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B vi. 171 Lete liȝte of þe lawe..And sette Pieres at a pees. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B vii. 194 I sette ȝoure patentes..at one pies hele! a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Gen. xxv. 34 Esau swere,..& ȝede forþ, setting att nouȝt þat he hadde ysolde þe riȝtez of his firste getyng. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 602 Al the worlde he sette at noo value. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) 14459 Alle þat.. þe iewes sette atte noȝt. 1413 in 26 Pol. Poems 51 Þouȝ all here gold were hider brouȝt, I wolde set hit at lytel store. ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxxii. 144 All erthely thingez þai sette at noȝt. c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi iii. xi To sette all þinges at no price for þe. 1488 Rolls of Parl. VI. 413/2 Unreverently sette theym at litill or nought. a1500 R. Rolle Psalter ix. 33 Halymen sall be despisid than and sett att noght. 1534 R. Whittington tr. Cicero Thre Bks. Tullyes Offyces iii. sig. T.6 What shal I say of them that setteth all honest & iust thinges at nauȝt? 1568 Ballad against Evil Women in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1930) IV. 32 That settis at nocht god Nor manis blame. a1599 E. Spenser Canto Mutabilitie vi. xliv, in Faerie Queene (1609) sig. Hh6 Shee had..Long lov'd the Fanchin, who by nought did set her. 1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. iv. 46 I do not set my life at a pinnes fee. 1637 J. Milton Comus 16 The huntresse Dian..Set at nought The frivolous bolt of Cupid. 1649 Earl of Monmouth tr. J. F. Senault Use of Passions 203 He then sets at nothing what he so much esteemed. a1720 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers (1795) I. iv. 247 The protector..would have given him audience, had not others set him at nought. 1850 J. B. Marsden Hist. Early Puritans (1853) 40 Had she not set at nought the wishes of such men as Jewel, Grindal, Horn, and Parker. 1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. I. viii. 238 Canonical custom is set at naught. 1895 S. Tyler Kincaid's Widow xii She was set at nocht and sair hadden down, puir creature. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > hold in contempt [verb (transitive)] forhowc900 overhowOE withhuheOE forhecchec1230 scorna1275 despise1297 spise13.. to set at a pease, at a pie's heel, at a pin's fee1303 to hold, have scorn at, ofc1320 to think scorn ofc1320 to set short by1377 to tell short of1377 to set naught or nought (nothing, not anything) by1390 spitea1400 contemnc1425 nought1440 overlooka1450 mainprizec1450 lightly1451 vilipendc1470 indeign1483 misprize1483 dain?1518 to look down on (also upon)1539 floccipend1548 contempta1555 to take scorn ata1566 embase1577 sdeign1590 disesteem1594 vilify1599 to set lightly, coldly1604 disrepute1611 to hold cheapa1616 avile1616 floccify1623 meprize1633 to think (also believe, etc.) meanly of1642 publican1648 naucify1653 disesteem1659 invalue1673 to set light, at light1718 sneeze1806 sniff1837 derry1896 to hold no brief for1918 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. iii. 64 Thou mayst not coldly set Our soueraigne processe. View more context for this quotation 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 149 Wee'll not disgrace your Realm, nor lightly set Your Fame. 1718 F. Hutchinson Hist. Ess. conc. Witchcraft vii. 104 He set them light [1720 set them at light]. d. To estimate the amount of at so much. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > fluctuation in price > [verb (transitive)] > increase (prices) > estimate amount of increase at set1863 1863 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 24 i. 21 The yearly increase..is set at about 8s. per acre. 1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. xxiii. 599 We cannot set the increase at less than 100 per cent. 90. To assess (a person) at so much. Obsolete or archaic. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > levy (a tax) [verb (transitive)] > fix amount of tax > fix amount due from (a person or people) stend1402 stentc1440 sess1475 assess1495 set1521 censea1719 1521 Maldon (Essex) Liber B 57 Set every man after the quantyte of the trespace. c1537 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Court of Requests (1898) 47 Like as all other brethern of the seid felaweship were and be set at. 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Addicion Duicensus, he that is sette with an other to pay money for a taxe. 1557 in Marwick Edinb. Guilds (1909) 89 Prouyding always thai pay the sowmes to the quhilk thai were sett. 1607 in W. H. Hale Precedents in Causes of Office against Churchwardens (1841) 9 And so shall sett every parishoner proportionably. 1611 Bible (King James) 2 Kings xii. 4 The money that every man is set at. View more context for this quotation 1843 T. B. Macaulay John Hampden in Crit. & Hist. Ess. I. 453 The sheriff was blamed for setting so wealthy a man at so low a rate. 91. To have (a certain estimate) of a person or thing: in idiomatic phrases expressing high or low regard, great or little esteem, for a person or thing.Here the construction is the reverse of that of 93b. a. to set (so) little (or †lite), (so) much (or mickle, a great deal), less, least, more, most by. Obsolete exc. archaic or dialect.Originally substantival or pronominal, little, much, etc. were capable of being taken as adverbial; whence the substitution of adverbs of equivalent meaning (see 18f). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > estimate [phrase] > value at specific rate to set (so) little (or lite), (so) much (or mickle, a great deal), less, least, more, most byc1374 to set at (much, little) storec1386 to set (great, etc.) store byc1386 to set little, more, nought, not, of1390 to make much (also little, nothing, too much, etc.) of (or on)c1395 accounta1450 to set greatly, littly, lightly, so, etc. by1530 to conceive well, ill, etc. (of)1535 count1602 to set —— value on also upon1625 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 432 I se ful wel þat ye sette lite of vs Or of oure deth. c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 109 Þey sette more by here lawes..þan þey dude by þe lawe þat God ȝaf to hem. c1380 Antecrist in J. H. Todd Three Treat. Wycklyffe (1851) 151 And more þei shal be sett by and wurshiped. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 26997 Litel he sette be his life. 14.. Why I can't be a Nun 220 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 144 But alle..set not by her nether most ne lest. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 32 Tynsale of the body..that is lytill to sett by. 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 31v Howe moche the Persians..set by shotinge. 1627 M. Drayton Battaile Agincourt 4 What set that Conqueror, by their Salique Lawes. 1665 S. Pepys Diary 9 Mar. (1972) VI. 53 He did..give me one of Lillys grammer..which I shall much set by. 1690 C. Ness Compl. Hist. & Myst. Old & New Test. I. 23 A pretious soul was no more set-by by them. 1740 S. Richardson Pamela II. 173 He was sure I should set more by it, than the richest Diamond in the World. 1785 B. Tupper in J. Sparks Corr. Amer. Revol. (1853) IV. 118 A visit, which I shall set more by than the interest I possess in Massachusetts. 1845 S. Judd Margaret ii. i. 208 God knows how hard it is to help setting a good deal by one's children. 1894 Advance (Chicago) 5 Apr. A man much set-by. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > hold in contempt [verb (transitive)] forhowc900 overhowOE withhuheOE forhecchec1230 scorna1275 despise1297 spise13.. to set at a pease, at a pie's heel, at a pin's fee1303 to hold, have scorn at, ofc1320 to think scorn ofc1320 to set short by1377 to tell short of1377 to set naught or nought (nothing, not anything) by1390 spitea1400 contemnc1425 nought1440 overlooka1450 mainprizec1450 lightly1451 vilipendc1470 indeign1483 misprize1483 dain?1518 to look down on (also upon)1539 floccipend1548 contempta1555 to take scorn ata1566 embase1577 sdeign1590 disesteem1594 vilify1599 to set lightly, coldly1604 disrepute1611 to hold cheapa1616 avile1616 floccify1623 meprize1633 to think (also believe, etc.) meanly of1642 publican1648 naucify1653 disesteem1659 invalue1673 to set light, at light1718 sneeze1806 sniff1837 derry1896 to hold no brief for1918 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 348 Bot noght forthi Mi will hath nothing set therby. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 23860 In hert to halde hit as a horde & noȝt to sette be goddis worde [Vesp. Quen noght es mad o crists word]. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur viii. xxxviii. 331 By the myghty lord of this yle he setteth nought by. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) l. 73 Mocked & scorned & nought set by. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) John iv. 44 A prophet is nothinge set by at home. 1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Heb. xii. 1–6 By despisyng and settyng naught by worldly reproche. 1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales i. v. 8 The souldyers..set nought by all military discipline. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) v. i. 189 I thinke you set nothing by a bloody Coxecombe. View more context for this quotation c. By substitution of not for nought, and by extension of the idiom to negative expressions generally, set by came to be equivalent to ‘esteem, regard’, and, by elimination of the negative, to ‘esteem or value highly, think or make much of’. Obsolete exc. archaic or dialect.Formerly to set not by sometimes = to have no scruples about. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > [verb (transitive)] haveeOE weenc1000 praisec1250 setc1374 set by1393 endaunt1399 prizec1400 reverencec1400 tender1439 repute1445 to have (also make, take) regard to or that1457 to take, make, set (no) count of (upon, by)c1475 pricec1480 to make (great, etc.) account (also count, esteem, estimation, reckoning, regard, store) of1483 force1509 to look upon ——c1515 to have (also hold) in estimationc1522 to make reckoning of1525 esteem1530 regard1533 to tell, make, hold, set (great, little, no) store of1540 value1549 to make dainty of (anything)1555 reckon1576 to be struck on1602 agrade1611 respect1613 beteem1627 appreciate1648 to put, set (an) esteem, a high, low esteem upon1665 to think small beer of1816 to think the world of1826 existimate1847 reckon1919 rate1973 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [verb (transitive)] > attach importance to weigh?c1225 chargec1320 set by1393 to attribute (much)1586 to stand upon ——1587 moment1598 to lay weight upon1600 reflecta1616 to take (large etc.) stock in (rarely of)1870 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. x. 302 Men setten nat by songewarie. a1400 Minor Poems from Vernon MS 692/10 Now is þe selue I-set not by. c1400 Rule St. Benet (Verse) 459 Þai wil set bi no man saw. c1426 J. Audelay Poems (1931) 2 Avowtre ne lechory men set not by. 1467 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 335 Thei set not be a woman as thei shuld set be a man. a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 1152 The kyng of Aragon sett her bye. a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Fox, Wolf, & Cadger l. 2006 in Poems (1981) 77 To beir ȝour office than wald I not set by. a1513 W. Dunbar Flyting in Poems (1998) I. 208 Quhat man settis by the? 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. iv. 98 Onlesum war syk plesour I set by. 1561 T. Hoby tr. B. Castiglione Courtyer i. sig. Hijv They do not onelye not sett by letters, but they rather abhorre them. a1659 R. Brownrig 65 Serm. (1674) I. iv. 57 Men set by good servants. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Northampt. 291 Set by and extolled. 1664 S. Pepys Diary 20 Jan. (1971) V. 20 Mr Pierce..tells me that my Lady Castlemaine is not at all set by by the King. 1848 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 1st Ser. ix. 135 Wite folks aint sot by half ez much. d. to set (no, more, etc.) store or †price by: see price n. 4a, store n. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > hold in contempt [verb (transitive)] forhowc900 overhowOE withhuheOE forhecchec1230 scorna1275 despise1297 spise13.. to set at a pease, at a pie's heel, at a pin's fee1303 to hold, have scorn at, ofc1320 to think scorn ofc1320 to set short by1377 to tell short of1377 to set naught or nought (nothing, not anything) by1390 spitea1400 contemnc1425 nought1440 overlooka1450 mainprizec1450 lightly1451 vilipendc1470 indeign1483 misprize1483 dain?1518 to look down on (also upon)1539 floccipend1548 contempta1555 to take scorn ata1566 embase1577 sdeign1590 disesteem1594 vilify1599 to set lightly, coldly1604 disrepute1611 to hold cheapa1616 avile1616 floccify1623 meprize1633 to think (also believe, etc.) meanly of1642 publican1648 naucify1653 disesteem1659 invalue1673 to set light, at light1718 sneeze1806 sniff1837 derry1896 to hold no brief for1918 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xi. 2 Scripture scorned me..and liȝte by me she sette. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xii. 124 No clergie to dispise, Ne sette schort be here science. c1460 Wisdom 927 in Macro Plays 66 Why werkyst þou hys consell? by myn settis lyght? 1565 T. Stapleton Fortresse of Faith f. 129 Such smal matters were not of good Christians light sett by. 1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 132 We ought not to set light by that knowledge of it [sc. the soul] which wee may attaine vnto. 1633 S. Marmion Fine Compan. iii. v. F 3 She set as light by me, as by the least feather in her Fanne. 1771 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) V. 317 It is no other than betraying him..to set light by any part of his law. 1816 W. Scott Old Mortality x, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. IV. 226 I am a fool..to set light by that which Heaven has so often preserved. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > estimate [phrase] > value at specific rate to set (so) little (or lite), (so) much (or mickle, a great deal), less, least, more, most byc1374 to set at (much, little) storec1386 to set (great, etc.) store byc1386 to set little, more, nought, not, of1390 to make much (also little, nothing, too much, etc.) of (or on)c1395 accounta1450 to set greatly, littly, lightly, so, etc. by1530 to conceive well, ill, etc. (of)1535 count1602 to set —— value on also upon1625 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 713/1 The man is hyghely sette by in our countraye. 1537 tr. Original & Sprynge All Sectes 28 Hitherto haue they ben in estimacion & greatly set by. 1577 T. Kendall tr. Politianus et al. Flowers of Epigrammes f. 30 No man that setts so by hym self, can please the Lorde a right. 1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus To Rdr. Things lightly come by are lightly set by. 1729 Bp. J. Butler Serm. xv. (1862) 209 That in all lowliness of mind we set lightly by ourselves. 1809–10 S. T. Coleridge Friend (1818) I. 104 To set lightly by the emancipation of the human reason. g. In negative context, with a noun as object connoting a negligible or contemptible quantity. to set not a cherry, curse, a fly, a haw, a mite, an onion, (etc.) at, by, of: see also the nouns. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > hold in contempt [verb (transitive)] > utterly to set not a cherry, curse, a fly, a haw, a mite, an onion, (etc.) at, by, ofc1374 not to set at a glovec1430 not to care (three skips of) a lousea1592 to have no use for1596 to have no (a lot of, etc.) time for1901 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 900 I nolde setten at his sorwe a myte. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 568 Of peramours he sette noght a kers. 1406 T. Hoccleve La Male Regle 380 For by hem two, he settith nat an hawe. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xix. 442 I shall not sette a rotyn appull for all the power of Charlemagne. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 86 Lat ws..sett nocht by this warld a chirry. a1525 Vergilius in W. J. Thoms Early Eng. Prose Romances (1858) (Rtldg.) 223 The roffyans set nat a poynt. 1569 W. Wager Longer thou Liuest sig. F.ivv By honest men he setteth not an Oynion. h. In various constructions, with prepositions other than by. †to set little, more, nought, not, of; to set a (great, little) price, †rate, store upon; to set no price, littly at; †to set light of, before; †to set little, nought to; etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > estimate [phrase] > value at specific rate to set (so) little (or lite), (so) much (or mickle, a great deal), less, least, more, most byc1374 to set at (much, little) storec1386 to set (great, etc.) store byc1386 to set little, more, nought, not, of1390 to make much (also little, nothing, too much, etc.) of (or on)c1395 accounta1450 to set greatly, littly, lightly, so, etc. by1530 to conceive well, ill, etc. (of)1535 count1602 to set —— value on also upon1625 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 211 I sette noght of his beyete. 1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. ix. 139 Men that lytill bethe sette of. 1422 J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. xix. 146 Men sholde sette lytillie at this goodis. c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 1717 Set not of youre Barons so light. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1386 Sith he, of my wordis, so litil prise set. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2838 To save hir lyvis, & set nat of hir los. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur v. ii. 162 Of his demaunde and commaundement I sette nothyng. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. v. 18 They setted not of mete and drynke. 1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxvi How shulde ye lady sette prise on so foule fylthe? 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 194 We set but light of the matter. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxiii. xii. 483 Disdaining and setting light by any other bathing-vessels. 1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 126 Doe you not see what fained prices are set vpon little stones, and rarities. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. Ep. Ded. sig. A 3v What a high Value was set upon the Widdowes Mite. a1642 J. Suckling Brennoralt (1646) iii. i. 34 The world does set great rates upon you. 1642 J. Eaton Honey-combe Free Justific. 240 Thereby the words of the Scripture may be extenuated and set light of. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. x. 42 By comparison to the rate that each man setteth on himselfe. 1688 Lett. conc. Pres. St. Italy 79 Nor would it have been set on so much by their Holy Patriarchs. 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe II. xvi. 316 Where be these dog-priests now,..who set such price on their ghostly mummery? 1861 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 2) xx. 396 The grounds upon which so great store has ever been set upon colonial possessions. 1875 H. E. Manning Internal Mission of Holy Ghost iv. 105 They are continually showing that they set small price on the Eternal God. 1891 F. W. Robinson Her Love & his Life III. vii. iv. 262 He did not set any value on his own life. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > [verb (transitive)] haveeOE weenc1000 praisec1250 setc1374 set by1393 endaunt1399 prizec1400 reverencec1400 tender1439 repute1445 to have (also make, take) regard to or that1457 to take, make, set (no) count of (upon, by)c1475 pricec1480 to make (great, etc.) account (also count, esteem, estimation, reckoning, regard, store) of1483 force1509 to look upon ——c1515 to have (also hold) in estimationc1522 to make reckoning of1525 esteem1530 regard1533 to tell, make, hold, set (great, little, no) store of1540 value1549 to make dainty of (anything)1555 reckon1576 to be struck on1602 agrade1611 respect1613 beteem1627 appreciate1648 to put, set (an) esteem, a high, low esteem upon1665 to think small beer of1816 to think the world of1826 existimate1847 reckon1919 rate1973 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 832 Yf to lose his Ioye he set a myte Than semeth it þat Ioye is worth but lyte. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 219 Ane vnworthy lymmare, yat settis nocht for honour bot for pillery. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 5002 Yf þou set noght our saghe. VIII. To put or come into a settled or rigid position or state. 92. a. passive. To be resolved or determined; to have a settled purpose. Chiefly const. infinitive. Now usually in sense ‘likely, about (to)’. Also (Journalistic) const. for followed by n. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > be resolved or decided [verb (passive)] appointc1374 seta1400 prefix1560 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17332 Mi-self es sett to wrek þe wrang. a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 42 Þerfore to telle you I am set,..what herbȝ..Ben gode to potage. c1480 (a1400) St. Vincent 403 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 270 [S. Vincent] til ples god wes mar sete, þane ocht þat wes in þe markete. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iii. l. 324 Thai ar set till wndo all thi kyn. 1525 Abp. Warham in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. II. 10 Seeing almoste al the people obstinatly sett not to graunte to the request. 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus i. iii. sig. Fivv I am at a poynte, or my mynde is fully sette. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. v. sig. Ll5v But my hart is already set.. to lead a virgins life to my death. a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 256 She was wayward, disdainful, and set to contradict. 1757 in J. Russell Haigs of Bemersyde (1881) xii. 359 All your neighbours are sett to be upon you. 1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. i. 2 If on our daily course our mind Be set to hallow all we find. 1890 Harper's Mag. Aug. 407/2 Mamma was completely set in her own mind that we must go to the south. 1976 Daily Tel. 30 Nov. 1/6 Electricity prices are set to go up again on New Year's Day. 1978 Sunday Tel. 10 Dec. 1 (heading) Callaghan set for showdown with Benn. 1979 Daily Tel. 28 Feb. 2/6 The Inner City partnerships outside London seem set for increases above the average. 1982 Times 16 Oct. 9/6 The armchair moralists of Academe..are now set to carp about the sinking of the Belgrano. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > resolve or decide [verb (intransitive)] choosec1320 definec1374 to take advisementa1393 appointc1440 conclude1452 to come to (an) anchor?1473 deliber1485 determine1509 resolvea1528 rest1530 deliberate1550 point1560 decide1572 to set (up) one's rest1572 to set down one's rest1578 to make account1583 to fix the staff1584 to take a party1585 fadge1592 set1638 determinate1639 pitch1666 devise1714 pre-resolve1760 settle1782 to make up one's mind1859 1638 Earl of Manchester in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 280 The King hath set to be at Hinchenbrook to bed the 27th of March. 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 161 Could not God then make the world, when he set with himself that he would do it? c. transitive. To make (a resolution). rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > resolve or decide upon [verb (transitive)] > make (a resolution) seize1618 set1771 1771 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) V. 100 If he does but once set a resolution. 93. a. passive. To have one's mind or will fixed upon something. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > resolution or determination > be determined on [verb] willa1387 set1390 to be bentc1400 to stand on?1440 to sit fast upon (something)1565 consist1588 to stick out1837 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 301 He was upon pacience So sett. c1400 Balade of Pite 100 I am sette on yowe in suche manere Þat..I moste you loue. c1400 Rom. Rose 4829 They are so sette Vpon delite to pley in feere. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xviii. 698/1 If she be..so obstinate, and so precisely set vpon her owne will. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1201 When I perceiv'd all set on enmity. View more context for this quotation 1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxx. 110 I am so set upon it, that I am not to be persuaded. 1890 Universal Rev. Mar. 457 Cap'n Prust's as set as never was on little Dot. 1893 Chambers's Jrnl. 28 Jan. 58/2 Isabell is always set on the news. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > wish or be disposed or inclined [verb] willeOE listc1200 to be of (also in) (a) minda1325 to will well that1340 likea1375 to find in one's hearta1393 to have a minda1400 pleasec1450 set1470 to have a mind1530 care1560 fadge1592 please1611 choose1622 offer1639 to feel like1808 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. lxxxviii. 570 Whanne syre launcelot wyste how his kynnesmen were sette. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ii. ix. 58 Bot he..was nocht to Priame sa hard set. ?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. B.i She is as softe as a lamme yf one do her meue And lyke to ye deuyll wan a man dothe her greue So well is she sette. c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 148 The commissioneris told how the Marques and brughe of Abirdene wes peciablie set. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 598 Were he ever so wickedly set. c. Psychology. To predispose (a person or other organism) to a given response; usually passive. Also intransitive for passive. Cf. set n.1 12. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > be disposed or inclined to [verb (transitive)] > predispose a person to something inclinec1350 wrestc1374 wring1528 poise1586 preponderate1642 set1909 1909 Amer. Jrnl. Psychol. 20 569 The psychophysical organism ‘sets’ to meet an imminent situation; and on the conscious side, this ‘set’ is expectation. 1938 Mind 47 88 An observer in an experiment is said to be set towards an aspect of a situation if he is directed to it by the instructions. 1961 Lindgren & Byrne Psychol. vi. 143/2 Alterations in our familiar surroundings are often missed because we are ‘set’ to perceive certain stimuli. 94. a. to set one's or the face (countenance): to give a fixed or settled expression to the countenance. †to set a face: to make it appear (as though..). to set one's face as a flint, after Isaiah l. 7. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > pretend, dissemble [phrase] makec1275 to make wise1447 make as though?c1450 to let fare1483 to make a show ofa1500 to set a face1560 to take on (also upon) one(self)?1560 to make (a) miena1657 to make believe1773 to put it on1888 to play (the) fox1894 the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > face with expression [verb (intransitive)] > assume fixed or settled expression to set one's or the face (countenance)1560 set1601 to set one's face in a brake1607 1560 Bible (Geneva) Isa. l. 7 Therefore haue I set my face like a flint. ?c1570 Buggbears i. ii, in R. W. Bond Early Plays from Italian (1911) 94 Formosus set a face as thoughe he knew wher to find a cunnyng mane. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. xxiv. sig. Ee4 When she set her countenaunce to tell the matter. a1627 T. Middleton et al. Widdow (1652) v. i. 59 Set your countenance then; for here he comes. 1635 T. Cranley Amanda 9 She would..sometimes set her countenance as if shee had bin angry. 1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth I. 353 Set thy Face, and thy best Curchy make. 1855 Ld. Tennyson Maud i. viii, in Maud & Other Poems 5 I..May make my heart as a millstone, set my face as a flint. b. passive and intransitive (and reflexive) Of the eyes, the features, the countenance: To have or assume a fixed look or expression. ΚΠ 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Kings xiv. 4 But Ahiiah could not see, for his eyes were set by reason of his age. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) v. i. 197 O he's drunke..an houre agone: his eyes were set at eight i'th morning. View more context for this quotation 1717 S. Garth in J. Dryden et al. tr. Ovid Metamorphoses xiv. 504 Set are her Eyes, and motionless her Limbs. 1861 ‘G. Eliot’ Silas Marner i. 8 He saw that Marner's eyes were set like a dead man's. 1865 A. C. Swinburne Chastelard v. iii. 214 His face set, The eyes not curious to the right or left And reading in a book. 1880 C. E. L. Riddell Myst. Palace Gardens ix The lines in his face set and hardened. 1881 P. Greg Ivy III. iii. 68 Her face sets as it used against your mother. 1884 ‘Rita’ My Lord Conceit I. i. v. 72 A face set in stern, rigid lines. 1888 G. Gissing Life's Morning III. xxii. 210 Her features had set themselves in sorrow. 1898 G. B. Shaw You never can tell iv. (stage direct.) His face set and sulky. 95. a. To press (the teeth, lips) together into a rigid position; to clench (the teeth), compress (the lips, mouth). to set one's teeth: see tooth n. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > act of drawing body into compact form > drawn into compact form [verb (transitive)] > clench clitchc1025 fasten1559 knit1602 set1602 clinch1624 clench1755 grippen1814 grip1861 ball1890 1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge v. iii. sig. I3v Another frets, and sets his grinding teeth. 1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi vi. vii. 73/1 They were sometimes hindred from eating their Meals, by having their Teeth set. 1853 C. Kingsley Hypatia II. ix. 225 The old woman set her lips firmly, and drew her dagger. 1860 G. J. Whyte-Melville Market Harborough xxii ‘I think not!’ replied Mr. Sawyer, setting his teeth for a catastrophe. 1867 ‘Ouida’ Cecil Castlemaine's Gage 263 His mouth sternly set, and his forehead paler and more severe than ever. 1886 R. L. Stevenson Kidnapped xxii. 219 Each set his mouth and kept his eyes in front of him. b. reflexive and intransitive. Of the mouth, or the teeth. ΚΠ 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §714 [This] maketh the teeth to set hard one against another. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 233 My Teeth..wou'd..set against one another so strong, that for some time I cou'd not part them again. 1883 M. E. Mann Parish of Hilby xix Helen's mouth set itself firmly as she thought of it. c. passive and intransitive. Of muscles, or the like: To have or assume a rigid attitude or state. Also spec. of an athlete poised to start a race. In wider use: to be prepared for action; to be ready (to do something). Frequently in (to be) all set. Cf. (get) on your mark(s) at mark n.1 33b. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > [verb (intransitive)] > muscular tension set1844 cord1959 flex1972 the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > [adjective] > prepared or ready i-radc888 yarec888 i-redec1000 i-redya1175 boundc1175 graith?c1225 aready1250 alreadyc1275 readyc1275 armedc1300 prestc1300 bentc1330 ripec1330 purveyed1435 mature?1440 apt1474 habile1485 in (a) case to (also for)1523 provided1533 in procinct1540 weeping-ripe1548 furnished1553 fit1569 preta1600 expedite1604 predy1613 procinct1618 foreprepared1642 presto1644 apparated1663 (ready) in one's gears1664 fallow1850 standby1893 organized1926 (to be) all set1949 1844 J. Gregg Commerce of Prairies I. 51 Each teamster vies with his fellow..and it is a matter of boastful pride to be the first to cry out—‘All's set!’ 1851 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm (ed. 2) II. 174/2 The hams should not be too full of flesh, lyary, which in a young animal indicates that the carcass will soon set from growing. 1862 J. Tyndall Mountaineering in 1861 vi. 53 The muscles have become set, and some minutes are necessary to render them again elastic. 1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Agric. 1868 313 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc.) XV Butterflies generally set in one or two weeks. 1882 W. A. Baillie-Grohman Camps in Rockies i. 3 ‘All set!’ echoes from each of the horsemen in front. 1893 Outing 22 154/1 At the words ‘Get set!’ the arms are raised, the knees slightly bent, and..the starter braces his legs apart. 1913 S. A. Mussabini Compl. Athletic Trainer 196 The old-fashioned stand-up position enabled the runners to keep ‘set’ on their marks for a very much longer time than the present-day straining ‘crouch’ will let them do. 1930 Amer. Speech 6 120 Set for big bout. 1935 Encycl. Sports, Games & Pastimes 580/1 At the words ‘Get set’ you should let the weight come forward on to the finger tips and the leading foot, raising the left knee but lowering the back and head. 1949 N. Marsh Swing, Brother, Swing v. 84 All set, boys? Let's go. 1956 A. H. Compton Atomic Quest iii. 162 The du Pont Company was getting set to build the plutonium production plant. 1957 S. Duncan & K. Bone Oxf. Pocket Bk. Athletic Training (ed. 2) v. 62 On the command ‘set’ the body rises up smoothly with the body-weight on the hands and front foot. 1962 J. Heller Catch-22 vi. 51 Just when I was all set to really start stashing it away, they had to manufacture fascism and start a war. 1979 Daily Tel. 26 Feb. 21/4 National Westminster is set to produce full year figures tomorrow. d. intransitive. To become bent or twisted as a result of strain. (Cf. set n.1 16.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > misshapenness > lose shape or become misshapen [verb (intransitive)] > due to strain or stress crumple?c1450 collapse1732 set1798 flow1887 yield1900 1798 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 88 485 If a wire is twisted only a little more than its elasticity admits of, then, instead of setting, as it is called, or acquiring a permanent twist all at once, it sets gradually. c1865 J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 404/1 The scales will have a tendency to ‘set’ when over~loaded. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by habits or actions > habits and actions > [verb (transitive)] > cock tail set1708 the world > space > relative position > posture > upright or erect posture > set upright or erect [verb (transitive)] > specific part of body cock1549 perka1591 erect1626 pert1688 set1708 1708 London Gaz. No. 4428/16 Stollen.., a Bay Nag..sets his Head and Tail. 96. Dyeing. a. To prepare (woad) for dyeing. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > dyeing > dye [verb (transitive)] > processes or techniques to dye in grainc1386 woad1463 madder1464 set1529 to dye in (the) wool, in grain1579 alum1598 rake1778 sumac1792 piece-dye1810 gall1822 dung1824 wince1839 winch1845 overdye1857 top1874 to wet out1882 vat1883 cross-dye1885 paddle1909 premetallize1948 spin-dye1948 1529 Cov. Leet Bk. 697 To occupie the Craft of dying and settyng of wadd. 1590 W. West Συμβολαιογραϕία ii. §82. sig. Hiiij Euery set of the same woad shall make, when it is set and prooued, fower pound sterling. 1811 J. Parkins Young Man's Best Compan. 535 Wood-wax..is set with pot ashes. b. To make (a colour) fast or permanent. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > dyeing > dye [verb (transitive)] > fix dye set1601 fix1665 strike1769 age1830 mordant1839 pad1839 steam calico-printing1862 the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > face with expression or expression > face with expression [verb (intransitive)] > assume fixed or settled expression to set one's or the face (countenance)1560 set1601 to set one's face in a brake1607 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxii. ii. 115 To set all other colours that can bee devised, with the juice onely of certaine hearbs. 1882 Crookes Dyeing 15 The brown colouring matter of the flax instead of being removed is fastened, or as it is technically called, ‘set’. 97. a. To cause to become firm, hard, or rigid in consistency; to curdle, coagulate (milk, etc.). Also, to cause (paper web) to become partly dry. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > [verb (intransitive)] > curdle or become curdled runeOE loppera1300 curda1398 to run togethera1398 quaila1425 trout1483 lop1570 turn1577 quar1578 curdle1586 caille1601 to set together1608 set1736 whig1756 shill1876 clabber1880 the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > state of being thick enough to retain form > give consistency to [verb (transitive)] > make stiff or hard in consistency or set stiffen1627 clang1631 set1736 1736 N. Bailey Dict. Domesticum at Cheese While this rennet is fresh, one spoonful of the liquor will turn or set about 16, 18 or 20 gallons of milk. 1736 N. Bailey Dict. Domesticum at Cheese When you would turn or set milk for cheese. 1784 J. Twamley Dairying Exemplified 102 Boiling Water..will set the Curd in some degree, and fix it hard. 1855 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 16 i. 135 If you clay heavily..you must muck heavily, or you will set the land. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2286/1 [He] uses golden sulphuret of antimony and sets the rubber by vulcanizing it. 1890 A. Watt Paper-making xvi. 174 The paper..is led over a table of wire-cloth..under which steam-pipes are placed for the purpose of ‘setting’..the web. 1974 M. Lindlaw Super Sweets & Puddings 9 To set jelly quickly. Dissolve the jelly tablet in 1/ 4 pint (11/ 2 dl) hot water, then make up to 1 pint (6 dl) with cold water or ice cubes. Stir until on the point of setting. b. passive. ΚΠ 1791 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse §168 Dutch Tarras,..which, after being once set, would afterwards become hard, without ever being compleatly dry. 1791 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse §168 (note) [Set], the term used in the application of calcareous mortar, which denotes its first step, or degree of hardening. 1839 W. A. Chatto Treat. Wood Engraving viii. 723 Recent impressions of a wood-cut, before the ink is set. 1846 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 7 ii. 493 The skin was set, that is, it would not easily rub off. 1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) III. 99 When the film is just set enough to bear a light touch, without receiving any impression of the finger. c. intransitive. To become firm or solid in consistency; (of milk) to curdle or turn; (of mortar, etc.) to solidify. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > state of being thick enough to retain form > be thick enough to retain form [verb (intransitive)] > coagulate runeOE curda1382 congealc1400 clotterc1405 clodder1499 cludder1540 yearna1568 quar1578 curdle1586 clot1591 coagulate1600 clod1639 concoagulate1666 earn1670 set1736 keech1863 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > cement or mortar > actions of cement or mortar [verb (intransitive)] > solidify set1736 the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > state of being thick enough to retain form > be thick enough to retain form [verb (intransitive)] > become stiff in consistency > set fastena1425 set1736 to take a set1837 1736 N. Bailey Dict. Domesticum at Cheese When it [milk] sets or turns to curd very quick. 1776 G. Semple Treat. Building in Water 79 The out-side Mortar..set, that is, grew hard immediately. 1837 J. T. Smith tr. L. J. Vicat Pract. & Sci. Treat. Mortars & Cements 9 We say that a lime has set, when it bears without depression a knitting-needle of 0.12 cent...diameter, filed square at its extremity, and loaded with a weight of 0.30 kil. 1839 T. C. Hansard Treat. Printing & Type-founding (1841) 151 When the varnish has had time to set. 1842 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 3 i. 16 The soil..is rather sticky when wet, and sets hard when dry. 1860 G. W. S. Piesse Lab. Chem. Wonders 168 Silver ‘sets’ before the lead. 1883 Standard 17 May 2/2 Nor shall we permit the meat to hang, to ‘set’ over the reeking fumes of the killing chamber. 1886 J. Blandy Baker's Guide 51 A certain sort of loaf, put into the oven without touching, ‘set crusty’, as the baker would say. 1963 D. Seton Essent. Mod. Cookery 151 The sugar is very important in jam-making. If too much or too little is used, the jam will not set. 1973 Cooking for Today (Good Housekeeping) 264/4 Pour one third of this jelly into a picnic jelly mould and put in a cool place to set. d. Of cream: To collect and settle on the top of the milk. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > [verb (intransitive)] > settle on top of milk (of cream) set1859 1859 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 20 i. 53 The milk..is..left until the cream has set. 98. a. To cause (fruit) to form on a tree by the process of fertilization; to cause (a flower) to develop into fruit: said of bees, etc. and (also absol.) of the tree bearing the fruit. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > flower or flowering plant > be or affect a flowering plant [verb (transitive)] > fertilize set1693 impregnate1769 cross-fertilize1876 self1903 1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Dict. in Compl. Gard'ner sig. Aiiv, at Bud,.. Well Buddod [sic] or well set Trees; is said of those Fruit-Trees, that have abundance of Fruit Buds. 1721 R. Bradley Philos. Acct. Wks. Nature 25 Concerning the Generation of Plants, and the manner of setting their Fruits. 1729 B. Langley Pomona 77 Our Fruits being plentifully set. a1793 G. White Observ. Veg. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1802) II. 257 When they [sc. bees] are once induced to haunt the frames, they set all the fruit. 1877 C. Darwin Different Forms Flowers i. 28 Flowers legitimately fertilised set seeds under conditions which cause the almost complete failure of illegitimately fertilised flowers. 1892 E. P. Dixon's (Hull) Seed Catal. 18 It is a robust grower and sets very freely. 1893 Field 8 Apr. 530/1 The plant..‘sets’ a larger proportion of the flowers. b. intransitive. Of blossom or fruit: To develop as the result of fertilization. Also said of hemp fibre. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > flower or flowering plant > be a flowering plant [verb (intransitive)] > be fertilized kern1297 set1718 self-fertilize1858 1718 J. Laurence Fruit-garden Kal. 53 This Blossom Set, and produced me a Peach. 1779 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 70 475 February was so mild and fine that the wall-fruit flowered..and set much fuller, than the apples, which were two months later. 1849 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 10 i. 177 The fibre has not set, nor has the male stem shed its pollen. 1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 561 To mark how very few of the blossoms have set. 1891 Field 24 Oct. 634/1 About a dozen fruit set, of which six ripened. c. Of a plant: to set to seed = seed v. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > grow or vegetate [verb (intransitive)] > grow abnormally or unseasonably spirt1584 boll1601 sprout1675 run1725 button1767 bolt1889 to set to seed1897 1897 J. C. Willis Man. Flowering Plants II. 234 Moneywort..is said never to set to seed in Brit[ain]. 99. Plastering. To put a finishing coat on. (See set n.1 30a.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > surfacing or cladding > clad or cover [verb (transitive)] > plaster > plaster with finishing coat set1700 1700 Moxon's Mech. Exercises: Bricklayers-wks. 12 They finish the Plastering when it is almost dry,..setting it, that is to say, Trowelling and brishing it. 1812 P. Nicholson Mech. Exercises 309 (Plastering) Lath Floated and Set Fair. These words bear the same meaning as lath pricked-up and floated and set. 1847 A. C. Smeaton Builder's Pocket Man. (new ed.) 128 Render, float, and set, is three-coat work. 1874 J. Birch Country Archit. 44 Lath, plaster, float, set and twice whiten all ceilings throughout. 100. a. Sheep-breeding. To settle or establish (a particular stock). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > sheep-farming > rear sheep or wool [verb (transitive)] > establish stock set1782 1782 W. Marshall Minutes in Rural Econ. Norfolk (1787) II. 321 Bought by those who are increasing, or ‘setting’ a ewe flock. 1807 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Essex II. xiii. 334 His flock has been 1140 breeding ewes; and at this Michælmas (1805) he setts 2000. 1819 A. Rees Cycl. XXXII Setting, a term used in sheep-management, which signifies the picking, choosing, and selecting those which are the best formed..for the purpose of breeding, forming the flock, and keeping as stock. 1819 A. Rees Cycl. XXXII Setting Lamb-Stock. 1847 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 8 i. 17 In setting the flocks particular attention is paid to size, wool, strength of constitution. b. intransitive. Of a period of time or weather: To become settled; = to set in at Phrasal verbs 2 (Cf. set adj.1 6c). ΘΚΠ the world > time > period > [verb (intransitive)] > begin or become settled seta1800 the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > [verb (intransitive)] > begin or become prevalent to set in1684 set1892 a1800 Gil Brenton vi, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1882) I. i. 74 Till the evening set and birds they sang. 1880 W. H. Patterson Gloss. Words Antrim & Down (at cited word) ‘The night is set’..night has come on. 1892 I. Zangwill Big Bow Myst. 98 It's set wet, it'll rain right into the new year. 1894 Harper's Mag. Feb. 359/1 The night set very cold. c. Cricket. (passive) To have become accustomed to the bowling. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > bat [verb (intransitive)] > become used to bowling set1865 1865 Lillywhite's Cricketers' Comp. 127 As a bat he is deficient in defence, though a punishing hitter when once set. 1882 Daily Tel. 19 May The Colonials were firmly set, and the runs came fast. 101. To settle the growth of (a plant) in the right way. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > [verb (transitive)] > train rail?1387 trail1398 train?1440 conduct1477 to lay in1802 espalier1810 trellis1818 set1845 1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 ii. 339 Where the clover is not well set. 1864 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 25 ii. 275 Wheat is rolled..in spring, to set the young plant. 102. To check; to puzzle, nonplus, ‘stump’; to tax the resources of. Now northern dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > hinder completely or prevent [verb (transitive)] > bring to an impasse checkmatea1400 stalec1470 set1577 stallc1591 embog1602 nonplus1605 stalemate1765 stump1807 pound1827 to stick up1853 snooker1889 stymie1902 biff1915 dead-end1921 the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > perplexity, bewilderment > act of perplexing > confuse, perplex, bewilder [verb (transitive)] > nonplus stagger1556 gravel1566 set1577 trump1586 bumbaze1587 puzzlec1595 ground1597 stunt1603 nonplus1605 pose1605 stumble1605 buzzard1624 quandary1681 bamboozle1712 hobble1762 stump1807 have1816 floor1830 flummox1837 stick1851 get1868 to stick up1897 buffalo1903 1577 R. Stanyhurst Hist. Irelande iii. 85/1 in R. Holinshed Chron. I At this answere Meth was set. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. ii. xii. 9 The silie mind of men was before sett and to seeke. 1633 G. Herbert Temple: Sacred Poems 51 Learning was pos'd, Philosophie was set. 1740 H. Bracken Farriery Improv'd (ed. 2) II. vi. 164 Standing..will make them [sc. feet] grow so hard,..that it will set the Smith to drive a Nail in shoeing. 1763 ‘T. Bobbin’ Toy-shop (new ed.) 45 I wur warr set to get eawt (if possible) in e wur when Nip an me feel off th' Bridge. 1819 J. M. Good et al. Pantologia (new ed.) Four thorough-shaped horses will draw, with facility, a weight which would set five ordinary ones. 103. Dance. (intransitive) To take up a position and perform a number of steps with one's face to one's partner or to the dancer on one's right or left. Chiefly in set to partners, set to corners (also set corners). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > dancing > movements or steps > [verb (intransitive)] > figures > specific figures set1652 balance1775 poussette1798 thread the needle1843 1652 Dancing Master Expl. Charac. Set and turn single, is a single to one hand, and a single to the other, and turn single. 1652 Dancing Master 1 Sides all, set and turn S. 1652 Dancing Master 72 Meet all, back again, set to your own, and to the next. 1711 E. Budgell Spectator No. 67. ⁋9 A..Step called Setting, which I know not how to describe to you, but by telling you that it is the very reverse of Back to Back. 1791 R. Burns Tam o' Shanter 147 in Poems & Songs (1968) II. 562 The dancers..reel'd, they set, they cross'd, they cleekit. 1805 R. Anderson Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 2 Tou kens we danc'd a threesome reel, And Betty set to me. 1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. iii. 55 Set corners, ladies. 1811 T. Wilson Country Dancing (ed. 2) 6 Foot and set are the same; it is merely dancing in your place to fill up the time of the music. 1894 E. Scott Dancing 113 The gentleman sets to and turns with the lady on his left hand. 1894 E. Scott Dancing 119 Set to partners and turn. 1894 E. Scott Dancing 120 All set to corners and turn... They set and turn to places. 104. a. passive and intransitive. To get stuck. †Also transitive to allow to get stuck.There is perhaps a punning reference to this sense in Shakespeare King Lear ii. ii. 3 Stew. Where may we set our horses? Kent. I' th' myre. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > be arrested or intercepted in progress steek?a1400 sticka1450 lodge1611 intercept1612 catch1620 clog1633 jam1706 rake1725 fasten1744 set1756 hitch1897 seize1917 1756 J. Clubbe Hist. Wheatfield in Misc. Tracts (1770) I. 83 Carters..when their waggons were set in bad roads. 1776 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. 2 Sept. (1778) If he spill or overturn his load, or if he break his waggon, or set his horses. 1854 H. D. Thoreau Walden 316 A plough got set in the furrow and had to be cut out. 1888 Sci. Amer. 4 Feb. 74/1 To prevent the ‘setting’ and sliding of the wheels. b. Bowls. (intransitive) = rub v.1 8a. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > bowls or bowling > play at bowls [verb (intransitive)] > encounter obstruction rub1588 set1875 1875 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports (ed. 12) iii. i. iii. §3 If a bowl be struck and if it do rub or set on the striker's partner. IX. To put in the way of following a certain course, cause to take a particular direction. * Where physical direction or motion in a certain path is the prevailing notion. a. To take (a journey), direct (one's course). ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (transitive)] setOE trinec1200 to take to ——c1300 society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] stretcha1225 turnc1275 ready?a1400 seta1400 incline?c1400 apply?a1425 raika1500 rechec1540 make1548 address1554 frame1576 bend1579 to shape one's course1593 intend1596 tend1611 direct1632 steer1815 OE Cynewulf Elene 1004 Heht he Elenan hæl abeodan beadurofre, gif hie brim nesen ond gesundne sið settan mosten, hæleð hwætmode, to þære halgan byrig. a1000 Sat. (Gr.) 189 Ic..sceal nu wreclastas settan sorhgcearig, siðas wide. a1330 Sire Degarre 425 Mani a jorne thai ride and sette. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 13668 To ihesus þe way he sette. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > direct or manage ship [verb (transitive)] > set a ship's course setc1485 c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) iii. 1723 Sett þer-with, yf we mown, for I wott itt is a havyn town. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. v. 10 It is also cummyn to our eris, Ȝe set ȝour cours ouer see thir mony ȝeiris. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. viii. 42 Setting our course east Northeast. 106. intransitive (less frequently reflexive) To proceed in a specified direction; to begin to move, start off, put out, set out. Now surviving (exc. Scottish) only in set forth, set forward, set off, set on, etc. (see Phrasal verbs 2). ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)] thinkeOE bowa1000 seta1000 scritheOE minlOE turnc1175 to wend one's wayc1225 ettlec1275 hieldc1275 standc1300 to take (the) gatec1330 bear?c1335 applyc1384 aim?a1400 bend1399 hita1400 straighta1400 bounc1400 intendc1425 purposec1425 appliquec1440 stevenc1440 shape1480 make1488 steera1500 course1555 to make out1558 to make in1575 to make for ——a1593 to make forth1594 plyc1595 trend1618 tour1768 to lie up1779 head1817 loop1898 society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)] > set out forthfarec888 foundOE seta1000 to go forthOE to fare forthc1200 partc1230 to pass forthc1325 to take (the) gatec1330 to take the wayc1330 to take one's waya1375 puta1382 treunt?a1400 movec1400 depart1490 prepare?1518 to set forth1530 to set forward(s)1530 busklea1535 to make out1558 to take forth1568 to set out1583 sally1590 start1591 to go off1600 to put forth1604 to start outa1626 intend1646 to take the road1720 to take one's foot in one's hand1755 to set off1774 to get off1778 to set away1817 to take out1855 to haul out1866 to hit the trail (less commonly the grit, pike, road, etc.)1873 to hit, split or take the breeze1910 hop1922 society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (reflexive)] > set out setc1460 prepare?1518 a1000 Boeth. Metr. i. 4 Setton suðweardes sigeþeoda twa. 1052 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. C) Ða geaxedon þæt lið þæt on Sandwic læg embe Godwines fare, setton þa æfter. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13584 Setteð [c1300 Otho wendeþ] heom after. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1999 He set hym in ful purpose to his Shippis ward. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1828 At Salame full sound þai set into hauyn. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11109 Sadly ho sete, sewit hym agayne. 1568 C. Watson tr. Polybius Hystories f. 62v Immediately to set towardes his ennimies. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) ii. 0. 34 The King is set from London. View more context for this quotation 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 440 From thence I set East-ward to Syragusa. 1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1664) 342 To set up the brae to the King's city. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis vii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 415 The faithless Pirate soon will set to Sea. 1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 160 While for the Barn she sets. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) I set, or set out, after him; I pursued him. 107. a. intransitive. Of a current, wind: To take or have a (certain) direction or course. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > point or lie in a direction [verb (intransitive)] > aim cast1340 aimc1380 set14.. to lay, bend, take level1548 butt1553 vizyc1600 to level one's aim1667 to make aim1796 sight1842 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > move in a certain direction [verb (intransitive)] > of current or wind set14.. to set in1719 14.. in J. Gairdner Sailing Direct. (1889) 11 At the Hedelonde the streme settith North West and Southest. c1595 T. Maynarde Sir Francis Drake his Voy. (1849) 19 From hence..a great currante setts towards the estward. c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 170 Blowing very hard from Land..it set so violently, as rais'd..a<n> over growne Sea. 1685 W. Hedges Diary 2 Feb. (1887) I. 181 The Current (which usually setts to the Northward at this time of the Year). 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson i. iv. 40 We found the tide to set S.S.E. and N.N.W. 1835 Syd. Smith in Mem. (1855) II. 362 When the wind sets that way. 1877 T. H. Huxley Physiography 174 The current which sets into the Gulf of Mexico. 1890 Longman's Mag. July 336 The prevalent winds set from the west. b. Of the tide (cf. to set in at Phrasal verbs 2). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > tide > type of tide > types of tide [verb (intransitive)] > ebb or flow makea1685 sit1751 set1777 to make up1898 1777–83 Lescallier Voc. Termes Mar. 64 The tide sets to the South. 1825 Examiner 30/1 There was a strong tide setting. 1853 M. Arnold Sohrab & Rustum in Poems (new ed.) 36 As the vast tide Of the bright rocking Ocean sets to shore At the full moon. c. figurative and in figurative context: To have a direction, tendency, or bent. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > state or condition > tendency > tend or incline [verb (intransitive)] wryc888 driveOE drawc1175 rine?c1225 soundc1374 tendc1374 lean1398 clinea1400 movec1450 turnc1450 recline?a1475 covet1520 intend?1521 extenda1533 decline?1541 bow1562 bend1567 follow1572 inflecta1575 incline1584 warpa1592 to draw near1597 squint1599 nod1600 propend1605 looka1616 verge1664 gravitate1673 set1778 slant1850 trend1863 tilt1967 1778 Earl of Carlisle in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1844) III. 340 I think I have strength of mind enough to stem the torrent, let it set against me with all its fury. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Locksley Hall in Poems (new ed.) II. 94 All the current of my being sets to thee. 1885 Manch. Examiner 16 Feb. 5/3 The current of popular fiction in this country has lately set strongly towards pure sensationalism. 1885 Manch. Examiner 28 Sept. 5/3 The public opinion of the young men is setting against the practice. 1891 Temple Bar Nov. 309 Her ambition did not set in the direction indicated. 1893 National Observer 1 Apr. 490/1 The sleeve puffings reveal an artful under-garment, setting towards pink. 108. a. transitive. To cause to pass into a certain place or from one place to another; to convey, transport (? originally by water, cf. to set over at Phrasal verbs 2). Now rare, the usual verb being put. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > [verb (transitive)] haveeOE ferryOE weighOE bearOE take?a1160 weve13.. carry1348 passa1350 tow1391 geta1393 convey1393 winc1400 transport1483 set1487 convoy1500 traduce1535 port1566 repair1612 vehiculate1628 transmute1683 transplant1769 gallant1806 transit1859 inveigh1878 waltz1884 sashay1928 conduct- 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiv. 382 With four schippes that he had tane, He set thame our the ban ilkane. c1500 in Peacock Stat. Cambr. (1841) App. A. 37 The Bedyll shall sett the Masters of Gramer to the Fathers place. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 715/1 Ferye man, what shal I gyve the to set me over the water? 1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 36 The curet with all the parich and solempnite sette the osttes home with soleme procession. 1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle iv. iii. sig. Diiv I set him soone inwarde. a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) I. 394 To..sett certane bandis of men of weir to the bordouris. 1601 Acct.-bk. W. Wray in Antiquary (1896) 32 80 A laye layde..for settynge soldyars into Ireland. 1615 W. Lawson Country Housewifes Garden (1626) 2 Drifts of snow will set Deere, Hares, and Conies..ouer your wals. 1819 J. Hodgson in J. Raine Mem. J. Hodgson (1857) I. 227 The price may pinch me for cash to set me home. 1856 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 10 May in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. iv. 22 We went back to the ferry, and being set across.., we drove back to Melrose. ΚΠ ?1482 J. Kay tr. G. Caoursin Siege of Rhodes (1870) 148 Many of the Turkes that were sette a land by the brygge from the shippes. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) iii. 425 Ane That rowyt thaim our deliuerly, And set thaim on the land all dry. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 47 The barke..set us on land neere the Towne. 1700 S. Parker Homer in Nutshell 6 You'll ferry o'r, And at the Pallace-stairs be set a'shoar. c. To accompany or escort (a person) for part or all of the way he has to go. Chiefly northern dialect. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > guidance in travel > show (the way) [verb (transitive)] > bring or take to a place leadc825 conveya1375 accompany1426 bringa1500 assist1525 associate1548 hand1590 commit1598 see1603 to set out1725 set1740 trot1888 1740 H. Bracken Farriery Improv'd (ed. 2) II. v. 99 I was setting my Patient a little on the Road. 1805 R. Anderson Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 23 And monie a time he's set me heame. 1889 M. E. Carter Mrs. Severn III. ii. ix. 17 I've had a very happy day, and they set me to the stile. 1890 H. Caine Bondman i. vii I'll set you as far as Ballasalla. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [verb (transitive)] > attach importance to > render outstanding aggravate1549 accent1595 to lay weight upon1600 emphase1631 circumflect1643 to lay (also place, put) stress on (also upon)1653 to set home1656 forestall1657 circumflex1661 signalize1698 to lay stress, weight, emphasis on or upon1748 emphasize1793 accentuate1817 stress1845 to rub in1851 to draw out1855 underline1880 punctuate1883 peak1887 underscore1891 to point up1926 1656 R. Vines Treat. Inst. Lords-Supper xiii. 160 Setting home the sin and danger of it. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 422 Which Argumentation is further set home by such Similitudes as these. 1757 J. Edwards Doctr. Orig. Sin i, in Wks. (1807) II. 97 To set home this awful truth upon their consciences. 109. Of a current, wind, etc.: To cause to move, carry along in a (certain) direction. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > cause to move in a direction [verb (transitive)] > of a current or wind set?c1450 ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 6792 Bot þai were lett, And fra þe se to land sett. a1653 Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) 9 She plies that course her compasse sets her on. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. v. 180 There was a current which set us to the northward. 1819 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto II ci. 169 The current..Still set them onwards to the welcome shore. 1823 W. Scoresby Jrnl. Voy. Northern Whale-fishery 74 A breeze sprung up from the south-east, and set the ice so rapidly upon us. 1892 Field 6 Feb. 198/3 The current in a rapid usually ‘sets’ the canoe clear of rocks. 110. To propel (a boat or other craft) with a pole; to punt. Also absol., to use a punt pole or setting pole; now esp. in punt-shooting, to move up to the fowl, to get within shooting distance (cf. to set up at Phrasal verbs 2). ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > propelling boat by oars, paddle, or pole > propel boat by oars, paddle, or pole [verb (transitive)] > pole or punt shove1513 conta1687 set1705 punt1759 pole1769 kent1820 poy1834 shaft1869 quant1870 prick1891 the world > food and drink > hunting > shooting > shoot [verb (intransitive)] > manner or type of grousec1798 to set up1824 to shoot for the stick1834 to go to rode1838 to fire into the brown (of them)1845 set1859 hold ahead1881 hold on1881 rough-shoot1937 1589 T. Southam in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations ii. 391 We departed from Ostroue in the morning before Sunne rising, rowing, and setting vp the riuer 5. miles. 1705 tr. W. Bosman New Descr. Coast of Guinea xviii. 338 Those in the Boats are obliged to set 'em along by sticking their Pole in the Ground. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 168 By the Help of Towing and Setting as well as they could, they came to a flatter Shore. 1767 Bartram's Jrnl. 16 in W. Stork Acct. E. Florida (ed. 2) We rowed or set the battoe as far as she could swim. 1823 Examiner 719/1 At Shields, as a young keelman..was in the act of setting the keel to which he belonged, the pole slipped. 1859 H. C. Folkard Wild-fowler xxiv. 145 When ‘setting’ to birds side by side with other punters. 1882 R. Payne-Gallwey Fowler in Ireland 468 When setting to fowl in this style of craft the shooter lies partly on his left side. 111. a. To direct or point (one's face, foot, etc.) to, towards, for a place. ΚΠ 1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xxxi. 21 He..set his face toward the mount Gilead. View more context for this quotation 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 493 I set face from Court for Scotland. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1654 (1955) III. 134 I now with my Wife &c: set our faces toward home. a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 14 That way the Musselmans are obliged to set their faces when they Pray. 1729 W. Law Serious Call iv. 65 With hearts always set towards heaven. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam c. 155 I turn to go: my feet are set To leave the pleasant fields and farms. View more context for this quotation 1861 Temple Bar 1 394 It was time for him to set his face homewards. 1862 W. Collins No Name I. ii. i. 279 The lonely figure of a woman..with her face set towards the westward view. 1885 Field 4 Apr. 426/2 As usual he [sc. the fox] set his head for Nosely. 1890 I. D. Hardy New Othello i They have set their faces for home. b. To put (a person) on the way leading to a destination. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > guidance in travel > show (the way) [verb (transitive)] > guide, lead, or show one the way to show the waya1382 reduct1580 directa1616 inform1637 manuduct1641 pilot1649 set1678 airt1782 steer1859 1678 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress (ed. 2) 28 By turning thee from the way in which I had set thee. 1678 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 54 He directed me to the Wicket-Gate..and so set me into the way that hath led me directly to this House. View more context for this quotation 1883 J. Gilmour Among Mongols xviii. 212 Your host comes out with you to set you on your way. 1891 M. M. Dowie Girl in Karpathians xviii. 239 He knew the path and could set us on it. ** Where a person (or thing) is put to perform a task or to act in a certain way.☛ For phr. set a work, at, in, on, or to work see awork adv. and work n. 112. a. To put (a person) to a piece of work or a task. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > duties > [verb (transitive)] > assign a task to a person setc1175 task1530 hight1590 taska1592 stint1844 let1850 to set on1852 society > occupation and work > working > [verb (transitive)] > set (person) to work setc1175 put1608 to put on1822 to turn to1836 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4166 Þe sexe daȝhess sette godd Hiss follc to þeȝȝre werrkess. 1522 Worlde & Chylde (de Worde) (1909) sig. C.vi Folye met me..And vnto all synnes he set me. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 715/1 To set every man to his taske. 1576 G. Gascoigne Droomme of Doomes Day in Wks. (1910) II. 349 To doe any ye most vyle or paynefull dewty they are set unto. 1695 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. III. xii. 487 The 70 Seniors disagreed in their Translation..and so were set to it again. 1836 B. Hall Schloss Hainfeld vi. 77 We set the children to their regular lessons. 1861 Macmillan's Mag. 4 331/1 He was set to a work for which he had no stomach. b. Const. infinitive (occasionally †gerund): To put (a person or agent) to the task of doing a certain thing, cause (him) to be so occupied.Prov. set a thief to catch a thief. ΚΠ a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3634 Aaron bissop oðere of ðat kin Sette he, hem for to seruen ðor-in. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 311 Paschasius,..in þe peyne of purgatorie, was i-sette for to serve bathes. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 18563 And o mi knightes sum þai sett For to do his graf be gett. ?c1450 in G. J. Aungier Hist. & Antiq. Syon Monastery (1840) 255 They schal be sette to say..fyftene pater nostres. 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. iv. 56 That men shold sette poure children to laboure in the felde. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. CCCiii The free mason setteth his prentyse firste long tyme to lerne to hewe stones. 1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor i. iii. sig. Div I'le instantly set all my hinds to thrashing Of a whole Reeke of corne. 1612 J. Brinsley Ludus Lit. ii. 8 To set your children to begin to learne. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 435. ¶1 As one set to watch the Manners and Behaviour of my Countrymen. 1833 H. Martineau Loom & Lugger ii. ii. 22 Nurse set us to ask my brother Robert. 1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond II. vii. 125 Baubles..for which men have been set to kill and quarrel ever since mankind began. 1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 42/2 The twilight that sends the hens to roost sets the fox to prowl. 1890 Sat. Rev. 12 July 37/2 The naval operations our squadrons are set to perform. c. transferred with a thing as object. ΚΠ 1841 A. Helps On Pract. Wisdom in Ess. (1842) 6 By setting one evil thing to counteract another. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxiii. 18 Let a gong clash glad emotion, set a giddy fury to roam. 113. a. To direct (one's mind, intention, or will) to the consideration or performance of something. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > take care about [verb (transitive)] > attend to or cultivate > direct (one's mind or energies) to doc1175 set1340 embrace1393 applyc1425 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 97 He þat til ille settes his wille. c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 314 He that wolde sette his entente to thise thynges. 1423 Kingis Quair xxxviii Sen him to serue he myght set my corage? c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 19 Þe loue of his hert is now only sette to serue God. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 11 I wald fayne set my will..To put in wryt a suthfast story. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. xiii. 105 My desire was sett..all Troy for to doun bett. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. x. sig. Y4v To which whiles absent he his mind did sett. 1668 J. Denham Poems 155 Our hearts are only set..to be Rich, or Great. 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd i. 202 All my mind was set Serious to learn and know. View more context for this quotation 1681 H. More Plain Expos. Daniel 183 He..will set his mind to the taking of the more strongly fortified places. 1879 M. J. Guest Lect. Hist. Eng. xxiv. 236 He set his mind to govern his people well. b. reflexive. To apply oneself to a piece of work, a task, or employment. Most often (and now always) const. infinitive; also †to lay oneself out for. ΚΠ a1352 L. Minot Poems (1914) x. 20 I rede þat þou..sone set þe to schriue. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 17845 A twyn þei set hem to þat note. c1450 Mirk's Festial 81 Þay maden to take Mathy eftsones, and set hom to throw stonys at hym. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 34 That king sett him to haue senȝeoury of all the Orient. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 194 Quhen I sett me to sing or dance. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vi. li. 272/2 He set himselfe for their deliuerance. 1624 J. Ussher in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Lit. Men (1843) (Camden) 131 I had set myselfe close to my worke. 1701 W. Wotton Hist. Rome 259 He set himself to redress the Abuses. 1845 R. C. Trench Fitness Holy Script. i. 11 They..will yet set themselves..to look for petty discrepancies. 1880 G. Meredith Tragic Comedians I. v. 89 She set herself to study it. c. intransitive in the same sense: const. to with noun (pronoun) or infinitive, or to or a- with gerund. (Cf. to set about at Phrasal verbs 2.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake or set oneself to do [verb (intransitive)] found12.. to take on (also upon) one(self)a1300 assay1330 study1340 to put (also lay, set, etc.) one's hand to the ploughc1384 intendc1385 pressc1390 to put oneself in pressc1390 gatherc1400 undertakec1405 sayc1425 to fall in hand with (also to do (something))c1450 setc1485 obligea1500 essay?1515 attend1523 supprise1532 to set in foot1542 enterprise1547 address1548 to set in hand1548 prove1612 to make it one's businessa1628 engage1646 embark1647 bend1694 to take hold1868 c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 84 Quhethir j aw to defend my nychtbour jn armys and men wald sett to sla him. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Mettre If I vndertake it, if I set to it. 1641 J. Milton Animadversions 18 Your Bishops have set as fair to doe it as they durst. 1668 H. More Divine Dialogues iii. xxix. 492 Two Asses..that set a-braying. 1705 tr. W. Bosman New Descr. Coast of Guinea xx. 395 Most of them set to Running before the Enemy appears. 1737 S. Berington Mem. G. di Lucca 15 The Chief of the Inquisition..set to the Scrutiny of his Papers. 1803 T. Beddoes Hygëia III. ix. 99 A young man..reached a book from a shelf..and set to read. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. iii. iii. 103 He sets to denouncing Stock-brokerage. 1890 Cornhill Mag. June 643 The mother and daughters set to the making of beds. 1893 Black & White 29 July 124/2 Let us..set a-hunting once more for the philosopher's stone. 114. a. trans. to set (a person) upon: to put in the way of doing or performing, cause to be occupied with (something): often with implication of urging or impelling (cf. put v. 16). Also reflexive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > occupy or engage (a person) [verb (transitive)] > cause to be occupied with set1435 set1622 yoke1630 cast1662 sick1914 1435 Contract Fotheringhay Church (1841) 29 During all the sayd werke the seid Will. Horwode shall nether set mo nor fewer Free-Masons..thereupon. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 394 Ane man..That neuer wald set him on assay withoutin his assent. 1657 W. Rand tr. P. Gassendi Mirrour of Nobility iii. 184 A..Historiographer, who was at that time set upon the same undertaking. 1694 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) ii. xxi. 133 Nothing setting us upon the change of State, or upon any new Action, but some uneasiness. 1695 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. (new ed.) §94. 161 The Studies which he sets him upon. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 255. ¶8 This often sets him on empty Boasts and Ostentations of himself. 1826 New Monthly Mag. 16 406 [It] has set us upon an inquiry into the present state of religion. 1879 M. Pattison Milton vi. 75 This rude shock..set Usher upon a more careful examination. b. Const. on (occasionally †in, to) with gerund.Obsolete with reference to physical movement, e.g. set on going, set on packing: cf. 114d. ΚΠ c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 366 Lond grauel anoon sette in worchinge. 1624 F. Bacon Considerations War with Spain (1629) 5 This wheele set on going, did power a Warre vpon the Venetians. 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre ii. xli. 100 Suspicion giveth a passe-port to faith to set it on packing. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iii. vi. 220 [It] sets them also upon making of one name, that may comprehend both Gold, and Silver. 1695 J. Dryden tr. C. A. Du Fresnoy De Arte Graphica 72 You will do well to..set your self on designing after the Ancient Greeks. 1745 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1851) V. 27 The pernicious conduct of the French at Canada in setting their Indians on destroying the Inhabitants. 1763 J. Mills New Syst. Pract. Husbandry III. 156 If the ground be..not wet enough to set it on growing. 1832 Examiner 91/2 This address set him to dancing again. 1851 J. Keble Occas. Papers (1877) 242 Is not this a thought to set us on praying? 1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede II. iv. xxvii. 232 That he might..set him on persuading the Squire to consent. 1889 ‘F. Pigot’ Strangest Journey 188 It was perhaps this that set..Jem on stealing my own silver goblet. c. Const. gerund with a- prefixed: in this const. and next, often, to put (a thing) in motion or progress, to start; esp. to set (a-)going. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > cause to do or cause to act makea1225 putc1300 gara1340 have1390 geta1400 to set (a-)going1530 set1577 occasion1587 the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > cause to begin to act or operate to put (also set) to worka1398 to put on work?1440 streek?a1500 setc1500 to put (also set) in (also into) motion1598 spring1598 to set offa1625 to put (also set) in work1626 to set (a-)going1705 start1822 to start up1865 to set in motion1890 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 712/1 Go set these glasses of rose water a sonnyng. 1583 A. Conham in Babington's Commandm. Ded. to Godly Rdrs. (1637) a v j With lesse paines to keepe agoing that which he had moved, and set a going. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ix. 334 Whosoeuer listeth to drinke of it, must set it a cooling for the space of an hower. 1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall xvii. 129 Which perhaps will set..You..a thinking. 1705 G. Cheyne Philos. Princ. Nat. Relig. i. v. 186 The Impulse of an Almighty Hand to set them first a-going. 1726 tr. J. Cavalier Mem. Wars Cevennes iv. 310 All the Water Works were set a going. 1794 G. Morris in J. Sparks Life G. Morris (1832) II. 440 Those who set the plan agoing. 1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond I. xiv. 336 Those cards set people sadly a quarrelling. 1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect i. iv. 292 A morsel of food on the tongue sets a-going the movements of mastication. 1861 W. M. Thackeray Four Georges ii. 89 The abbey bells are set a-ringing. 1865 J. B. Mozley 8 Lect. Miracles vii. 159 Influences, which were originally set agoing by that agency. d. Const. simple gerund.In early use †to set packing, etc., where in modern idiom send is used. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > cause to do or cause to act makea1225 putc1300 gara1340 have1390 geta1400 to set (a-)going1530 set1577 occasion1587 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > send away or dismiss > unceremoniously to send packingc1450 trussa1500 to go (send, etc.) away with a flea in one's ear1577 to set packing1577 pack1589 ship1594 to send away with a fly in one's ear1606 to give a packing penny to1609 to pack off1693 to cut (also slip) the painter1699 to send about one's business1728 trundle1794 to send to the right about (also rightabouts)1816 bundle1823 to give the bucket to1863 shake1872 to give (a person) the finger1874 to give (a person) the pushc1886 to give (someone or something) the chuck1888 to give (someone) the gate1918 to get the (big) bird1924 to tie a can to (or on)1926 to give (a person) (his or her) running shoes1938 to give (someone) the Lonsdale1958 1577 M. Hanmer tr. Bp. Eusebius in Aunc. Eccl. Hist. iii. viii. 43 (note) The..Gadarits set packing the stoutest of them. 1611 Second Maiden's Trag. (1909) iv. i. 52 One touch will set him flyinge. 1662 R. Mathews Unlearned Alchymist (new ed.) 26 Neither let him think that it [ague] will be set going with one violent potion. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas IV. x. ix. 117 The good wines..were set running at a furious rate. 1832 F. A. Kemble Rec. Girlhood III. 176 Victor Hugo has set my mother raving. 1844 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit xxxix. 458 With reference to your duties, I can set you going. 1872 C. S. Calverley Fly Leaves 24 Half-a-bar sets several couple Waltzing in convenient spots. e. to set gone: to set going, send or let off. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > impel or drive [verb (transitive)] driveeOE sendc950 stira1300 enforce1340 swayc1400 compel1447 force1582 impel1611 impulse1611 to set gone?1611 to knock on1642 pulse1666 command1680 ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xv. 429 He..well might haue set gone A hundred arrowes. ?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) xiii. 121 The Rowers..set gone The Ship. 115. To cause to be busy about. Also reflexive and in passive. (For the corresponding intransitive see to set about —— at Phrasal verbs 1.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > occupy or engage (a person) [verb (transitive)] > cause to be occupied with set1435 set1622 yoke1630 cast1662 sick1914 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 131 Taking little sleepe when I had any thing to set my selfe about. 1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. x The Arch Angel..sets her [Discord]..about her business. 1695 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. (new ed.) §202. 352 The Advantages propos'd, from what they are set about. 1849 A. Helps Friends in Council II. i. i. 20 It set me..about thinking of Cicero's De Senectute. 1864 C. M. Yonge Trial I. xiv. 289 Mr. Axworthy had exclaimed that if ever he wanted a thing to be done, he must set Ward about it. *** Where attack or opposition is the motive. 116. a. To incite (a dog or other animal, also a person) to make an attack or pursuit: chiefly with prepositions at, on. (Cf. to set on at Phrasal verbs 2.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > cause or incite to attack setc1440 to set on1592 sick1845 c1440 Alphabet of Tales 229 Hondis that & þai be set at any maner of beste, þai wil kill it. 1560 Bp. J. Pilkington Aggeus the Prophete sig. C c vj If a sheepe runne from hys felowes, the Shepeherde settes hys Dogge after it. 1696 A. Telfair New Confut. Sadducism 6 When any one whistled for him [a dog] to set him on the Cattel. 1776 Earl of Carlisle in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1844) III. 137 I shall prevent this man from setting ruin like a bull-dog at her. 1840 W. M. Thackeray Barber Cox in Comic Almanack 41 While young Tug set the dog at their heels. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair xlvii. 420 In setting the boys' tutor..on her ladyship's director, Father Mole. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair li. 454 Once or twice they set people at her, but they failed. 1889 A. Conan Doyle Micah Clarke x. 84 They set dogs on us as though we were rats. b. To encourage (an animal) to perform some evolution or feat; to pit (fighting cocks). ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride (a horse or other animal) [verb (transitive)] > urge on > spur > broach (spurs) to > other seta1586 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting or baiting animals > fighting between animals > fight between animals [verb (transitive)] > pit fighting cocks set1688 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xi. sig. Oo8 They..making their horses answer their hands, with a gentle galop, set the one toward the other. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 253/1 In Setting of a Cock, none are to be up on the clod but the 2 Seeters [sic]... When the Cocks are set Beak to Beak in the middle of the clod,..if the set Cock do not strike in counting of 20, and six times 10, and 20 after all; then the Battle is lost. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 253/1 The Cock is to be set, and they are to fight it out. 1884 Western Daily Press 16 Apr. 7/2 A well-known Kentish amateur..decided to ‘set’ his own birds. 1890 F. Barrett Between Life & Death II. xix. 38 She would set her horse at anything. 117. a. To place in a position of hostility or opposition; to cause to be hostile or antagonistic; to pit (one) against (another). to set (a person) against, to cause him to have an antipathy for.to set one's face against: see face n. Phrases 9b. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] > set in opposition set1297 gain-set1435 matchc1440 oppone1463 to set upa1586 oppose1600 counterpone1629 antipose1631 antipathize1667 pit1754 antagonize1849 the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > show hostility to [verb (transitive)] > place in position of opposition set1297 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 9375 Vor setteþ him one hardeliche aȝen an hondred to wende. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxvi. 5 If castels be set agaynes me my hert shal not drede. c1420 in 26 Pol. Poems 108 Why settyst þou þy herte aȝen resoun? 1576 G. Gascoigne Droomme of Doomes Day in Wks. (1910) II. 308 To set our owne wicked wills directly against his most holy will. 1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos 261 He wonders that any man should set his wit against it. 1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. (at cited word) Why wou'd ye set such a Man against ye? 1827 W. Scott Surgeon's Daughter in Chron. Canongate 1st Ser. II. x. 253 Set a brave spirit, then, against your fortune. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. ii. iv. 115 Man has been set against man. 1876 C. M. Yonge Cameos cxxvi, in Monthly Packet May 416 Henry VIII. tried to set François against it. 1884 Manch. Examiner 25 June 5/2 The story..set people against a useful article of fish food. 1891 G. M. Fenn Mahme Nousie II. iii. 54 You have been setting her against me. b. Const. to, at. ΚΠ a1400–50 Wars Alex. (Dubl.) 1316 A sege by hym-self sett to a hundreth. 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. Mv Were there a thousand more of them, and they should set their wit to his. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. i. 88 Will you set your wit to a fooles. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iii. i. 190 So mak'st thou faith an enemy to faith, And like a ciuill warre setst oath to oath. View more context for this quotation 1822 C. Lamb Some Old Actors in Elia 1st Ser. I have seen some Olivias..who..have seemed to set their wits at the jester. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxvi. 20 Whiles her bridegroom bold set to the battle a face. c. reflexive and in passive. To be hostile or antagonistic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > be hostile or antagonistic [verb (reflexive)] setc1482 c1482 in Cal. Proc. Chanc. Q. Eliz. II. (1830) Pref. 70 Whoos lordship and ladyship..is so hevely sette ayene the said suppliant. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ezek. xxiv. 2 When the kynge of Babilon set himself agaynst Ierusalem. 1652 H. Bell tr. M. Luther Colloquia Mensalia 303 The Cardinals would yield to no Reformation, but set themselvs against it. 1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads i. 107 With a mind against me set. 1728 J. Gay Beggar's Opera i. xiii. 18 My Papa and Mama are set against thy Life. 1888 A. Jessopp Coming of Friars iii. 158 The Cistercians..at first set themselves against the wholesale pillage of the parochial clergy. 1889 G. Gissing Nether World iii She only gets more and more set against me. d. intransitive. To make an attack: see to set against —— at Phrasal verbs 1, set at 129, set on, upon, 131, 132 a. X. Senses which appear to have arisen by reversal of construction or by an ellipsis. a. To people or garrison (a place) with. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > furnishing with inhabitants > [verb (transitive)] set971 publish?a1400 inhabitc1400 seedc1400 man?a1425 peoplea1475 peoplish1530 repletec1540 empeople1582 popule1588 world1589 appopulate1625 populate1885 society > armed hostility > defence > defend [verb (transitive)] > garrison set971 bemanc1175 ward1340 garnish?a1400 stuffc1400 fortify1470 force1535 garrison1569 garnison1583 garrisonize1657 971 Blickl. Hom. 121 Hie wiston þæt heora eþel þær on heofenum sceolde eft gebuen & geseted weorþan mid halgum sawlum. a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 964 Her dræfde Eadgar cyng þa preostas on Ceastre of Ealdanmynstre,..& of Middeltune & sette hy mid munecan. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6657 & setten [c1300 Otho fulle] þine castles mid kene monnen. b. To beset (a place) for the purpose of intercepting or capturing a person. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > haunt with hostile intent > lie in ambush near seta1400 forelay1565 the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > stop the movement of > cause to be arrested or intercepted in progress warna1250 foreclosec1290 dit1362 stayc1440 stopc1440 set1525 suppress1547 bar1578 frontier1589 stay1591 intercepta1599 to cut off1600 interpose1615 lodgea1616 obstruct1621 stifle1629 sufflaminate1656 stick1824 to hold up1887 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 19717 Ofte þe toun for him þei set And saul wist þat he was þret. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 56 And tauld how thai the way for his man sett. 1525 Sc. Acts Jas. V (1814) II. 298 Setting þe gait Laying wachis. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 123 With mony spy [he] Gart sett the wod. a1593 C. Marlowe Massacre at Paris (c1600) sig. B1v That they which haue already set the street May know their watchword. 119. To plant (ground) with ‘sets’ or (young) trees; formerly often with about. (Cf. 12.) to be set with = to have growing upon it, to be overgrown with. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > grow or vegetate [verb (intransitive)] > be overgrown with to be set withc1290 overgrowna1450 the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [verb (transitive)] > plant with trees setc1290 arbust1623 co-afforest1655 wood1807 retimber1828 reafforest1834 reforest1836 afforest1843 forest1865 reforestize1890 tree1891 c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 239/695 Þicke it was i-set with treon. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 95 God zette paradys erþlich uol of guode trawes. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) xiii. iv. 443 Ampnis is a ryuer arayed and sett wyth woodes. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 3862 Þat fosse whare þe water was ȝett It is aboute with trees sett. a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. D The riuer Maine..Whose bankes are set with groues of fruitful vines. 1598 Floure & Leafe in T. Speght Wks. G. Chaucer f. 366/1 The hegge..With sicamour was set and eglatere. c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 158 The Pall-mall is set with faire trees. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1646 (1955) II. 507 Severall..walks all set about with Oranges & Citron trees. 1757 R. Griffith & E. Griffith Lett. Henry & Frances I. cxxv. 241 I have set the last Acre of ——, since I came down. 1852 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 13 ii. 417 The whole 3 acres were ploughed and set with beans. 1855 Ld. Tennyson Brook in Maud & Other Poems 103 Many a fairy foreland set With willow-weed and mallow. 1891 M. M. Dowie Girl in Karpathians xiii. 163 A grassy clearing, set with whortleberries. 120. a. To ornament (metal or other surface) by inlaying or encrusting it with stones or gems. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > making jewellery or setting with jewels > set or stud (something) with gems [verb (transitive)] pitchc1300 couchc1330 setc1370 enchasea1533 chasec1540 gem1610 ingem1611 engem?1614 gemmate1623 c1370 Robt. Cicyle 57 (Cambr.) Alle was set with perrye. c1390 (?c1350) Joseph of Arimathie (1871) l. 290 Sencers..set wiþ riche stones. 1431 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 27 A myter of cloth of gold set with stones. 1572–3 in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth (1823) I. 324 One ring of golde sett with diamondes lozengye. 1681 J. Flavell Method of Grace xxxiv. 575 A sword that hath an hilt of Gold, set thick with Diamonds. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1651 (1955) III. 41 Whose belt <was all> set with Pearle. 1795 Gentleman's Mag. 65 607/1 A superb watch, set with brilliants. b. To surround (a large stone) with a mount of small stones; to mount (an object) in a particular metal. ? Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > making jewellery or setting with jewels > set or stud (something) with gems [verb (transitive)] > surround large stone with smaller stones set1506 1506 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1901) III. 246 Ane mergreit set with stanes. 1705 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 584 He had a most rich George in a Sardonix set with Diamond. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. ii. viii. 157 I got it [sc. a Maid of Honor's Corn] hollowed into a Cup and set in Silver. 1728 J. Gay Beggar's Opera i. vi. 7 And this Snuff-box... Set in Gold! 121. a. passive. To be studded, dotted, lined, etc. with a number of objects; occasionally †to be adorned or trimmed with. to be set about (archaic) or to be set round with, to be surrounded or encircled with, to have a circle of. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > be surrounded [verb (intransitive)] to be set abouta1382 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Song of Sol. vii. 2 As an hep of whete, set aboute with lilies. a1400 Parl. 3 Ages 31 And he assommet and sett of vi and of fyve. c1400 Anturs of Arth. (Camden) x In clething vn-clere Was sette aure [Thornton MS. Cerkelytt] with serpentes, that sate to the sidus. 1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iii. ii. 90 Enuyronned and set aboute wyth gardes & wacche-men. 1486 Bk. St. Albans, Her. b iv Quadrat is calde in armys whan the felde is set with sum tokyn of armys. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xviii. 51 b A very fayre fountaine, set about with diuers faire cypres trees. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xxii. 60 b A rich pauillion of..satten set with gold and siluer. 1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 6 A brownish stalke..set with long sharpe leaues. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 755 As with Starrs thir bodies all And Wings were set with Eyes. View more context for this quotation a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 359 An admirable Picture..set about with columns of Alabaster. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1660 (1955) III. 246 The windos & balconies all set with Ladys. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 383. ¶4 How thick the City was set with Churches. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 14 Fantastically set With cupola or minaret. 1889 M. E. Carter Mrs. Severn III. iii. viii. 205 The serene sky was set with stars. 1889 A. Conan Doyle Micah Clarke xxiv. 252 A small ante-chamber, set round with velvet settees. b. rare in the corresponding active use. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > insertion or putting in > insert or put in [verb (transitive)] > at intervals in a surface setc1386 stud1823 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > scatter [verb (transitive)] > scatter (a surface) with something sticka1350 setc1386 ficche1413 sprinkle?1518 scatter1590 sow1611 spatter1647 shower1798 c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 382 A corone on hire heed they han ydressed And sette hire ful of Nowches. 1882 Cent. Mag. 24 398/1 Winter had set them [the summits of the mountain] with snowy castles. 122. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > besiege or blockade [verb (transitive)] belieOE besita1100 beset?c1225 assiege1297 besiege1297 belayc1320 umsiegea1325 ensiegec1380 environa1382 to set before1382 siege1390 forset?a1400 foldc1400 setc1400 to lay siege to, unto, about, against, beforec1449 oppugn?a1475 pursue1488 obsess1503 ferma1522 gird1548 begird1589 beleaguer1590 block1591 invest1591 intermure1606 blockade1684 to lay blockade to1713 leaguer1720 to form the siege1776 cerne1857 c1400 Rom. Rose 7342 They..set the castel al aboute. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xxxi. 5408 He was set harde. a1500 (?c1400) Sir Triamour (Cambr.) (1937) l. 291 We here be sett all abowte. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 715/1 I set rounde aboute, as a man is with his enemyes, or a beest with hunters. b. figurative esp. in passive phrase to be hard set, †to be ill set, to be in great straits or hard put to it. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > present difficulties [verb (intransitive)] > be in difficulties or straits to be hard bested?c1225 to be hard set1387 to be hard (straitly, stiffly, etc.) steada1400 to have mistera1400 charge1487 to be hard (also sorely, etc.) put to ita1616 straiten1647 to be ill set1673 press1813 to be up a gum tree1829 push1863 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 473 Þe kyng..was hard i-sette wiþ tempest in þe see. 1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) xx. 20 Lufe, Quhilk now setts the so sair. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 449 I sall hald that I haue hecht, bot I be hard set. 1653 H. More Antidote against Atheisme iii. ix. (heading) How hard set the Atheist will be for a subterfuge against this story. 1673 O. Heywood Autobiogr., Diaries, Anecd. & Event Bks. (1883) III. 204 They were ill set to liue. 1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxix. 433 The poor Creature is very hard set to drive his Water from him. 1891 Temple Bar Dec. 514 He..was hard set to restrain himself in his desire. 123. a. Of a hunting dog: To mark the position of (game) by stopping dead and pointing the muzzle towards it. (Cf. setter n.1 11.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > action of hounds [verb (transitive)] > point set1621 pointc1692 stand1863 peg1892 1621 G. Markham Hungers Preuention 255 If..you chaunce to see your dogge to make a sudden stop..you shall then presently make into him (for he hath set the Partridge). 1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. at Arrester To set Quails, or Partridges, as a setting Dog does. 1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. xiv. 404 To see a Dog set patridge. 1892 Field 7 May 666/3 I remember once having a young setter dog out with me, when he set a partridge on her nest. b. transferred and figurative. ΚΠ 1675 J. Smith Christian Relig. Appeal i. v. 23 Yet for all this Tully sets this Royal Game [sc. Varro]. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1781 II. 379 [Johnson:] Have I said any thing against Mr.****? You have set him, that I might shoot him: but I have not shot him. 1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. I. 5 My reader may perchance have seen a cat set a mouse. 1888 Times 16 Oct. 10/5 The puppy was..encouraged forward on my trail..and ‘set’ me without a fault. c. intransitive. To set game. †Also formerly (of persons), to go setting, to hunt with a setter. to set dead, to make a dead set: see setting n.1 1c. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunting with hounds > work done by hounds > action of hounds [verb (intransitive)] > point or drop point1742 set1775 stand1806 drop1840 1775 S. Johnson Taxation no Tyranny 12 His dog may refuse to set. 1841 H. Miller Old Red Sandstone (1887) iii. 66 The puppy of the setting-dog squats down and sets untaught. 1892 Field 23 July 124/1 He..steals along a few paces, and then sets rigidly, just as an old grey hen flushes. 1897 Badminton Mag. Apr. 456 The mother, twenty yards off, backs her point and sets dead. 124. a. Nautical. To take the bearings of (an object). ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > direct or manage ship [verb (transitive)] > work out a course > take bearing of set1626 1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 18 Set him by the Compasse. 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. ix. 38 Set the land, how it beares by the Compasse. 1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 5th Bk. Wks. x We weigh'd Anchor, hois'd up Sail, stow'd the Boats, set the Land, and stood for the Offing. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Setting We set the Tower of Arabia near the port of Alexandria. 1808 T. Ashe Trav. Amer. 1806 I. 25 Having set the house with a pocket-compass. 1863 J. B. Harbord Gloss. Navigation (at cited word) 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Set the chase, to mark well the position of the vessel chased by bearing. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > [verb (transitive)] > reach by sailing or arrive at arrivec1440 to fall with ——?c1475 feta1547 seize1588 fetch1589 purchase1589 to fall in1598 porta1625 set1632 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. vii. 328 When they set land, Some this, some that, doe gesse, this Hill, that Cape. 125. a. To mark down as prey, fix on as a victim, make a set at; to watch for the purpose of apprehending or robbing. slang. (Cf. setter n.1 7a.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > lie in wait for keepc1000 waitc1200 aspya1250 awaita1250 wait onc1390 to wait on ——1390 forestall1413 belay1470 to lay fora1513 waylay1513 forelay1548 ambush1555 counterwait1562 to lie for1611 set1670 1670 Mem. Du Vall 8 He, with his Squadron, overtakes a Coach which they had set over night. 1692 T. Sprat Relation Late Wicked Contrivance i. 50 He might come to Rob, or to Set the House. 1728 J. Gay Beggar's Opera iii. iv. 43 There will be deep Play to-night at Marybone,..I'll give you the Hint who is worth Setting. 1732 Tricks of Town 11 The Dogs that belong to private Families and Shopkeepers, the proper time for setting them is generally soon after Seven in the Morning. 1800 in Cornwallis Corr. (1859) III. 320 The person who procured for me all the intelligence respecting Lord Edward Fitzgerald, and got —— to set him. 1890 Argus (Melbourne) 2 July 8/3 Two of the fraternity ‘setting’ a young man..and endeavouring to win the gold for which he had laboured. b. to have or get (a person) set: to have a score to settle with, ‘have it in for’ (that person). Australian and New Zealand slang. Cf. set n.1 7b. ΚΠ 1916 C. J. Dennis Songs Sentimental Bloke (new ed.) 40 This Romeo 'e's lurkin' wiv a crew—A dead tough crowd o' crooks—called Montague. 'Is cliner's push—wot's nick~named Capulet—They 'as 'em set. c1926 ‘Mixer’ Transport Workers' Song Bk. 17 You growl and swear you can't get work Or the boss has got you set. 1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. vi. 121 A man who has acquired a strong dislike of another person... He gets someone set and words him, rebukes him. 1959 S. J. Baker Drum 112 Get someone set, to have a grudge against a person; to prepare to pay someone out. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [verb (transitive)] > reject a witness or juror set1678 1678 G. Mackenzie Laws & Customes Scotl. ii. 498 Thus an Assiser was set..because he was not twenty five Years of age. 1678 G. Mackenzie Laws & Customes Scotl. ii. 529 To object against a witness in our Law, is called to cast a witness, or to set him. Phrasal verbs PV1. With prepositions in specialized senses (intransitive). to set about —— 1. a. To begin working at, take in hand, begin upon. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake [verb (transitive)] underfoc893 fandOE onfangOE undernimc1000 takec1175 to take tillc1175 to take toa1250 underfongc1330 undertakea1340 to take in (also on) handa1350 undertakec1385 attamec1386 to take in (also on) handc1390 embrace1393 emprisec1410 to put to one's hand (also hands)c1410 to go upon ——c1450 enterprise?1473 to set (one's) hand to1477 go?a1500 accept1524 assume1530 to hent in (also upon) handc1540 to swallow up1544 to take to task1546 to go into ——?1548 to set in hand1548 to fare about1563 entertain1569 undergo1606 to set about ——1611 to take up1660 to come at ——1901 1611 Second Maiden's Trag. (1909) iii. i. 37 He will weigh The worke he vndertakes, and sett about it Een in the best sobrietie of his Iudgemt. a1616 [see γ. forms]. 1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1664) 189 I purpose God willing to set about Hosea & to try if I can get it to the presse here. 1708 Ld. Shaftesbury Let. conc. Enthusiasm 8 Men..are wonderfully happy in a Faculty of deceiving themselves, whenever they set heartily about it. 1784 New Spect. No. 1. 6 My friend sat about it with great diligence. 1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor xii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. II. 307 Let every man and woman here set about their ain business. 1865 J. Ruskin Sesame & Lilies i. 5 This essential education might be more easily got..if they set about it in the right way. 1889 A. Conan Doyle Micah Clarke xxx. 313 We had best set about our part of the contract. b. const. infinitive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > set to work upon or begin to deal with to set about ——a1300 to set upon ——1555 fall1589 to deal on, upon1597 to break up1688 begin1808 to set up1857 a1300 Cursor Mundi 1580 Þe scham, þe sin þat þan was vte At tell war lang to sett aboute [Gött. sitt aboute, Fairf. syte a-bout]. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough I. 147 The Queen set about to form Her Ministry. 1840 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 1 iv. 404 He sets about to clean his land in good earnest. 1889 ‘M. Gray’ Reproach of Annesley I. i. iv. 94 He scrambled to his feet, and set about to console himself. c. const. gerund. ΚΠ 1749 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 24 Nov. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1443 I..will set about doing the orders contained therein. a1774 O. Goldsmith tr. P. Scarron Comic Romance (1775) II. xix. 172 Don Sancho's servant..immediately sat about enquiring into Dorothea's conduct. 1865 W. E. Gladstone Gleanings (1879) vii. 34 I will set about explaining what I mean. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. Hist. Eng. III. 173 Peel..set about forming a new party. 2. To set upon, attack. colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] assail?c1225 to set on ——c1290 saila1300 to turn one's handc1325 lashc1330 to set against ——c1330 impugnc1384 offendc1385 weighc1386 checka1400 to lay at?a1400 havec1400 to set at ——c1430 fraya1440 rehetea1450 besail1460 fray1465 tuilyie1487 assaulta1500 enterprise?1510 invade1513 sturt1513 attempt1546 lay1580 tilt1589 to fall aboard——1593 yoke1596 to let into1598 to fall foul1602 attack1655 do1780 to go in at1812 to pitch into ——1823 tackle1828 vampire1832 bushwhack1837 to go for ——1838 take1864 pile1867 volcano1867 to set about ——1879 vampirize1888 to get stuck into1910 to take to ——1911 weigh1941 rugby-tackle1967 rugger-tackle1967 1879 J. W. Horsley Jottings from Jail (1887) 5 This got to my father's ears; when I went home he set about me with a strap until he was tired. 1906 Daily Chron. 22 May 3/3 It is always well to name the antagonist whom you are setting about. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] assail?c1225 to set on ——c1290 saila1300 to turn one's handc1325 lashc1330 to set against ——c1330 impugnc1384 offendc1385 weighc1386 checka1400 to lay at?a1400 havec1400 to set at ——c1430 fraya1440 rehetea1450 besail1460 fray1465 tuilyie1487 assaulta1500 enterprise?1510 invade1513 sturt1513 attempt1546 lay1580 tilt1589 to fall aboard——1593 yoke1596 to let into1598 to fall foul1602 attack1655 do1780 to go in at1812 to pitch into ——1823 tackle1828 vampire1832 bushwhack1837 to go for ——1838 take1864 pile1867 volcano1867 to set about ——1879 vampirize1888 to get stuck into1910 to take to ——1911 weigh1941 rugby-tackle1967 rugger-tackle1967 the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > show hostility to [verb (transitive)] to set against ——c1330 ill-favour1899 snout1916 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > attack with hostile words or measures fangc1320 hurtlec1374 impugnc1384 weighc1386 to fall upon ——a1398 to start on ——a1398 oppugn?1435 to lay to, untoa1500 onseta1522 wipe1523 to set against ——1542 to fall aboard——1593 aggress1596 to fall foul1602 attack1613 appugn1615 to set upon ——1639 to fall on ——1641 to lay home, hard, hardly to1650 tack1720 bombard1766 savage1796 to pitch into ——1823 to begin upon a personc1825 bulldog1842 to down on (also upon)a1848 to set at ——1849 to start on ——a1851 to start in on1859 set on at or to1862 to let into1872 to go for ——1890 swash1890 slog1891 to get at ——1893 tee1955 c1330 Arth. & Merl. 4874 Þis paiens..oȝains þis children set. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 2082 I my-selfe with a sowme set þaim agayns. 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 333 He spared not to sette against Philippus wt moste vehemente oracions. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. ii. 147 You all are bent To set against mee. View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Ezek. xix. 8 The nations set against him on euery side. View more context for this quotation 1685 R. Baxter Paraphr. New Test. Mark vii. 9 You think it very well done, to set against Godliness and God's own Laws. 2. To compensate, balance. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > make equal [verb (transitive)] > balance against or counterbalance gaina1375 counterpoise1393 peisea1400 weigh1583 set1589 poise1600 to weigh against, again1600 affront1609 balance1624 cancel1633 counterbalance1636 counterpose1636 compensate1656 equilibriatea1657 outset1656 equiponderate1661 equipoise1664 equibalance1665 offset1673 countersway1710 to set off1749 counterweigh1825 equilibrate1829 to set against ——1832 equilibrize1833 1832 H. Martineau Homes Abroad vii. 104 Such a fright as we have had will set against a great deal of the good. 3. To move in a direction opposed to. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] withgo743 to go again ——OE withsayc1175 again-goc1275 withsitc1300 thwarta1325 to go against ——a1382 counter1382 repugnc1384 adversea1393 craba1400 gainsaya1400 movec1400 overthwart?a1425 to put (also set) one's face againsta1425 traversea1425 contrairc1425 to take again ——c1425 contraryc1430 to take against ——a1450 opposec1485 again-seta1500 gain?a1500 oppone1500 transverse1532 to come up against1535 heave at1546 to be against1549 encounter1549 to set shoulder against1551 to fly in the face of1553 crossc1555 to cross with1590 countermand1592 forstand1599 opposit1600 thorter1608 obviate1609 disputea1616 obstrigillate1623 contradict1632 avert1635 to set one's hand against1635 top1641 militate1642 to come across ——1653 contrariate1656 to cross upon (or on)1661 shock1667 clash1685 rencounter1689 obtend1697 counteract1708 oppugnate1749 retroact?1761 controvert1782 react1795 to set against ——1859 appose- 1859 T. Parker Exper. as Minister in Wks. (1865) XII. 318 Public opinion, now setting against this beastly vice. 1889 C. Larking With Everything against Her III. xi. 245 On the last day luck set dead against her. To assail, attack. (Cf. to set about —— 2 at Phrasal verbs 1, to set against —— 1 at Phrasal verbs 1, to set into —— at Phrasal verbs 1.) ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > attack [verb (transitive)] greetc893 overfallOE riseOE assail?c1225 to lay on or upon?c1225 onseekc1275 to set on ——c1290 infighta1300 saila1300 to go upon ——c1300 to turn one's handc1325 lashc1330 annoyc1380 impugnc1384 offendc1385 to fall on ——a1387 sault1387 affrayc1390 to set upon ——1390 to fall upon ——a1398 to lay at?a1400 semblea1400 assayc1400 havec1400 aset1413 oppressa1425 attachc1425 to set at ——c1430 fraya1440 fray1465 oppugn?a1475 sayc1475 envaye1477 pursue1488 envahisshe1489 assaulta1500 to lay to, untoa1500 requirea1500 enterprise?1510 invade1513 assemblec1515 expugn1530 to fare on1535 to fall into ——1550 mount1568 attack?1576 affront1579 invest1598 canvass1599 to take arms1604 attempt1605 to make force at, to, upon1607 salute1609 offence1614 strikea1616 to give a lift at1622 to get at ——1650 insult1697 to walk into ——1794 to go in at1812 to go for ——1838 to light on ——1842 strafe1915 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] assail?c1225 to set on ——c1290 saila1300 to turn one's handc1325 lashc1330 to set against ——c1330 impugnc1384 offendc1385 weighc1386 checka1400 to lay at?a1400 havec1400 to set at ——c1430 fraya1440 rehetea1450 besail1460 fray1465 tuilyie1487 assaulta1500 enterprise?1510 invade1513 sturt1513 attempt1546 lay1580 tilt1589 to fall aboard——1593 yoke1596 to let into1598 to fall foul1602 attack1655 do1780 to go in at1812 to pitch into ——1823 tackle1828 vampire1832 bushwhack1837 to go for ——1838 take1864 pile1867 volcano1867 to set about ——1879 vampirize1888 to get stuck into1910 to take to ——1911 weigh1941 rugby-tackle1967 rugger-tackle1967 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > attack with hostile words or measures fangc1320 hurtlec1374 impugnc1384 weighc1386 to fall upon ——a1398 to start on ——a1398 oppugn?1435 to lay to, untoa1500 onseta1522 wipe1523 to set against ——1542 to fall aboard——1593 aggress1596 to fall foul1602 attack1613 appugn1615 to set upon ——1639 to fall on ——1641 to lay home, hard, hardly to1650 tack1720 bombard1766 savage1796 to pitch into ——1823 to begin upon a personc1825 bulldog1842 to down on (also upon)a1848 to set at ——1849 to start on ——a1851 to start in on1859 set on at or to1862 to let into1872 to go for ——1890 swash1890 slog1891 to get at ——1893 tee1955 c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) i. xliii. 26 Ne were ye so gret a ladi, ye shulde right soone haue þe werre, and at yow j wolde sette. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. xlixv They were priuely sett at and in many ieopardies. 1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 16 262/1 He sets at the church..and he deals it..strong advice and comment. 1874 C. M. Yonge Cameos cxxi, in Monthly Packet June 523 I would go, although as many devils should set at me as there are tiles on the house-tops. see 91c. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] beginc1000 take?a1160 comsea1225 gina1325 commencec1330 tamec1386 to take upa1400 enterc1510 to stand to1567 incept1569 start1570 to set into ——1591 initiate1604 imprime1637 to get to ——1655 flesh1695 to start on ——1885 1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Life Agricola in tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. 243 Boldnesse to challenge and set into dangers. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Bb1v When Schollars come to the practises of professions, or other actions of ciuill life, which when they set into [etc.] . View more context for this quotation 2. To get into (a certain condition). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare or get ready [verb (intransitive)] buskc1330 agraith1340 to make readya1382 arraya1387 providec1425 prepare1517 addressa1522 apparel1523 bouna1525 buckle1563 to make frecka1572 fettle?c1600 fix1716 to set into ——1825 to show foot1825 ready1878 to fang a pump, (loosely) a well1883 prep1900 to get (oneself) organized1926 to sharpen one's pencil1957 1825 in W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 292 I begin..setting into wind to follow the foxhounds in November. = to set upon —— at Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > attack [verb (transitive)] greetc893 overfallOE riseOE assail?c1225 to lay on or upon?c1225 onseekc1275 to set on ——c1290 infighta1300 saila1300 to go upon ——c1300 to turn one's handc1325 lashc1330 annoyc1380 impugnc1384 offendc1385 to fall on ——a1387 sault1387 affrayc1390 to set upon ——1390 to fall upon ——a1398 to lay at?a1400 semblea1400 assayc1400 havec1400 aset1413 oppressa1425 attachc1425 to set at ——c1430 fraya1440 fray1465 oppugn?a1475 sayc1475 envaye1477 pursue1488 envahisshe1489 assaulta1500 to lay to, untoa1500 requirea1500 enterprise?1510 invade1513 assemblec1515 expugn1530 to fare on1535 to fall into ——1550 mount1568 attack?1576 affront1579 invest1598 canvass1599 to take arms1604 attempt1605 to make force at, to, upon1607 salute1609 offence1614 strikea1616 to give a lift at1622 to get at ——1650 insult1697 to walk into ——1794 to go in at1812 to go for ——1838 to light on ——1842 strafe1915 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] assail?c1225 to set on ——c1290 saila1300 to turn one's handc1325 lashc1330 to set against ——c1330 impugnc1384 offendc1385 weighc1386 checka1400 to lay at?a1400 havec1400 to set at ——c1430 fraya1440 rehetea1450 besail1460 fray1465 tuilyie1487 assaulta1500 enterprise?1510 invade1513 sturt1513 attempt1546 lay1580 tilt1589 to fall aboard——1593 yoke1596 to let into1598 to fall foul1602 attack1655 do1780 to go in at1812 to pitch into ——1823 tackle1828 vampire1832 bushwhack1837 to go for ——1838 take1864 pile1867 volcano1867 to set about ——1879 vampirize1888 to get stuck into1910 to take to ——1911 weigh1941 rugby-tackle1967 rugger-tackle1967 c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 16/530 A cristine man sone he mette,..and on him faste he sette. c1450 Brut ii. 434 He set sore on the Frensshe men. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur ii. x. 87 Syr said a knyght set on arthur for they are wery and forfoughten. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. cxxxvj The Frenchemen, beyng sodainly surprised and set on. 1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. xlii. sig. H1v He..sets boldly on good natures, as the most vanquishable. c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 136 The Company behind us, were set on by Rogues. 1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions II. 447 With despair pictured in every face, the crew set on the pumps. 1892 Sat. Rev. 13 Aug. 185/2 If you see a man set on by robbers. see 14b, 103, 113c. 1. a. To attack, assail, fall violently upon. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > attack [verb (transitive)] greetc893 overfallOE riseOE assail?c1225 to lay on or upon?c1225 onseekc1275 to set on ——c1290 infighta1300 saila1300 to go upon ——c1300 to turn one's handc1325 lashc1330 annoyc1380 impugnc1384 offendc1385 to fall on ——a1387 sault1387 affrayc1390 to set upon ——1390 to fall upon ——a1398 to lay at?a1400 semblea1400 assayc1400 havec1400 aset1413 oppressa1425 attachc1425 to set at ——c1430 fraya1440 fray1465 oppugn?a1475 sayc1475 envaye1477 pursue1488 envahisshe1489 assaulta1500 to lay to, untoa1500 requirea1500 enterprise?1510 invade1513 assemblec1515 expugn1530 to fare on1535 to fall into ——1550 mount1568 attack?1576 affront1579 invest1598 canvass1599 to take arms1604 attempt1605 to make force at, to, upon1607 salute1609 offence1614 strikea1616 to give a lift at1622 to get at ——1650 insult1697 to walk into ——1794 to go in at1812 to go for ——1838 to light on ——1842 strafe1915 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 247 The lordes alle upon him sette With drawe swerdes. 1525 J. Russell in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 300 Wheere the Emperors thought to have set upon them being encamped, they founde them in array and goode ordre. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 716/1 They dyd sette upon me foure to one. 1562 J. Mountgomery in Archaeologia (1883) 47 230 His maister..meteth whithe theeves..And ys sett vpon by them. 1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes i. §60. 100 David..set upon a Beare at one time, and on a Lion at another, and slew them both. 1663 S. Pepys Diary 11 May (1971) IV. 131 I was set upon by a great dog, who got hold of my garters. 1722 St. James's Evening Post 14–16 June 2/1 A young Man was set upon by three Rogues..and robb'd of Bills and Money. 1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xliii. 434 Wounded, hunted, set upon by dogs. 1879 M. J. Guest Lect. Hist. Eng. xii. 109 The Danes came against them and set upon them again and again. b. in immaterial sense. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > attack with hostile words or measures fangc1320 hurtlec1374 impugnc1384 weighc1386 to fall upon ——a1398 to start on ——a1398 oppugn?1435 to lay to, untoa1500 onseta1522 wipe1523 to set against ——1542 to fall aboard——1593 aggress1596 to fall foul1602 attack1613 appugn1615 to set upon ——1639 to fall on ——1641 to lay home, hard, hardly to1650 tack1720 bombard1766 savage1796 to pitch into ——1823 to begin upon a personc1825 bulldog1842 to down on (also upon)a1848 to set at ——1849 to start on ——a1851 to start in on1859 set on at or to1862 to let into1872 to go for ——1890 swash1890 slog1891 to get at ——1893 tee1955 1639 S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 205 Of all brags the foolishest is, that which sets upon the reputation of a weake sex. 1690 J. Locke Two Treat. of Gouernem. i. xi. §118 However sin might set upon him. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 16. ¶3 If I attack the Vicious, I shall only set upon them in a Body. 1875 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) I. 356 This is the reason why my three accusers..have set upon me. 2. To urge strongly, importune. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > try to persuade stirc1380 pressc1440 fanda1500 attempta1547 invite1548 procure1551 to threap (something) upon1571 to set upon ——1652 flog1793 1652 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. Bentivoglio Hist. Relations Flanders 158 The Princesse was secretly set upon in private to suffer herself to bee conveyed away. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 236 The best of the Episcopal Clergy set upon the Bishops, to lay hold on this opportunity. 1883 G. N. Bankes Cambr. Staircase vi. 95 Milstead again set upon Oxden for his story. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake [verb (transitive)] > tackle or proceed to deal with entreat?a1450 overtakea1500 to go on ——1508 take1523 to go about ——?1533 to set upon ——1555 fall1589 to turn one's hand1628 to take to task1649 tackle1847 to take on1898 the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > set to work upon or begin to deal with to set about ——a1300 to set upon ——1555 fall1589 to deal on, upon1597 to break up1688 begin1808 to set up1857 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. xii. 300 It behoued them to sende for the Bishoppe, to hallowe the firste corner stone... And then might the Masons sette vpon the reste, but not afore. 1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. 146 It was my fortune to set upon a hard and difficult building in a Church of Mixco. 1681 R. L'Estrange tr. Cicero Offices (ed. 2) 69 Him that sets upon Building. 1709 J. Strype Ann. Reformation xxiii. 234 The Dean..exciting them with all his Rhetorick, to set upon the Reparation of it. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §103 To level the Sugar-Loaf..would..be a serious work; as it never could be set upon except when the sea was remarkably still. 4. Nautical. To haul or pull upon. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (transitive)] > work ropes or cables in specific ways windc1550 veer1590 veer1604 rousea1625 heave1626 overhaul1626 ease1627 pay1627 reeve1627 unbend1627 to come up1685 overhale1692 to pay away1769 surge1769 render1777 to pay out1793 to round down1793 to set upon ——1793 swig1794 veer1806 snake1815 to side out for a bend1831 rack1841 snub1841 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) 196 This tackle being a little slacked,..and then set upon. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) 197 The rope..being then set upon by the main tackle. PV2. With adverbs in specialized senses. to set about To circulate, spread about (a statement, report). Now chiefly northern dialect. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publish or spread abroad [verb (transitive)] sowc888 blowc1275 dispeple1297 to do abroadc1300 fame1303 publyc1350 defamea1382 publisha1382 open?1387 proclaima1393 slandera1400 spreada1400 abroachc1400 throwc1400 to give outa1425 promote?a1425 noisec1425 publicc1430 noisec1440 divulgea1464 to put outc1475 skail1487 to come out witha1500 bruit1525 bruita1529 to bear out1530 divulgate1530 promulgate1530 propale?1530 ventilate1530 provulgate1535 sparple1536 sparse1536 promulge1539 disperse1548 publicate1548 forthtell1549 hurly-burly?1550 propagate1554 to set abroada1555 utter1561 to set forth1567 blaze1570 evulgate1570 scatter1576 rear?1577 to carry about1585 pervulgate1586 celebrate?1596 propalate1598 vent1602 evulge1611 to give forth1611 impublic1628 ventilate1637 disseminate1643 expose1644 emit1650 to put about1664 to send abroad1681 to get abroad1688 to take out1697 advertise1710 forward1713 to set abouta1715 circulate1780 broadcast1829 vent1832 vulgate1851 debit1879 float1883 a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 168 Many discourses were set about upon this occasion. 1890 Sat. Rev. 4 Oct. 385/1 Alarming reports have been set about as to the imminence of serious trouble. archaic. 1. To broach (a cask, liquor). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > open [verb (transitive)] > open to use or a source > broach (a cask, etc.) to set abroach1390 attame1393 abroachc1400 tame?a1412 broachc1440 to set a (on) broachc1440 strikea1616 tap1694 peg1721 spile1832 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 183 Riht as who sette a tonne abroche. c1460 [see ]. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 209 The Jarrs of gen'rous Wine..He set abroach, and for the Feast prepar'd. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xvii. 67 Hogsheads of ale and claret were set abroach in the streets. 2. To set on foot, set going, give currency or publicity to. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > initiate [verb (transitive)] beginc1175 baptizec1384 to set a (on) broachc1440 open1471 to set abroachc1475 entame1477 to set afloat1559 initiate1604 first1607 principiate1613 to set afoot or on foot1615 unclap1621 inchoatea1631 flush1633 to set on1638 principatec1650 rudiment1654 auspicate1660 embryonate1666 to strike up1711 start1723 institutea1797 float1833 spark1912 c1475 Mankind 572 in Macro Plays 21 Ther xall be sett a-broche a clerycall mater. 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 19v Than euery one of them setteth his shiftes abroche. 1579 S. Gosson Schoole of Abuse f. 14v There set they a broche straunge consortes of melodie. 1638 Bp. J. Wilkins Discov. New World (1684) ii. 2 Let but some upstart Heresie be set abroach. 1702 Eng. Theophrastus 324 A studied and a laborious forecast toward the setting of a humour abroach. 1835 R. Browning Paracelsus iii. 110 But 'twas not my desire to set abroach Such memories and forebodings. Obsolete. 1. To spread abroad, spread wide. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > extend [verb (transitive)] > spread (something) out or open abredeeOE bredeOE stretcha1000 to-spreada1000 openOE spreadc1175 displayc1320 to let outc1380 to open outc1384 outspreada1400 spald?a1400 splayc1402 expand?a1475 to lay along1483 speld?a1500 skail1513 to set abroad1526 to lay abroad1530 flarec1550 bespread1557 to set out1573 dispread1590 explaina1600 expanse1600 dispack1605 splat1615 dispand1656 extend1676 flat1709 spelder1710 spreadeagle1829 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. xxiii. f. xxxijv They sett abroade there philateris, and make large borders on there garmenttes. 2. To publish (a treatise); to circulate (a report); to disseminate (a disease); to set (a matter) on foot. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publish or spread abroad [verb (transitive)] sowc888 blowc1275 dispeple1297 to do abroadc1300 fame1303 publyc1350 defamea1382 publisha1382 open?1387 proclaima1393 slandera1400 spreada1400 abroachc1400 throwc1400 to give outa1425 promote?a1425 noisec1425 publicc1430 noisec1440 divulgea1464 to put outc1475 skail1487 to come out witha1500 bruit1525 bruita1529 to bear out1530 divulgate1530 promulgate1530 propale?1530 ventilate1530 provulgate1535 sparple1536 sparse1536 promulge1539 disperse1548 publicate1548 forthtell1549 hurly-burly?1550 propagate1554 to set abroada1555 utter1561 to set forth1567 blaze1570 evulgate1570 scatter1576 rear?1577 to carry about1585 pervulgate1586 celebrate?1596 propalate1598 vent1602 evulge1611 to give forth1611 impublic1628 ventilate1637 disseminate1643 expose1644 emit1650 to put about1664 to send abroad1681 to get abroad1688 to take out1697 advertise1710 forward1713 to set abouta1715 circulate1780 broadcast1829 vent1832 vulgate1851 debit1879 float1883 society > communication > printing > publishing > publish [verb (transitive)] to put forth1482 to put out1529 to set forth1535 promulge1539 to set abroada1555 present1559 to set out1559 utter1561 divulge1566 publish1573 print?1594 emit1650 edition1715 edit1727 to give to the world1757 to get out1786 to send forth1849 to bring out1878 run1879 release1896 pub1932 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > make diseased [verb (transitive)] > spread disease to set abroada1555 the world > space > extension in space > spreading or diffusion > [verb (transitive)] > specific something immaterial sowc888 forspreada1300 breathea1425 diffusea1425 transfusec1425 sparkle?1533 seminate1535 enlarge1553 propagate1554 disperse1576 proseminate1619 disseminate1643 infusea1672 overpass1679 to set abroad1688 vulgate1851 a1555 J. Bradford in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. xlv. 127 Thoughe yt be never so daungerous to me to sett this lyttell Treatys abroad. 1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxliii. 265 The plague..was set abroade in the towne through buying..bedding..infected. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus i. i. 192 And set abroad new busines for you all. View more context for this quotation 1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. ii. sig. Ooo/1 To set a Story abroad. 1759 S. Fielding Hist. Countess of Dellwyn I. 257 Ingeniously set it abroad that a Fire had happened. † = to set down at Phrasal verbs 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > humiliation > humiliate [verb (transitive)] anitherOE fellOE lowc1175 to lay lowc1225 to set adownc1275 snuba1340 meekc1350 depose1377 aneantizea1382 to bring lowa1387 declinea1400 meekenc1400 to pull downc1425 avalec1430 to-gradea1440 to put downc1440 humble1484 alow1494 deject?1521 depress1526 plucka1529 to cut (rarely to cast down) the comb of?1533 to bring down1535 to bring basec1540 adbass1548 diminish1560 afflict1561 to take down1562 to throw down1567 debase1569 embase1571 diminute1575 to put (also thrust) a person's nose out of jointc1576 exinanite1577 to take (a person) a peg lower1589 to take (a person) down a peg (or two)1589 disbasea1592 to take (a person) down a buttonhole (or two)1592 comb-cut1593 unpuff1598 atterr1605 dismount1608 annihilate1610 crest-fall1611 demit1611 pulla1616 avilea1617 to put a scorn on, upon1633 mortify1639 dimit1658 to put a person's pipe out1720 to let down1747 to set down1753 humiliate1757 to draw (a person's) eyeteeth1789 start1821 squabash1822 to wipe a person's eye1823 to crop the feathers of1827 embarrass1839 to knock (also take, etc.) (a person) off his or her perch1864 to sit upon ——1864 squelch1864 to cut out of all feather1865 to sit on ——1868 to turn down1870 to score off1882 to do (a person) in the eye1891 puncture1908 to put (a person) in (also into) his, her place1908 to cut down to size1927 flatten1932 to slap (a person) down1938 punk1963 society > authority > office > removal from office or authority > remove from office or authority [verb (transitive)] outOE deposec1300 remuec1325 to put out1344 to set downc1369 deprivec1374 outputa1382 removea1382 to throw outa1382 to put downc1384 privea1387 to set adowna1387 to put out of ——?a1400 amovec1425 disappoint1434 unmakec1475 dismiss1477 dispoint1483 voidc1503 to set or put beside (or besides) the cushion1546 relieve1549 cass1550 displace1553 unauthorize1554 to wring out1560 seclude1572 eject1576 dispost1577 decass1579 overboard1585 cast1587 sequester1587 to put to grass1589 cashier1592 discompose1599 abdicate1610 unseat1611 dismount1612 disoffice1627 to take off1642 unchair1645 destitute1653 lift1659 resign1674 quietus1688 superannuate1692 derange1796 shelve1812 shelf1819 Stellenbosch1900 defenestrate1917 axe1922 retire1961 the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of sitting > be sitting or seated [verb (intransitive)] > sit down sitOE to sit adownc1275 to sit downc1300 to make one's seata1400 to set adowna1400 to set downc1400 seat1596 pitch1796 roost1816 take a pew1898 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9822 We weoren..for gode men iholden. a þat Sæxisce men setten [c1300 Otho sette] us a-dune. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2459 Þanne as bliue þat barn þe best a-doun sette. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 226 Vp-on the..gras They settyn hem ful softely adoun. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 107 And I..deme þat I be disposed and i-sette adoun. a1400 Coer de L. 2142 The steward on knees him set adown. Obsolete. archaic. 1. To launch, float (literal and figurative). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > initiate [verb (transitive)] beginc1175 baptizec1384 to set a (on) broachc1440 open1471 to set abroachc1475 entame1477 to set afloat1559 initiate1604 first1607 principiate1613 to set afoot or on foot1615 unclap1621 inchoatea1631 flush1633 to set on1638 principatec1650 rudiment1654 auspicate1660 embryonate1666 to strike up1711 start1723 institutea1797 float1833 spark1912 society > travel > travel by water > launching a vessel > launch or set afloat [verb (transitive)] launch?a1400 puta1450 shoot1487 lance?1518 to set on the sea, water, afloat1559 to set afloat1785 float1885 1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Cade xi. 1 See here how fortune setting vs a flote, Brought to our nets a portion of our pray. 1575 G. Gascoigne Glasse of Gouernem. iv. iii. sig. I I trust maister Philosarchus fees will be sufficient to set both thee and me a floate. 1785 J. Boswell Jrnl. Tour Hebrides 3 I got our common friends there to assist in setting him afloat. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. ii. v. 65 Wondrous leather-roofed Floating-batteries, set afloat by French-Spanish Pacte de Famille. 2. To bring to the surface (as the dregs of a liquid); hence figurative to set (esp. something bad) in motion, set agog, stir up, make active. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > action or process of floating > cause to float [verb (transitive)] to set afloat (on float)1586 swim1669 float1853 the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > give rise to makeOE breedc1200 wakea1325 wakenc1330 engendera1393 gendera1398 raisea1400 begetc1443 reara1513 ingener1513 ingenerate1528 to stir upc1530 yield1576 to pull ona1586 to brood up1586 to set afloat (on float)1586 spawn1594 innate1602 initiate1604 inbreed1605 irritate1612 to give rise to1630 to let in1655 to gig (out)1659 to set up1851 gin1887 the world > movement > motion in specific manner > irregular movement or agitation > agitate [verb (transitive)] > stir > cause to rise by stirring raise1581 to set afloat (on float)1586 1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 370 The fire of sedition, which setteth a floate all kind of impietie. 1669 W. Charleton Mysterie of Vintners in Two Disc. 184 Seeing all Unsavouriness of Wines whatever seems to proceed from their impurities set afloat. 1724 W. Warburton Misc. Transl. 8 Ill Qualities,..when indiscreetly set on Float, become fatal to the Constitution. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. v. iii. 132 A very trifling Accident set all his Passions again on Float. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas III. ix. x. 465 Hold your hand..exclaimed I... You must not set my avarice afloat again. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > flood or overflow [verb (transitive)] overruneOE overflowOE surround1444 overfleeta1460 infounder1505 overfloat1601 inund1628 deluge1649 inound1657 flood1663 to set on float1692 overflood?1784 inundate1791 float1794 freshet1865 1692 J. Ray Misc. Disc. v. 68 So much Water..as..caused a considerable Flood.., setting all the Meadows on flote. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > cause nervous excitement or agitate [verb (transitive)] to carry away?1529 agitate1591 fermentate1599 tumultuate1616 alarm1620 overwork1645 uncalm1650 flutter1664 pother1692 to set afloata1713 fluctuate1788 fuss1816 tumult1819 to break up1825 rile1857 to steam up1860 to shake up1884 a1713 T. Ellwood Hist. Life (1714) 320 [Their] Applause setting his Head afloat, he came up to London. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] to let awaya1000 forcast?c1225 to lay downc1275 forthrow1340 flita1375 removea1382 to cast away1382 understrewc1384 castc1390 to lay awaya1400 to lay asidec1440 slingc1440 warpiss1444 to lay from, offc1480 way-put1496 depose1526 to lay apart1526 to put off1526 to set apart1530 to turn up1541 abandonate?1561 devest1566 dispatch1569 decarta1572 discard1578 to make away1580 to fling away1587 to cast off1597 doff1599 cashier1603 to set by1603 moult1604 excuss1607 retorta1616 divest1639 deposit1646 disentail1667 dismiss1675 slough1845 shed1856 jettison1869 shake1872 offload1900 junk1911 dump1919 sluff1934 bin1940 to put down1944 shitcan1973 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 711/1 You may sette this a parte for a whyle, for we shall nat occupye it. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > do away with or eradicate to do awayOE to do outOE to put awaya1382 outroot?a1425 to set awayc1430 to set apart1455 roota1500 weed1526 ridc1540 root1565 displace1580 root1582 put1584 eradicate1647 eliminate1650 eruncate1651 to knock out1883 1455 Rolls of Parl. V. 279/2 To..purvey for restfull..reule in Wales, and to sette aparte such riottes and disobeisaunces as have be there. 1475 Rolls of Parl. VI. 143/2 That the said blessed intent,..and last Will..be not..fordoon and sett a parte. a. To dismiss from one's consideration; to put out of one's mind; to cease to entertain, put aside, discontinue. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > ignoring, disregard > ignore, disregard [verb (transitive)] > dismiss from consideration to put out of ——a1250 to lay awaya1400 to set asidec1407 to lay by1439 to lay asidec1440 to let (something) walkc1450 to set apart?1473 reject1490 seclude?1531 to let go1535 to put offc1540 to set by1592 sepose1593 to think away1620 to look over ——a1640 prescind1650 seposit1657 decognize1659 inconsider1697 to set over1701 shelf1819 sink1820 shelve1847 eliminate1848 to count out1854 discounta1856 defenestrate1917 neg1987 ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) II. lf. 337v They..sette aparte all dangers and paryllis. 1515 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 103 To set aparte all suche neue besynes as that thenne they hadde begonne. ?1566 J. Phillip Commodye Pacient & Meeke Grissill sig. G.ii Be frollicke and ioyfull set sorowes aparte. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xx. vii. 152 Sequestring and setting apart his anger for that time. 1698 Spelman's Hist. Sacrilege 144 They all set all other Business a-part. b. in absolute participial phr. ΚΠ ?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) I. lf. 72v That thou retorne in to the mercy of thy fader..alle excusacions set a part. 1508 J. Fisher Treat. Penyt. Psalmes sig. aa.iiiv Set aperte the goodnes and gentylnes of almyghty god. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xiiijv He would..all delaye sette a parte, repaire into Germany. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) iii. i. 85 All reuerence set apart To him and his vsurp'd authoritie. View more context for this quotation 1636 T. Heywood Challenge i, in Wks. (1874) V. 11 To parallel the Queene in beauty and vertue?.. Which he may easily doe, her Prerogative of birth set apart. 4. To separate for a special purpose; to devote to some use. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > holiness > consecration > perform consecration [verb (transitive)] hallow971 blessc1000 teemc1275 bensyc1315 sacrec1380 dediec1430 consecratea1464 dedify1482 sanctify1483 consacrea1492 speak1502 vow1526 dedicate1530 sequester1533 celebrate1584 devote1586 vow1600 to set apart1604 devout1615 devove1619 devow1626 inauguratea1639 behallow1648 sanctificatea1677 sanctize1691 mancipate1715 sacrate1755 sacrify1827 sacrament1829 sacralize1933 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > separate from main body > for a purpose reservec1410 separate1526 to set apart1711 to set aside1720 seclude1771 ring-fence1870 1604 S. Hieron Preachers Plea in Wks. (1620) I. 492 Whom God did neuer set a part to that holy seruice. 1611 Bible (King James) Exod. xiii. 12 Thou shalt set apart [ Coverdale, sunder out] vnto the Lord all that openeth the matrix. View more context for this quotation c1680 W. Beveridge Serm. (1729) I. 13 If no places were set apart for the worship of God. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 10. ¶2 Families, that set apart an Hour in every Morning for Tea. 1853 F. D. Maurice Prophets & Kings Old Test. ii. 22 A portion of the sacrifice was set apart for him. 1. See simple physical senses and aside adv. 1 – 3; to put on one side. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > set aside defer1393 to lay asidec1405 to set aside (on side)1412 side?1840 sidetrack1872 1412–20 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy ii. 2696 Make þi choyse..Whan euery drogge & pot is set a-syde. c1430 Art Nombryng (1922) 10 Write a cifre in the place of the figure sette a-side. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 711/2 Set this asyde, tyll I call for it. a1600 T. Deloney Pleasant Hist. Iohn Winchcomb (1619) i. sig. Cijv Set your link aside and giue mee your hand. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Remouvoir, to remoue, retire, withdraw, set aside, put away. 1614 A. Gorges tr. Lucan Pharsalia viii. 343 His Roman pile was set aside. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 103 When she has calv'd, then set the Dam aside . View more context for this quotation ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > intend [verb (transitive)] > discard the intention of doing to set aside1426 the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > unaccustomedness or state of disuse > give up a habit or practice [verb (transitive)] leaveeOE forsakec1175 waive1340 twinc1386 refuse1389 to set aside1426 relinquish1454 abuse1471 renouncec1480 disaccustom1483 to break from1530 to lay aside1530 disprofess1590 dropa1616 to set bya1674 decline1679 unpractise?1680 slough1845 shake1872 sluff1934 kick1936 1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 22458 Late lordes..Sette asyde alle fflaterye! c1440 J. Lydgate Horse, Goose & Sheep 90 Lett alle werr and stryffe be sett A-syde. 1528 Rede me & be nott Wrothe sig. d viiv Sett thy busynes a whyle a side, And lett vs have fyrst a songe. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 711/2 The kynge wyll, all other thynges set asyde, that you examyne this mannes mater. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iv. i. 182 Our purpos'd hunting shall be set aside . View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis viii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 451 Set your Tasks aside. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > holding out or making stand > hold [verb (transitive)] > repel defendc1330 rebukec1380 rebut?a1425 rebatea1475 repel?a1475 repulse?a1475 rechasec1475 to set aside1522 push?1571 shoulder1581 to beat back1593 1522 Worlde & Chylde (de Worde) (1909) sig. A.vi To set our enemy sharpely on syde. 4. a. To dismiss from one's mind, abandon the consideration of. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > ignoring, disregard > ignore, disregard [verb (transitive)] > dismiss from consideration to put out of ——a1250 to lay awaya1400 to set asidec1407 to lay by1439 to lay asidec1440 to let (something) walkc1450 to set apart?1473 reject1490 seclude?1531 to let go1535 to put offc1540 to set by1592 sepose1593 to think away1620 to look over ——a1640 prescind1650 seposit1657 decognize1659 inconsider1697 to set over1701 shelf1819 sink1820 shelve1847 eliminate1848 to count out1854 discounta1856 defenestrate1917 neg1987 c1407 J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte 3189 And al they mente in honest wyse, Vnleful lust was set a-syde. 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus ii. ii. sig. Kij Settynge care and thought a syde. 1562 Aberd. Kirk Session Rec. (Spalding Club) 4 All vder excusatioun set asyde. 1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) Ep. Ded. sig. Aiiv Settinge asyde all feare. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iii. iii. 119 All dissembling set aside, Tell me for truth, the measure of his Loue. View more context for this quotation 1710 W. Wycherley Let. to Pope 1 Apr. Yet..set raillery or compliment aside, I can bear your absence..better than I can your company when you are in pain. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. xi. 274 To make her lady's safety the principal object of her care, setting all other considerations aside. b. In imperative or participial construction: Excluding, excepting, except for, apart from. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > exclusiveness [preposition] > except or excepting savec1330 out-takenc1384 saving1386 other thana1425 savea1500 reserving1541 salvo1601 to set aside1610 abstracting from1614 save fora1616 sans1659 exclude1720 aside from1818 saufc1844 out-taking1848 secludinga1851 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 567 I saw Solyhill: but in it, setting a side the Church, there is nothing worth sight. 1652 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. Bentivoglio Hist. Relations Flanders 55 And set wine aside..they abound in all things necessary for human life. 1657 Earl of Monmouth tr. P. Paruta Politick Disc. 107 But set this respect aside, to live out of a mans Countrie, hath no resemblance of evil. 1760 Impostors Detected II. iii. xi. 123 He was a very good kind of a man, setting aside his figure. 1883 E. Lawless Millionaire's Cousin iv. 95 Setting aside this, all inequality so far as I can see ceases. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > exclusiveness [preposition] > not taking account of to let by1577 to set aside1753 to let alone1812 1753 L. M. tr. J. Du Bosc Accomplish'd Woman I. 61 I think, that setting aside scandal, it were enough to escape their [men's] censure. 1785 Liberal Amer. 1 63 I flattered myself that the sight of a country..which is certainly beautiful, setting aside the charm of novelty, would have amused her. 5. To reject or throw over as being of no value, cogency, or pertinence; to overrule. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > refuse to submit to [verb (transitive)] > set aside authority recusea1387 unauthorize1554 overridec1565 overtop1584 to set aside1594 to ride over——1651 1594 W. West Symbolæogr.: 2nd Pt. ii. Chancerie §22 Equitie..setting on side the common rules of the law. 1688 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 583 Such a dispencing power, as might..set aside all Lawes. 1763 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting III. i. 33 [He] was brought to set aside his evidence. 1870–2 H. P. Liddon Some Elements Relig. (1904) iv. §i. 133 The existence of moral evil is too patent..a subject, to be permanently set aside by human beings. 1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. I. vi. 135 The rule of hereditary succession was..set aside. 1885 R. Bridges Nero iii. i. 12/2 To set our honoured oaths and firm allegiance To you aside, as being unjustly sworn. 6. To discard or reject from use or service, in favour of another. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > non-use > refrain from using [verb (transitive)] > discard from use > in favour of another to set aside1576 1576 G. Gascoigne Droomme of Doomes Day iii. K iijv Settinge a side such thinges as are requisite for the soules health: And omitting the obseruance of gods holy commaundementes. 1691 Trials Sir R. Graham, etc. 24 Mr. Cradock. My Lord, I know not how I came to be summoned upon this Jury; for I am no Freeholder. L. C. J. Holt. Then set him aside. 1779 Mirror No. 39 When a man of acknowledged honour..sees himself set aside, and obliged to give way to the worthless and contemptible. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 5 If that national force [the militia] were set aside, the gentry of England must lose much of their dignity and influence. 1861 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 2) xv. 220 To set aside the elder or Stuart branch, and to substitute..the younger. 1879 M. J. Guest Lect. Hist. Eng. xliii. 440 The English prayer-book was set aside, and the Latin mass said again. 7. To annul, quash, render void or nugatory. Chiefly Law. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > illegality > render illegal [verb (transitive)] > deprive of legal validity > deny the validity of quash?a1400 disable1548 infirm1558 overrule1611 null1656 to set aside1765 to strike down1894 1765 C. Johnstone Chrysal IV. i. xii. 78 I have it in my power to set aside the whole unnatural, nonsensical will. 1789 C. Durnford & E. H. East Rep. Cases King's Bench III. 5 A rule to shew cause..why the verdict should not be set aside and a new trial granted. 1877 C. H. Spurgeon Serm. XXIII. 61 Nor does it set aside the necessity that those men should cheerfully accept the gospel of Christ. 1883 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 11 591 A rule was subsequently obtained by Mr. Woollett to set that nonsuit aside. 8. To separate out for a particular purpose. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > separate from main body > for a purpose reservec1410 separate1526 to set apart1711 to set aside1720 seclude1771 ring-fence1870 1720 T. Gordon & J. Trenchard Independent Whig No. 4 Particular Persons who are set aside and paid for that Purpose. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. Hist. Eng. III. 91 To set aside a part of the national revenue every year. 1891 Law Times 92 130/2 To set aside a portion of his wages in order to meet Lloyd's debt. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > do away with or eradicate to do awayOE to do outOE to put awaya1382 outroot?a1425 to set awayc1430 to set apart1455 roota1500 weed1526 ridc1540 root1565 displace1580 root1582 put1584 eradicate1647 eliminate1650 eruncate1651 to knock out1883 the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] > do without or get rid of to set awayc1430 to throw off1551 to dispense with1576 to down with1581 to fling off1587 to fob offa1616 shoot1877 c1430 Art Nombryng (1922) 16 Settyng away alle that is ouer hym in respect of the doublede. 1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie 7th Serm. sig. Ddiv Knoweledge..causeth vs to forget all, and set a waye discipline. 1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. ii. sig. Ooo/2 To set (or put) away, ôter. 2. = set by at sense 91c. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > storage > store [verb (transitive)] > reserve reservea1382 keepa1400 sparea1400 savea1450 to put by1568 to put aside1569 to set byc1595 sepose1609 seposit1657 to lay aside1711 to set away1747 to lay by1786 to lay (also put) past1847 to put away1861 1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ii. 52 Strain it and set it away for Use. 3. intransitive. To set off. northern dialect. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)] > set out forthfarec888 foundOE seta1000 to go forthOE to fare forthc1200 partc1230 to pass forthc1325 to take (the) gatec1330 to take the wayc1330 to take one's waya1375 puta1382 treunt?a1400 movec1400 depart1490 prepare?1518 to set forth1530 to set forward(s)1530 busklea1535 to make out1558 to take forth1568 to set out1583 sally1590 start1591 to go off1600 to put forth1604 to start outa1626 intend1646 to take the road1720 to take one's foot in one's hand1755 to set off1774 to get off1778 to set away1817 to take out1855 to haul out1866 to hit the trail (less commonly the grit, pike, road, etc.)1873 to hit, split or take the breeze1910 hop1922 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. xiv. 316 Mattie had ill-will to see me set awa' on this ride. 1. To hinder the progress of, give a check to. Hence, with a sum of money as complement: to cost (a person so much). Also figurative, to take aback, to disconcert. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > hinder in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > hinder or delay bestayc1330 tarry1340 delaya1393 to put aback1450 to pull backa1470 retard1490 tarde1524 retary1526 to throw back1562 forslow1570 backward1594 detain1600 to set back1600 slug1605 retardate1613 tardya1616 taigle?1635 backen1649 remore1652 remorate1657 to cast back1671 to hold up1887 to knock back1945 society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > spend [verb (transitive)] > cost costc1400 to set back1900 to put back1909 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 712/2 I set backewarde, or hynder a mater that it gothe nat forwarde... I have set hym backwarde this mornynge more than he shall come forwarde these seven yeres.] 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. iii. 118 Thou hadst more need to set me backe with force of arms. 1647 T. May Hist. Parl. i. ii. 20 The endammaging and setting backe of that newly established Kingdome. a1677 I. Barrow Serm. Several Occasions (1678) 254 By so eagerly pursuing, he effectually setteth back his designs. 1695 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 216 This succeeded much wet, & set harvest extremely backwards. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VI. xix. 56 This had like to have set all back again. 1847 Spirit of Times 31 May 159/1 The captain used to boast that he could pack a gallon without its setting him back any. 1884 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Huckleberry Finn viii. 68 The nigger was set back considerable, because he reckoned it was all done with witchcraft. 1900 G. Ade Fables in Slang 131 Daughter was..seated under a Canopy that had set Father back thirty-two Dollars. 1922 S. Lewis Babbitt x. 142 How much'll it set me back? 1937 J. Steinbeck Of Mice & Men 79 ‘What's it set you back?’ George asked. ‘Two and a half [dollars].’ 1940 H. L. Ickes Secret Diary (1954) III. 183 This set him back on his heels. 1966 ‘J. Hackston’ Father clears Out 53 ‘Goin' t' leave it?’ the prince asked, a bit set back. 1974 Country Life 14 Nov. 1445/1 Even a moderately-sized piece of cheesecake sets you back 20p. 2. To put (a clock, its hands) to an earlier time. ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [verb (transitive)] > set setc1400 temper1538 roll1583 rule1595 winda1616 to wind upa1616 to set forwarda1627 to set back1635 regulate1665 to put back1704 to put forward1741 to put on1826 time1873 1635 F. Quarles Emblemes v. vii. 269 Or has some frolick heart set back the hand Of Fates perpetuall Clock? 1892 Illustr. London News 9 Jan. 45/1 They reconcile people to monarchy and set back the clock of progress. 3. intransitive. To flow in the reverse direction. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > backward movement > move backwards [verb (intransitive)] > turn back or reverse course turnc1275 to turn aboutc1330 repeata1382 to turn againc1384 to turn backc1425 re-turn1483 resore1486 to turn the backc1540 to turn round1560 to set back1803 resile1887 to break back1933 1803 S. Smith Wks. (1859) I. 24/1 Is not the tide of opinions..setting back with a strength equal to its flow? ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > casting or laying aside > [verb (transitive)] to let awaya1000 forcast?c1225 to lay downc1275 forthrow1340 flita1375 removea1382 to cast away1382 understrewc1384 castc1390 to lay awaya1400 to lay asidec1440 slingc1440 warpiss1444 to lay from, offc1480 way-put1496 depose1526 to lay apart1526 to put off1526 to set apart1530 to turn up1541 abandonate?1561 devest1566 dispatch1569 decarta1572 discard1578 to make away1580 to fling away1587 to cast off1597 doff1599 cashier1603 to set by1603 moult1604 excuss1607 retorta1616 divest1639 deposit1646 disentail1667 dismiss1675 slough1845 shed1856 jettison1869 shake1872 offload1900 junk1911 dump1919 sluff1934 bin1940 to put down1944 shitcan1973 the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > annul, cancel, revoke [verb (transitive)] > set aside to strike off1597 to set by1603 open1792 1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 236 Set it by [1623 Set by a-while], I'le haue another bowt first. 1631 B. Jonson Staple of Newes iii. ii. 194 in Wks. II To be separated, and set by For Vshers, to old Countesses. a1642 J. Suckling Goblins i, in Wks. (1874) II. 16 Set him by, till he's sober. 1654 E. Wolley tr. ‘G. de Scudéry’ Curia Politiæ 12 You have forced him not onely to set by his Mil[i]tia, and to depose his Crown. 2. To lay up or lay by for future use. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > storage > store [verb (transitive)] > reserve reservea1382 keepa1400 sparea1400 savea1450 to put by1568 to put aside1569 to set byc1595 sepose1609 seposit1657 to lay aside1711 to set away1747 to lay by1786 to lay (also put) past1847 to put away1861 c1595 T. Maynarde Sir Francis Drake his Voy. (1849) 8 To trimme his shippes..set by some new pinnaces. 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 100/2 The Pantry for setting by what is left after meals. 1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor xii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. II. 307 Let the house be redd up, the broken meat set bye. 1851 S. Warner Wide Wide World II. xxxvii. 103 After that many a basket of apples..was set by for her. a. To reject, dismiss; to disregard, scorn. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > ignoring, disregard > ignore, disregard [verb (transitive)] > dismiss from consideration to put out of ——a1250 to lay awaya1400 to set asidec1407 to lay by1439 to lay asidec1440 to let (something) walkc1450 to set apart?1473 reject1490 seclude?1531 to let go1535 to put offc1540 to set by1592 sepose1593 to think away1620 to look over ——a1640 prescind1650 seposit1657 decognize1659 inconsider1697 to set over1701 shelf1819 sink1820 shelve1847 eliminate1848 to count out1854 discounta1856 defenestrate1917 neg1987 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes in Wks. (1910) I. 294 No more set by, but set by, thrust aside. 1636 T. Heywood Challenge i, in Wks. (1874) V. 9 Birth wee set by. 1660 T. Fuller Mixt Contempl. ii. xiv. 23 Being now set by, layd aside as uselesse, and not sett by. 1704 J. Norris Ess. Ideal World II. i. 36 To set by this conclusion for a while. 1758 S. Hayward Seventeen Serm. xvi. 481 'Tis indisputable... Devils cannot set it by, and the judge will not. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being exclusive > [noun] > exclusion from a category, etc. > non-inclusion or omission overleapOE omissiona1440 overskippingc1450 setting bya1592 omittancea1616 elision1812 Passover1822 a1592 R. Greene Comicall Hist. Alphonsus (1599) i. sig. A3v Setting by Alphonsus power diuine, What man aliue..Could counteruail his courage. 1657 P. Heylyn Vndeceiving of People 7 Setting by all children which live under their parents [etc.]..the number of the residue will be found so small. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > unaccustomedness or state of disuse > give up a habit or practice [verb (transitive)] leaveeOE forsakec1175 waive1340 twinc1386 refuse1389 to set aside1426 relinquish1454 abuse1471 renouncec1480 disaccustom1483 to break from1530 to lay aside1530 disprofess1590 dropa1616 to set bya1674 decline1679 unpractise?1680 slough1845 shake1872 sluff1934 kick1936 a1674 Earl of Clarendon Brief View Leviathan (1676) 282 To set by disputing with him, as one that is to be convinced only by himself. (Cf. to set adown at Phrasal verbs 2) 1. See simple trans. senses and down adv. a. To cause to sit down. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of sitting > sit on [verb (transitive)] > seat or cause to sit setc888 settleOE sitc1300 to set downa1470 siegea1500 seat1623 plotz1969 a1470 W. Gregory Chron. in Hist. Coll. Citizen London (Camden) 222 The Erle of Worseter was take before the mayre and sette downe in the myddys of the hy tabylle. 1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. ccxxvii. 295 b The duke of Orlyaunce set euery man downe. 1835 N. P. Willis Pencillings III. 135 We were set down..at nine, to cold grouse, salmon [etc.]. 1861 S. Brooks Silver Cord (1865) v. 27 The little girl having..been..set down, in a half-darkened apartment, to amuse herself with the pictures in Fox's Book of Martyrs. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military organization > logistics > quartering > quarter (troops) [verb (transitive)] > encamp lodge?c1225 encamp1569 to set downa1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) v. iii. 2 We will before the walls of Rome to morrow Set downe our Hoast. View more context for this quotation 1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 34 Because he did not..spend so many bookes..as Antimachus did, before he sate downe the seuen Princes at Thebes. c. To place, situate, locate. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > situate setc950 markc1400 situate?a1425 site?c1425 plant1558 seat1603 emplacea1627 position1817 to set down1827 spot1891 1827 Edinb. Weekly Jrnl. 28 Feb. in W. Scott Chron. Canongate Introd. App. Wherever the belligerent powers might be pleased to set down this new theatre. 1882 W. Morris in J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris (1899) II. 67 Lewes is set down better than any town I have seen in England. a1887 R. Jefferies Field & Hedgerow (1889) 316 He was the exact counterpart of the London Jew dealer, set down in the midst of the country. d. Falconry. (See quots.) ΚΠ 1614 S. Latham Falconry i. xi. 40 You doe at her first setting downe, giue her as much as she list to take into her gorge. 1891 J. E. Harting Bibliotheca Accipitraria 229 Set down to moult, put into the mew. 2. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > removal from office or authority > remove from office or authority [verb (transitive)] outOE deposec1300 remuec1325 to put out1344 to set downc1369 deprivec1374 outputa1382 removea1382 to throw outa1382 to put downc1384 privea1387 to set adowna1387 to put out of ——?a1400 amovec1425 disappoint1434 unmakec1475 dismiss1477 dispoint1483 voidc1503 to set or put beside (or besides) the cushion1546 relieve1549 cass1550 displace1553 unauthorize1554 to wring out1560 seclude1572 eject1576 dispost1577 decass1579 overboard1585 cast1587 sequester1587 to put to grass1589 cashier1592 discompose1599 abdicate1610 unseat1611 dismount1612 disoffice1627 to take off1642 unchair1645 destitute1653 lift1659 resign1674 quietus1688 superannuate1692 derange1796 shelve1812 shelf1819 Stellenbosch1900 defenestrate1917 axe1922 retire1961 c1369 G. Chaucer Bk. Duchesse 635 That is broght up she set al doun. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 261 In þat counsaille were y-sett doun meny bisshops and abbotes. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 179 He was i-sette doun of the fourþe pope Innocentius. a1578 R. Lindsay Hist. & Cron. Scotl. (1899) II. 141 Quhat was best to be done aganis..thair new reliegieoun and to sie quhat way thay might sett done the samin. b. To lower (a person's pride, etc.); to take down, snub. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > humiliation > humiliate [verb (transitive)] anitherOE fellOE lowc1175 to lay lowc1225 to set adownc1275 snuba1340 meekc1350 depose1377 aneantizea1382 to bring lowa1387 declinea1400 meekenc1400 to pull downc1425 avalec1430 to-gradea1440 to put downc1440 humble1484 alow1494 deject?1521 depress1526 plucka1529 to cut (rarely to cast down) the comb of?1533 to bring down1535 to bring basec1540 adbass1548 diminish1560 afflict1561 to take down1562 to throw down1567 debase1569 embase1571 diminute1575 to put (also thrust) a person's nose out of jointc1576 exinanite1577 to take (a person) a peg lower1589 to take (a person) down a peg (or two)1589 disbasea1592 to take (a person) down a buttonhole (or two)1592 comb-cut1593 unpuff1598 atterr1605 dismount1608 annihilate1610 crest-fall1611 demit1611 pulla1616 avilea1617 to put a scorn on, upon1633 mortify1639 dimit1658 to put a person's pipe out1720 to let down1747 to set down1753 humiliate1757 to draw (a person's) eyeteeth1789 start1821 squabash1822 to wipe a person's eye1823 to crop the feathers of1827 embarrass1839 to knock (also take, etc.) (a person) off his or her perch1864 to sit upon ——1864 squelch1864 to cut out of all feather1865 to sit on ——1868 to turn down1870 to score off1882 to do (a person) in the eye1891 puncture1908 to put (a person) in (also into) his, her place1908 to cut down to size1927 flatten1932 to slap (a person) down1938 punk1963 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. iv. 37 Sir Harry own'd himself to blame; and thus the Lady's pride was set down softly. 1846 D. Jerrold Mrs. Caudle xxxi. 121 Like her impudence!—I set her down for the rest of the evening. 1889 A. V. Carr Margaret Maliphant I. i. 11 I was such a headstrong girl that it took a deal to set me down. 3. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > tuning or intonation > tune [verb (transitive)] > tune strings wresta1000 straina1387 string1530 to set down1565 wrench1577 to wind up1608 wind1612 to screw up1625 to set up1643 screw1657 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Chelys Intendere chelyn, to wreste vp the stringes of the lute. Laxare chelyn, to sette downe. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) ii. i. 201 O, you are well tun'd now, But I'le set downe the pegs, that make this musique. View more context for this quotation b. To beat down to a shape. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > forge or shape > in specific way batterc1380 beat1483 peena1522 hammer1522 malleate1598 extenuate1599 upset1678 planish1688 to set down1703 foliate1704 raise1774 skelp1803 tilt1825 jump1851 cold-hammer1858 stub1869 upend1932 ding1939 coin1940 1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 193 So much of the Sheet as lies over the Cavity is set down into it with the Seaming-mallet. 1843 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. I. 213 When the iron is to be set down..it is first nicked with a round fuller. 4. a. To place so as to rest upon a surface; to put down, as upon the ground. Also absol. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)] > put or lay down allayOE seta1000 to lay downc1275 to put downa1382 to set downa1400 deposec1420 to sit down1600 depositate1618 deposit1749 ground1751 plank1859 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 12958 On an heȝe pinacle he set him doun Of þe temple. ?1560 H. Rhodes Bk. Nurture (new ed.) sig. A.iiv In some places the keruer doth vse to shew and set down,..& in some place, he beareth the first dish, and..setteth it downe couered before the degre of a knyght. 1573 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 4 He hath set down his staf. 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cxliii. sig. I2v As a..huswife..Sets downe her babe. 1796 M. Robinson Angelina III. 180 Sir Edward sat down the candlestick. 1825 W. Scott Betrothed x, in Tales Crusaders I. 185 The body was here set down before the door of the chapel. 1878 F. A. Kemble Rec. Girlhood II. i. 28 If you attempt to lift or carry me down the stage, I will kick and scream till you set me down. b. To cause or allow to alight from a vehicle; to ‘drop’ (a person at a place). Also absol.Said of the person or persons in charge of or occupying the vehicle, or of the vehicle itself. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport or convey in a vehicle [verb (transitive)] > set down to set down1669 to put down1795 to leave off1848 land1853 to put off1867 drop1961 1669 S. Pepys Diary 18 Mar. (1976) IX. 487 My wife and I going by coach, she went with us to Holburne, where we set her down. 1694 W. Congreve Double-dealer v. i. 78 My Coach shall set you down. 1715 J. Gay Let. to Pope 8 July I have just set down Sir Samuel Garth at the Opera. 1782 F. Burney Cecilia IV. viii. i. 155 I knew the postilion very well... And then he told me where he had set you down. 1841 W. M. Thackeray Great Hoggarty Diamond ii A number of carriages full of ladies were drawing up and setting down. 1844 Act 7 & 8 Victoria c. 85 §6 Such Train shall..take up and set down Passengers at every Passenger Station. 1889 ‘Mrs. Alexander’ Crooked Path I. iv. 110 The carriage is to come back for us after setting you down at the theatre. 5. a. To put down in writing or in print; to put on paper; to enter in a catalogue or account; to write out, compose; to put on record; to record, relate, give an account of. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > written record > record in writing [verb (transitive)] writeeOE awriteeOE markOE titlea1325 record1340 registera1393 accordc1450 chronicle1460 to write upa1475 calendar1487 enrol1530 prickc1540 scripture1540 to set down1562 report1600 reservea1616 tabulatea1646 to take down1651 actuate1658 to commit to writing (also paper)1695 to mark down1881 slate1883 society > communication > writing > [verb (transitive)] > set down in writing adighteOE to set on writea900 dightc1000 writeOE brevea1225 layc1330 indite1340 take1418 annote1449 printa1450 scribe1465 redact?a1475 reduce1485 letter1504 recite1523 to commit to writing (also paper)1529 pen1530 reduce?1533 token up1535 scripture1540 titulea1550 to set down1562 quote1573 to put down1574 paper1594 to write down1594 apprehend1611 fix1630 exarate1656 depose1668 put1910 1562 H. Baker Well Sprynge Sci. f. 7v I set downe 4. for the fourth figure (vnder ye line). 1576 G. Gascoigne Droomme of Doomes Day ii. E viij [In the Scriptures] there are set down two..entyer parts of rightuousnesse. 1579 S. Gosson Schoole of Abuse Ep. Ded. sig. ☞4 The harshest penne maye sett downe somewhat woorth the reading. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream i. ii. 18 You, Nick Bottom are set downe for Pyramus. View more context for this quotation 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. H1 After the Creation was finished, it is sette downe vnto vs, that man was placed in the Garden to worke therein. View more context for this quotation 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 288 And here I am willing to set down their names. 1615 R. Cocks Diary (1883) I. 70 I forgot to set downe how I receaved a letter from Martin de Guinia. 1665 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim xi. 59 You will expect..that I should set down at large the particulars of every dayes conference. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant ii. ii. 182 A great many good Ports that are not set down in the Maps. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 266. ⁋2 Her Women..are alphabetically set down in her Book. 1779 J. Moore View Society & Manners France (1789) I. ix. 62 I set down the whole scene as soon as F—— left me. 1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. iii. 49 My youngest boy..bethought himself of setting down a few ‘School-miseries’. 1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters xvi. 393 I have always regretted that Hazlitt set down that passage. 1886 W. Besant Children of Gibeon II. ii. v. 36 It would not be fair to set down in cold blood the things he habitually said. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > appeal for judgement [phrase] > conclude to set down the or one's period1590 1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 8 They set downe the period with a deepe sigh. 1590 R. Greene Mourning Garment 17 At last she set downe her period on the face of Alexis, thinking he was the fairest. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > pricing > attach a price to [verb (transitive)] > set or fix price (of) loveOE prizea1325 setc1420 make1423 cheapa1464 price1471 ratify1511 to set up?1529 apprize1533 rate1599 to set down1599 pitch1624 tax1846 to charge1889 sale-price1959 1599 George a Greene sig. G1v George a Greene, set downe the king of Scots His ransome. 1621 R. Cocks Diary (1883) II. 141 It being the price sett downe. 1654 J. Bramhall Just Vindic. Church of Eng. iv. 85 Prescribed the indowments of Vicars, set down the wages of Priests. d. To put down, as in a schedule or table, to be performed at a certain time; †to appoint a time for the performance of (something). ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > [verb (transitive)] > time, appoint, or set a time for seta1056 givec1320 timea1393 attermine1413 day1594 settle1596 to set down1597 momenta1661 order1669 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iii. iv. 42 We haue not yet set downe this day of triumph. View more context for this quotation 1608 W. Shakespeare Richard II iv. i. 309 On Wednesday next we solemnely set downe [1597 proclaime] Our Coronation. 1795 C. Abbot Jurisdict. & Pract. Court Great Sessions Wales 120 The plaintiff must..set down his cause to be heard. 1819 W. P. Taunton Rep. Cases Comm. Pleas VII. 85 Cases out of Chancery..cannot be set down nor heard, unless they are signed by a Serjeant. 1889 W. M. Acworth Railways of Eng. 203 The Great Western express..was set down to leave Didcot..3 minutes earlier. 1893 Weekly Notes 28 68/1 After the cause had been set down for trial. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > ordain, prescribe, or appoint asetc885 teachc897 deemc900 ashapea1000 i-demeOE setc1000 shiftc1000 stevenOE redeOE willOE lookc1175 showc1175 stablea1300 devise1303 terminea1325 shapec1330 stightlea1375 determinec1384 judgea1387 sign1389 assize1393 statute1397 commanda1400 decree1399 yarka1400 writec1405 decreetc1425 rule1447 stallc1460 constitute1481 assignc1485 institute1485 prescribec1487 constitue1489 destinate1490 to lay down1493 make?a1513 call1523 plant1529 allot1532 stint1533 determ1535 appointa1538 destinec1540 prescrive1552 lot1560 fore-appoint1561 nominate1564 to set down1576 refer1590 sort1592 doom1594 fit1600 dictate1606 determinate1636 inordera1641 state1647 fix1660 direct1816 1576 A. Fleming tr. C. Plinius Novocomensis in Panoplie Epist. 257 Whiles I set doune directions and precepts. 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 85v Shee endeauoureth to sette downe good lawes. 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 28 Therfore set it downe; That an Habit of Secrecy, is both Politick, and Morall. 1641 J. Milton Of Reformation 47 If..the Constitution of the Church be already set down by divine prescript. 1688 Lett. conc. Pres. St. Italy 30 All of that Cabale had set down this for a Rule. a. To determine or resolve upon. Also set down one's rest (see rest n.3 Phrases 3a). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > resolve or decide upon [verb (transitive)] to take (in early use (i-)nim) to redeeOE redeOE to take (in early use (i-)nim) redeOE to bring to stallc1275 rewardc1380 perfix1415 determ1423 concludec1430 prefix?1523 resolve1523 affix1524 devise1548 pitch?1567 purpose1574 to resolve with oneself1578 to set down1582 settle1596 determinea1616 decision1877 predetermine1884 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias xxx. 73 b Of the meeting of the King..and the Captaine generall, at which time there was set downe a Trade and Factorie. a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) i. iv. 162 Wee will haue these things set downe by lawfull Counsell. View more context for this quotation 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 87 [He] must..set it downe with his owne heart to undergoe resolutely all the difficulties that [etc.]. b. passive and intransitive. To be resolved, resolve. Obsolete exc. northern dialect const. infinitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > resolution or determination > be resolute or determined [verb (intransitive)] confirm1382 needsa1387 beseta1400 purposea1400 to be determined1529 to set downa1586 to set (up) one's rest1593 to stop at nothing1676 to keep one's pecker up1845 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. v. sig. D4 One, that to praise well, one must first set downe with himselfe, what it is to be excellent. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 295 A man set downe to mischiefe. 1684 N. Lee Constantine iii. ii. 36 If you set down t'enjoy me, Sir. 8. a. To estimate, reckon; †in early use with object and complement, or with clause; now only, to regard (a person) as, take (him) for, consider (him) to be (so-and-so). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] > consider to be, account as telleOE talec897 seeOE letc1000 holdc1200 reckon1340 aima1382 accounta1387 counta1387 judgec1390 takea1400 countc1400 receivec1400 existimatec1430 to look on ——?c1430 makec1440 reputea1449 suppose1474 treatc1485 determinea1513 recount?c1525 esteem1526 believe1533 estimate?1533 ascribe1535 consider1539 regard1547 count1553 to look upon ——1553 take1561 reck1567 eye?1593 censure1597 subscribe1600 perhibit1613 behold1642 resent1642 attributea1657 fancy1662 vogue1675 decount1762 to put down1788 to set down1798 rate1854 have1867 mean1878 1798 Geraldina I. 183 I never see a library of books with highly gilt bindings, but I set down that the owner seldom opens them. 1799 H. Lee Canterbury Tales (ed. 2) I. 198 The playful unconscious character she had first been set down. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas I. i. xii. 107 The corregidor..set me down for the culprit. 1815 Zeluca III. 9 He sat himself down as invulnerable. 1828 W. Scott Aunt Margaret's Mirror ii You had best set him down a Jesuit. 1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge xlviii. 214 Those who cling to the truth and support the right cause, are set down as mad. 1872 J. Hartley Yorks. Ditties 2nd Ser. 118 They used to be sat daan to be young ens 'at hadn't le'nt wit. 1889 F. Barrett Under Strange Mask I. iv. 68 He would set her down at once for an impertinent..busy-body. b. To attribute, or put down to. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > attribution or assignment of cause > assign to a cause [verb (transitive)] titleOE aretc1340 witena1375 witnea1375 reta1382 depute1382 wite1382 seta1387 layc1425 expoundc1430 imputec1480 attribue1481 assign1489 reckon1526 attribute1530 count1535 allot?1556 draw1578 object1613 prefer1628 entitle1629 implya1641 to score (something) on1645 intitule1651 put1722 to put down1723 charge1737 own1740 place1802 to set down1822 affiliate1823 1822 C. Lamb in London Mag. Nov. 454/2 He could not set it down to caprice. 1877 C. M. Yonge Cameos cxxxiii, in Monthly Packet Feb. 132 This, as usual, was set down to malice prepense on his side. 9. Now dialect. a. reflexive. To seat oneself. (Cf. 3) †Also, to go down on one's knees: cf. sense 2. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of sitting > sit down [verb (reflexive)] siteOE seta1300 to sit downa1393 to set downa1400 seat1589 swapa1592 bench1608 pitch1844 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 14092 For-wit his fete sco sett hir dun. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur i. xix. 65 He sette hym doune by a fontayne. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John vi. f. 1–4 Iesus, beyng sumwhat separate from the people, setteth hym down on the hyll. 1694 Acct. Several Late Voy. (1711) i. 64 They set themselves down on the Grass. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 15 We..set us down to fish. b. passive. To be seated. (Cf. 4.) Also transferred to be settled in a place. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (passive)] stay1558 settlea1648 seata1684 to set down1741 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 13495 All right þar war þai sett dun. 1567 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure II. iv. f. 13 The King and Ariobarzanes being set down at a table. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 229 When I was set downe to my meat. 1741 Countess of Hartford in Countess of Hartford & Countess of Pomfret Corr. (1805) III. 189 When I am set peacefully down at my farm I shall often read over your letters. 1776 S. J. Pratt Pupil of Pleasure II. 74 I was just set down to the card-table at the Delmores. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. xvi. 258 When all should be gone to bed, or set down to cards, which is the same thing. c. intransitive. To sit down. (Cf. 5.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of sitting > be sitting or seated [verb (intransitive)] > sit down sitOE to sit adownc1275 to sit downc1300 to make one's seata1400 to set adowna1400 to set downc1400 seat1596 pitch1796 roost1816 take a pew1898 c1400 Rule St. Benet (Verse) 1741 Þai sal set down And mak a schort colaciown. 1442 Aberdeen Reg. (1844) I. 7 That..[he] sal cum..and set downe on his kneis. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 713/1 I set downe, I rest me on a seate, je massis. 1636 P. Heylyn Hist. Sabbath i. 124 That we should..set down with modesty,..to heare the Law. 1685 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 473 All the Gent:..in his traine setting downe at Table with him. 1720 Humourist 212 Till he set down to Dinner. 1794 A. M. Bennett Ellen I. 28 He had just..set down to his coffee. 1809 S. Smith Serm. l. 43 He is ever ready..to say a grace to God, before he sets down to feast with Mammon. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > calmness > patience > endure patiently [verb (transitive)] > bear with or tolerate forbearc897 tholec950 bearOE abidec1300 bidea1325 takec1330 suffer1340 wielda1375 to have patience with (also in, toward)c1384 supportc1384 to sit with ——c1400 sustainc1400 thulgec1400 acceptc1405 to away with1528 brook1530 well away1533 to bear with —1538 digest1553 to comport with1565 stand1567 purse?1571 to put up1573 well away1579 comport1588 fadge1592 abrook1594 to come away1594 to take up with1609 swallow1611 embracea1616 to pack up1624 concocta1627 to set down bya1630 to take with ——1632 tolerate1646 brook1658 stomach1677 pouch1819 a1630 F. Moryson in Shakespeare's Europe (1903) i. i. 64 The Venetians..having a very rich Shipp robbed by Turkish Pyratts.., were forced to sett downe by the losse. 10. reflexive. To begin to devote oneself to. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin an action [verb (reflexive)] > resolutely or vigorously settle1530 buckle1570 to set down1864 1864 J. H. Newman Apologia 243 I set myself down to my translation of St. Athanasius. 1891 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 150 173/1 In his green old age, he set himself down to write this great dictionary. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting temporarily > camping or encamping > camp or encamp [verb (intransitive)] wickc897 lodge13.. telda1325 pitch1535 camp1611 to set downa1616 decamp1698 encamp1725 to camp out1748 outspan1801 tent1856 laager1879 tarpaulin1891 society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > lay siege [verb (intransitive)] to lay ensiege?a1500 to plant a siegea1500 to sit down1593 inleaguer1603 to set downa1616 to lie down1693 sit1802 a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. xiii. 171 Cæsar sets downe in Alexandria. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. i. 117 Man setting downe before you, will vndermine you, and blow you vp. View more context for this quotation 1621 M. Wroth Countesse of Mountgomeries Urania 130 Then did the braue Generall set down before Thessalonica. 1631 P. Heylyn Hist. St. George 248 Nothing to stop our march, till we set downe With all our troopes, before the Holy Towne. 12. intransitive. To have a direction downwards. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > specific directions > have specific directions [verb (intransitive)] > have downward direction to come down1443 propend1545 to set down1747 1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. S2b If a fair leading sets down under the second Sett, it may in all probability lead down to a third, and so on. See simple senses and forth adv. a. To thrust forth. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of stretching body > stretch oneself or be stretched [verb (intransitive)] > specific part of body > in some direction, purposefully to set fortha1225 the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate > urge on or incite tar ona900 wheta1000 eggc1200 spura1225 aprick1297 ertc1325 sharpa1340 abaita1470 sharpen1483 to set (a person) forth1488 to set forth1553 egg1566 hound1571 shove?1571 edge1575 strain1581 spur1582 spurn1583 hag1587 edge1600 hist1604 switch1648 string1881 haik1892 goose1934 a1225 Leg. Kath. 827 Ah nu we beoð of se feor for þe iflut hidere, þu schalt setten sikel forð. 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 118 Some settes forth their lippes two ynches good beyonde their teeth. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > forward movement > move or cause to move forward or advance [verb (transitive)] > send forward to set forth1525 to set forward1556 to set ona1616 to send on1877 1525 Lee in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. II. 75 To sett forthe the standard against thies Philistees. 1548 H. Latimer Notable Serm. sig. A.iiv I haue assaied to sette furth my plough, to proue what I coulde do. 1590 H. Barwick Breefe Disc. Weapons 7 My commaunder commaunds me to set foorth of my band of 200, one hundred, to keepe a straight or passage. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > arrange [verb (transitive)] stightc825 fadec1020 orderc1225 adightc1275 dightc1275 castc1320 raila1350 form1362 stightlea1375 rayc1380 informa1382 disposea1387 throwc1390 addressa1393 shifta1400 rengea1425 to set forth?c1450 rule1488 rummage1544 marshalc1547 place1548 suit1552 dispone1558 plat1587 enrange1590 draw1663 range1711 arrange1791 to lay out1848 ?c1450 in G. J. Aungier Hist. & Antiq. Syon Monastery (1840) 373 The butler schal sett forthe the pottys..up on eche table. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 295 We'l set forth In best appointment all our Regiments. View more context for this quotation 1653 T. Barker Art of Angling 1 A man that goeth to the River..must understand..to set forth his Tackles. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 429 There the Eagle and the Stork..set forth Thir Aierie Caravan high over Sea's Flying. View more context for this quotation a. To send out (soldiers, etc.) for service; hence, to equip, fit out (men, a fleet, a voyage). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > [verb (transitive)] > send on operation to set forth1451 to throw out1800 society > armed hostility > military equipment > arming or equipping with weapons > arm or equip [verb (transitive)] weaponc1000 aturnc1220 armc1275 atil1297 attire1297 enarmc1320 apparelc1325 tirec1330 garnish?a1400 stuff?a1400 gearc1400 relieve1487 to set forthc1515 to arm out1533 munition1579 1451 [implied in: Rolls of Parl. V. 225/1 Noon owner, Vitailler, nor setter-forth of eny Shippe or Vessell. (at setter-forth n.)]. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxi. 213 They sette forth a galay & .xxx. paynyms therin. 1584 [see α. forms]. 1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1891) 41 They are forced to sett furthe manye to theire owne dislike, althoughe the best that cold be founde. 1630 R. Norton tr. W. Camden Hist. Princesse Elizabeth i. 68 He intended to set forth a voyage into West India. 1631 B. Jonson Staple of Newes ii. v. 42 in Wks. II Setting forth some Lady, Will cost as much as furnishing a Fleete. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1667 (1955) III. 489 The charge of setting forth a Fleete. 1702 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 507 Every Missioner should besides the 20 pounds to set the person forth, should have..50 pounds per Annum. 1805 Act 45 Geo. III c. 72 §7 If such Ship or Vessel so retaken shall appear to have been, after the taking by His Majesty's Enemies, by them set forth as a Ship or Vessel of War. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > supply (needs or wants) furnish1496 supporta1500 beeta1522 sustain1539 nourish1568 to set forthc1610 sustenate1712 c1610–15 tr. St. Gregory of Nyssa Life St. Macrina in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 207 Haue you nothing..lying in store, wherewith her exequies may be sett forth? ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > [verb (transitive)] > furnish (amusement) to set forth1526 society > leisure > social event > hospitality > show hospitality to [verb (transitive)] gestena1300 lodgec1325 cherishc1330 guestc1330 to give cheera1393 harbry14.. callc1430 uptakea1470 recueil1477 host1485 entertain1490 to set forth1526 harbour1534 retainc1540 treata1578 water1742 sport1826 have1868 hospitize1895 1526 Bible (Tyndale) John ii. f. cxxj All men att the begynnynge, sett forth goode wyne. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 330 Certain Priests, whose office it was to set forth publike playes and games in honor of their Gods. 1693 W. Congreve tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires xi. 219 When Poor Rutilus spends all his worth, In hopes of setting one good Dinner forth. a. To provide, allot, or set apart for a purpose. ΚΠ 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 358 Jn this ordour..ar mony sett furth to hald sitiȝenis in peice and in thair office. 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 47 When as my Church shall have endured that full proportion of affliction, which I have set forth for it. 1684 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 318 The wast ground..formerly set forth for that purpose. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > fixed proportion dues or taxes > [verb (transitive)] > put aside as tithe to set forth1548 to set out1548 1548 Act 2 & 3 Edw. VI c. 13 §2 Yf any person carrye awaye his corne or haye or his other prediall tythes before the tythe thereof be sett forthe. 1654 W. Sheppard Parsons Guide vi. 17 For Predial Tithes, the tenth part of the profits are to be set forth and divided from the nine parts. c. To lay out (money); = to lay forth 3 at lay v.1 Phrasal verbs; = to put forth at put v. Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > spend [verb (transitive)] aspendc885 doOE spendc1175 spenec1175 dispendc1330 bewarec1374 bestow1377 suckc1380 unpursea1393 warea1417 stowc1440 to lay outc1449 spone1456 expend1477 expend1484 impendc1486 ware?a1513 deburse?1529 disburse1530 defray1543 unburse1570 outlay1573 to lay forth1584 sweat1592 vent1612 dispursea1616 exhaust1616 to set forth1622 waste1639 depursea1648 fence1699 douse1759 shut1797 shift1923 1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII 208 This [sum of money] to bee set forth in Lands, of the best and most certaine Reuenue. 4. To promulgate, publish, issue (a regulation, proclamation, etc.). ΘΚΠ society > law > legislation > make (laws) or establish as law [verb (transitive)] > promulgate publisha1325 promulge1488 provulge1506 promulgate1530 provulgate1535 to set forth1567 emit1672 exhibit1693 society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publish or spread abroad [verb (transitive)] sowc888 blowc1275 dispeple1297 to do abroadc1300 fame1303 publyc1350 defamea1382 publisha1382 open?1387 proclaima1393 slandera1400 spreada1400 abroachc1400 throwc1400 to give outa1425 promote?a1425 noisec1425 publicc1430 noisec1440 divulgea1464 to put outc1475 skail1487 to come out witha1500 bruit1525 bruita1529 to bear out1530 divulgate1530 promulgate1530 propale?1530 ventilate1530 provulgate1535 sparple1536 sparse1536 promulge1539 disperse1548 publicate1548 forthtell1549 hurly-burly?1550 propagate1554 to set abroada1555 utter1561 to set forth1567 blaze1570 evulgate1570 scatter1576 rear?1577 to carry about1585 pervulgate1586 celebrate?1596 propalate1598 vent1602 evulge1611 to give forth1611 impublic1628 ventilate1637 disseminate1643 expose1644 emit1650 to put about1664 to send abroad1681 to get abroad1688 to take out1697 advertise1710 forward1713 to set abouta1715 circulate1780 broadcast1829 vent1832 vulgate1851 debit1879 float1883 1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) Ep. Ded. sig. Aii Many good..lawes and actes made and set forthe in this..realme. 1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. C8v If the prince than doe set foorth a lawe contrarie to the lawe of God. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1651 (1955) III. 45 Our Religion, that had neither appointed, nor set forth, any Houres of Prayer, or Breviaries. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 17. ⁋2 The Rules of the Club, as set forth, in a Table, intituled, The Act of Deformity. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. iii. iii. 113 Lafayette,..took upon him to set forth more than one deprecatory oration. 1869 C. M. Yonge Cameos xcii, in Monthly Packet Jan. 32 A proclamation was set forth placing a price..on his head. 5. To publish (a literary work). ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > publishing > publish [verb (transitive)] to put forth1482 to put out1529 to set forth1535 promulge1539 to set abroada1555 present1559 to set out1559 utter1561 divulge1566 publish1573 print?1594 emit1650 edition1715 edit1727 to give to the world1757 to get out1786 to send forth1849 to bring out1878 run1879 release1896 pub1932 1535 M. Coverdale I toke the more upon me to set forth this speciall translacyon. 1616 Greenes Mourning Garment Concl. sig. K3v I haue..set forth many Pamphlets full of much loue and little Scholarisme. 1628 S. Ward in Ussher's Lett. 394 Dr. Jackson hath lately set forth a Book of the Attributes of God. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 469 Father Kircher, who was then setting forth his greate work Obeliscus Pamphilius. 1779 Mirror No. 21 (1787) I. 154 The latter has set forth his in print. 6. a. To express in words, give an account of, present a statement of, esp. in order, distinctly, or in detail; to declare, expound, relate, narrate, state, describe; †to describe the features or characters of. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > narration > narrate, relate, or tell [verb (transitive)] singc900 reckonOE readOE tellOE showc1175 betellc1275 i-tellec1275 rehearsec1300 record1340 accounta1387 to chase forthc1386 retretec1400 reporta1402 count?a1425 recite1448 touch?a1450 repeat1451 deliverc1454 explikec1454 renderc1460 recount1477 to show forth1498 relate1530 to set forth1530 rechec1540 reaccount1561 recitate1568 history1600 recant1603 to run througha1616 enarrate1750 narrate1754 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 713/1 Now have I shewed you in a generaltie the contentes of the chapiter, but to set forthe the partyculers requyreth a further layser. 1548 H. Latimer Notable Serm. sig. D.vi One that wyll set forth papistrie as well as hym self wyl do. 1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Svpper of the Lorde f. cxxviiv That thei maie..set furthe thy true and liuely worde. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xi. 20 They set forth the dolefull falles of infortunate & afflicted Princes. 1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. P3, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) As if in setting forth our most gracious Soueraign we should say: That Goddes like adorned with high aspects,..Shee issued forth. a1660 N. Rogers (title) The Rich Fool, set forth in an exposition on that parable. Luke 12, 16–22. 1688 Lett. conc. Pres. St. Italy 31 A Sect of men that were set forth as Monsters. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables lxxx. 78 In These Three Fables, is set forth the Vanity of Unnatural Wishes, and Foolish Prayers. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 54. ⁋3 A Treatise, wherein I shall set forth the Rise and Progress of this famous Sect. 1746 J. Hervey Medit. (1818) 151 Even fancy has her merit when she sets forth in such pleasing imagery, the crucified Jesus. 1780 W. Coxe Acct. Russ. Discov. 254 The instructions given to the Captain set forth that a private ship had in 1762 found there a commodious haven. 1801 Farmer's Mag. Jan. 80 An advertisement..inserted in some of the public papers, setting forth the miseries of the poor. 1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. i. 34 Hereward, whose history this tale sets forth. 1872 C. E. Maurice Life S. Langton i. 21 One after another he set forth the hideous corruptions which were growing up. 1893 National Observer 14 Jan. 201/1 He invites the fault-finders to set forth their grievances. b. To represent in art. ? Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > represent in art [verb (transitive)] workOE shapea1375 express1382 marka1393 resemblea1393 portraya1398 devisea1400 makea1400 represent?a1425 counterfeitc1440 to set on write1486 porturea1500 emporturea1529 story1532 portrait1548 show1565 decipher1567 portraiture1581 to set forth1585 emblazea1592 stell1598 defigure1599 infigure1606 effigiate1608 deportract1611 deportray1611 rendera1616 image1624 configure1630 exiconize1641 effigies1652 to take off1680 mimic1770 paraphrase1961 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. viii. 8 b I haue thought good..too sette foorth vnto you, a woman as shee goeth in the streete. 1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura iv. 38 But to proceed, Albert [Durer] being very young set forth our Lady, some designes of Horses after the life, [etc.]. 7. To adorn, decorate. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > ornament dightc1200 begoa1225 fay?c1225 rustc1275 duba1300 shrouda1300 adorna1325 flourishc1325 apparel1366 depaintc1374 dressa1375 raila1375 anorna1382 orna1382 honourc1390 paintc1390 pare1393 garnisha1400 mensk?a1400 apykec1400 hightlec1400 overfretc1440 exornc1450 embroider1460 repair1484 empare1490 ornate1490 bedo?a1500 purfle?a1500 glorify?1504 betrap1509 broider1509 deck?1521 likelya1522 to set forth1530 exornate1539 grace1548 adornate1550 fardc1550 gaud1554 pink1558 bedeck1559 tight1572 begaud1579 embellish1579 bepounce1582 parela1586 flower1587 ornify1590 illustrate1592 tinsel1594 formalize1595 adore1596 suborn1596 trapper1597 condecorate1599 diamondize1600 furnish1600 enrich1601 mense1602 prank1605 overgreen1609 crown1611 enjewel1611 broocha1616 varnish1641 ornament1650 array1652 bedub1657 bespangle1675 irradiate1717 gem1747 begem1749 redeck1771 blazon1813 aggrace1825 diamond1839 panoply1851 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 713/1 This blacke velvet gowne setteth fort this lady verye well. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xviii. 51 b [The gate] is..well set forth, with letters of gold, and leaues of diuers colours. 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 469 The Assyrians..Which were rich and proudly set forth. 1889 ‘G. Herring’ & ‘M. Ross’ Irish Cousin I. i. v. 62 Heavy mahogany tables, each duly set forth with books and daguerrotypes. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > furtherance > further [verb (transitive)] furtherc888 to bring onc1230 advancea1250 speeda1300 nourishc1300 avaunt1393 promotec1433 pasture?a1439 advantage?1459 promove1475 preferc1503 conduce1518 to set forth1528 to set forward(s)1530 to take forth1530 fillip1551 help1559 farther1570 foster1571 shoulder1577 to put forward1579 seconda1586 foment1596 hearten1598 to put on1604 fomentate1613 succeed1613 expeditea1618 producea1618 maturate1623 cultivate1641 encourage1677 push1693 forward1780 progress1780 admove1839 1528 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iv, in Wks. 262/2 To confesse..what he had done for the settinge forth of that secte. 1542 [implied in: N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes 5 (margin) Mecænas was..so great a fauourer, promouter, and setter fourthe of Virgil, Horace, & suche other learned menne, that [etc.]. (at setter-forth n.)]. 1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Lj The very cause of thynges, is such a one that if it be practised in very diede, and set forth with other naturall causes, the effect must nedes folowe. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > commend or praise [verb (transitive)] heryc735 mickleeOE loveOE praise?c1225 upraisea1300 alosec1300 commenda1340 allow1340 laud1377 lose1377 avauntc1380 magnifya1382 enhancea1400 roosea1400 recommendc1400 recommanda1413 to bear up?a1425 exalt1430 to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445 laudifyc1470 gloryc1475 advance1483 to bear out1485 prizec1485 to be or to have in laudationa1500 joya1500 extol1509 collaud1512 concend?1521 solemnize?1521 celebrate1522 stellify1523 to set up1535 well-word1547 predicate1552 glorify1557 to set forth1565 admire1566 to be up with1592 voice1594 magnificate1598 plaud1598 concelebrate1599 encomionize1599 to con laud1602 applauda1616 panegyrize1617 acclamate1624 to set offa1625 acclaim1626 raise1645 complement1649 encomiate1651 voguec1661 phrase1675 to set out1688 Alexander1700 talk1723 panegyricize1777 bemouth1799 eulogizea1810 rhapsodize1819 crack up1829 rhapsody1847 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Commendare, to prayse: to sette forth. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iii. v. 85 Iessi. Nay, let me praise you while I haue a stomack? Loren. No pray thee, let it serue for table talke... Iessi. Well, ile set you forth. 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. ii. §2 To set forth a person by that which in its self is no matter of commendation. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > [verb (transitive)] uppec897 atewOE sutelec1000 openOE awnc1175 kithec1175 forthteec1200 tawnec1220 let witc1275 forthshowa1300 to pilt out?a1300 showa1300 barea1325 mythc1330 unfoldc1374 to open outc1390 assign1398 mustera1400 reyve?a1400 vouchc1400 manifest?a1425 outshowc1425 ostendc1429 explayc1443 objecta1500 reveala1500 patefy?1509 decipher1529 relieve1533 to set outa1540 utter1542 report1548 unbuckle1548 to set forth1551 demonstrate1553 to hold forth1560 testify1560 explicate1565 forthsetc1565 to give show of1567 denudec1572 exhibit1573 apparent1577 display?1578 carry1580 cipher1583 laya1586 foreshow1590 uncloud?1594 vision1594 explain1597 proclaim1597 unroll1598 discloud1600 remonstrate1601 resent1602 to bring out1608 palesate1613 pronounce1615 to speak out1623 elicit1641 confess1646 bear1657 breathe1667 outplay1702 to throw out1741 evolve1744 announce1781 develop1806 exfoliate1808 evince1829 exposit1882 pack1925 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Biv Onles I wolde..set furth the brightenes of the sonne wyth a candell. 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Siiv Wretches..whose pouerty she [sc. Pride] might..encrease by gorgiously setting furthe her riches. 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 69 b Thys woman disdaines..that any should sette forth the porte and maiestie, in gate and behauiour like vnto her. 1611 Second Maiden's Trag. (1909) i. i. 7 Fortunes are but the outsides of true worth It is the mynde that sets his master forth. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 310 To set forth Great things by small. View more context for this quotation 11. intransitive. To set out on a journey, against an enemy, in pursuit, etc. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)] > set out forthfarec888 foundOE seta1000 to go forthOE to fare forthc1200 partc1230 to pass forthc1325 to take (the) gatec1330 to take the wayc1330 to take one's waya1375 puta1382 treunt?a1400 movec1400 depart1490 prepare?1518 to set forth1530 to set forward(s)1530 busklea1535 to make out1558 to take forth1568 to set out1583 sally1590 start1591 to go off1600 to put forth1604 to start outa1626 intend1646 to take the road1720 to take one's foot in one's hand1755 to set off1774 to get off1778 to set away1817 to take out1855 to haul out1866 to hit the trail (less commonly the grit, pike, road, etc.)1873 to hit, split or take the breeze1910 hop1922 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 713/1 Whan sette you forthe on your journay, and God wyll. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 4604 Hast you to saile; Sette furthe to þe se. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 294 They set forth that were appoynted to breake the array of the Archers. 1592 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. i. sig. B3v I with my band set foorth against the Prince. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. iii. 13 My willing loue, The rather by these arguments of feare Set forth in your pursuite. View more context for this quotation 1675–6 City Mercury 10–17 Feb. 2/1 Exeter Coach... Sets forth every Monday morning from the Sarazens head Inn. 1718 F. Atterbury Serm. (1734) I. 4 Just as if it [sc. Christianity] were now in its Infant State, and newly setting forth in the World. 1798 C. Smith Young Philosopher IV. 76 Your fair Columbian,..the moon being at full..sat forth alone. 1845 R. Ford Hand-bk. Travellers in Spain I. i. 55 Before they set forth on their day's journey. 1890 W. E. Norris Misadventure I. vi. 88 The two young people set forth for the village. 1894 E. Scott Dancing 110 If the partners join right and left hands in setting forth. 1. a. To carry, send, or thrust forward. to set one's foot forward: see foot n. and int. Phrases 3; to set one's best foot forward and variants: see best adj., n.1, and adv. Phrases 1c(b)(i). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > forward movement > move or cause to move forward or advance [verb (transitive)] > move (a thing) forward to bring onc1230 vaunce1303 advancea1393 to set forward(s)c1430 perduce1563 traila1717 progress1780 c1430 Art Nombryng (1922) 10 Sette forwarde the figures of the nombre multiplying by oo difference. a1547 in Fosbrooke Econ. Mon. Life (1796) 83 When hir hors letyr was app[ar]eled..she was set forwards aft[er] this manner. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde i. ii. f. 7 Settinge forewarde with their ores the brigantine..ouerturned their Canoa. a1617 P. Baynes Lectures 202 in Comm. First & Second Chapters Colossians (1634) That man neuer yet set right foote forward in the way to the Kingdome of God. b. To put (a clock) on. ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [verb (transitive)] > set setc1400 temper1538 roll1583 rule1595 winda1616 to wind upa1616 to set forwarda1627 to set back1635 regulate1665 to put back1704 to put forward1741 to put on1826 time1873 a1627 T. Middleton & W. Rowley Old Law (1656) iii. 30 I would have you set forward the Clock. 1847 H. Miller First Impressions Eng. vii. 126 One of his companions..set forward the house-clock. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > severity > make more severe [verb (transitive)] gregge1340 aggrievea1425 aggravec1475 aggregec1540 aggravate1576 inflame1607 exasperate1611 to set forward(s)1611 exacerbate1660 sharpen1768 nettle1821 compound1961 the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > exacerbation of suffering > exacerbate suffering [verb (transitive)] sauce?1518 exasperate1561 aggravate1576 inasperate1592 to set forward1611 exacerbate1660 aggregea1678 sharpen1768 embitter1781 nettle1821 exaggerate1850 1611 Bible (King James) Job xxx. 13 They set forward my calamitie. View more context for this quotation 1684 Bp. G. Burnet tr. T. More Utopia 24 Luxury likewise breaks in apace upon you, to set forward your Poverty and Misery. 2. To assist (a person) in the way of progress; to help on (a matter, plan, etc.); to advance, promote. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > furtherance > further [verb (transitive)] furtherc888 to bring onc1230 advancea1250 speeda1300 nourishc1300 avaunt1393 promotec1433 pasture?a1439 advantage?1459 promove1475 preferc1503 conduce1518 to set forth1528 to set forward(s)1530 to take forth1530 fillip1551 help1559 farther1570 foster1571 shoulder1577 to put forward1579 seconda1586 foment1596 hearten1598 to put on1604 fomentate1613 succeed1613 expeditea1618 producea1618 maturate1623 cultivate1641 encourage1677 push1693 forward1780 progress1780 admove1839 the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > promotion or help forward > promote or help forward (a person, plan, etc.) [verb (transitive)] furtherc888 fremeOE filsenc1175 fosterc1175 speeda1240 theec1250 advancec1300 upraisea1340 increasec1380 forthbearc1400 exploit?a1439 aid1502 to set forward(s)1530 farther1570 facilite1585 to set forthward1588 forward1598 facilitate1599 accommodate1611 succeed1613 bespeed1615 to set (a person) on (also upon) his (also her, etc.) legs1632 subserve1645 push1758 support1779 leg up1817 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 713/2 I set forwarde a person, or avaunce him to promocyon. Jaduance. 1540 T. Cranmer Let. 14 June in Remains (1833) I. 299 To set forwards whatsoever was your Majesty's will. 1561 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 193 For..setting fordwart of the commone effaris of the cuntre. a1617 P. Baynes Lect. (1634) 204 Walking after a potion taken..setteth forward the working of physicke taken. 1662 Bk. Com. Prayer, Pr. Ember Weeks That..they may..set forward the salvation of all men. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §7 (note) To set the workmen forward..I have been obliged to continue on board our store vessel..frequently a week. 1811 Simeon Let. in Carus Life (1847) 308 Some of the young men..were endeavouring to set forward a Bible Society. 3. To put forward, promulgate; to advance (an opinion). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > state or declare [verb (transitive)] speakc900 sayOE sayOE tell?a1160 to put forth?c1225 posea1325 allegec1330 declarec1330 exponec1380 to bring fortha1382 expounda1382 terminec1384 allaya1387 express1386 proport1387 purport1389 cough1393 generalize?a1425 deliverc1454 expremec1470 to show forth1498 promisea1500 term1546 to set forward1560 attribute1563 to throw out1573 quote1575 dictate1599 rendera1616 preport1616 enunciate1623 remonstrate1625 state1642 pronunciate1652 annunciate1763 present1779 enounce1805 report1842 constate1865 lodge1885 outen1951 the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > hold an opinion [verb (transitive)] > express an opinion opinea1475 to set forward1560 opinionate1651 vend1657 spend1688 to put on (also upon) record1782 voice1850 1560 J. Knox et al. Buke Discipline in J. Knox Wks. (1848) II. 221 We leave it..to be weyit by your Honouris wisdome, and set fordwart by your authoritie. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xl. 252 To set forward..such doctrine as was agreeable to Moses his doctrine. 1890 Universal Rev. Sept. 64 The theory now set forward. 4. intransitive. To go forward, set out, start. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)] > set out forthfarec888 foundOE seta1000 to go forthOE to fare forthc1200 partc1230 to pass forthc1325 to take (the) gatec1330 to take the wayc1330 to take one's waya1375 puta1382 treunt?a1400 movec1400 depart1490 prepare?1518 to set forth1530 to set forward(s)1530 busklea1535 to make out1558 to take forth1568 to set out1583 sally1590 start1591 to go off1600 to put forth1604 to start outa1626 intend1646 to take the road1720 to take one's foot in one's hand1755 to set off1774 to get off1778 to set away1817 to take out1855 to haul out1866 to hit the trail (less commonly the grit, pike, road, etc.)1873 to hit, split or take the breeze1910 hop1922 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 713/2 I set forward, as an armye..dothe. Je me auance. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III 12 The erle..aventured..to set forwarde hym selfe by lande. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 670 With which fleet..[he] set forward against the Portingals. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ix. 411 I set forward through the vaile of Ombria. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones VI. xvii. v. 122 Mrs. Miller set forwards to her Son-in-Law's Lodgings. View more context for this quotation 1816 J. Austen Emma I. xiii. 237 He..set forward at last..in his own carriage. View more context for this quotation 1889 ‘M. Gray’ Reproach of Annesley III. vi. i. 129 He..set forward again after supper. 1. a. See simple trans. senses and in adv.; to enter (a name); to insert, put in; to engraft, implant; †to put in office or power, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > insertion or putting in > insert or put in [verb (transitive)] to do ineOE to put ina1300 insetc1374 to throw ina1382 inducec1420 intriec1420 to set ina1425 tryc1440 enter1489 insert1529 turn1544 insere1557 infer1572 input1593 intromitc1600 introduce1695 to run in1756 a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Rom. xi. 23 Ȝhe, and thei schulen be set yn [L. inserentur], if thei dwellen not in vnbileue. ?c1450 in G. J. Aungier Hist. & Antiq. Syon Monastery (1840) 361 To sette in the names of sustres and brethren professed in the register of the chapter. 1487 in H. E. Malden Cely Papers (1900) 169 They hawe dischargyd all the old wytt [= magistrates] of Bruges the whych was sett yn be the Kyng. 1562 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 13 The said James Smith toke a Lease of his part of the Tenement, and set-in the said Ellin to have hit after his decesse. 1563–4 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 109 John Atkyns to blo ye organs when he set in ye pypes vj d. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. i. 7 When a member that was out of ioynt is set in againe. 1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales xii. xi. 172 [They] set in companies to rob and spoile [L. immittere latronum globos]. 1662 S. Pepys Diary 5 Aug. (1970) III. 156 At Greenwich set in, Captain Cocke. 1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. i. ii. 17 Set in your Lee-braces. 1709 Tatler No. 37. ⁋2 Beau Slimber a Londoner, undertook to keep up with Trips, a whelp just set in. 1808 Lady's Econ. Assist. 1 The worked part of the frock body must be set in quite plain. 1859 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 20 ii. 364 To prevent any escape of the manure while turning [the plough] and setting in again. 1888 Co-operative News 16 June 619 If the clothes are placed in cold water out of the boil the fabric will contract, and so set in the dirt. 1888 ‘J. S. Winter’ Bootle's Children xii. 90 I want the ring to be quite plain and heavy, with three stones set in level with the gold. 1889 ‘M. Gray’ Reproach of Annesley I. ii. ii. 158 Having now finished setting in a row of young plants. b. absol. (See quot. 1530.) ΚΠ 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 714/1 I set in to the oven, as bakers do their breed... We shal nat set in tyll to morowe thre of the clocke. c. To put (a vessel) in towards the shore. Also absol. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > direct or manage ship [verb (transitive)] > set a ship's course > sail towards shore to set in1887 1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 22 Feb. 10/2 The ship was set in towards the land by a current. 1891 F. W. Robinson Her Love & his Life III. vii. i. 236 ‘Set in to shore,’ cried Kerts, roughly. d. To draw or gather in. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (transitive)] > gather frouncea1533 gather1576 full1815 to set in1858 gauge1881 bunch1884 kilt1887 1858 Ladies' Cabinet Jan. 54/1 The skirt..is set in at the waist, in large fluted or hollow plaits. 2. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > fight (a battle, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > direct into battle to set in1487 engage1868 to bring up1885 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) ix. 610 Schir Eduardis cumpany, Quhen thai had thrillit thame hastely, Set stoutly in the hedis agane. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake or set oneself to do [verb (intransitive)] found12.. to take on (also upon) one(self)a1300 assay1330 study1340 to put (also lay, set, etc.) one's hand to the ploughc1384 intendc1385 pressc1390 to put oneself in pressc1390 gatherc1400 undertakec1405 sayc1425 to fall in hand with (also to do (something))c1450 setc1485 obligea1500 essay?1515 attend1523 supprise1532 to set in foot1542 enterprise1547 address1548 to set in hand1548 prove1612 to make it one's businessa1628 engage1646 embark1647 bend1694 to take hold1868 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 78v Whoso hath ones stepped foorth, and sette in foote to take charge of a commen weale. 1555 J. Heywood Two Hundred Epigrammes with Thyrde sig. D.viiiv He hath set in foote, thyngs by wyt to be sped. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxxijv It belongeth..to the Emperour..to set in foote in counselles. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > specifically a person > to begin to set in1695 1695 J. Collier Misc. upon Moral Subj. 47 I think I had better decline the Task, than injure the Argument. However, if you please to assist, and set me In: I will endeavour to recollect my self for a short Conference. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)] > join or meet in battle to come togetherOE to lay togetherc1275 smitec1275 to have, keep, make, smite, strike, battle1297 joustc1330 meetc1330 copec1350 assemblea1375 semblea1375 coup?a1400 to fight togethera1400 strikea1400 joinc1400 to join the battle1455 to commit battle?a1475 rencounter1497 to set ina1500 to pitch a battlea1513 concura1522 rescounter1543 scontre1545 journey1572 shock1575 yoke1581 to give in1610 mix1697 to engage a combat1855 to run (or ride) a-tilt1862 the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > support or encouragement > support or encourage [verb (intransitive)] > take someone's part > intervene in support to set in1656 a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxix. 588 Whan thei saugh the hoste comynge thei merveiled fro whens so moche peple myght come. Neuertheles thei sette in a-monge hem. 1656 R. Sanderson 20 Serm. 341 A rich opportunity..,to set in for Gods cause. 1656 R. Baxter Reformed Pastor 73 It is our duty to set in for the assistance of these,..to help them to a conquest of their corruptions. 1665 R. Sanderson 8 Cases Conscience (1674) 85 Princes may see cause to set in for their own safety and interest. 1692 J. Ray Misc. Disc. v. 117 May not the Stoicks here set in, and help us out at a dead lift? 4. To set to work, begin (upon something); esp. followed by to, for. Also passive. Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)] beginc1000 onginOE aginOE ginc1175 to go tillc1175 to take onc1175 comsea1225 fanga1225 to go toc1275 i-ginc1275 commencec1320 to get (also get down, go, go adown, set, set down) to workc1400 to lay to one's hand(sc1405 to put to one's hand (also hands)c1410 to set toc1425 standa1450 to make to1563 to fall to it1570 to start out1574 to fall to1577 to run upon ——1581 to break off1591 start1607 to set in1608 to set to one's hands1611 to put toa1616 to fall ona1625 in1633 to fall aboard1642 auspicatea1670 to set out1693 to enter (into) the fray1698 open1708 to start in1737 inchoate1767 to set off1774 go1780 start1785 to on with1843 to kick off1857 to start in on1859 to steam up1860 to push off1909 to cut loose1923 to get (also put) the show on the road1941 to get one's arse in gear1948 1608 A. Willet Hexapla in Exodum 495 Where the fire setteth in, the whole is spoiled. 1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Lev. xiii. 6) 136 God also will set in and wash such with the blood of his son. 1693 N. Tate tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires ii. 22 To behold your unnerv'd Sex set in To Needle-Work. 1700 W. Congreve Way of World iv. i. 53 Sir Wilfull is set into Drinking, Madam, in the Parlour. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 24. ⁋1 A worthy old Batchelor, who sets in for his Dose of Claret every Night. 1764 Museum Rusticum 2 xxix. 93 To let the first mower and his attendants set-in well before the second follow. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho II. xii. 464 They are all set in to feasting yet. 1835 T. Moore Mem. (1856) VII. 82 [I] set in hard at work at the remainder of my volume. 1837 C. Dickens Let. ?Dec. (1965) I. 346 I was in the humour for writing last night—..was regularly set in—when there came a double knock. 1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes II. i. 7 I go upon the hurricane-deck, and set in for two hours of hard walking up and down. 1893 Field 11 Feb. 191/2 It set in to freeze. 5. To begin, become prevalent: chiefly of the weather entering upon a particular state. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > [verb (intransitive)] > begin or become prevalent to set in1684 set1892 the world > time > particular time > [verb (intransitive)] > come or arrive (of a time) > become settled to come in1719 to set in1765 the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > beginning > begin [verb (intransitive)] beginc1000 comsea1225 gin?c1225 becomsea1375 commencec1380 to take beginninga1400 enterc1425 to start up1568 initiatea1618 inchoate1654 dawn1716 to take in1845 to take up1846 to set in1848 the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > undergo chemical reactions or processes [verb] > begin to react to set in1857 1684 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 366 The weather now was set to an absolute Thaw & raine. 1765 S. Foote Commissary iii. 60 The latter end of the year, when the winter sets in. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Current When the western monsoons set, in December. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lx. 542 Politics set in a short time after dessert. 1856 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 11 Sept. in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. v. 150 The evening set in misty and obscure. 1857 W. A. Miller Elements Chem.: Org. (1862) 137 Though no fermentation had set in. 1890 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 148 32/1 Sooner or later a reaction must set in. 6. Of a current or wind: To flow or blow towards the shore. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > move in a certain direction [verb (intransitive)] > of current or wind set14.. to set in1719 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 225 The Current of the Flood set in close by the Shore. 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 46 The westerly winds setting in on this coast. 1821 W. Scott Pirate I. i. 4 The current of a strong and furious tide..setting in betwixt the Orkney and Zetland Islands. 1831 Mirror XVII. 102/1 The tide sets in on this part of the coast with extraordinary velocity. 1. See simple trans. senses and off adv.: ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away ateec885 withbreidec890 animOE overbearOE to do awayOE flitc1175 reavec1175 takec1175 to have away?a1300 to draw awayc1300 weve13.. to wend awaya1325 withdrawa1325 remuec1325 to carry away1363 to take away1372 waive1377 to long awaya1382 oftakec1390 to draw offa1398 to do froa1400 forflitc1420 amove?a1425 to carry out?a1425 surtrayc1440 surtretec1440 twistc1440 abstract1449 ostea1450 remove1459 ablatea1475 araisea1475 redd1479 dismove1480 diminish?1504 convey1530 alienate1534 retire1536 dimove1540 reversec1540 subtractc1540 submove1542 sublate1548 pare1549 to pull in1549 exempt1553 to shift off1567 retract?1570 renversec1586 aufer1587 to lay offa1593 rear1596 retrench1596 unhearse1596 exemea1600 remote1600 to set off1600 subduct1614 rob1627 extraneize1653 to bring off1656 to pull back1656 draft1742 extract1804 reef1901 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. i. 143 Euery thing set off That might so much as thinke you enemies. View more context for this quotation ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > hatred > quarrel or falling out > quarrel or fall at variance with [verb (transitive)] alienc1350 strange1460 estrangea1513 alienate1531 avert1532 stranger1608 to set off1633 disaffect1641 disoblige1647 unfriend1659 rupture1815 split1835 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 366 If any mans heart bee set upon the world, it is set off from God. 1651 Bp. J. Hall Susurrium cum Deo vi. 20 Doe Thou set off my heart from all these earthly vanities. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > annul, cancel, revoke [verb (transitive)] fordoOE allayOE withdrawc1290 withclepe13.. again-callc1390 to call againc1390 repealc1390 revokec1400 unmakec1400 rive1415 annulc1425 abroge1427 uncommandc1430 discharge?a1439 retreatc1443 retract1501 cancela1513 abrogate?1520 dissolve1526 extinct1531 rescind1531 abrenounce1537 infringe1543 recall1565 unwrite1577 extinguish1590 exauctorate1593 relinquish1594 unact1594 to strike off1597 undecide1601 unpass1606 to take off1609 to draw back1610 reclaim1615 to put back1616 abrenunciate1618 unrip1622 supersedeate1641 to set off1642 unassure1643 unorder1648 to ask away1649 disdetermine1651 unbespeak1661 undecree1667 reassumea1675 off-break1702 circumduct1726 raise1837 resiliate1838 denounce1841 disorder1852 pull1937 1642 C. Vernon Considerations Excheqver 27 Such [sums] as shall appeare to be discharged or set off by such matter of Record. 1642 C. Vernon Considerations Excheqver 30 The Clerk of the Pipe is not to discharge or set off any part of the Sheriffes charge, but by Tallies to be leavied in his Majesties Receipt of Exchequer. d. To put (a person) off. Scottish. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > evade [verb (transitive)] > put off pop1530 to put off1569 to fode forth (also occasionally forward, off, on, out)1591 to shift offc1592 foist1598 to fob off1600 fub1600 to shuffle off1604 doffa1616 jig1633 to trump upa1640 whiffle1654 to fool off1664 sham1682 drill1752 to set off1768 to put by1779 jilt1782 palm1822 stall1829 job1872 to give (a person) the go-around1925 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess 75 But think na, man, that I'll be set off sae, For I'll hae satisfaction ere I gae. e. To stop the working of. Scottish. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] > cause to cease or put a stop to > cause (a thing) to cease action > specifically a machine or mechanism stop1538 to set off1728 to run down1840 1728 A. Ramsay Monk & Miller's Wife 51 Gae warm ye, and crack with our dame, Till I set aff the mill. 1823 W. Scott Peveril II. ix. 229 The goodman has set off the mill, to come to wait on you himself. f. To set up in type separately.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > preparatory processes > composing > compose [verb (transitive)] > separately to set off1770 1770 P. Luckombe Conc. Hist. Printing 375 A very close line in the Copy, which we set off, to see how it comes into the measure made to m's. g. To let. Scottish. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > hiring or letting out > rent out [verb (intransitive)] to set off1799 society > trade and finance > selling > hiring or letting out > hire or rent out [verb (transitive)] let909 hirec1384 rentc1447 to let out1526 locatec1580 wage1590 to farm outa1593 hackney1608 to set out1614 ablocate1623 job1726 to hire out1776 to set off1799 society > trade and finance > selling > hiring or letting out > [adjective] > sub-letting > sub-let to set off1799 1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 516 He..set off five new farms, formerly waste land. h. To cause to go off or explode, let off. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > fire (a gun) [verb (transitive)] loosec1400 fire1508 let1553 pop1595 report1605 unlade1611 to fire off1706 to let off1714 squib1811 to set off1881 to ease off1916 poop1917 society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > use of mines and explosives > use mines and explosives [verb (transitive)] > mine > explode a mine, etc. spring1625 vent1687 fire1699 to let off1714 to set off1881 bump1915 1881 H. Smith & C. R. Smith Isle of Wight Words Zet off,..to explode gunpowder. 1882 Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (new ed.) (at cited word) He set off the cannon. 1898 Engin. Mag. 16 69 A spark..that might set off the explosives. 2. To start off, give (a person or thing) a start; to send off into a fit of laughter, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > cause to begin to act or operate to put (also set) to worka1398 to put on work?1440 streek?a1500 setc1500 to put (also set) in (also into) motion1598 spring1598 to set offa1625 to put (also set) in work1626 to set (a-)going1705 start1822 to start up1865 to set in motion1890 the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > cause (a person) to begin to do something launch1602 start1757 to set on1823 to start off1844 to set off1863 a1625 J. Fletcher Humorous Lieut. iii. vi, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Rrr3v/2 I seek a brave hand To set me off in death. 1828 H. Steuart Planter's Guide (ed. 2) 478 It is extremely important for the success of Trees, to possess a certain degree of vigour in the outset, or to be what is technically called, ‘well set off.’ 1830 F. A. Kemble Rec. Girlhood (1878) II. 163 The carriage..was set off at its utmost speed. 1863 E. C. Gaskell Sylvia's Lovers I. iii. 53 To divert her attention from the subject which had set her off into hysterics. 1865 C. J. Lever Luttrell xix. 132 One of those practised laughs, which, by setting others off, frequently cut short an unpleasant discussion. 1886 E. Whitaker Tip Cat (new ed.) xxii. 301 Her questions set Dick off thinking. 1889 ‘M. Gray’ Reproach of Annesley III. v. ii. 44 He..set Mr. Rickman off upon one of his interminable monologues. 3. To apportion or assign to a particular purpose; to portion off. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)] > assign or allot givec1050 bequeatha1325 ordaina1325 assign1340 sortc1374 sign1389 betakea1400 beteacha1400 remiss1525 allot1534 carve1578 divide1600 to set off1687 1687 Bp. G. Burnet Contin. Refl. Mr. Varillas's Hist. Heresies 60 The appointments that were set off for her. 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. To set off,.. 4. To separate or assign for a particular purpose; as, to set off a portion of an estate. 1842 Penny Mag. 8 Oct. 395/2 A portion of the stabling is set off as a ‘sick-box’ for the invalids. 4. a. To mark or measure off (a certain distance) on a surface; to lay off (the lines of a ship). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > measure (off) a length or distance [verb (transitive)] measurec1384 take1551 to set offa1647 to take off1658 society > communication > indication > marking > marking out > mark out [verb (transitive)] to quarter out1600 to mark out1611 point1611 to set offa1647 to set out1653 score1687 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > build a ship [verb (transitive)] > draw plans or mark moulds to set offa1647 sirmark1664 sweep1664 a1647 P. Pett Life in Archaeologia (1796) 12 250 They found by due trial all lines [of the ship] to be truly set off. 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 62 The varied Measure must be set off from the top of the Cilinder. 1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 95 Set off 30 Fathom on the Side BD. 1774 M. Mackenzie Treat. Maritim Surv. i. iii. 11 Taking the Length of XY from a Scale of equal Parts, set it off from X to Y. 1830 P. Hedderwick Treat. Marine Archit. 201 The square measurements of the cant-timbers are set off on the body-plan of the schooner foreward and abaft. 1876 G. E. Voyle Mil. Dict. (ed. 3) This space is formed by setting off demi~gorges of 30 yards. 1891 Chambers's Jrnl. 20 June 400/1 If three hundred and sixty separate degrees be set-off from the centre of a perfect circle. b. To place along a surface at definite intervals. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > scatter [verb (transitive)] > space out dispersea1535 stringc1650 space1712 to set out1812 to set off1850 1850 T. Inkersley Styles Archit. France 311 All these windows being set off on the outer face of the wall. c. To mark off, separate from the context. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separate [verb (transitive)] > separate from main body skillc1175 to tell outc1325 shillc1440 sequestrate1513 sorta1535 shoal1571 segregate1579 dismember1580 single1582 scatter1588 disgregate1593 recond1608 sepone1619 sequester1625 canton1653 to cantonize outa1670 portion1777 to set off1795 to comb out1854 distinguish1866 split1924 hive off1931 section1960 separate1962 1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 165 When adjuncts or circumstances are of importance,..they may be set off by commas. 5. a. To set in relief, make prominent or conspicuous by contrast. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > be contrary to [verb (transitive)] > set in opposition to set off1598 to show offa1616 contrapose1617 counterpose1657 counterpoint1940 society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > represent graphically [verb (transitive)] > set in relief or make prominent by contrast to set off1598 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. ii. 212 My reformation glittring ore my fault, Shal shew more goodly,..Then that which hath no foile to set it off . View more context for this quotation 1633 G. Herbert Foil in Temple ii God hath made starres the foil To set off vertues; griefs to set off sinning. 1637 J. Milton Comus 27 She fables not, I feele that I doe feare Her words set off by some superior power. 1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso (1674) i. xix. 20 Picture-drawers do the better set off the Figures they draw, by dark shadows. 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §93 (1699) 148 Good qualities are the Substantial Riches of the Mind, but 'tis good Breeding sets them off. 1778 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad. (1876) viii. 454 That the blue, the grey, or the green colours..be used only to support and set off these warm colours. 1826 New Monthly Mag. 16 121 His raiment served to set his destitution off. 1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede I. i. ix. 176 The primrose is set off by its nest of green. 1890 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Jan. 23 Thick brown hair..fell down on her shoulders and set off the margins of her smooth pure cheeks. b. intransitive. To form a contrast (with). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > contrariety[vi] [verb (intransitive)] > form a contrast with strivea1387 to set off1735 antistrophize1842 to strike off1884 1652 Bk. Drawing 34 What Colours set off best together. 1735 Dict. Polygraph. II. H h 4 Blues set off with yellows, reds, whites, browns, and blacks. Greens set off well with purples and reds. 6. To show to advantage, enhance, embellish. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > be becoming to or set off becomec1314 commend1535 advancea1555 comely1573 outseta1578 countenance?1578 to set out1586 to stick off1613 to set offa1616 suit1655 to put off1700 advantage1748 approve1849 flatter1904 a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) i. vi. 171 He hath a kinde of Honor sets him off, More then a mortall seeming. View more context for this quotation 1629 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. (ed. 5) iv. sig. B8 No quality sets a man off like this. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 439 Claudian has set off his Description of the Eridanus, with all the Poetical Stories that have been made of it. 1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery xvi. 142 Fairy Butter... This is a pretty Thing to set off a Table at Supper. 1749 T. Smollett tr. A. R. Le Sage Gil Blas I. iii. v. 214 I adorned myself to the best of my power, the barber lending a helping hand, in order to set me off. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. vii. 188 Thou seest how well the French hose set off the leg and knee. 1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. iv. 133 The sculpture is approved and set off by the colour. 1891 Temple Bar July 445 Dress helped to set off her many charms. 7. To give a flattering description of, commend, praise. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > commend or praise [verb (transitive)] heryc735 mickleeOE loveOE praise?c1225 upraisea1300 alosec1300 commenda1340 allow1340 laud1377 lose1377 avauntc1380 magnifya1382 enhancea1400 roosea1400 recommendc1400 recommanda1413 to bear up?a1425 exalt1430 to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445 laudifyc1470 gloryc1475 advance1483 to bear out1485 prizec1485 to be or to have in laudationa1500 joya1500 extol1509 collaud1512 concend?1521 solemnize?1521 celebrate1522 stellify1523 to set up1535 well-word1547 predicate1552 glorify1557 to set forth1565 admire1566 to be up with1592 voice1594 magnificate1598 plaud1598 concelebrate1599 encomionize1599 to con laud1602 applauda1616 panegyrize1617 acclamate1624 to set offa1625 acclaim1626 raise1645 complement1649 encomiate1651 voguec1661 phrase1675 to set out1688 Alexander1700 talk1723 panegyricize1777 bemouth1799 eulogizea1810 rhapsodize1819 crack up1829 rhapsody1847 a1625 J. Fletcher Humorous Lieut. iv. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Rrr4v/2 Do you set off these Jewels?.. I meane, sell 'em. 1706 A. Pope Let. 10 Apr. in Corr. (1956) I. 16 The great dealers in Wit, like those in Trade, take least Pains to set off their Goods. 1785 R. Graves Eugenius II. xviii. 118 Young Scrip, whom Mrs. Banks was going to set off as a young man of great expectations. 1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. To set off,..2. To give a pompous or flattering description of; to eulogize; to recommend; as to set off a character. 8. a. To take into account by way of compensation or equivalent; to put in the balance (against something); spec. in Law, to allow or recognize as a counter-claim. Also absol. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > make equal [verb (transitive)] > balance against or counterbalance > in legal claims, etc. to set off1692 1692 G. Keith Account Great Division Quakers 23 According to S. J. the Blasphemy of W. S. shall be discounted for, and set off, against G. K's. reviling his Brethren, if he had been guilty thereof, which they can never prove. 1735 Act 8 Geo. II c. 24 §5 The Debt intended to be set off, shall be pleaded in Bar, in which Plea shall be shewn how much is truly and justly due on either side. 1772 F. Buller Introd. Law Nisi Prius (new ed.) 175 A Debt by simple Contract might by the former Act have been set off against a Specialty Debt. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas I. ii. v. 234 We may set off their drugs against our specifics. 1818 J. Campbell Nisi Prius Cases II. 586 The defendant had therefore a right to set off this loss against the premiums. 1819 W. P. Taunton Rep. Cases Comm. Pleas VII. 481 The Defendants' guaranty does not so make the Defendants parties to the contract, that they can set off. 1880 J. Muirhead tr. Gaius Institutes iv. 302 He [sc. the banner] is required to set off his customer's counter-claim. 1891 Sat. Rev. 15 Aug. 192/1 The produce is set off against the advance, the balance is fairly struck. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 182/2 The principle of ‘betterment’, according to which promoters would be allowed to set off against an owner's claim for compensation any enhancement of the value of his land by the use of the land taken by the promoters. 1994 What Investm. Jan. 10/3 Losses that remain unrelieved may be carried forward indefinitely and set off against future gains. b. To counterbalance, compensate. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > make equal [verb (transitive)] > balance against or counterbalance gaina1375 counterpoise1393 peisea1400 weigh1583 set1589 poise1600 to weigh against, again1600 affront1609 balance1624 cancel1633 counterbalance1636 counterpose1636 compensate1656 equilibriatea1657 outset1656 equiponderate1661 equipoise1664 equibalance1665 offset1673 countersway1710 to set off1749 counterweigh1825 equilibrate1829 to set against ——1832 equilibrize1833 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. v. i. 114 Thus the Beauty of Day, and that of Summer, is set off by the Horrors of Night and Winter. View more context for this quotation 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe III. x. 250 The merry men of the forest set off the building of a cottage with the burning of a castle. 1893 Times 8 May 7/6 The loss feared in one branch of trade would be set off by a gain in another branch. c. intransitive. To be a set-off against. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > be or become equal [verb (intransitive)] > balance or be balanced > act as a counterbalance counterpoisec1430 counterweigh1523 balance1597 to set off1824 1824 Examiner 152/2 Prices neither have risen, nor is there the least prospect of their rising, to a rate that will set off against the taxes..that burden the land. 9. a. intransitive. To start on a journey or course; transferred to start (doing something). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)] beginc1000 onginOE aginOE ginc1175 to go tillc1175 to take onc1175 comsea1225 fanga1225 to go toc1275 i-ginc1275 commencec1320 to get (also get down, go, go adown, set, set down) to workc1400 to lay to one's hand(sc1405 to put to one's hand (also hands)c1410 to set toc1425 standa1450 to make to1563 to fall to it1570 to start out1574 to fall to1577 to run upon ——1581 to break off1591 start1607 to set in1608 to set to one's hands1611 to put toa1616 to fall ona1625 in1633 to fall aboard1642 auspicatea1670 to set out1693 to enter (into) the fray1698 open1708 to start in1737 inchoate1767 to set off1774 go1780 start1785 to on with1843 to kick off1857 to start in on1859 to steam up1860 to push off1909 to cut loose1923 to get (also put) the show on the road1941 to get one's arse in gear1948 society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)] > set out forthfarec888 foundOE seta1000 to go forthOE to fare forthc1200 partc1230 to pass forthc1325 to take (the) gatec1330 to take the wayc1330 to take one's waya1375 puta1382 treunt?a1400 movec1400 depart1490 prepare?1518 to set forth1530 to set forward(s)1530 busklea1535 to make out1558 to take forth1568 to set out1583 sally1590 start1591 to go off1600 to put forth1604 to start outa1626 intend1646 to take the road1720 to take one's foot in one's hand1755 to set off1774 to get off1778 to set away1817 to take out1855 to haul out1866 to hit the trail (less commonly the grit, pike, road, etc.)1873 to hit, split or take the breeze1910 hop1922 1774 Trinket 91 I sat off in immediate pursuit of them. 1816 W. Scott Black Dwarf xi, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. I. 218 They mounted..and..set off at a round gallop. 1823 R. Southey Hist. Peninsular War I. 473 Messengers set off to solicit succour from Badajoz. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) iii. 17 They both set off in a fit of laughter. 1888 ‘J. S. Winter’ Bootle's Children viii. 58 He..set off to go home alone. b. To take off for a leap. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > leaping, springing, or jumping > leap, spring, or jump [verb (intransitive)] > take off for a leap to set off1768 to take off1781 1768 H. Brooke Fool of Quality III. xvi. 191 A mark from whence the rivals were to set off on their leap. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > appearance or aspect > have specific appearance [verb] to set off1616 1616 B. Jonson Poëtaster (rev. ed.) To Rdr., in Wks. I. 349 I, now, but thinke, how poore their spight sets off, Who,..Haue nothing left, but the vnsau'ry smoake Of their blacke vomit, to vpbrayd themselues. 11. Printing. To soil the next leaf or sheet: said of the ink or of the printed page. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > manner or style of printing > [verb (intransitive)] > set off to set off1683 offset1888 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 76 Trane-Oyl..hinders the Inck from drying; so that when the Work comes to the Binders, it Sets off. 1777 in Notes & Queries 9th Ser. V. (1900) 189/1 [The binder] is particularly desired to beat the work before he places the cuts, in order to prevent the letterpress from setting off on the engravings. 1823 J. Badcock Domest. Amusem. 27 Some printers' works ‘set off’, as they term it, when the ink of one page leaves its impression upon the opposite page. 1883 R. Haldane Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 343/2 An undue proportion of lampblack in the ink will cause it to smear,..and to ‘set-off’ during book~binding operations. 12. In the pianoforte, (of the hoppers) to make the proper set-off. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > stringed keyboards > [verb (intransitive)] > set off (of hoppers) to set off1853 1853 W. Sandilands Brit. Patent 548 2 I also claim an improvement, through the same means, in the setting off of the hopper [sc. for a pianoforte]. 1885 C. G. W. Lock Workshop Receipts 4th Ser. 281/1 Blocking is caused by the hoppers not ‘setting off’. 1. literal. To place on or upon something: see simple senses and on adv.: with special implication, e.g. to set (a vessel) on the fire; †to put on (an article of clothing); †to hang (a door). ΚΠ c975 Rushw. Gosp. Mark v. 23 Sete on honda ofer hiæ. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 197 He ne mihte finden on al his licame hwar he his finger on sette bute uppen wunden. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 158 Brutus sette on his flo. a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 183 But furst sett on his sokkis. c1475 (?c1425) Avowing of King Arthur (1984) l. 486 Downe þay take þat birde bryȝte, Sette hur one behinde þe knyȝte. 1522 in Archaeologia 25 450 Item pd..for settyng on of a horne & trymmyng of yor long bowe..iiij d. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Esdras iii. 6 They..set on the dores, lockes & barres of it. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 7 Soom doe set on caldrons, oothers dooe kendel a bauen. 1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 38 Another course [of a meal] is set on. 1690 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 10 To protect, set on, & bring off, those who should manege the Fire-ships. 17.. in Ritson Gammer Gurton's Garland (1783) 52 Is John smith within?.. Can he set on a shoe? 1808 Lady's Econ. Assist. 22 A welt should be set on to the waist at the back. 1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 140 To relieve, to make a sett near to another that cannot be sett on any more till it is taken in on each side. 1859 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 20 ii. 330 The tail is not neatly set on. 1880 Plain Knitting 11 Knitting can hardly be set on too loosely. 1884 Live Stock Jrnl. 1 Aug. 107/1 A..Setter Dog, good all round, with the exception of his ears, which are set on too high. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > initiate [verb (transitive)] beginc1175 baptizec1384 to set a (on) broachc1440 open1471 to set abroachc1475 entame1477 to set afloat1559 initiate1604 first1607 principiate1613 to set afoot or on foot1615 unclap1621 inchoatea1631 flush1633 to set on1638 principatec1650 rudiment1654 auspicate1660 embryonate1666 to strike up1711 start1723 institutea1797 float1833 spark1912 1638 F. Rous Heavenly Acad. vii. 106 They behold the shape of folly, of their owne setting on. 1652 H. Bell tr. M. Luther Colloquia Mensalia 334 The Emperor sent his Embassador to John Frederick, Prince Elector of Saxon, to set on and to further a Council. 1688 Lett. conc. Pres. St. Italy 158 The Son of him that set on the Massacres of the Protestants. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 262 The King was as earnest in the setting it on, as the Duke was in opposing it. 3. a. To urge (an animal, esp. a dog) to attack. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > cause or incite to attack setc1440 to set on1592 sick1845 1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. D v What curre will not bawle..when he is set on by his master. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. (stage direct.) Enter diuers Spirits in shape of Dogs and Hounds, hunting them about: Prospero and Ariel setting them on. 1890 Mrs. A. MacLeod Austral. Girl I. xxii. 259 I found him setting a puppy on to some sheep. b. To instigate, incite, urge on (a person) to do something. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate stirc897 putOE sputc1175 prokec1225 prickc1230 commovec1374 baitc1378 stingc1386 movea1398 eager?a1400 pokec1400 provokea1425 tollc1440 cheera1450 irritec1450 encourage1483 incite1483 harden1487 attice1490 pricklea1522 to set on1523 incense1531 irritate1531 animate1532 tickle1532 stomach1541 instigate1542 concitea1555 upsteer1558 urge1565 instimulate1570 whip1573 goad1579 raise1581 to set upa1586 to call ona1592 incitate1597 indarec1599 alarm1602 exstimulate1603 to put on1604 feeze1610 impulse1611 fomentate1613 emovec1614 animalize1617 stimulate1619 spura1644 trinkle1685 cite1718 to put up1812 prod1832 to jack up1914 goose1934 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. lviii. 32 b By the settyng on of Sir Willyam Bayllule. 1540 J. Palsgrave in tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus i. i. sig. Dijv The vndewe loue he hath to hym selfe..setteth him on to take this way. 1540 J. Palsgrave in tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus i. i. sig. Diijv He hath priuyly or by secrete menes stered the, or set ye on (to do this thinge). 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxxxvij Beinge ayded by the Byshop of the same Citie, or set on rather. 1616 R. Cocks Diary (1883) I. 115 The chirurgion is a prating fello, and I think sett on per others. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 150 My Master was now bent against me, his Wife had set him on. 1743 J. Morris Serm. vii. 184 Whether they went out of their..choice, or were set on by others. 1781 D. Williams tr. Voltaire Dramatic Wks. II. 286 The devil set me on to marry you. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth III. ix. 162 Woman, thou art set on to this. 1892 Good Words May 300/2 It was..the boys—they set us on to ask. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > following up, through, or prosecution > follow up, through, or out [verb (transitive)] > to the end to go through1548 to set on1596 to set through1600 to carry through1609 to see outc1700 to follow out1762 to see through1828 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. T2 Speaking to him, that he shuld not go about to answere me, except he set it soundly on. 1655 H. More Antidote against Atheism (ed. 2) App. iii. 303 I confess the Objection is very ingenious and set on home. 4. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > forward movement > move or cause to move forward or advance [verb (transitive)] > send forward to set forth1525 to set forward1556 to set ona1616 to send on1877 a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. i. 330 Set on your foote, And..I follow you. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) v. iii. 107 Let vs to the Field, Labio and Flauio set our Battailes on. View more context for this quotation b. To set in motion, set going. Also absol. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > cause to move [verb (transitive)] stira1023 icchec1175 wawc1290 movea1382 remble1579 rouse1582 agitate1592 act1597 to put in (also into, to) motion1597 activate1624 actuate1641 animate1646 ferment1667 to feague away1671 to carry about1680 excite1694 jee1722 bestir1813 emotion1831 to set on1855 send1864 motion1929 the world > movement > move [verb (intransitive)] > set in motion to turn a wheel1849 to set on1855 1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect i. i. 74 By what influence do we draw our first breath, or set on the first stroke of the heart? 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Set on, the order to set the engine going on board a steamer. 5. To start (a person) doing something. Cf. to set off at Phrasal verbs 2. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > cause (a person) to begin to do something launch1602 start1757 to set on1823 to start off1844 to set off1863 1823 tr. Napoleon in tr. E.-A.-D. de Las Cases Memorial de Sainte Hélène I. ii. 307 It is well known to be no easy matter to check the people when they are once set on. 1866 Mrs. H. Wood St. Martin's Eve II. xxi. 86 I have coughed a great deal lately..and the coming in from the cold air to the atmosphere of your stifling stove, has set me on now. 6. To set or appoint (a person) to do something; = , to put on 8a at put v. Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > duties > [verb (transitive)] > assign a task to a person setc1175 task1530 hight1590 taska1592 stint1844 let1850 to set on1852 society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > ordain, prescribe, or appoint > to do something ordaina1325 disponec1374 rule1448 appoint1496 awarda1538 allot1566 to knock down1759 to set on1852 1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond I. x. 228 He was set on to read Latin. 1856 Househ. Words 21 June 546/2 Frazer..set on two or three extra gangs of navvies. 7. a. intransitive. To advance, go forward. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > forward movement > move forward or advance [verb (intransitive)] wadeOE agoOE forthganga1000 forthgoOE syeOE kenc1275 to-stepc1275 vaunce1303 forthnima1325 passc1330 throc1330 forthpass1382 to pass forthc1384 to carry forthc1390 proceedc1392 to go alongc1400 to be forthwardc1430 get) groundc1436 to set onc1450 avauntc1460 pretend1481 to make way1490 advance?1507 to get forward1523 promove1570 to rid ground (also space)1572 to rid (the) way1581 progressa1586 to gather grounda1593 to make forth1594 to make on1597 to work up1603 perge1607 to work one's (also its) way1609 to pass on1611 to gain ground1625 to make its way1645 vadea1660 propagate1700 to gain one's way1777 further1789 to pull up1829 on1840 to make (up) ground1921 c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 2555 On thay set with herte stronge. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxii. 383 Loke ye sette on alle to-geder ther as ye shull here an horne blowe right high and lowde. 1605 1st Pt. Jeronimo sig. Fiii Set on to Spaine, in most triumphant measure. a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iv. 669 We set on..to th' Sea-side. View more context for this quotation 1808 W. Scott Marmion iv. iii. 189 Marmion Gave..the signal to set on. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake [verb (transitive)] > make a move for to set on1616 1616 T. Roe Embassy to Great Mogul (1899) 342 When I deliuer the Next guiftes to the Mogoll..I will sett on anew for a formall contract. c. To begin working. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)] > become active or come into operation > of a mechanism, etc. to fire up1859 start1880 to set on1889 trip1940 1889 W. Westall Birch Dene II. iii. 34 All of you to your places; the engine is setting on again. 1889 W. Westall Birch Dene II. xi. 173 Nearly an hour after the engine had ‘set on’. 8. To make an attack. Now dialect in set on at or to = attack, assail. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > attack [verb (intransitive)] to lay ona1225 assailc1325 sailc1330 assemblea1375 to fall inc1384 to fall ona1387 givec1430 brunt1440 to set (all) on sevenc1440 to ding on1487 to fall down1534 offend1540 to go on1553 to give on?1611 to let fly1611 strikea1616 insult1638 to set on1670 aggress1708 to carry the war into the enemy's camp1791 hop over1929 the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > attack with hostile words or measures fangc1320 hurtlec1374 impugnc1384 weighc1386 to fall upon ——a1398 to start on ——a1398 oppugn?1435 to lay to, untoa1500 onseta1522 wipe1523 to set against ——1542 to fall aboard——1593 aggress1596 to fall foul1602 attack1613 appugn1615 to set upon ——1639 to fall on ——1641 to lay home, hard, hardly to1650 tack1720 bombard1766 savage1796 to pitch into ——1823 to begin upon a personc1825 bulldog1842 to down on (also upon)a1848 to set at ——1849 to start on ——a1851 to start in on1859 set on at or to1862 to let into1872 to go for ——1890 swash1890 slog1891 to get at ——1893 tee1955 1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 120 Country People..read not so many Gazetts, as a Citizen, nor concern themselves where the Turk, or King of France sets on next. 1862 Mrs. H. Wood Mrs. Halliburton's Troubles III. vi. 72 His sister..set on at the wife, a-saying it was her fault. I. To lay out, display, and related uses. 1. See simple senses and out adv., int., and prep.; to lay out, spread out; to cause to project or extend; to display (a flag); etc. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > extend [verb (transitive)] > spread (something) out or open abredeeOE bredeOE stretcha1000 to-spreada1000 openOE spreadc1175 displayc1320 to let outc1380 to open outc1384 outspreada1400 spald?a1400 splayc1402 expand?a1475 to lay along1483 speld?a1500 skail1513 to set abroad1526 to lay abroad1530 flarec1550 bespread1557 to set out1573 dispread1590 explaina1600 expanse1600 dispack1605 splat1615 dispand1656 extend1676 flat1709 spelder1710 spreadeagle1829 the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > project from (something) [verb (transitive)] > cause to project or stretch forth straightc1400 protend?a1475 shoot1533 raise1568 to set out1573 project1624 protrude1638 to start out1653 penthouse1655 portend1657 to throw out1689 obtend1697 to lay out1748 bumfle1832 out-thrust1855 rank1867 society > communication > indication > insignia > standard > [verb (transitive)] > fly or hoist flags, etc. stretchc1400 to put outa1450 show1488 wear1558 to set out1573 to set up1585 to put abroad1625 fly1655 hoist1697 rehoist1765 run1815 1573 in A. Feuillerat Documents Office of Revels Queen Elizabeth (1908) 193 Setting owte & Taking in againe..sundry kyndes of Apparell. 1576 G. Pettie Petite Pallace Setting out flag of defyance. 1592 T. Tymme Plaine Discouerie Ten Eng. Lepers vii. H 2 b Olde age draweth in the eyes, setteth out the teeth. 1614 A. Gorges tr. Lucan Pharsalia viii. 331 The light That Pharus tower sets out at night. 1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper iii. 190 Let us a little set out the bounder-stones of this disquisition upon which we are fallen. 1699 G. Farquhar Love & Bottle i. 3 The Enemy approaches, we must set out our false Colours. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 141 How many [sc. pots] crack'd by the..Heat of the Sun, being set out too hastily. 1888 ‘J. S. Winter’ Bootle's Children xii. 95 The jeweller..set out some trays of pretty inexpensive brooches. 1897 C. T. Davis Manuf. Leather (ed. 2) 250 The side having been stuffed, and next ‘set out’..the next step in the process of manufacturing upper leather is that of whitening. 2. To spread (leather) on a flat surface while wet, in order that it may dry free from wrinkles. ΚΠ 1885 C. T. Davis Manuf. Leather xxiii. 423 The side having been stuffed, and next ‘set out’..the next step in the process of manufacturing upper leather is that of whitening. 1909 H. G. Bennett Manuf. Leather xxi. 261 The butts are now struck out, ‘set out’ or ‘pinned’. 1946 J. W. Waterer Leather ii. ii. 147 The butts are piled up to drain... They are ‘set out’ to remove wrinkles and smooth the grain. 1969 T. C. Thorstensen Pract. Leather Technol. v. 70 After bleaching, the bends are wrung and sent to an oil wheel... This process usually takes about one hour. The leather is ‘set out’ to smooth and dry. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > [verb (transitive)] > strikingly to set out1577 illustrate1603 to stick off1613 signalize1624 to draw out1855 spotlight1907 highlight1922 limelight1927 1577 G. Whetstone Remembraunce Gaskoigne vii Euil sets out good, as far as black dooth white. 1611 Second Maiden's Trag. (1909) v. ii. 70 The Body..drest vp in black veluet which setts out the pailenes of the handes and face. 1658 W. Sanderson Graphice 48 Light and Shadows forward, set out any Painting outwards. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > operation upon something > have effect on [verb (transitive)] > make subject to an action or influence obtain1425 subjecta1450 to put forth1482 to set out1579 expose1594 to lay (also leave) open1595 render1642 to get (also put, have, etc.) on the run1909 1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus xxiii. 404/2 That our life seemeth to be set out to Sathan [Fr. exposee à Satan]. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Exposé,..set out, put or layed open to. 5. To accompany or escort on the way. dialect. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > guidance in travel > show (the way) [verb (transitive)] > bring or take to a place leadc825 conveya1375 accompany1426 bringa1500 assist1525 associate1548 hand1590 commit1598 see1603 to set out1725 set1740 trot1888 1725 P. Walkden Diary 13 Jan. (1866) (modernized text) 7 I rose and set son John out towards the coalpit. 1805 R. Anderson Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 52 Young Susy half consenting To set me out a mile o' geate. II. To equip, fit out; to send forth. a. To fit out (a ship, fleet) for a voyage; to equip for an expedition; to send out (forces), fit out (an expedition). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (transitive)] > equip for a journey or expedition to set outa1122 a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1047 Man sette ut .ix. litsmanna scipa. 1557 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1897) II. 31 Another shippe of warre..furnished manned and victualyd and sett out to the seas by Walter Rawleighe. 1601 R. Hakluyt tr. A. Galvano Discov. World 20 I know not whether the charge of that voiage was theirs or the kings. But by whom soeuer it was set out [etc.]. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 783 (margin) The Christian princes set out a fleet for the recouerie of Tripolis. 1605 J. Stow Annales (new ed.) 1402 The Citizens of London set out 500 souldiers into Ireland, with their furniture. a1642 J. Suckling Goblins i. i, in Wks. (1874) II. 11 Why does not then the state Set out some forces, and suppress them? 1707 H. Sloane Voy. Islands I. 1 Christopher Columbus first solicited the king of Portugal to set him out. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 313 The fleet could not be set out that year. b. To equip or furnish with. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide or supply (a person or thing) with anything > equip or outfit frameOE dightc1275 fayc1275 graith1297 attire1330 purveyc1330 shapec1330 apparel1366 harnessc1380 ordaina1387 addressa1393 array1393 pare1393 feata1400 point1449 reparel?c1450 provide1465 fortify1470 emparel1480 appoint1490 deck?15.. equip1523 trim1523 accoutre1533 furnish1548 accommodate1552 fraught1571 suit1572 to furnish up1573 to furnish out1577 rig1579 to set out1585 equipage1590 outreik1591 befit1598 to furnish forth1600 fita1616 to fit up1670 outrig1681 to fit out1722 mount?1775 outfit1798 habilitate1824 arm1860 to fake out1871 heel1873 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iv. i. 114 Set out and furnished with bowes and arrowes. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Goose They set out Arrows with its Feathers. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > other wear?c1225 wear?c1225 wear?a1366 hapc1390 to-ragc1430 to make up1593 puppet1635 to set out1688 undress1818 overclothe1819 toilet1842 1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. ii. sig. Ooo/3 To set out a Child in order to go abroad, habiller un Enfant pour sortir. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > launching a vessel > launch or set afloat [verb (transitive)] > put out a (boat or ship) to put out1621 to put off1639 to set out1694 1694 tr. F. Martens Voy. Spitzbergen 128 in Narbrough's Acct. Several Late Voy. They set out their Long-boats after the Whale. ΘΚΠ society > communication > [verb (transitive)] showc1175 conveyc1386 directa1400 address1490 communicate1529 participate1531 import1565 discourse1591 tradit1657 to set out1695 trajecta1711 c1100 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. D) ann. 1052 & setton stefna ut to Lundene & man bead þa folce þider ut ofer ealne þisne norðende. 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 197 For epitaphies are..not set out till the parties bee deceassed. 1548 in Wodrow Soc. Misc. (1844) 9 This confescion was fyrste wrytten and set out by the ministers of the churche and congregacion of Sweuerland. 1560 in A. Macdonald & J. Dennistoun Misc. Maitland Club (1843) III. ii. 216 Traditiones of men sett owt to thirle the consciences of Goddis people. 1687 Bp. G. Burnet Contin. Refl. Mr. Varillas's Hist. Heresies 83 The Articles of our Religion were agreed on, and set out by Authority. 1695 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 228 The Parliament..setting out a Proclamation prohibiting the currency of half Crown. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 500 The King set out a declaration for satisfying his people. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > match or competition > take part in match or competition [verb (transitive)] > exhibit public games to set out1540 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > the staging of a theatrical production > stage [verb (transitive)] enact1430 to set out1540 to bring (a person) on or to the stage1602 to bring on1768 to get up1782 to put up1832 stage1879 to put on1885 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus Prol. sig. Bijv That same wyll we nowe sette out before you (with personages) in our play. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Comparo To sette out playes with great charges. 1579 S. Gosson Schoole of Abuse f. 11v Romulus..set out playes to gather ye fayre women together. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxvii. 635 A decree was graunted, that C. Hostilius the Pretour should vow, and set out the games and playes of Apollo. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > publishing > publish [verb (transitive)] to put forth1482 to put out1529 to set forth1535 promulge1539 to set abroada1555 present1559 to set out1559 utter1561 divulge1566 publish1573 print?1594 emit1650 edition1715 edit1727 to give to the world1757 to get out1786 to send forth1849 to bring out1878 run1879 release1896 pub1932 1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus This Arte was..wryten in our Dutch tung and first set out by him. a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) ii. f. 58 Which booke I haue in writyng, and is not yet set out in print. 1612 J. Chamberlain in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1848) (modernized text) I. 214 I hear of some verses are set out or given to some few, but not publicly sold. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > [verb (transitive)] uppec897 atewOE sutelec1000 openOE awnc1175 kithec1175 forthteec1200 tawnec1220 let witc1275 forthshowa1300 to pilt out?a1300 showa1300 barea1325 mythc1330 unfoldc1374 to open outc1390 assign1398 mustera1400 reyve?a1400 vouchc1400 manifest?a1425 outshowc1425 ostendc1429 explayc1443 objecta1500 reveala1500 patefy?1509 decipher1529 relieve1533 to set outa1540 utter1542 report1548 unbuckle1548 to set forth1551 demonstrate1553 to hold forth1560 testify1560 explicate1565 forthsetc1565 to give show of1567 denudec1572 exhibit1573 apparent1577 display?1578 carry1580 cipher1583 laya1586 foreshow1590 uncloud?1594 vision1594 explain1597 proclaim1597 unroll1598 discloud1600 remonstrate1601 resent1602 to bring out1608 palesate1613 pronounce1615 to speak out1623 elicit1641 confess1646 bear1657 breathe1667 outplay1702 to throw out1741 evolve1744 announce1781 develop1806 exfoliate1808 evince1829 exposit1882 pack1925 society > communication > information > intimation or making known > intimate or make known (something) [verb (transitive)] speakc825 areadc885 meldeOE sayOE yknowa1225 warnc1275 bekena1300 wraya1300 signifyc1325 declarec1340 to speak outc1384 discuss1389 notifyc1390 bida1400 advertise1447 notice1447 detectc1465 render1481 minister1536 to set outa1540 summonc1540 intimate1548 acquaint1609 phrase1614 voice1629 denote1660 unlade1717 apprise1817 aira1902 a1540 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 293/2 That..the declaration and setting out of his worde. 1547 Certain Serm. or Homilies Mis. Mankind sig. ***j b He is the God, whiche..setteth out his charitie and exceadyng loue toward vs. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Dico To employe his studie to set out ones prayse. ?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 374 Robert Melwene of Carnebie, That with that bischop went about, To sett his feinyeit falsett out. 1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. 77 If I should not set out to the publick view the worth of her people. 1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 545 If any more eminent matter of Valour or Policy happen, there is given a fair occasion..to set out the Authors or Inventors thereof. 1681 H. More Plain Expos. Daniel 233 Then will this Antichrist by a publick writing be exhibited or set out to the world in his colours. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > meaning of linguistic unit > mean, signify, express [verb (transitive)] tokenc888 meaneOE sayOE bequeathc1175 signifya1382 beara1400 bemeana1400 soundc1400 designc1429 applyc1450 betoken1502 express1526 conveya1568 intend1572 carry1584 denotate1597 pronounce1610 to set out1628 implya1640 speak1645 denote1668 designate1741 describe1808 enunciate1859 read1894 society > communication > expression > [verb (transitive)] abroachc1400 figure1475 express1549 unload1561 vent1602 speaka1616 extrinsicate1645 to set out1684 ventilate1823 exhibit1849 register1901 1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 4 The word art, doth set out the generall nature of Logick. 1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes iii. §53. 284 The word whereby the Evangelist setteth out consent in prayer. 1684 S. E. Answer Remarks upon Dr. H. More 41 The Kings of the Earth..calling to the Rocks and Mountains..sets out the fear of those great Men. III. To display; to extol. 12. To display (wares) for sale. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > sell [verb (transitive)] > expose or offer for sale cheapa1225 to set out13.. to put forthc1350 utter?c1400 market1455 offer1472 lovea1500 pitch1530 to set on (or a) sale1546 exposea1610 to bring to market1639 huckster1642 shop1688 deal1760 to put on the market1897 merchandise1926 13.. K. Alis. 7077 Ac theygh the marchaunt sette out his ware, In the stret. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 715/1 This felowe hath set out his marchandyse to the shewe. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Mangonner, to..set out vnto the eye sale things. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 198 All vertues become lesse prized in them, who set them out to sale. 1829 Examiner 370/1 Shop-keepers set out their goods for the purpose of attracting the gaze. a. To display to advantage, put forward to attract attention, make attractive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > be becoming to or set off becomec1314 commend1535 advancea1555 comely1573 outseta1578 countenance?1578 to set out1586 to stick off1613 to set offa1616 suit1655 to put off1700 advantage1748 approve1849 flatter1904 1586 T. Bowes in tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. Ep. Ded. sig. *vj Seeing they are sent to edifie others, and not to set out themselues. 1605 G. Chapman Al Fooles v. ii. 195 As for your mother, shee..could set out her taile with as good grace as any shee in Florence. 1619 W. Whately Gods Husbandry 102 Hee that is apt to set out himselfe, and cannot brooke another that goeth not so farre as himselfe: that man doe thou suspect, and from him be thou reserued. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. iii. 9 Mahomet..when hee set out the felicitie of his heaven, by..the delights of sense. View more context for this quotation ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > commend or praise [verb (transitive)] heryc735 mickleeOE loveOE praise?c1225 upraisea1300 alosec1300 commenda1340 allow1340 laud1377 lose1377 avauntc1380 magnifya1382 enhancea1400 roosea1400 recommendc1400 recommanda1413 to bear up?a1425 exalt1430 to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445 laudifyc1470 gloryc1475 advance1483 to bear out1485 prizec1485 to be or to have in laudationa1500 joya1500 extol1509 collaud1512 concend?1521 solemnize?1521 celebrate1522 stellify1523 to set up1535 well-word1547 predicate1552 glorify1557 to set forth1565 admire1566 to be up with1592 voice1594 magnificate1598 plaud1598 concelebrate1599 encomionize1599 to con laud1602 applauda1616 panegyrize1617 acclamate1624 to set offa1625 acclaim1626 raise1645 complement1649 encomiate1651 voguec1661 phrase1675 to set out1688 Alexander1700 talk1723 panegyricize1777 bemouth1799 eulogizea1810 rhapsodize1819 crack up1829 rhapsody1847 1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. ii. sig. Ooo/3 To set one out, or speak much to his Praise. 1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. xxix The Colours [of rival charioteers] themselves were but a Fancy; but when once a Man had taken pains to set out those of his Party, and had been at the trouble of procuring Voices for them, the Case was alter'd. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison I. viii. 39 How have you over-rated my merits!..should you not..have known something of my mind before you had set me out thus. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > ornament > trim or deck out perfurnish1375 enflourish?a1400 varnish14.. perform1420 to pick outc1429 polish?1440 trimc1516 to set out1523 trick?1532 face1542 trick1545 prank1546 tricka1555 bawdefy1562 tickle1567 prink1573 finify1586 deck1587 decore1603 betrima1616 fangle1615 beprank1648 prim1688 to garnish outa1704 decorate1782 to do off1794 dizen1807 tricolatea1825 fal-lal1845 1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell 422 O noble Chaucer, whos pullisshyd eloquence Oure Englysshe rude so fresshely hath set out. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. DDiiii Nat sette out with fayre..and fyne clothes. 1589 T. Cooper Admon. People of Eng. 56 The Libeller to set out his Pasquill, raketh all things. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. ii. ii. iii. 572 Gold and precious stones doe condescend to set out their shooes. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 205 They set out their Discourse with all sorts of Fables. a1704 T. Brown Ess. Women in 4th Vol. Wks. (1709) i. 41 They bestow..as much Times and Pains in the Art of Dissimulation, as they do in setting out their Faces. 1714 Lady Cowper Diary (1865) 36 There she was, set out in all her Airs. 1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ix. 89 It is good with Vinegar, and a fine Dish to set out a cold Table. IV. To put out for a purpose. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > lend (money) [verb (transitive)] > lend at interest lenda900 ockera1382 to set out1533 to lend out (or forth)1549 bank1567 to put forth1572 leta1605 to let outa1616 usure1620 fenerate1623 loan1740 1533 in J. W. Clay Testamenta Eboracensia (1902) VI. 8 All such goodes..shall..be sett owte to the use and profett of John Mering, Robert Mering and Nicholes Mering. 1614 B. Rich Honestie of Age (1615) 36 Euery man can call him an Vsurer that setteth out his money. 1677 A. Yarranton England's Improvem. 22 All such as..dare not set out their Moneys at interest. ΘΚΠ society > education > [verb (transitive)] > put to education > commit to a person for putc1515 to set out1575 society > education > upbringing > [verb (transitive)] > commit to the care of a nurse to set out1575 to put (out) to nurse1593 1575 G. Gascoigne Glasse of Gouernem. iv. iv. sig. Iii I thinke no mens children are thus set out. 1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. xxi. 7) 165 If the childe must be set out, let a fit nurse be looked after. c1670 A. Wood Life (1891) I. 130 Somtimes she would tell him that she would set him out to an attorney or sollicitor. 1729 P. Walkden Diary 27 Oct. (1866) (modernized text) 61 To-day we set son Henry out to school to Mr. Nabb. a. To set apart for certain treatment. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) v. v. 57 Whom you your selues shall set out for reproofe. View more context for this quotation 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 608 Thus saith the Lord, my God; yet amongst these Jewes, which I have justly set out for this slaughter, there is a flocke of mine, whom I have due care of. b. To put aside (a tenth part); to reserve as tithe. Obsolete. (Cf. set forth at sense 106, b.) ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > fixed proportion dues or taxes > [verb (transitive)] > put aside as tithe to set forth1548 to set out1548 1548 Act 2 & 3 Edw. VI c. 13 §1 Everye of the Kinges subjectes shall..devide sett out yelde and paye all manner of their prediall tythes in their proper kynde. 1654 W. Sheppard Parsons Guide vi. 19 The common course of setting out and delivering corn by the common Law, is by the tenth shock, cock, or sheaf. 1710 H. Prideaux Orig. & Right Tithes iii. 160 Men were forced to set the Tithes duly out, and pay them fully. 1736 Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 697/1 And no Quaker shall after such Notice, and before the setting out, or after such Tythe shall be so set out, withdraw or take away, or cause to be withdrawn or taken away the said Tythes. 1768 Case of Jeffry Ruffle 3 He gave him notice every time of the setting out of his tythes. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > hiring or letting out > hire or rent out [verb (transitive)] let909 hirec1384 rentc1447 to let out1526 locatec1580 wage1590 to farm outa1593 hackney1608 to set out1614 ablocate1623 job1726 to hire out1776 to set off1799 1614 B. Rich Honestie of Age (1615) 37 The Land-Lords that doe set out their liuings at those high rates. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 6 Some boyle not the Salt in their owne name but set it out to others. 1693 J. Dalrymple Inst. Law Scotl. (ed. 2) i. xvi. 135 Letting out of Lands, or setting out of Houses. V. To express in detail, to delineate, arrange, and related uses. 19. a. †To exhibit graphically (obsolete); to put down on paper in express or detailed form; to describe or enumerate expressly; to detail. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > describe [verb (transitive)] sayOE devisec1300 readc1300 to make (a) showing ofc1330 counterfeitc1369 expressc1386 scrievec1390 descrya1400 scrya1400 drawa1413 representc1425 describec1450 report1460 qualify?1465 exhibit1534 perscribe1538 to set out1545 deline1566 delineate1566 decipher1567 denotate1599 lineate16.. denote1612 givea1616 inform?1615 to shape out1633 speaka1637 display1726 to hit off1737 society > communication > writing > manner of writing > [verb (transitive)] > write out at length to write outa1400 to set out1545 extenda1639 expand1894 the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > the quality of being specific > make specific [verb (transitive)] > express in detailed form articlec1434 to set out1545 articulate1551 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > draw [verb (transitive)] writeeOE drawa1398 descrivec1400 describe1538 to draw forth1539 to set out1545 design1570 to draw out1576 detrain1587 lineate16.. linea1616 redraw1728 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. clviii Before Luthers booke was sette out a picture. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 13 There ye shall see it [pallium] set out in white with a great many of blacke crosses vpon it. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > translation > translate [verb (transitive)] setc888 wendeOE turnc1175 writec1275 drawa1325 translatea1375 expound1377 takea1382 interpret1382 transpose1390 remue?a1400 renderc1400 put?a1425 to draw outa1450 reducec1450 compile1483 redige?1517 make1529 traducea1533 traduct1534 converta1538 do1561 to set out1597 transcribe1639 throw1652 metaphrase1868 versionize1874 1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke To Rdr. sig. B I do not doubt, but many..will wonder that..I haue taken vpon mee to set out that in our vulgar tongue. 1670 S. Wilson Lassels's Voy. Italy (new ed.) ii. 232 It was hee, that set vs out the life of Sir Thomas More in English. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1649 (1955) II. 563 Dr. Crighton,..a learned Gretian, who set out the Council of Florence. 20. a. To delimit, define, mark out. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > marking > marking out > mark out [verb (transitive)] to quarter out1600 to mark out1611 point1611 to set offa1647 to set out1653 score1687 1653 E. Manlove Liberties & Customes Lead-mines Derby 48 The finder,..May have two meers met, and set out by stake. 1660 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. III. i. 5 He..first set out and limited the habitable parts of the earth. 1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding iv. iv. 286 A false Supposition, that these two Names, Man and Beast, stand for distinct Species so set out by real Essences, that there can come no other Species between them. 1727 A. Boyer Dictionaire Royal (rev. ed.) (at cited word) Every Man has his Share of Provisions and Business set out. 1847 F. Marryat Children of New Forest I. xiv. 265 If he is to work..it must not be by having work set out for him. 1870 T. Hughes Alfred the Great xv The shires and their sub-divisions..were carefully set out. b. To portion out (land) into lots. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)] > divide into shares > divide and share out > land lot1523 canton1598 to set outa1684 a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1675 (1955) IV. 57 When the Rebells were dividing their Conquests in Ireland, he was employed by them to measure & set out the Land. 1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. IV. 527 The commissioners should set out, allot, and assign unto the lady of the manor 20 statute acres of the common and waste grounds. 1893 Field 1 Apr. 486/1 My predecessor had set out a large field in allotments. c. To plan, lay out (a town, road, garden, etc.); to lay out (ground) with plants. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > [verb (transitive)] > lay out to set out1673 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > [verb (transitive)] > plan or develop to lay outc1608 to set out1673 develop1863 town-plan1911 redevelop1936 1673 J. Ray Observ. Journey Low-countries 3 The present Town having been contrived and set out all at once. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1653 (1955) III. 80 I began to set out the Ovall Garden at Says Court. 1689 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 298 To set out a Cart road according to Statute. 1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 138 A Gardener who has a Parterre or a Grove to set out. 1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 6 ii. 335 A ditch is then to be set out 4 feet wide. 1854 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 15 ii. 426 He..himself sets out his drains and his water-meads. 1893 Cornhill Mag. May 485 Every year sees another acre or two set out with narcissus bulbs. d. To mark out, lay out in a pattern or design. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > pattern [phrase] to set out1838 1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 322/1 Professor Phillips described an Odontograph, or instrument for setting out the teeth of wheels. 1861 Temple Bar 1 234 The lines of a floating battery in setting out the lines of a..fast frigate. 1891 D. Denning Art Cabinet-making 213 The sketch from which the working drawing is set out. 1892 E. Rowe Hints on Chip-carving 45 To set out the borders on Figs. 35 and 36. 21. Thesaurus » Categories » a. To arrange (a table, a room, etc.) for a meal or other purpose; to spread (a table, etc.) with ornaments, etc.; to dress (a window). b. To put out or arrange (things necessary for a meal, game, etc.), esp. on a table; to lay (a meal). ΚΠ 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas I. i. v. 41 The next step was to regale after their labours. A large table was set out in the hall. 1850 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 764/2 The room was set out for dinner. 1856 Leisure Hour 5 604/1 Is it beneath his dignity to take down the shutters and ‘set out’ the window of his establishment? 1859 ‘G. Eliot’ Adam Bede I. i. x. 193 Seth..began to..clear the small round deal-table that he might set out his mother's tea upon it. 1872 C. S. Calverley Fly Leaves 34 I see her..setting out the tea things, For a howling herd of hungry boys. 1885 J. Payn Luck of Darrells xliii The table was brilliantly set out with glass and silver. c. To arrange (objects) at proper intervals or with a due amount of display; spec. to plant out; to leave (plants) at a distance apart, by thinning (cf. single v.1 7a). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivate plants or crops [verb (transitive)] > thin out weed1544 size1660 suckera1661 single1731 rogue1764 to set out1812 flag1846 ratoon1907 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > scatter [verb (transitive)] > space out dispersea1535 stringc1650 space1712 to set out1812 to set off1850 1812 S. Edwards New Bot. Garden I. 15 Removing the plants..and setting them out in beds. 1831 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Agric. (1857) §6009 The planters differ in the number of hills to be made..some choosing to set them out..in rows of equal distances. 1847 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 8 i. 215 The plants are set out with the hoe, the distance varying from 14 to 18 inches. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. x. 285 This line [of stakes] was set out and numbered from the Trélaporte side of the valley. 1888 B. W. Richardson Son of Star II. v. 79 A commander-in-chief who cannot set out troops. 1888 B. W. Richardson Son of Star III. xii. 218 The tents..are set out in the order of a city. 1890 Jrnl. Educ. Aug. 429/2 The examples are nowhere ‘set out’, but buried in the body of the page. d. Printing. To exhaust (available type in a case, fount, etc.). ΚΠ 1888 C. T. Jacobi Printers' Vocab. Set out, to compose all the type out of a case, or to arrange and white out any particular job. VI. To put at variance. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > become at variance with [verb (transitive)] > cause (dissension) > set (people) at variance to-bear971 to cast (in) a bone1498 to set (or fall) at variancec1522 to set by the ears?1566 distract1597 to set outa1610 jarc1615 dissentiate1628 vary1795 a1610 J. Healey tr. Theophrastus Characters (1636) 51 If he be chosen Arbitrator betwixt two at difference..hee sets them out further then euer they were before. 1649 in E. Nicholas Papers (1886) I. 156 To breed differences with and set him out with the Queene his mother. VII. To start on a course; to project. intransitive. 23. a. To begin or start on a journey; to start on one's way.Set out is felt as more appropriate than set off in this sense when the journey is undertaken with some deliberation or is of an important or arduous character. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > departure, leaving, or going away > depart, leave, or go away [verb (intransitive)] > set out forthfarec888 foundOE seta1000 to go forthOE to fare forthc1200 partc1230 to pass forthc1325 to take (the) gatec1330 to take the wayc1330 to take one's waya1375 puta1382 treunt?a1400 movec1400 depart1490 prepare?1518 to set forth1530 to set forward(s)1530 busklea1535 to make out1558 to take forth1568 to set out1583 sally1590 start1591 to go off1600 to put forth1604 to start outa1626 intend1646 to take the road1720 to take one's foot in one's hand1755 to set off1774 to get off1778 to set away1817 to take out1855 to haul out1866 to hit the trail (less commonly the grit, pike, road, etc.)1873 to hit, split or take the breeze1910 hop1922 1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries iv. 24 b Thei franckly and freely sette out of the Towne. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. ii. 5 When they were ready to set out for London. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 111 Mee thou thinkst not slow, Who since the Morning hour set out from Heav'n..and ere mid-day arriv'd In Eden. View more context for this quotation a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1650 (1955) III. 13 Next morning by 4 we set out for Canterbury. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VII. lix. 215 I write this after all are gone to bed; and the fellow is to set out with it by day-break. 1829 T. Hood Dream Eugene Aram in Gem 1 118 Two stern-faced men set out from Lynn. 1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott IV. xi. 366 The Baronet..set out on his return to the North. 1886 A. Sergeant No Saint ix He set out resolutely to walk across country. 1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. v. 164 We set out together for the base of the Buet,—I on muleback, he walking. b. const. infinitive. To begin one's career or start off with the object of doing something; to lay oneself out (to do). ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > intend [verb] > aim to do or be intent on doing guess?c1320 to be out1887 to set out1888 1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. III. lxxxix. 211 It..accomplished much of what it set out to do. 1893 Harper's Mag. Jan. 313/2 Did he..deliberately set out to be a tyrant? 1897 Bookman Jan. 126/1 The..stories..don't set out to prove anything. c. elliptical. ΚΠ 1744 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. 12 June (1966) II. 331 A new Vice Legate,..Young, rich, and handsome, and setts out in a greater Figure than ever has been known here. 1798 Geraldina I. 191 Nor would I set out a Reformer. 24. To start on a certain course; to begin or start off (with or by doing something). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)] beginc1000 onginOE aginOE ginc1175 to go tillc1175 to take onc1175 comsea1225 fanga1225 to go toc1275 i-ginc1275 commencec1320 to get (also get down, go, go adown, set, set down) to workc1400 to lay to one's hand(sc1405 to put to one's hand (also hands)c1410 to set toc1425 standa1450 to make to1563 to fall to it1570 to start out1574 to fall to1577 to run upon ——1581 to break off1591 start1607 to set in1608 to set to one's hands1611 to put toa1616 to fall ona1625 in1633 to fall aboard1642 auspicatea1670 to set out1693 to enter (into) the fray1698 open1708 to start in1737 inchoate1767 to set off1774 go1780 start1785 to on with1843 to kick off1857 to start in on1859 to steam up1860 to push off1909 to cut loose1923 to get (also put) the show on the road1941 to get one's arse in gear1948 1693 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §93 (1699) 151 A young Gentleman, who gets this one Qualification from his Governour, sets out with great Advantage. 1694 F. Atterbury Christian Relig. Increas'd 10 But now, when Christianity set out, how weak and defenceless was it..! 1753 W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty xi. 89 The two general ideas we sat out with at the beginning of this chapter. 1770 P. Luckombe Conc. Hist. Printing 247 Every Printer ought to consult with himself about the scope and nature of the business which he sets out for. 1829 C. Lamb Let. 30 Nov. (1935) III. 235 Life opened upon him with comparative brilliancy. He set out as a rider or traveller for a wholesale house. 1853 J. Napier Man. Dyeing 261 If we start with a protosalt of iron..and if we set out with a persalt. 1884 G. Allen Philistia III. 22 He set out by admiring his niece's fat arms. 25. To project. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > projection or prominence > project or be prominent [verb (intransitive)] tootc897 shootc1000 to come outOE abuta1250 to stand outc1330 steek?c1335 risea1398 jutty14.. proferc1400 strutc1405 to stick upa1500 issuec1515 butt1523 to stick outc1540 jut1565 to run out1565 jet1593 gag1599 poke1599 proke1600 boke1601 prosiliate1601 relish1611 shoulder1611 to stand offa1616 protrude1704 push1710 projecta1712 protend1726 outstand1755 shove1850 outjut1851 extrude1852 bracket1855 to corbel out1861 to set out1892 pier1951 1892 Black & White 11 June 758/1 I have observed..that several of the new skirts..show a tendency towards setting out round the feet. 1892 Pictorial World 25 June 98/1 It is only cut and stiffly lined to set out round the feet. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > remain in (a place) > for a purpose to stay for ——1554 stay1570 to sit out1579 to set out1714 to sit through ——1809 society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > separation or isolation > separate or isolate [verb (transitive)] > stand aloof from > specifically a dance or game to sit out1659 to set out1815 1714 D. Manley Adventures of Rivella 40 I..saw the Person for whom she was accus'd, set the Play out. 1815 Zeluca III. 82 Not but I'd rather set out; for it's quite unfair to sing a foolish thing that nobody likes, when I could do better. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > [verb (transitive)] > across overcarrya1382 to set overc1540 to put over1569 to take over1573 traject1635 put1636 cross1804 to pass over1832 to get across1909 c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 2998 There light þai full lyfely, lept into bote, And were set ouer soundly into the same yle. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxv He was a frayde to set ouer or to geue battayl, knowynge not to what parte hys souldiers would enclyne. 1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) sig. Diiiv By that tyme the boye was sette ouer, hys Maister..hadde taken a Bote and followed hym. a1627 J. Hayward Life & Raigne Edward Sixt (1630) 61 Finding the riuer to be fordeable.., he there set ouer his horse. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] > hand over to another i-taechec888 outreacheOE sellc950 beteacha1000 areachc1000 turnc1175 handsellc1225 betakec1250 deliverc1300 beken1330 yielda1382 disposec1384 resigna1387 livera1400 to turn overa1425 deputea1440 overgive1444 quit?c1450 surrend1450 surrender1466 renderc1480 to give over1483 despose1485 refer1547 to pass over1560 to set over1585 behight1590 tip1610 consign1632 delegate1633 skink1637 to hand over1644 delate1651 to turn off1667 to turn in1822 1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. vii. 109 The vineyard of the Lorde is set ouer to the spoile. a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 460 Sorry Ascetæ they were..who could not find in their hearts to set over to Gods service any more then two times or hours in the day. 3. To make over, transfer. ΘΚΠ society > law > transfer of property > transfer [verb (transitive)] assign1297 bequeathc1305 alienc1400 analy1405 releasea1425 alienate?a1475 to make over1478 convey1495 transport1523 to put over1542 dispone?1548 design1573 pass1587 to set over1594 transfer1598 abalienate1646 attorn1649 demise1670 enure1736 to will away1773 divest1790 1594 W. West Symbolæogr.: 2nd Pt. ii. Chancerie §141 The said sherife..did..bargaine, sell, assigne, & set ouer the said lease..vnto one G. H. 1613 R. Witt Arithm. Questions 148 This Merchant hauing occasion to imploy money at 3. moneths end after he deliuer the said 300l. is desirous to sell or set ouer the said debt. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) II. 10 A covenant from the lessee, that he would not ‘assign, transfer, or set over..the said indenture of demise’. 1820 J. Gifford Compl. Eng. Lawyer (ed. 5) 660 The said A. B. hath..assigned, transferred, and set over..unto the said N. O...all that messuage. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > ignoring, disregard > ignore, disregard [verb (transitive)] > dismiss from consideration to put out of ——a1250 to lay awaya1400 to set asidec1407 to lay by1439 to lay asidec1440 to let (something) walkc1450 to set apart?1473 reject1490 seclude?1531 to let go1535 to put offc1540 to set by1592 sepose1593 to think away1620 to look over ——a1640 prescind1650 seposit1657 decognize1659 inconsider1697 to set over1701 shelf1819 sink1820 shelve1847 eliminate1848 to count out1854 discounta1856 defenestrate1917 neg1987 1701 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) II. 80 Objections..which they could by no means Sett over. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > overflow > [verb (intransitive)] > of a vessel overfloweOE runc1225 overruna1450 to run over1530 shed1601 overbrim1607 to set over1608 to well over1843 the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up space [verb (intransitive)] > be or become full > to overflowing overfloweOE to run over1530 swim1548 burst1563 to set over1608 swellc1616 to brim over1858 1608 L. Andrewes 96 Serm.: Holy Ghost (1641) (Holy Ghost ii) 609 Filled: not to hold, but to set over. 6. passive and intransitive. Salt-Manufacturing. Of the pan: To collect a crust in the process of evaporation. ΚΠ 1808 H. Holland Gen. View Agric. Cheshire 59 When a crust of this kind forms [on the surface of the brine] the salt boilers say that ‘the pan is set-over’. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) III. 744 The introduction of a very few grains being amply sufficient to clear the largest pan, and to prevent any recurrence of the ‘setting over’. 7. To kill or murder. U.S. Criminals' slang. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (transitive)] swevec725 quelmeOE slayc893 quelleOE of-falleOE ofslayeOE aquellc950 ayeteeOE spillc950 beliveOE to bring (also do) of (one's) life-dayOE fordoa1000 forfarea1000 asweveOE drepeOE forleseOE martyrOE to do (also i-do, draw) of lifeOE bringc1175 off-quellc1175 quenchc1175 forswelta1225 adeadc1225 to bring of daysc1225 to do to deathc1225 to draw (a person) to deathc1225 murder?c1225 aslayc1275 forferec1275 to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275 martyrc1300 strangle1303 destroya1325 misdoa1325 killc1330 tailc1330 to take the life of (also fro)c1330 enda1340 to kill to (into, unto) death1362 brittena1375 deadc1374 to ding to deathc1380 mortifya1382 perisha1387 to dight to death1393 colea1400 fella1400 kill out (away, down, up)a1400 to slay up or downa1400 swelta1400 voida1400 deliverc1400 starvec1425 jugylc1440 morta1450 to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480 to put offc1485 to-slaya1500 to make away with1502 to put (a person or thing) to silencec1503 rida1513 to put downa1525 to hang out of the way1528 dispatch?1529 strikea1535 occidea1538 to firk to death, (out) of lifec1540 to fling to deathc1540 extinct1548 to make out of the way1551 to fet offa1556 to cut offc1565 to make away?1566 occise1575 spoil1578 senda1586 to put away1588 exanimate1593 unmortalize1593 speed1594 unlive1594 execute1597 dislive1598 extinguish1598 to lay along1599 to make hence1605 conclude1606 kill off1607 disanimate1609 feeze1609 to smite, stab in, under the fifth rib1611 to kill dead1615 transporta1616 spatch1616 to take off1619 mactate1623 to make meat of1632 to turn up1642 inanimate1647 pop1649 enecate1657 cadaverate1658 expedite1678 to make dog's meat of1679 to make mincemeat of1709 sluice1749 finisha1753 royna1770 still1778 do1780 deaden1807 deathifyc1810 to lay out1829 cool1833 to use up1833 puckeroo1840 to rub out1840 cadaverize1841 to put under the sod1847 suicide1852 outkill1860 to fix1875 to put under1879 corpse1884 stiffen1888 tip1891 to do away with1899 to take out1900 stretch1902 red-light1906 huff1919 to knock rotten1919 skittle1919 liquidate1924 clip1927 to set over1931 creasea1935 ice1941 lose1942 to put to sleep1942 zap1942 hit1955 to take down1967 wax1968 trash1973 ace1975 1931 G. Irwin Amer. Tramp & Underworld Slang 166 Set over, to kill, probably since the victim is set over or apart. 1944 W. R. Burnett Nobody lives Forever xxii. 159 I've been trying to find you ever since you set Doc over. 1949 W. R. Burnett Asphalt Jungle xxxiii. 211 They have to set a guy over. †To carry through, bring to a conclusion. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > following up, through, or prosecution > follow up, through, or out [verb (transitive)] > to the end to go through1548 to set on1596 to set through1600 to carry through1609 to see outc1700 to follow out1762 to see through1828 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 53 A kinde of tribunall..wherein all contentions..are presently decided and set through [L. deciditur ac sedatur]. ΚΠ c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Ded. l. 339 & tale wile icc settenn to. To don ȝuw tunnderrstanndenn. Hu fele [etc.]. 1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. H ij Seynge the place..is proued to be but bastarde, and set to by sume other to Dioscorides. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > [verb (transitive)] > attach as writing to put to1396 to set toa1400 putc1436 society > communication > indication > that which identifies or distinguishes > personal identification > signature > sign (a document) [verb (transitive)] > sign one's name seta1400 to set toa1400 subscribe1415 subscribe1426 subscrive1445 firm1528 sign1599 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 6889 He..wrat þe nam, and sett to sele [Fairf. 14 sette on sel]. 1418 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 29 In the wytnesse of the wyche thynge, I haue set to my sele. c1450 Godstow Reg. 44 He made hyt stronge by settynge to of hys seele. 1464 in Archaeologia 47 192 In witnesse of the quhilk thing I haf set to my signet. 1534 Bible (Tyndale rev. Joye) John iii. 33 He that hath receaved hys testimonye hath set to his seale that God is true. 1552–3 Inv. Ch. Goods Staffords. 43 To thes presents interchaungeabli have setto our handes. 1624 Heriot Codicil to Will in Mem. (1822) App. iii. 102 In witness whereof to this..I have..set to my seal. 1829 T. P. Thompson in Westm. Rev. Jan. 199 Men must set-to their hands to being the born thralls of a proprietor of human cattle. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > treatments uniting or replacing parts > unite or replace parts [verb (transitive)] > set bones or dislocations reduce?a1425 set1572 to set together1578 to set to1598 counter-extend1656 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. i. 131 Can honor set to a leg? View more context for this quotation ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)] beginc1000 onginOE aginOE ginc1175 to go tillc1175 to take onc1175 comsea1225 fanga1225 to go toc1275 i-ginc1275 commencec1320 to get (also get down, go, go adown, set, set down) to workc1400 to lay to one's hand(sc1405 to put to one's hand (also hands)c1410 to set toc1425 standa1450 to make to1563 to fall to it1570 to start out1574 to fall to1577 to run upon ——1581 to break off1591 start1607 to set in1608 to set to one's hands1611 to put toa1616 to fall ona1625 in1633 to fall aboard1642 auspicatea1670 to set out1693 to enter (into) the fray1698 open1708 to start in1737 inchoate1767 to set off1774 go1780 start1785 to on with1843 to kick off1857 to start in on1859 to steam up1860 to push off1909 to cut loose1923 to get (also put) the show on the road1941 to get one's arse in gear1948 1611 Second Maiden's Trag. (1909) iv. i. 56 Remoue the stone that I maie see my mistres, Setto yor handes you villaines, and that nymblie. 5. Cock-fighting. To put (cocks) beak to beak. (Cf. setter-to n. 1.) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting or baiting animals > fighting between animals > fight between animals [verb (transitive)] > put cocks beak to beak to set toc1800 c1800 in Hoyle's Games Improv. (1814) 443 No persons to set-to, but those who are appointed by the masters of the match. 6. a. intransitive. To make a beginning; to get to work; esp. to begin seriously or energetically. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin action or activity [verb (intransitive)] beginc1000 onginOE aginOE ginc1175 to go tillc1175 to take onc1175 comsea1225 fanga1225 to go toc1275 i-ginc1275 commencec1320 to get (also get down, go, go adown, set, set down) to workc1400 to lay to one's hand(sc1405 to put to one's hand (also hands)c1410 to set toc1425 standa1450 to make to1563 to fall to it1570 to start out1574 to fall to1577 to run upon ——1581 to break off1591 start1607 to set in1608 to set to one's hands1611 to put toa1616 to fall ona1625 in1633 to fall aboard1642 auspicatea1670 to set out1693 to enter (into) the fray1698 open1708 to start in1737 inchoate1767 to set off1774 go1780 start1785 to on with1843 to kick off1857 to start in on1859 to steam up1860 to push off1909 to cut loose1923 to get (also put) the show on the road1941 to get one's arse in gear1948 c1425 Eng. Conq. Ireland 130 He sette to, & asked of the out-comen men that ynto the lond wer comen, howe hyt shold be of ham. 1637 S. Rutherford Lett. (1664) 189 I beseech you set to, to goe through scripture. c1830 M. M. Sherwood Houlston Tracts III. 9 The lass was at the washing-tub till it was quite late in the day, without getting anything forward, so that my wife was obliged to set to. 1847 F. Marryat Children of New Forest I. viii. 143 Edward then set to with a good appetite. 1858 R. S. Surtees Ask Mamma l. 222 He again set-to on his own account, munching and crunching. 1890 H. M. Stanley In Darkest Afr. I. v. 100 The engineer set to to repair the rudder. b. Pugilism. To begin fighting (with). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > boxing > box [verb (intransitive)] > begin or enter ring to set to1743 show1811 shape1855 1743 Broughton's Rules in P. Egan Boxiana (1812–13) I. 52 Every body is to quit the stage as soon as the champions are stripped, before they set-to. 1792 Ann. Reg. 17 These famous pugilists set-to exactly at a quarter before 3 o'clock. 1823 S. Smith Wks. (1859) II. 27/1 They [sc. poachers] take a delight in setting-to with the gamekeepers. 1863 ‘Ouida’ Held in Bondage I. vi. 133 Du Loo and his pet of the Fancy retired to the far end of the room, and there set-to, delivering from the left shoulder. c. Horse Racing. To make the final effort to get in front. (Cf. set-to n. 3.) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > horse racing > engage in horse racing [verb (intransitive)] > actions of horse to carry weight1734 to get up1840 screw1840 to come again1841 to set to1856 to wait off1856 romp1869 to answer the question1875 compound1876 to gallop to a standstill1892 nick1898 to take up1912 rate1920 1856 ‘The Druid’ Post & Paddock xii. 204 Buckle's great forte was to wait and then set-to on an idle horse. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > undergo cooking [verb (intransitive)] > burn or catch on bottom of cooking pot to set toa1610 burn1725 catch1767 to sit on1824 a1610 J. Healey tr. Theophrastus Characters (1636) 72 Then he tels you that his Sieges were blacker then broth, that's set to. a. To put (things) together; to set (a bone); to construct (a frame-work). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] somnec825 heapc900 gathera975 samc1000 to set togetherc1275 fang1340 assemblec1374 recueilc1380 drawa1393 to draw togethera1398 semblea1400 congatherc1400 congregatec1400 to take together1490 recollect1513 to gather togetherc1515 to get together1523 congesta1552 confer1552 collect1573 ingatherc1575 ramass1586 upgather1590 to muster upa1593 accrue1594 musterc1595 compone1613 herd1615 contract1620 recoil1632 comporta1641 rally1643 rendezvous1670 purse1809 adduct1824 to round up1873 reeve1876 to pull together1925 the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > treatments uniting or replacing parts > unite or replace parts [verb (transitive)] > set bones or dislocations reduce?a1425 set1572 to set together1578 to set to1598 counter-extend1656 the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > construct workOE dighta1175 to set upc1275 graitha1300 formc1300 pitchc1330 compoundc1374 to put togethera1387 performc1395 bigc1400 elementc1400 complexion1413 erect1417 framea1450 edifya1464 compose1481 construe1490 to lay together1530 perstruct1547 to piece together1572 condite1578 conflate1583 compile1590 to put together1591 to set together1603 draw1604 build1605 fabric1623 complicate1624 composit1640 constitute1646 compaginate1648 upa1658 complex1659 construct1663 structurate1664 structure1664 confect1677 to put up1699 rig1754 effect1791 structuralize1913 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 27 Feþeren he nom mid fingren & fiede on boc-felle. & þa soþere word sette to-gadere. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 715/2 And you wyll set your horses nere togyther, you have romme ynough in this stabell for two mo. 1553 T. Wilson Arte Rhetorique (1585) 6 Though a man can finde out good matter and good wordes, though hee can handsomely set them together. 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 14 Doth not he remember that the broken boane once sette together, is stronger then euer it was? 1598 G. Chapman in tr. Homer Seauen Bks. Iliades To Rdr. I haue good authoritie that the bookes were not set together by Homer himselfe. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 670 After it [sc. timber for building a fleet] was framed, and readie to be set togither. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII i. i. 46 Who set the Body, and the Limbes Of this great Sport together? View more context for this quotation ΚΠ 1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. i. 1 When hard words..Set Folks together by the ears, And made them fight. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables lxvii. 65 So Mean a Rascal, as to set other People together by the Ears, without Fighting your self. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > be friendly [verb (intransitive)] > get on (well) gree?a1513 to get in with1602 cotton1605 to hitch (also set, or stable) horses together1617 to hit it1634 gee1685 to set horses together1685 to be made for each other (also one another)1751 to hit it off1780 to get ona1805 to hitch horses together1835 niggle1837 to step together1866 to speak (also talk) someone's (also the same) language1893 to stall with1897 cog1926 groove1935 click1954 vibe1986 1685 in Verney Family Mem. (1899) IV. 344 I wonder how Sir Rich. who is boyling water & the Mayor doe, to set their horses together. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > compare [verb (transitive)] evenOE comparisonc1374 measurea1382 remenec1390 compare1509 confer?1531 to lay togethera1568 lay1577 paragona1586 paragonize1589 set1589 sympathize1600 confront1604 to name on (also in) the same day1609 collate1612 to lay down by1614 sampler1628 to set together1628 matcha1649 run1650 vie1685 to put together1690 1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 117 The Oxe, and Israell are set together, in the quantitie of ignorance. 3. Cheese-making. To prepare (the milk) for the process of coagulation by adding the rennet. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [verb (transitive)] > prepare milk for cheese beclipc1400 wella1425 earn1670 set1736 yearn1818 to set together1837 1837 Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) II. 426 The firmness of the curd, if the milk be set hot together, will be much greater than that from milk which has been set cold together. 1845 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 6 i. 107 They make their cheese ‘cold’—that is, set the milk together at a low temperature. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > [verb (intransitive)] > curdle or become curdled runeOE loppera1300 curda1398 to run togethera1398 quaila1425 trout1483 lop1570 turn1577 quar1578 curdle1586 caille1601 to set together1608 set1736 whig1756 shill1876 clabber1880 1608 A. Willet Hexapla in Exodum 215 The word is kapha, which properly signifieth the running or setting together of cheese. I. To place in a lofty position; to give notice of, and related uses. 1. a. To place in a high or lofty position; to raise to an elevated situation. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > high position > set in a high position [verb (transitive)] to set upc1290 mountc1300 erect1552 hoise1581 perch1648 pinnacle1656 spike1743 imperch1786 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > raise heave971 hevenOE onheaveOE rearOE highOE arearc1175 to set above (also aloft, high, on high)c1275 upbraidc1275 to set upc1290 lifta1300 upheavea1300 upraisea1300 upreara1300 enhancec1300 araise1303 hance1303 uplifta1340 lift1362 raisec1384 upbear1390 uphancec1390 advancea1393 haut?a1400 to put upa1400 verec1400 hainc1440 inhigh1483 elevate1497 uphigh1513 alifta1522 height1530 heighten1530 exalt1535 extol1549 sublevate1559 rouse?1567 attol1578 elate1578 vaunce1582 dight1590 higher1592 tower1596 to fetch up1612 relevate1620 screwa1625 transcend1635 stilt1649 allevate1696 stiltify1860 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3430 He sette a steorrne upp o þe lift.] c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 238/680 Þis monekes he [a whale] ladde ech-on, And sette heom up hole and sounde. c1300 Arth. & Merl. 5911 [They] sett him vp as a king, Þat er lay as a breþeling. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur viii. xli. 336 Sir Gawayne..toke the knyghtes lady, and sette her vp behynde his squyer. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Pono He sette vp a marke on the toppe of an elme for archers to shoote at. 1582 W. Allen Briefe Hist. Glorious Martyrdom sig. A4v M. Ford being set vp in the carte. 1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes v. Ded. 406 You have brought me forth into the open field, and set me up to be gazed on. 1861 C. Beard Port Royal I. 308 They..set up an inscription in the same church. 1879 M. J. Guest Lect. Hist. Eng. xxxvi. 364 [She] caused his head to be set up on the gates of York. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fowling > hunt birds [verb (transitive)] > cause birds to rise flush1450 to set up1496 spring1531 to tread up1808 walk1847 1496 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 305 To ij childer that chasit dukis in the dubbis, and set thaim vp to the halkis, ij s. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > raising > make to go up or cause to rise [verb (transitive)] > hoist heave971 lifta1300 to set upa1300 lift1362 raisec1384 weigh1421 horsea1500 hawsec1500 heeze1513 hoise1548 hoist1548 wind1577 to work upc1610 hist1707 society > communication > indication > insignia > standard > [verb (transitive)] > fly or hoist flags, etc. stretchc1400 to put outa1450 show1488 wear1558 to set out1573 to set up1585 to put abroad1625 fly1655 hoist1697 rehoist1765 run1815 a1300 Cursor Mundi 24829 Þair sail þai sett up o þair scipp. c1330 Arth. & Merl. 115 Vp þai sett sail & mast. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 16 Them, wych..wythout wynd wyl set up the sayle. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. i. 31 b [They] set vp a redde flagge. 1704 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. xvi. 599 The wind coming fair, he set up his Sails. 1790 London Comp. 144 Any waterman who sets up a sail between Lambeth and London Bridge, forfeits for each offence 5s. 3. To raise (a cry); to utter (vocal sound).to set up one's throat: see throat n. Phrases 2b. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > [verb (transitive)] > utter leadOE givec1175 tell?c1225 talkc1275 to set upa1325 to put outc1350 soundc1374 to give upc1386 pronouncea1393 cough1393 moutha1400 profera1400 forth withc1400 utterc1400 to put forth1535 display1580 vent1602 accent1603 respeak1604 vocalize1669 fetch1707 go1836 outen1951 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3717 Ðis folc ðo sette up grot and gred. 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus iv. ii. sig. Siijv Let vs begynne or set vppe a prety songe or balade. 1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. ii. 114 The whole Rout Set up their throats, with clamorous shout. 1682 J. Bunyan Holy War 160 With one voice they set up a cry that reached up to the Heavens. View more context for this quotation 1720 D. Defoe Life Capt. Singleton 222 They set up a Huzza. 1749 T. Smollett tr. A. R. Le Sage Gil Blas I. i. v. 23 Setting up my pipes, as if he had flead me. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas IV. x. x. 135 The good old man set up a roar of laughter. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth I. xi. 284 Dame Crank set up her throat, and began a horrible exclamation against Jack Hostler. 1853 N. Hawthorne Tanglewood Tales (1883) 238 Setting up her childish voice, she called him back. 1887 M. B. Betham-Edwards Next of Kin Wanted II. vii. 78 Baby..set up a yell. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > open [verb (transitive)] > a door, gate, etc. to do upOE to-thrustc1175 to weve upc1275 unshutc1315 to set upa1387 unyarka1400 to let up1400 yark upc1400 reclude?1440 dupa1549 dub1699 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 129 Whan Constantyn was i-cristened he made prisouns i-oponed,..and chirche dores i-sette up [L. aperiri]. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > a public sale > sell by public sale [verb (transitive)] > sell by auction > offer for sale by auction to set upc1535 to put up1678 to bring (also send, put up) to the hammer1828 c1535 Ploughman's Tale iii. sig. D.ii They that..sette hem vp to any sale. 1707 London Gaz. No. 4343/7 On the 4th of July..will be exposed to Sale.., 10 Bags of..Spanish Wool,..set up at 20d. per lb. 1812 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Purgatorio xiv. 64 Their flesh, yet living, sets he up for sale. 1819 W. Hazlitt Polit. Ess. 260 Let them set them up at auction, and see what they will fetch. 6. To post up (a paper or notice); to give notice of, advertise. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > publishing or spreading by leaflets or notices > [verb (transitive)] > publish by placard, notice, or bill > put up a placard, notice, or bill stickc1425 to set upc1540 to stick up1562 post1647 to put up1693 poster1938 c1540 R. Morice in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) 24 And in the night season sett upp certeyn refutacions in wrytyng on the churche dore. 1562 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. iii. 163 Peter van Duran..was licensed by the same Courte to sett vp bylles vpon postes, in suche partes of this Cytye as to him shall seame good. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) i. iii. 145 Good Cinna, take this Paper..set this vp with Waxe Vpon old Brutus Statue. View more context for this quotation 1616 R. Cocks Diary (1883) I. 122 And soe we sett up a bill in writing, that I would geve a bar of plate to him which brought the keyes. 1699 A. Boyer Royal Dict. (at cited word) To set up a Play on the Posts. 1708 Constitutions Company Watermen & Lightermen liii A Summons, to be set up at the most noted Plying~places between Gravesend and Windsor. 1779 E. Stiles Lit. Diary 1 June (1901) II. 343 I attended eveng prayers in the Chapel and set up College Orders. 1876 J. Fergusson Hist. Indian Archit. i. vi. 139 It appears unlikely that Asoka would have been allowed to set up two copies of his edicts in the dominions of such powerful kings as Aira and his father seem to have been. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > intensity of light > [verb (transitive)] > brighten brightOE polisha1382 schirka1400 sheerc1400 esclarish1546 brighten1567 to set up1588 undarken1598 embright1605 embrighten1610 resplendour1632 undarka1644 elucidate1675 vivify1791 1588 T. Kyd tr. T. Tasso Housholders Philos. f. 22 The Pewter so set vppe, the Brasse and yron works so bright. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 94 Painters to set up their colours, and to give them more beautifull light and lustre. 1615 S. Ward Coal from Altar 24 I haue heard our Marchants complain, that the set vp blewes haue made strangers loath the rich oaded blewes. 8. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > tuning or intonation > tune [verb (transitive)] > tune strings wresta1000 straina1387 string1530 to set down1565 wrench1577 to wind up1608 wind1612 to screw up1625 to set up1643 screw1657 1643 M. Newcomen Craft Churches Adversaries 25 To proceed as Musicians doe in tuning their instruments: Who straine their strings with a gentle hand, and set them up by little and little. b. Nautical. To take in the ‘slack’ of (shrouds, stays), make taut. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > build a ship [verb (transitive)] > fit out or equip > rig > secure with stays > take in slack of stays or shrouds to set up1748 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson i. viii. 80 One mizen-shroud broke,..which we knotted, and set up immediately. 1750 T. R. Blanckley Naval Expositor Salvagees..are used when a Shroud or Back Stay wants setting up. 1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxv. 274 Setting up the weather breast-backstays. 1874 F. G. D. Bedford Sailor's Pocket Bk. viii. 238 The hawser is to be set up by means of the double block tackle purchase. 9. (a) To stake: only in set up one's rest (see rest n.3 Phrases 2b). †(b) To score (so much) at cards. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play a card [verb (transitive)] > actions or tactics > score to set up1680 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > play games of chance [verb (intransitive)] > stake > type of stake to play high1640 butter1671 set up one's rest1680 to play low1735 paroli1835 to go one's pile1836 to go nap1894 parlay1895 double up1940 1680 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester (ed. 2) 76 Cribbidge... And when they have play'd out their three Cards and set up with Counters their Games in their hands. 1680 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester (ed. 2) 82 He that hath three Honours in his own hand, his partner not having the fourth sets up Eight by Cards, that is two tricks. 10. a. To place in an exalted, eminent, or superior position; to raise to power or authority; sometimes spec. to put on the throne. Also absol. ΘΚΠ society > authority > power > make powerful [verb (transitive)] to set up1387 ablec1425 fortify1470 strengthen1541 power1592 empower1643 invirtuate1650 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 41 Foure false popes þat Frederik þe emperour had i-sette up. c1480 (a1400) St. James Less 612 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 168 Þane Iosaphus þe met gert dycht, & set vpe tytus..to þe bowrde as þare oure-mane. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. v. sig. D5 All the things she did to ouerthrow him, did set him vp vpon the height of honor. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. ii. sig. N8 He maketh Kings to sit in souerainty; He maketh subiects to their powre obay; He pulleth downe, he setteth vp on hy. View more context for this quotation 1603 Ld. Cecil in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1848) (modernized text) I. 16 To dispossess his majesty and his royal issue of this crown, and to have set up the Lady Arabella Stuart. 1654 Z. Coke Art of Logick Ep. Ded. sig. a5 God hath set you up the Oracles of War. 1713 J. Addison Cato i. iv Where's the worth that sets this people up Above your own Numidia's tawny sons! 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. xiii. 297 She'll be keen for a'that can set up King James, and ding down King George. 1879 M. J. Guest Lect. Hist. Eng. xlvii. 477 Judges..were almost tools of the king, who could set them up and put them down at his pleasure. b. To appoint (an officer or functionary). ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > appoint a person to an office [verb (transitive)] > appoint (an official) appointc1460 constitute1481 constitue1489 to set up1642 1642 J. Vicars God in Mount 45 Lecturers, chosen and set up with the peoples consent. 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 109 Some were for setting up a King. 1879 M. J. Guest Lect. Hist. Eng. xxxi. 308 Two rival popes were set up. c. To appoint to or nominate for a position. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > appoint a person to an office [verb (transitive)] setc1000 stevenOE assign1297 inseta1300 stable1300 ordaina1325 instituec1384 to put ina1387 limitc1405 point?1405 stablish1439 institutec1475 invest1489 assumec1503 to fill the hands of1535 establish1548 settle1548 appoint1557 place1563 assumptc1571 dispose1578 seat1595 state1604 instate1613 to bring ina1616 officea1616 constitute1616 impose1617 ascribe1624 install1647 to set up1685 prick1788 1685 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 434 For the ensuing Parliament..very meane & slight persons..were set up. 1689 T. Rymer View Govt. Europe 40 A Mountebank was set up for Lord Chancellor. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 480 When a person was set up to be Sheriff that would not serve. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison I. xvi. 99 Supposing that he would set up his nephew when at age..as a representative for the county. 11. To make (a person) elated, proud, or vain; esp. in passive to be elated, gratified; to be proud, or ‘stuck-up’. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > take pride in [verb (transitive)] > make proud or fill with pride > elate with pride liftc1450 to set upa1529 elatea1631 erect1631 a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Fiiii Nowe she wyll laughe, forthwith she wyll frowne Sodenly set vp and sodenly pluckyd downe. 1602 B. Jonson Poetaster iv. iii. sig. G3 Come hither Cocatrice: here's one, will set thee vp, my sweet Punque; set thee vp. View more context for this quotation 1789 C. Smith Ethelinde II. viii. 189 He's not so set up with it. a1865 E. C. Gaskell Wives & Daughters (1866) I. xiv. 170 Sister thought such a message would set you up too much. 1886 J. Ruskin Præterita I. xii. 392 We were very much set up at making his acqaintance. 1893 R. Kipling Many Inventions 297 She's that set up you wouldn't know her. 12. a. †To speak highly of, extol, praise (obsolete); to put forward as a model, ‘put on a pedestal’. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > commend or praise [verb (transitive)] heryc735 mickleeOE loveOE praise?c1225 upraisea1300 alosec1300 commenda1340 allow1340 laud1377 lose1377 avauntc1380 magnifya1382 enhancea1400 roosea1400 recommendc1400 recommanda1413 to bear up?a1425 exalt1430 to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445 laudifyc1470 gloryc1475 advance1483 to bear out1485 prizec1485 to be or to have in laudationa1500 joya1500 extol1509 collaud1512 concend?1521 solemnize?1521 celebrate1522 stellify1523 to set up1535 well-word1547 predicate1552 glorify1557 to set forth1565 admire1566 to be up with1592 voice1594 magnificate1598 plaud1598 concelebrate1599 encomionize1599 to con laud1602 applauda1616 panegyrize1617 acclamate1624 to set offa1625 acclaim1626 raise1645 complement1649 encomiate1651 voguec1661 phrase1675 to set out1688 Alexander1700 talk1723 panegyricize1777 bemouth1799 eulogizea1810 rhapsodize1819 crack up1829 rhapsody1847 the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > majesty, glory, or grandeur > exaltation or glorification > exalt or glorify [verb (transitive)] heavec825 higheOE brightenOE clarifya1340 glorifya1340 enhancec1374 stellifyc1384 biga1400 exalt?a1400 raisea1400 shrinea1400 to bear up?a1425 enhighc1440 erect?a1475 assumec1503 amount1523 dignifya1530 to set up1535 extol1545 enthronize1547 augment1567 sublimate?1567 sublime1568 assumptc1571 begoda1576 royalize1589 suscitate1598 swell1601 consecrate1605 realize1611 reara1616 sphere1615 ingreata1620 superexalta1626 soara1627 ascend1628 rise1628 embroider1629 apotheose1632 grandize1640 engreaten1641 engrandizea1652 mount1651 intronificate1653 magnificent1656 superposit1661 grandify1665 heroify1677 apotheosize1695 enthrone1699 aggrandize1702 pantheonize1801 hoist1814 princify1847 queen1880 heroize1887 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Song Three Children 63 O ye spretes and soules of the righteous, speake good of ye Lorde: prayse him, and set him vp for euer. b. dialect (esp. Scottish) in ironical or contemptuous use. ΚΠ 1823 W. Scott St. Ronan's Well I. ii. 50 Set him up for confectioner! 1829 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (new ed.) (at cited word) She rides in a coach—set her up, indeed! 1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona xi. 126 Which makes me the keener for your company, Mr. David Balfour of the Shaws, and set ye up! II. To place in an upright position, and related uses. 13. a. To place in an erect position; to set or stand upright; to erect (an image, statue); to raise (a standard). ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > vertical position > make vertical [verb (transitive)] > make upright or erect rearOE rightOE to set upa1225 raisea1250 upreara1300 risea1400 to dress upc1400 stand?a1425 upsetc1440 dress1490 to stick up1528 arrect1530 erect1557 prick1566 upright1590 mounta1616 the world > space > relative position > vertical position > make vertical [verb (transitive)] > make upright or erect > a structure areara800 to set upa1225 to bring up1297 biga1400 seta1400 erect1417 hainc1440 rect?a1475 to fix up1569 uptower1848 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > statuary > [verb (transitive)] > erect a statue to set upa1225 erect1570 rect1638 a1225 Leg. Kath. 1468 Me schal..setten hit [an ymage] on heh up. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13598 Þa lette he sette up þene drake heremærken unimake. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 1746 A Chese [= chessboard] þere was I-brouȝt forth..The meyne were I-set vp. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxii. 215 She fell downe in a transe... Than Huon..set her vp, and comfortyd her. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 716/1 Set up this ladder agaynst the wall. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) ii. i. 2 We must not make a scar-crow of the Law, Setting it vp to feare the Birds of prey. View more context for this quotation 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §435 It hath beene knowne, that a Fruit-Tree hath beene blowne vp (almost) by the Roots, and set vp againe, and the next yeare bare exceedingly. 1685 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) IV. 449 Certaine Intelligence of the Duke of Monmoths..having set up his standart, as K. of England. 1707 S. Sewall Diary 7 Aug. (1973) I. 571 Peter Weare set up the Stone Post to shew a Mile from the Town-House ends. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth I. xii. 316 In less than a minute, by setting up his moustaches and his hair, he seemed a different person. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 359 Palisades were set up, and a pleasant garden laid out. 1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days ii. viii. 387 Old Bailey gravely sets up the middle stump again and puts the bails on. 1879 M. J. Guest Lect. Hist. Eng. xxiii. 234 A beautiful monument was set up. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > beautify (the hair) [verb (transitive)] > cut shearc897 shavec1320 topc1330 dockc1386 clipc1405 pollc1450 roundc1450 coll1483 cow?1507 not1530 trim1530 tonse1555 benotte1594 decurtate1599 scissora1625 to set upa1625 tonsure1793 a1625 J. Fletcher Wild-goose Chase (1652) ii. iii. 21 Let me set my Beard up. a1625 J. Fletcher Humorous Lieut. iv. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Rrr4v/1 She hates curl'd heads too, And setting up of beards she sweares, is Idolatrie. c. To ‘erect’ (lines) in a plan. ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > drawing lines > draw lines [verb (transitive)] to set up1731 1731 W. Halfpenny Perspective made Easy 24 To draw the Steps, first draw their Plan.., then set up their intended Heights..from G, on the Line G g. 1830 P. Hedderwick Treat. Marine Archit. 247 Set up the tangent-lines at the exact half-breadth of the midship-frame, on each side of the centre-line. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > revolve or rotate [verb (transitive)] > spin > set spinning to set upa1616 birl1724 pirl1791 a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iv. v. 154 He turn'd me about with his finger and his thumbe, as one would set vp a Top. View more context for this quotation 1649 R. Lovelace Loose Saraband in Lucasta 27 Then as a Top he sets it up, And pitifully whips it. 1679 J. Dryden Troilus & Cressida iii. i. 25 He's an old wooden top, set up by father Time three hundred years ago. e. to set up one's bristles: to be irate. to set up one's comb or hair: to be proud. to set one's back up, etc.: see back n.1 24f. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > be proud [verb (intransitive)] proudOE pride?c1225 to set up one's comb or hair1528 to hold up one's nose1579 plume1685 superbiate1785 erect one's crest1796 the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > become angry wrethec900 wrothc975 abelghec1300 to move one's blood (also mood)c1330 to peck moodc1330 gremec1460 to take firea1513 fumec1522 sourdc1540 spitec1560 to set up the heckle1601 fire1604 exasperate1659 to fire up1779 to flash up1822 to get one's dander up1831 to fly (occasionally jump, etc.) off (at) the handle1832 to have (also get) one's monkey up1833 to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837 rile1837 to go off the handle1839 to flare up1840 to set one's back up1845 to run hot1855 to wax up1859 to get one's rag out1862 blow1871 to get (also have) the pricker1871 to turn up rough1872 to get the needle1874 to blaze up1878 to get wet1898 spunk1898 to see red1901 to go crook1911 to get ignorant1913 to hit the ceiling1914 to hit the roof1921 to blow one's top1928 to lose one's rag1928 to lose one's haira1930 to go up in smoke1933 hackle1935 to have, get a cob on1937 to pop (also blow) one's cork1938 to go hostile1941 to go sparec1942 to do one's bun1944 to lose one's wool1944 to blow one's stack1947 to go (also do) one's (also a) dingerc1950 rear1953 to get on ignorant1956 to go through the roof1958 to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964 to lose ita1969 to blow a gasket1975 to throw a wobbler1985 1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. xlvijv Then fume we and rage and sett vp the bristels. ?1533 W. Tyndale Expos. Mathew vi. f. lxiv If it moue the to set vp thy combe when thou geuest thy brother a ferthynge or an halfepennye. 1576 G. Gascoigne Droomme of Doomes Day in Wks. (1910) II. 251 Men thus advaunced..hould up theyr heads, set up their heare, shew theyr pryde. 1845 B. Disraeli Sybil I. i. iii. 27 But the other great whig families..set up their backs against this claim of the Egremonts. 1886 W. Besant Children of Gibeon I. i. ix. 198 I hear you've been to see my mother and you've set her back up. f. U.S. To put (drink, etc.) before customers for their consumption; hence, to ‘treat’ to (drinks, cigars). Also in to set them up, to provide free drinks. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > providing or serving drink > [verb (transitive)] birleOE drenchc1000 shenchOE adrenchc1275 to drink to1297 tap1401 skinkc1405 propinec1450 brince?1567 liquor1575 to do right1600 dram1770 butler1826 jerk1868 to set up1880 drink1883 bartend1948 to break out1962 1880 A. A. Hayes in Harper's Mag. Jan. 209/1 You bet he lived high; always set up the drinks. 1883 A. E. Sweet & J. A. Knox On Mexican Mustang iii. 47 Then he swore, and cussed the ‘demmed country, you know’, but finally got into good humor, and set 'em up all round. 1884 Lincoln (Nebraska) Jrnl. Aug. A counter where the beer could be set up. 1888 Lisbon (Dakota Territory) Star 9 Nov. 2/6 Well, we must make him set up the cigars on that happy event. 1906 C. de L. Canfield Diary of Forty-Niner ix. 83 Of course, it was drinks all around; you can't do anything in this country without setting 'em up first. 1949 C. Himes Mama's Missionary Money in Crisis Nov. 305/2 He set up all the boys in the neighborhood to peanut brittle and icecream and rock candy. 1965 G. Melly Owning-up vi. 64 In exchange for a song or two from me, he was prepared to set them up all night. 14. a. To erect and make ready for use; to pitch (a tent); †to erect (a building). Cf. 60. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > [verb (transitive)] > construct workOE dighta1175 to set upc1275 graitha1300 formc1300 pitchc1330 compoundc1374 to put togethera1387 performc1395 bigc1400 elementc1400 complexion1413 erect1417 framea1450 edifya1464 compose1481 construe1490 to lay together1530 perstruct1547 to piece together1572 condite1578 conflate1583 compile1590 to put together1591 to set together1603 draw1604 build1605 fabric1623 complicate1624 composit1640 constitute1646 compaginate1648 upa1658 complex1659 construct1663 structurate1664 structure1664 confect1677 to put up1699 rig1754 effect1791 structuralize1913 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting temporarily > camping or encamping > pitch (tent or camp) [verb (transitive)] teldc725 slayc1000 to set upc1275 pitchc1325 allodgec1330 wickc1330 streeka1340 till1362 stretch1382 pick?a1400 tent1553 stenda1600 to strike up1755 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4347 Þa þet work wes up iset. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 10378 Sir Ioachim was fain and blith, And vp he sett an auter suith. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 2296 Þe powere him grauntis To sett his cite vp agayn. 1471–3 in Cal. Proc. Chanc. Q. Eliz. (1830) II. Pref. 55 The seid hous shuld have be..fully sett upp, garnysshed, and doon by the fest of the nativite of our lady Seint Mary. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. miiij/1 He made hys tentys to be sette vp there. 1523–4 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 323 Paid..for Settyng vpp of a pewe in Seint Annys chappell iiij d. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xiii. 49 Constantinople being reedified and new sette vp. 1603 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 152 When they were settinge upp the chimle pyppes and the batlement. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 247 He voutsafes Among them to set up his Tabernacle. View more context for this quotation 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 247 I made a..fram'd Door Case, and a Door.., and set it up in the Passage. 1880 Lady F. Dixie Across Patagonia Several vain attempts were made to set up the tents, but the wind was too strong. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > build a ship [verb (transitive)] to set upc1595 c1595 T. Maynarde Sir Francis Drake his Voy. (1849) 11 Settinge up more newe pinnaces. 1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 213 I oblig'd him to set up the Sloop which I had brought [in frame]. 15. To set (a trap), lay (a snare). Now dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunt [verb (transitive)] > trap > set traps setc825 teldc1000 layc1200 to set up1579 tail1770 toila1819 1579 S. Gosson Apol. Schoole of Abuse in Ephemerides Phialo f. 89 Cupide sets vpp a Springe for Woodcockes. 1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. ii. sig. Ttv/2 To set up a Mouse-trap. 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. at Set up A man ‘sets up a trap for vermin’. 16. a. To put together the parts of (a machine) and erect it in position.Merges in the sense of ‘establish, set on foot’, see to set out 26 at Phrasal verbs 2. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > put together parts (of something) and erect it to fix up1569 to set up1683 1683 Repr. Advantages Manuf. Woollen-cloath 18 We have 25 Loomes constantly imployed, and have ordered the setting up 10 more. 1751 C. Labelye Descr. Westm. Bridge 84 Three..Months were employed..by the Carpenters in new framing and setting up the Centers. 1770 P. Luckombe Conc. Hist. Printing 323 [He] ought to know as much of setting-up a Press as the Press-man himself. 1872 F. L. Pope Telegraph i. 13 In setting up the battery pure water may be used in the porous cell. 1879 M. J. Guest Lect. Hist. Eng. xxviii. 284 Flemish weavers set up their looms and taught the English to weave cloth. b. To start (a piece of work) on a loom, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > set to work upon or begin to deal with to set about ——a1300 to set upon ——1555 fall1589 to deal on, upon1597 to break up1688 begin1808 to set up1857 1857 M. Cummins Mabel Vaughan xxxiii Drawing a huge ball of yarn from her pocket, [she] commenced setting up a stocking. 1861 ‘G. Eliot’ Silas Marner v. 78 A piece of very fine twine was indispensable to his ‘setting up’ a new piece of work in his loom. c. To make the necessary interconnections and initial settings in (a computer) for the performance of a particular calculation; to do this so that the computer will solve (an equation), perform (a calculation), etc. ΚΠ 1931 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 212 459 A bus shaft is assigned to each significant quantity appearing in the equation. The several relations existing between these are then set up by means of connections to the operating units. 1948 Electronics Apr. 124/1 When combining circuit elements to form an analog computer, the first step is to set up the differential equations to be solved. 1948 Electronics Apr. 126/3 Consider setting up the computer for solving the differential equation p2y —0·2py —y = 0. 1962 MacKay & Fisher Analogue Computing at Ultra-High Speed xiii. 171 The procedure for setting up a given equation on an analyser is not difficult. 1964 G. A. Korn & T. M. Korn Electronic Analog & Hybrid Computers ii. 37 The computer is ‘set up’ for the given problem when a suitable arrangement of computing elements establishes the correct relationships between computer voltages. 17. Typography. To put (types) into the composing-stick; to arrange (type) in words or blocks of words; to put (a book, etc.) into type; occasionally said of the type (quot. 1770). Also absol. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > preparatory processes > composing > compose [verb (transitive)] set1530 compose1637 to set up1668 1668–9 J. Leigh Let. to S. Clarke (MS. Rawl. D. 398 f. 141) I Request yu giue halfe Crown a man to each Compositor when hee begins to sett it vp. 1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 180 When the Boy Sets up Letters..[he] takes the Composing-stick..in his left-Hand. 1770 P. Luckombe Conc. Hist. Printing 247 A Fount of English, which sat up about twelve sheets in 4to of the Surgeons Case, in Paris. 1818 Ld. Byron Epist. to Murray i My dear Mr. Murray, Your'e in a damn'd hurry, To set up this ultimate Canto. 1832 Hallam in Life Tennyson (1897) I. 89 The (printer's) devils are full of promise to set up immediately. 1891 Chambers's Jrnl. 16 May 319/2 The speech..was set up in an incredibly short time. 18. To place (the dead body of an animal stuffed or otherwise treated for preservation) in an erect or lifelike position. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > zoology > taxidermy > [verb (transitive)] > place animal's body in position to set up1783 1783 Ann. Reg. 1781 Nat. Hist. 64/2 These bats were kept for some time..before they were set up. 1861 Temple Bar 3 500 A nearly perfect skeleton has been obtained and is being set up. 1884 G. Allen Philistia I. 2 Where they stuffed birds or set up exotic butterflies in little cabinets. 1892 Field 30 Jan. 133/3 I am sending the skin..to be set up. 19. to be well (straight) set up: to have a stalwart, well-knit frame. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > [verb (intransitive)] to be well madea1350 to be well (straight) set upa1854 a1854 Ld. Cockburn Memorials (1856) iii. 159 Charles Hope..was tall and well set up. 1861 Temple Bar 3 53 Leotard is not straight set up, after the standard so cherished by soldier martinets. 1904 P. Burne-Jones Dollars & Democr. 53 In New York..the women..are so well ‘set up’, so excellently ‘turned out’. 20. a. To make erect and soldierly by drill. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > drill or training > drill [verb (transitive)] > make soldierly by drill to set up1865 1865 G. Meredith Rhoda Fleming i No master of callisthenics could have set them up better. 1893 Chambers's Jrnl. 10 June 364/1 When I joined the [Police] Force I was a big awkward-looking, country Johnny... Drill soon set me up. b. (See quot. 1842.) ΚΠ 1842 in R. Oastler Fleet Papers II. 134 The assault consisted in ‘setting her up’, that is, making her hold a brush above her head for an hour and forty minutes; and when her arms began to be tired, and dropped a little, he put them up again. 21. Agriculture. To earth up (root-crops). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivate plants or crops [verb (transitive)] > earth up bank1577 hill1577 mould1601 earth1658 heela1722 to set up1801 landa1806 stitch1805 soil1844 earthen1904 1801 Farmer's Mag. Jan. 52 The turnips thrive better when not set up. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > pricing > attach a price to [verb (transitive)] > set or fix price (of) loveOE prizea1325 setc1420 make1423 cheapa1464 price1471 ratify1511 to set up?1529 apprize1533 rate1599 to set down1599 pitch1624 tax1846 to charge1889 sale-price1959 society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > fluctuation in price > [verb (transitive)] > increase (prices) > raise the price of advance?a1400 dearthc1440 to set up?1529 mount1532 price1533 hoise1581 endear1603 raisea1626 to mark up1868 to price up1904 lift1907 ?1529 Proper Dyaloge Gentillman & Husbandman sig. A vj Oure fearmes sett vpp dayly more and more. ?1529 Proper Dyaloge Gentillman & Husbandman sig. A vjv And yet no hygher price was ther vp sett Than good conscyence dyd require. 1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. F3 v In setting vp a sise of Bread. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > compose (poetry) [verb (transitive)] to set up1607 compose1651 1607 Statutes in M. H. Peacock Hist. Free Gram. School Wakefield (1892) 72 Those which are able shall upon that daye sett upp verses. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play a card [verb (transitive)] > sit down to play to set up1616 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play a card [verb (transitive)] > actions or tactics > make up a side to set up1616 1616 B. Jonson Epicœne iii. vi, in Wks. I. 562 Cen...Mavis, and shee will set vp a side. Trv...and mistris Mavis, shee will sustaine her part. III. To put in operation, establish. 25. a. To put into operation; to bring into use or vogue; to establish a course or series of. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > initiate [verb (transitive)] > put into operation to set upa1400 to firk up1604 a1400–50 Wars Alex. 2135 And settes vp a sawte to þe towne sydes. 1570 G. Buchanan Chamæleon in Vernac. Writings (1892) 46 [He] socht to mak ane other change of court, and set vp new play agane. 1613 G. Chapman Reuenge Bussy D'Ambois v. sig. I4 I haue had Lotteries set vp for my death. 1622 in King James VI & I Gracious Let. to Earle of South-Hampton (title page) The present setting up of Silke works..in Virginia. a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1664 (1955) III. 376 The Lottery, which his Majestie had permitted Sir Arth: Slingsby to set up for one day in the Banqueting house at whitehall. 1685 J. Dryden Albion & Albanius Pref. sig. (b)2v When Opera's were first set up in France. 1700 J. Evelyn Diary (1955) V. 391 Some Lectures, were set up. 1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 35 All the Plays and Interludes, which..had been set up. 1847 L. Hunt Men, Women, & Bks. II. iii. 44 The numerous smaller periodical works which were set up by Steele. 1849 Notes & Queries 1st Ser. 1 33 A new post-coach had been set up which performed the journey to Bath in a single day. b. To cause (a certain condition, esp. of disease) to arise. Often passive. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > give rise to makeOE breedc1200 wakea1325 wakenc1330 engendera1393 gendera1398 raisea1400 begetc1443 reara1513 ingener1513 ingenerate1528 to stir upc1530 yield1576 to pull ona1586 to brood up1586 to set afloat (on float)1586 spawn1594 innate1602 initiate1604 inbreed1605 irritate1612 to give rise to1630 to let in1655 to gig (out)1659 to set up1851 gin1887 1851 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 12 ii. 528 Inflammation is set up in the soft tissue. 1853 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 14 i. 199 Fermentation was more readily set up. 1889 A. V. Carr Margaret Maliphant II. xxi. 122 Want of proper nourishment..had caused the accident to set up a disease. 1891 Cornhill Mag. Dec. 601 This sets up fructification. 26. To establish (a state of things, a custom, a form of government, a society, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > initiate [verb (transitive)] > found or establish > establish a state of things to set up1431 establish1600 1431 Acts Privy Council IV. 95 It alwey pourveide and seene þat..justice be set uppe and stabylysshede þere. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Chron. xix. A Whan he wente to set vp his power by the water Euphrates. 1548 H. Latimer Notable Serm. sig. C.iiiv His office is to hynder religyon,..to set vp Idolatrie. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 (1623) i. iii. 50 To plucke a Kingdome downe, And set another vp. 1640 Articles against William Archbishop of Canterbury sig. B Hee went about to subvert the Religion established in this Kingdome, and to set up Papistrie and superstition. c1710 C. Fiennes Diary (1888) 200 They have their Coales and 3 shillings pr weeke allowed to Each to maintain them,..its set up and allowed to by Mr Coleson a mercht in London. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. 52 The legislature..which was originally set up by the general consent of the society. 1820 W. Irving Little Brit. in Sketch Bk. vii. 104 Party spirit ran very high..in consequence of two rival ‘Burial Societies’ being set up in the place. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xii. 225 Though he had not taken part in setting up the new government. 1861 Macmillan's Mag. 4 371/1 He succeeded in setting up Episcopacy..in Scotland. 1890 T. F. Tout in F. Y. Powell et al. Hist. Eng. III. 151 The house of Savoy now set up a united Italy. 27. a. To set on foot, establish (a business, profession); to begin (housekeeping, life).to set up shop: see shop n., adj., and int. Phrases 8. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > initiate [verb (transitive)] > found or establish arear?a800 astellc885 planteOE i-set971 onstellOE rightOE stathelOE raisec1175 stofnec1175 stablea1300 morec1300 ordainc1325 fermc1330 foundc1330 instore1382 instituec1384 establec1386 firmc1425 roota1450 steadfastc1450 establishc1460 institute1483 to set up1525 radicate1531 invent1546 constitute1549 ordinate1555 rampire1555 upset1559 stay1560 erect1565 makea1568 settle1582 stablish1590 seminarize1593 statuminatea1628 hain1635 bottom1657 haft1755 start1824 1525 Coventry Leet Bk. 691 Euery persone that haith beene full prentise..doithe sett vp his occupacion or Craft within the same [city]. 1567 T. Harman Caueat for Commen Cursetors (new ed.) Ep. Ded. sig. Aiii To set vp houses and kepe hospitalyty. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iv. xvi. 130 b They haue also there set vp printing, not before seene in those countries. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 136 Buying pewter, brasse, and such like implements as if to set up house keeping. 1663 A. Marvell Let. 19 May in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 36 The Earle of Carlisle is going upon an Extraordinary Ambassage to Muscovy in order to setting up the English trade again there. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. p. xvii I have often wished, that certain..Instructors..would set up Schools. 1778 Ann. Reg. 1777 Characters 42/1 He returned to London and set up the small-coal trade. 1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond I. x. 236 He taught the science of the small-sword, and set up a saloon-of-arms. 1869 ‘W. Bradwood’ The O.V.H. vi The next thing we shall hear will be that you have set up house and got married. 1894 H. Drummond Lowell Lect. Ascent of Man 299 As new cells budded from the parent they moved away and set up life for themselves. b. To begin the use or practice of; to adopt as part of one's establishment, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > begin the practice of to set upa1704 a1704 T. Brown Dialogues of Dead in 4th Vol. Wks. (1720) 142 She set up a Basset-Table. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 176. ⁋8 [I] have set up a Pack of little Beagles. 1749 T. Smollett tr. A. R. Le Sage Gil Blas III. viii. ix. 158 I..bought the coach of a notary, who had set it up through ostentation, and now wanted to get rid of it. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering III. ii. 39 He had lately set up a carriage. 1854 ‘C. Bede’ Further Adventures Mr. Verdant Green (ed. 2) xi. 97 He conceived the idea of setting up a drum! 1860 J. W. Carlyle Lett. III. 63 You will have heard of my setting up a second servant. 1890 Cornhill Mag. July 45 Improved..by the short beard he had set up. c. To prepare, set in readiness (apparatus, machinery, etc.). (A more generalized application of sense 16c.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > prepare apparatus or machinery rig1797 to tune up1901 to set up1922 1922 H. D. Burghardt Machine Tool Operation II. viii. 157 Sometimes an unskilled man or boy can operate several machines after they have been ‘set up’ by a skilled mechanic. 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio viii. 142 To be able to put the disc on the turntable, locate the right groove,..and set the record up ready for playing in. 1977 P. Dickinson Walking Dead i. iii. 39 Foxe felt most fully alive..when he was setting up a new experiment. d. gen. To make preparations or arrangements for; to contrive, plot (a move, trick, etc.); to arrange (a social engagement). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > make preparations for (an event, etc.) apparelc1314 purveya1382 prevenea1522 bespeak1582 providea1616 forespeak1659 formel1673 to set the stage1937 organize1952 to set up1965 1965 P. O'Donnell Modesty Blaise vii. 83 If Gabriel or anyone else has been setting up a job from here, Paco will know about it. 1968 P. N. Corlett & J. D. Tinsley Pract. Programming iv. 66 In a game of Nim..two players move alternately and take any number of matches from one pile, the winner taking the last match. If a player can set up a winning position, he cannot lose unless he makes a mistake in a subsequent move. 1971 Daily Tel. 28 Oct. 3 (heading) Boy, 12, set up cripple's death jury is told. 1973 R. Busby Pattern of Violence vi. 104 Let's set this thing up. I'll get onto the divisional commander. 1973 Houston Chron. 14 Oct. (Suppl.) 8/4 We set up a date and a couple of weeks later Agnew and I sat down in his suite in a Chicago hotel. 1978 R. Thomas Chinaman's Chance xxii. 228 ‘Could you set it up?’ ‘No problem.’ 28. To provide (a person) with means; to place in a position of prosperity or in the way of retrieving one's fortune; to set ‘on one's legs’ again. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restoration of a person > [verb (transitive)] > to prosperity redressa1400 to set up1530 revive1560 the world > action or operation > prosperity > cause to prosper or flourish [verb (transitive)] > put (a person) in prosperous condition on one's feetOE to set upa1616 to set (a person) on (also upon) his (also her, etc.) legs1632 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 716/1 I shall than be set up agayne. 1584 T. Lodge Alarum against Vsurers 10 Thou maist haue money in thy pursse, and other necessaries to set thee vp againe. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iii. i. 10 May they not be my Oracles as well, And set me vp in hope. View more context for this quotation 1658 J. Mennes & J. Smith Wit Restor'd 25 But when a Fammily is sunck, And Titles are a fading, Some Merchant's daughter setts you up. 1729 W. Law Serious Call viii. 112 She has set up near twenty poor tradesmen that had fail'd in their business. 1811 M. Titherington Diary in Mem. (1819) 103 Job was set up again by the bounty of his friends. 1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxv. 271 We had a light, fair wind, which set us up again. 1892 Illustr. Sporting & Dramatic News 10 Dec. 446/3 He soon set us all up in funds. 29. a. To establish or start (a person) in a business or profession; transferred said of the money, stock, or outfit sufficient to equip a person. to be set up for (colloq.): to be well provided with. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > career > have career [verb (transitive)] > set person up in profession or business to set up1556 1556 in J. W. Clay North Country Wills (1908) I. 238 The same company [of mercers in London] shall deliver yerlie the said rent to one poore yong man to sett hym up that hathe nother father nor mother. 1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. xlvii. sig. H10v Two Deskes, and a quire of paper set him vp. 1679–88 in J. Y. Akerman Moneys Secret Services Charles II & James II (1851) 88 To Wm Lloyd,..bounty, to sett him up to his trade of a shoemaker. 1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 217 I was..set up in the World, made a Master. 1745 Life Bampfylde-Moore Carew 52 He expended a small Sum of Money to set her up for a retail Trader in Buckles. 1826 New Monthly Mag. 16 366 Mistress of as many branches of knowledge as would set up half-a-dozen literary hacks. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xxii. 190 He had brilliant under-waistcoats, any one of which would have set up a moderate buck. 1863 Mrs. H. Wood Verner's Pride I. v. 57 I'm set up for cotton gownds. 1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iv. xiii. 271 Now, John, if you don't fix a time for setting her up in her own house and home, and letting us walk out of it, I'll turn Informer. 1886 R. C. Praed Miss Jacobsen's Chance II. iii. 48 His father will set him up in business. b. reflexive. To constitute or establish oneself (as). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > initiating or founding [verb (reflexive)] > establish oneself rootc1400 to set up1883 1883 G. M. Fenn Middy & Ensign xxiv. 142 Dick had no intention of setting himself up as a prophet. 1891 Murray's Mag. 10 728 The Wincauntons set themselves up as judges of their neighbours. c. To bring (someone) to a position from which he may be knocked down, to make vulnerable (literal, as in Pugilism); figurative (colloquial and slang), to lead on in order to fool, cheat, or incriminate (a person); to ‘frame’. Originally U.S. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > collusion, intrigue > conspire against [verb (transitive)] > attempt to implicate job1889 frame1912 to set up1950 1950 J. Dempsey Championship Fighting x. 49 If you can land solidly with a straight left or with a left hook, you'll generally knock your opponent off balance, at least, and ‘set him up’ for a pot-shot with your right. 1956 ‘B. Holiday’ & W. Dufty Lady sings Blues xxi. 187 When I saw them running across the rooftops with my money, I knew I'd been had. Somebody had set me up. 1963 L. Deighton Horse under Water xxxi. 127 Either Mr. Ivor Batcher was double-crossing his boss or I was being set up. 1964 S. Bellow Herzog 109 Of course he understood that Tennie was setting him up, and that he was a sucker for just the sort of appeal she made. 1979 A. Price Tomorrow's Ghost ii. 23 ‘You're deliberately using them for bait, for God's sake.’ ‘Oh no we're not... We didn't set them up.’ 1981 ‘E. V. Cunningham’ Case of Sliding Pool ix. 101 He had a partner, whom he set up from the very beginning for the kill. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > put right (a wrong or loss) winc1220 righta1275 astorec1300 addressa1325 reform1405 dressc1410 redressa1413 arightc1420 refound1497 richa1500 redub1531 repair1533 to make good1569 reducec1592 remend1592 to set up1610 to get up1688 1610 Bible (Douay) II. 1 Macc. iii. 43 Let us set up [L. erigamus] the abasing of our people, and let us fight for our people. c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1851) II. 433 Whill his loissis wes set wp. 31. To bring to a proper state of health and strength; to restore to health. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > heal or cure [verb (transitive)] > restore to health healc1000 temperc1000 recoverc1330 covera1375 restorec1384 recovera1398 rectifya1400 revert1446 recruita1661 re-establish1664 to set up1686 to bring toa1796 reinstate1810 tinker1823 recuperate1849 to bring about1854 to pick up1857 to fetch round1870 re-edify1897 to pull round1900 1686 G. Burnet Let. 14 June in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) VI. 181 I am extream sorry to hear that my Lady Ranalagh has of late had ill health but I hope the season of the year will set her up again. 1727 A. Boyer Dictionaire Royal (rev. ed.) (at cited word) To set one up again..(to recover his Health). 1804 Ld. Nelson Lett. (1814) II. 63 A little of your good nursing, with ass's milk, will set me up for another campaign. 1863 J. Carlyle Let. 5 July in Lett. & Memorials (1883) III. 170 I returned from that visit quite set up. 1889 E. Lynn Linton Thro' Long Night II. ii. xiii. 200 Change is just what Estelle wants to set her up again. IV. To put away, store. 32. To put away for future use, lay up in store, store away. Obsolete or dialect. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > supply > storage > store [verb (transitive)] again-layOE to put upc1330 to lay up?a1366 bestow1393 to set up1421 reserve1480 powder1530 store1552 uplay1591 garnera1616 storea1616 revestry1624 reposit1630 barrel1631 magazine1643 stock1700 to salt down1849 reservoir1858 tidy1867 larder1904 1421 Coventry Leet Bk. 33 Þat hur hoost haue in charge that they bryng all hur fysche in-to the markett, without they sett up any fische in any othur fyschers houses. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 716/1 Go, set up this bagge of monaye, tyll I call for it. 1588 T. Kyd tr. T. Tasso Housholders Philos. f. 3 Mellons, Cytrons, and such like,..were at a wincke of his reserued and set vp. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 82 They beginne them in the midst of the broade side, making a round hole there, into which hole, when the cheese is to be set vp, they put some few drops of wine. a1732 T. Boston Memoirs (1776) ix. 230 I..refused to eat;..and the meat was set up again untasted. 1745 J. Swift Direct. to Servants 39 If your Lady orders you to set up a Piece of Meat for Supper. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 393 The corn is then set up, that is, set down in the sacks on the floor, and remains there unemptied. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > [verb (transitive)] > stable or stall stablec1380 to set upc1440 livery1837 the world > food and drink > food > providing or receiving food > feeding animals > [verb (transitive)] > fatten masteOE fatc1386 frankc1440 to set up1540 fatten1552 feed1552 cram1577 engrease1583 to raise in flesh1608 adipate1623 saginate1623 batten1638 to stall to1764 tallow1765 to fat off1789 to make up1794 higglea1825 finish1841 force1847 to feed off1852 steam1947 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal keeping practices general > [verb (transitive)] > fatten masteOE fatc1386 to set up1540 fatten1552 feed1552 forcea1571 cram1577 engrease1583 to raise in flesh1608 saginate1623 to stall to1764 tallow1765 stall-feed1766 graze1787 to fat off1789 to make up1794 higglea1825 finish1841 to feed off1852 steam1947 c1440 Alphabet of Tales 124 He went privalie into þe stabyll þer þe knightis man had sett vp her hors. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xixv For and she be rydden vpon and set vp hote. 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus v. v. sig. Bbjv The caulfe that is well fatted. i. that is set vp to be made fatte. 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 46 My Companion..sets vp his Asses in the Stable. a1713 T. Ellwood Hist. Life (1714) 21 When I..had set up my Horse at an Inn. 1768 Boyer's Royal Dict. (rev. ed.) (at cited word) To set up a coach..Dételer les chevaux d'un carrosse. V. To put in opposition. 34. a. To put into an attitude of hostility or opposition; to incite, instigate. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > motivate [verb (transitive)] > incite or instigate stirc897 putOE sputc1175 prokec1225 prickc1230 commovec1374 baitc1378 stingc1386 movea1398 eager?a1400 pokec1400 provokea1425 tollc1440 cheera1450 irritec1450 encourage1483 incite1483 harden1487 attice1490 pricklea1522 to set on1523 incense1531 irritate1531 animate1532 tickle1532 stomach1541 instigate1542 concitea1555 upsteer1558 urge1565 instimulate1570 whip1573 goad1579 raise1581 to set upa1586 to call ona1592 incitate1597 indarec1599 alarm1602 exstimulate1603 to put on1604 feeze1610 impulse1611 fomentate1613 emovec1614 animalize1617 stimulate1619 spura1644 trinkle1685 cite1718 to put up1812 prod1832 to jack up1914 goose1934 the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > oppose [verb (transitive)] > set in opposition set1297 gain-set1435 matchc1440 oppone1463 to set upa1586 oppose1600 counterpone1629 antipose1631 antipathize1667 pit1754 antagonize1849 a1586 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David (1823) vii. vi Arise, O Lord, in wrath thy self up sett Against such rage of foes. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida v. iv. 11 They set mee vp in pollicie, that mongrill curre Aiax, against that dogge of as bad a kinde Achilles. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. i. 29 Hee was skilfull enough to haue liu'd stil, if knowledge could be set vp against mortallitie. View more context for this quotation 1803 Pic Nic No. 4. 5 They set up argument against matter of fact. 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy III. v. 150 As for them that have abused your Grace's ear, and set you up against a man that [etc.]. a1845 S. Smith Elem. Sketches Moral Philos. (1850) 218 Sudden variation,..in a great scale, is most commonly either grand or sublime; it sets all the faculties up in arms. 1884 G. Allen Philistia III. xxvi. 27 The environment is too strong for you; and if you set yourself up against it, it'll crush you. 1894 J. T. Fowler in St. Adamnan Vita S. Columbae Introd. 33 This one has perhaps been set up as a rival to an earlier St. Patrick's Purgatory. b. Hunting. To bring to bay. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > hunt [verb (transitive)] > hunt down or bring to bay stallc1400 to set up1608 to run down1650 to hunt down1711 to tire down1835 to stick up1850 bail1872 the world > action or operation > difficulty > of difficulty: beset (a person) [verb (transitive)] > put (a person) in difficulty > force into a difficult situation to tie to the stake1544 fix1736 to set up1747 corner1824 to drive into a corner1861 bunker1930 to get or have (a person) by the short and curlies1948 to box (a person, esp. oneself) into a corner1955 1608 G. Chapman Trag. Duke of Byron v, in Conspiracie Duke of Byron sig. Q4 As a Sauadge Bore that (hunted longe, Assayld and set vp) with his onely eyes, Swimming in fire keepes of the baying hounds. 1747 Tricks of Town laid open (ed. 3) 31 You see, Sir, how naturally all these Beasts of Prey hunt a Country Squire, and..they seldom lose the Scent till they have set him up (as you phrase it) brought him to a Bay. 1889 Field 12 Jan. 41/3 The hounds..came up with their stag there, and set him up to bay at this well-known landmark. VI. To advance or propose. 35. To put forward (a claim, defence, a case in law). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward [verb (transitive)] laya1387 proposea1398 stirc1400 move1452 propound?1531 broach1579 start1579 moot1685 to set up1697 argument1747 1697 Mem. Trans. Savoy 123 Several Reasons engage the French King to set up anew his Title to Savoy. 1813 P. B. Shelley Queen Mab iv. 49 That apology Which kings who rule, and cowards who crouch, set up For their unnumbered crimes. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. v. 111 After setting up a vain and unjust pretence to the throne of England. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. 523 For some of the prisoners an alibi was set up. 1856 N. Brit. Rev. 26 201 The best defence is that which..has been set up by M. de Remusat. 1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xxiii. 177 Constant claims are set up to the estates of other men by..crafty persons. 1885 Law Rep.: Probate Div. 10 194 The husband sets up in bar a deed of separation. 36. To advance, propose, put forward (a theory, idea, plan). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > speculation > confirmation of hypothesis, theory > propose a theory [verb (transitive)] theorize1644 model1667 to set up1803 theorize1820 1803 Pic Nic No. 3. 2 They seem to have set up for themselves a peculiar form of trial. 1844 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters (ed. 2) I. Pref. p. xvii They are rejoiced to set up a standard of imaginary excellence. 1883 G. M. Fenn Middy & Ensign xii. 70 You set up a theory of your own. 1890 I. D. Hardy New Othello III. x. 211 You set up those false and morbid scruples between yourself and me. VII. intransitive. 37. To sit up (late at night). Now U.S., dialect or colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > state of being awake > be or remain awake [verb (intransitive)] > intentionally watchc1000 to sit upc1450 stay1526 to burn (etc.) the midnight oil1635 to set up1697 to wake it1766 to watch up1852 to wait up1855 to stop up1857 the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > bed related to sleep or rest > go to bed or retire to rest [verb (intransitive)] > stay up or out of bed during the night wakec900 to sit upc1450 stay1526 to set up1697 to wake it1766 to watch up1852 to stop up1857 1697 Countess D'Aunoy's Trav. (1706) 201 In this Season they set up till four or five a Clock in the Morning because of the heats. 1776 S. J. Pratt Pupil of Pleasure II. 208 I find the whole family..is to set up. 1822 E. Nathan Langreath I. 176 You forget, my child, how late you set up at night. 1935 R. Bass in Scribner's Mag. Feb. 122/1 The body must never be left alone for an instant until it is left in the grave. It must be ‘set up’ with. 1968 E. R. Buckler Ox Bells & Fireflies ix. 127 Neighbors took turns ‘setting up’ with the patient night after night. 38. (Originally absol. of 27.) To start in business, begin the exercise of a trade or profession.Formerly const. for, now as (with the noun connoting the occupation); sometimes also (as in quot. 1891) with simple n. complement. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > career > have career [verb (intransitive)] > take up profession or start career to begin the world1570 to set up1593 society > occupation and work > business affairs > a business or company > run a business [verb (intransitive)] > start a business to set up shop1409 to set up1593 the mind > will > intention > intend [verb (transitive)] > have as purpose or object followeOE studylOE turna1200 pursuea1382 purposec1384 to shoot atc1407 ensue1483 proponea1500 studyc1503 prick1545 tread1551 suit1560 to go for ——1568 to set (up) one's rest1572 expect1578 propose1584 propound1596 aima1616 scope1668 to set up1691 aim1821 to go in for1835 to be out for1887 to be flat out for1930 target1966 shoot1967 the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > support or encouragement > support or encourage [verb (transitive)] > support the claims of to set up1691 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 46 b My young Merchant returnes, and settes vppe fresher then euer he did. 1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 11 They had but new set up, and had not yet found out the right way of trade. 1691 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses I. 377 He set up for a writing-master. 1701 Laconics (new ed.) iii. 96 A Wit and a Beau set up with little or no Expense. 1779 Mirror No. 67 Your predecessor, The Spectator, used to be consulted in cases of difficulty. I know not if you, Mr. Mirror, set up on the same footing. 1809 W. Scott Let. 31 Jan. (1932) II. 160 Ballantyne's brother is setting up here as a bookseller. 1882 Sat. Rev. 19 Aug. 247/1 When people had set up in business. 1891 Sat. Rev. 26 Dec. 728/1 He even set up smuggler on his own account. 39. to set up for a. to set up for oneself, to start on a career on one's own account. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > initiate [verb (intransitive)] > establish > establish oneself in a career to set up for oneself1622 commence1642 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 55 He got him a Stocke, to set vp for himselfe in the world. 1701 W. Wotton Hist. Rome 268 Three of them set up for themselves, Pescennius Niger in the East, Septimius Severus in Illyricum, and Clodius Albinus in Britain. 1727 A. Boyer Dictionaire Royal (rev. ed.) (at cited word) After this Victory over Mark Anthony, Augustus had a mind to set up for himself. 1852 C. W. Hoskyns Talpa (1854) xviii. 153 No sooner is a new thought imparted, than it sets up for itself, and denies its pedigree. b. To put oneself forward as (a person of a certain kind or class), to lay claim to being (so-and-so). Also, to set up for being (so-and-so). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > pretend, dissemble [verb (intransitive)] > to be semble1542 to figure for1596 to set up for1688 to set up1889 1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. ii. sig. Ooo/2 To set up for a Reformer. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables lxvii. 66 Shall any Man..that Willfully..procures the Cutting of whole Armies to Pieces, set up for an Innocent? 1709 E. Ward tr. Diverting Wks. 206 Covetous Men commonly set up for being very long sighted. 1716 J. Craggs Let. to Pope 2 Sept. I fancy I am..setting up for a wit. 1765 S. Foote Commissary i. 13 Sim... Why he must be upwards of — Mrs. Mech. Fifty, I warrant. Sim. Rather late in life to set up for a gentleman. 1849 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 16 237/1 I do not set myself up for a purist. 1889 Harper's Mag. Mar. 557/1 I don't set up for a beauty. ΚΠ 1685 E. Stillingfleet Origines Britannicæ ii. 50 Clodius Albinus having set up for the Empire in Britain, and being beaten by Severus. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 504 Whether or no they have done well, to set up for making another kind of Figure, Time will witness. 1707 Diverting Muse i. 6 An Old Lady, who has bury'd Six Husbands and sets up for the Seventh. ΚΠ 1689 T. Rymer View Govt. Europe 4 Ahaz's Dial is no President for our time or measures; nor may the Theocracy of the Jews authorize us to set up for King Jesus. 1691 W. Nicholls Answer Naked Gospel 97 The first then that stood up for this Heterodoxy was Michael Servetus..who..set up for the Unitarian Doctrine in Europe. e. To lay claim to (a quality, virtue, etc.). Also, †to lay claim to having (a concrete possession). ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [verb (transitive)] > claim > claim to have claima1400 pretend1402 pretend1402 pretentc1425 to set up for1698 1698 J. Collier Short View Immorality Eng. Stage 226 This Spark sets up for Sense. 1699 G. Farquhar Love & Bottle ii. i. 12 Had the Landlady but a Highland Piper to joyn with 'em, she might set up for a Collection of Monsters. 1741 S. Richardson Pamela III. xxii. 127 If People will set up for Virtue, and all that, let 'em be uniformly virtuous. 1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. xv. 150 No doubt..you have known ladies set up for wit that had none. 1865 M. E. Braddon Sir Jasper xxii I suppose Pauncefort sets up for originality. 40. (absol. of ii.) To lay claim or pretend to be. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > pretend, dissemble [verb (intransitive)] > to be semble1542 to figure for1596 to set up for1688 to set up1889 1804 M. Edgeworth Rosanna v, in Pop. Tales II. 140 What more could we have, if we were to set up to be gentry? 1889 A. Sergeant Luck of House I. xxi. 286 You need not set up to be virtuous. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting temporarily > [verb (intransitive)] > at the house of another, an inn, etc. gesten?c1225 innc1390 host?c1450 bait1477 to be (or lie) at hosta1500 hostela1500 sojourn1573 to take up1607 guest?1615 to set upa1689 to keep up1704 to put up1706 lodge1749 room1809 hotel1889 dig1914 motel1961 a1689 A. Behn Adventure Black Lady 3 in Hist. & Novels (1698) Bellamora..was oblig'd to lodge..at the same Inn where the Stage-Coach set up. 1745 Life Bampfylde-Moore Carew 92 He..then rode away Post-Haste to Exeter; where being arrived he sets up at the Oxford Inn. 1770 H. Brooke Fool of Quality V. xvii. 188 On setting up for the night, I rejoiced to find..Louisa was..alive. 1780 S. J. Pratt Emma Corbett III. civ. 14 Every house where the stages set up. 1819 Lady Morgan Let. 28 Oct. in Memoirs (1862) II. viii. 116 We set up at the Nova-Yorka [Hotel], kept by an Englishwoman. 42. To punt, esp. so as to get close to waterfowl to shoot them. (Cf. sense 110.) ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > propelling boat by oars, paddle, or pole > [verb (intransitive)] > pole or punt punt1776 to set up1776 kent1820 launch1824 pole1831 the world > food and drink > hunting > shooting > shoot [verb (intransitive)] > manner or type of grousec1798 to set up1824 to shoot for the stick1834 to go to rode1838 to fire into the brown (of them)1845 set1859 hold ahead1881 hold on1881 rough-shoot1937 the world > food and drink > hunting > shooting > shoot [verb (intransitive)] > carry gun dangerously traverse1807 to set up1824 1776 C. Carroll Jrnl. Miss. Canada in B. Mayer Mem. (1845) 47 In many places the current was so strong that the batteau men were obliged to set up with poles, and drag the boat by the painter. 1824 P. Hawker Instr. Young Sportsmen (ed. 3) 343 If we can neither find a creek nor a ‘latch’, with sufficient water to set up to birds. 1882 R. Payne-Gallwey Fowler in Ireland 26 Illustr. Wexford floatmen setting up to fowl together. 43. Of a cart: To tip up. local. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > transport of goods in a vehicle > transport goods in vehicle [verb (transitive)] > of a cart: to tip up shelve1587 to set up1841 1841 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 2 ii. 178 The carts..are..larger, and with moveable bodies, so as to set up for the purpose of turning out their load at once. 44. Of a soft-nosed bullet: To expand on impact. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > discharge firearms [verb (intransitive)] > actions of bullet or shot ricochet1804 club1830 cluster1830 strip1854 upset1859 slug1875 keyhole1878 group1882 string1892 mushroom1893 splash1894 to set up1896 phut1901 pattern1904 print1961 1896 Times 16 Dec. 5/2 The metal covering at the point being made thin and the lead core slightly exposed, the result being that the bullet ‘set up’ on striking any object. 1898 Engineer 4 Mar. 216/2 A bullet should do more than make a man rub his leg some hours afterwards. Consequently efforts have been directed to causing bullets to set up on impact. Draft additions 1993 transferred. To place the action of (a fictional or imaginative work) in a particular setting. Usually in passive. Cf. lay v.1 20b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > fiction > relate or represent in fiction [verb (transitive)] > place in setting set1900 1888 H. Morley Shakespeare's Merry Wives of Windsor 12 Shakespeare sets Falstaff in the close air of a tavern; and he has set his healthy women among fields by the riverside.] 1900 Daily News 15 Aug. 6/4 The story, which is set in a middle-class milieu, succeeds in being homely. 1951 G. Greene Lost Childhood 108 The novels were now set in Cumberland; the farms, the village shops, the stone walls, the green slope of Catbells became the background of her pictures and her prose. 1989 M. Lane Literary Daughters ii. 66 Belinda, set in polite London society,..established Maria's range. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022). setv.2 transitive. To group (pupils) into sets (see set n.2 2d); also absol. ΘΚΠ society > education > educational administration > school administration > [verb (transitive)] > stream or unstream stream1957 unstream1961 set1962 1962 J. Vaizey Britain in Sixties v. 56 Some..feel that..children should be ‘setted’ for each subject. 1965 Observer 7 Nov. 4/8 Mathematics teachers consider it necessary to set after two terms. 1975 Lang. for Life (Dept. Educ. & Sci.) xv. 224 Speaking purely for English, most of us have reservations about arrangements by which pupils are streamed or setted according to ability. Derivatives ˈsetting n.2 ΚΠ 1953 Organ. Comprehensive Secondary Schools (London County Council) 14 A practicable arrangement would be to re-set only across three adjacent forms. ‘Setting’ in this way would not determine the rate at which each set would work. 1957 B. Simon New Trends in Eng. Educ. ii. 46 I will not ask the reader to follow me in the intricacies of fifth-year setting. 1973 Morrison & McIntyre Teachers & Teaching (ed. 2) iii. 126 There is reason to believe that the practise of ‘setting’— different streaming for each of several subjects—reduces these effects. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online September 2018). † setconj. Scottish. Obsolete. Though, although. Also with at (= that). Very frequent in the Sc. Leg. Saints. ΚΠ 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 345 And sett thou myhtest lust atteigne, Of every lust thende is a peine. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. i. Prol. 33 And set to þis I gif my will My wit I ken sa skant þartill That I drede saire þame till offend. c1480 (a1400) St. Machor 26 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 1 God mad hym to rest syn in france,..til honouryt be, set þare a strangere was he. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 1430 Blaym nocht the buk, set I be wnperfyt. a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 99 And set yhoue clep one erbis and one treis, Sche heris not thi wo. 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid vi. Prol. 31 Set thow think this bot sport. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2021). > see alsoalso refers to : set-comb. form > as lemmasS.E.T. S.E.T. n. also with pronunciation /sɛt/ selective employment tax. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > types of tax > [noun] > tax on businesses corporate tax1863 profits tax1903 turnover tax1920 payroll tax1924 S.E.T.1966 imputation1971 1966 Financial Times 4 May 1/1 Most Fleet Street papers seized on the payroll tax (SET) as the Budget's main news point. 1966 Observer 8 May 9/1 The main virtue of S.E.T. is that it is indirect. a1974 R. Crossman Diaries (1975) I. 508 My first reaction to S.E.T. was that in terms of farming at Prescote Manor as well as in terms of building it was absolutely unbearable. < n.1c1330n.2a1387adj.1c1050adj.21897v.1c725v.21953conj.1390 see also as lemmas |
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