shardsherdn.¹

Brit.

/ʃɑːd/,

/ʃəːd/, U.S.

/ʃɑrd/

Forms: Old English sceard, Middle English shord, Middle English schoord, (Middle English schorde, schourde), Middle English–1500s scherd(e, Middle English–1500s sherde, (1500s shered), 1500s sharde, 1500s–1600s sheard(e, 1600s–1700s Scottish shaird, 1700s dialect shoard, 1800s shord, sheard, Middle English– sherd, Middle English– shard.

Etymology: Old English sceard neuter, cognate with Old Frisian skerd (? neuter) cut, notch (West Frisian skird , North Frisian skárd , schaard , scherd ), Middle Dutch scharde (feminine), schart (schard- ) masculine, flaw, fragment (modern Dutch schaard feminine), Middle Low German schart neuter, crack, chink, modern Low German schaard potsherd, also breach, gap (e.g. in an embankment), Middle High German, modern German scharte (feminine), notch, gap, Old Norse skarð neuter (Danish skaar chink, potsherd, Middle Swedish skardh neuter, gap, chink, skardher (masculine), potsherd); substantive uses of the adjective Old English sceard , Old Saxon skard , Old Frisian skerde , Old High German (lida-)scart (Middle High German schart ), Old Norse skarð-r < Germanic *skardo- cut, notched, diminished, a participial formation on the root *skar- ( < *sker- : *skur- ): see shear v.

I. A cleft, gap.

1. A gap in an enclosure, esp. in a hedge or bank. Now chiefly dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > opening or break in continuity > in a wall, hedge, fence, dike, etc.

sharda1000

gapc1380

slopc1386

slapc1425

intermission1624

gap-stead1644

gool1664

gateway1707

break1725

smeuse1819

rent1879

a1000 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. (1848) VI. 220 Swa on ðæt lytle sceard ðæt is on burhhlinceas.

a1100 Gerefa xiii, in Anglia IX. 262 Dicsceard betan.]

c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 114 The other twayen was elle aferd, They sparyd nethe stylle ne sherd.

1471 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 107 For makyng a schorde at the wyte croste ijd.

1488 Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) 493 And be cause the dyche of that lane was faste, they brake a shard and put men over the dyche.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xlvii And he..fynde a gap or a sherde in his hedge.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 454 But here was one sharde left open which must needes be stopt up with some brambles and Bryars.

1789 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Glocestershire I. 331 Shard, a gap in a hedge; the common term.

1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea II. xvi. 322 His practised eye soon showed him a fit ‘shord’ or break in the scarped face of the bank.

figurative.1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 68 b Now for asmuch as you have stopt up a fewe shardes in these your last tedious Commentaries,..I thought good to reply.

†2. Used by Spenser for: ? A dividing water.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > body of water > [noun]

watereOE

freshlOE

openc1485

strand1513

shard1590

water body1723

drink1832

lane1835

swim1880

nappe1887

dead zone1971

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. vi. sig. R7 Vpon that shore he spyed Atin stand, Thereby his maister left, when late he far'd In Phædrias flitt barck ouer that perlous shard.

3. A gap or notch in the blade of a tool. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > [noun] > cutting part of > blade or edge of > notch in

shard1787

1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. , Shard, a gap or notch. This knife has a great shard. Glouc.

II. A fragment, and related uses.

a. A fragment of broken earthenware. spec. in Archaeology, a piece of broken pottery. Phrase: to break, etc. into sherds: to reduce to fragments, break beyond repair. Cf. potsherd n. and adj. and Old English crocsceard. Sherd is now established as the normal Archaeology spelling.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > fragment or part of

shardc1000

potsherda1325

pot-lid1404

potscarc1450

test1545

shred1616

crock1850

pan-sherd1851

tesson1858

pot-shell1865

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > break to pieces, shatter, or burst

to-breakc888

briteOE

to-shenec950

abreakOE

forgnidea1000

to-brytc1000

to-burstc1000

to-driveOE

shiverc1200

to-shiverc1200

to-reavec1225

shiverc1250

debruise1297

to-crack13..

to-frushc1300

to-sliftc1315

chinec1330

littlec1350

dingc1380

bruisea1382

burst1382

rushc1390

shinderc1390

spald?a1400

brittenc1400

pashc1400

forbruise1413

to break, etc. into sherds1426

shattera1450

truncheon1477

scarboyle1502

shonk1508

to-shattera1513

rash1513

shidera1529

grind1535

infringe1543

dishiver1562

rupture1578

splinter1582

tear1582

disshiver1596

upburst1596

to burst up1601

diminish1607

confract1609

to blow (shiver, smash, tear, etc.) to or into atoms1612

dishatter1615

vanquashc1626

beshiver1647

disfrange1778

smash1778

explode1784

bust1806

spell1811

smithereen1878

shard1900

the world > time > relative time > the past > history or knowledge about the past > [noun] > archaeology > artefacts

scyphus1722

ceraunite1814

skyphos1847

shaft-hole1852

ostracon1853

scramasax1862

shard1865

ovate1872

omphalos1884

stop-ridge1894

tsung1904

pygmy flint1907

spacer1907

dotaku1908

yuan1912

roughout1913

rostro-carinate1919

shawabti1922

racloir1923

shoe-last1927

sleeve1929

ard1931

proto-biface1967

c1000 Gl. Prud. in Germania (N.S.) XI. 398/257 Testarum, scearda.

13.. Childh. Jesus 340 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen 74 331 His pechere he brake..And Ihesu gadirde Þe skarthes [v.r. scherdys].

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job ii. 8 Job..with a sherd [a1425 L.V. schelle] scrapide awei the quyture.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xxii. 7 Who techeth a fool, as that glueth togidere a sherd.

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Ps. xxi. 16 My vertue driede as a shord [a1425 L.V. tiyl stoon].

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 151 Hayle stones i-medled with scherdes.

1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 4197 Thogh that a pot be broke smal On sherdys & on pecys ek.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 445/2 Scherde, or schoord, of a broke vesselle (P. schourde of broken vessel), testula, testa.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 208 b/2 He put not away the wodenes of his flessh with a sherde or shelle.

1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iv. v. sig. K2^v There will be, perhaps, Something, about the scraping of the Shardes, Will cure the Itch.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Hamlet (1623) v. i. 225 Shardes, Flints, and Peebles.

1656 A. Cowley Davideis ii. 60 in Poems And scarce ought now of that vast Citie's found But shards and rubbish.

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique Drain, a small Passage made for Water to run Under-ground, with dry Shards at Bottom.

1796 J. G. Stedman Narr. Exped. Surinam II. xx. 114 Several of the poor rebel negroes..had only the shards of Spa-water cans, instead of flints.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. ii. v. 125 Mirabeau's treason: wherefore his Bust..is instantly broken to sherds.

1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind viii. 217 The mutilation of the priests of Cybele was done with a sherd of Samian ware.

1877 A. B. Edwards Thousand Miles up Nile xix. 531 Fragments of black, red, and yellowish pottery, like the shards of Elephantine and Philæ.

1881 R. D. Blackmore Christowell (1882) iv He took up a shord..and went down to the river, with that for his cup.

1937 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 67 233 I could find no bronze-age sherds.

1955 Sci. Amer. July 46/3 We came upon a few fragmentary sherds of Aegean painted pottery.

1971 World Archaeol. 3 203 Many historic Amphlett sherds were recovered.

Proverbs.1678 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Prov. (ed. 2) 351 When Tom's pitcher's broken I shall have the sheards (i.e. kindness after others have done with it).1785 Fergusson's Sc. Prov. (new ed.) 34 in Select Coll. Poems Buchan Dial. Where the pig's broken let the sherds lie.

b. figurative and in figurative context.

ΚΠ

1579 J. Stubbs Discouerie Gaping Gulf sig. D5^v Which makes hym esteeme himselfe as the iron pot, and vs as the earthen crock, with whom..he weens he can dash vs into shards at hys pleasure.

1647 C. Harvey Schola Cordis xiv. 31 I'll breake it [sc. my heart] all In pieces small; Sinne shall not finde a shearde without a flaw Wherein [etc.].

1847 H. W. Longfellow Evangeline ii. i. 67 Thus did that poor soul wander..Bleeding, barefooted, over the shards and thorns of existence.

1883 D. C. Murray Joseph's Coat xxvii Love's idol..was long since broken, and the worshipper was still sorely wounded by the shards.

c. transferred. A fragment (of other material).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment

shreddingc950

brucheOE

shredc1000

brokec1160

truncheonc1330

scartha1340

screedc1350

bruisinga1382

morsel1381

shedc1400

stumpc1400

rag?a1425

brokalyc1440

brokeling1490

mammocka1529

brokelette1538

sheavec1558

shard1561

fragment1583

segment1586

brack1587

parcel1596

flaw1607

fraction1609

fracture1641

pash1651

frustillation1653

hoof1655

arrachement1656

jaga1658

shattering1658

discerption1685

scar1698

twitter1715

frust1765

smithereens1841

chitling1843

1561 J. Hollybush tr. H. Brunschwig Most Excellent Homish Apothecarye f. 39^v If the rubbel or shardes of the stone [i.e. calculus] do put the to payn.

1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Assula..a sharde of marble, or other stone.

1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. vi. i. 147 All [glasses] go one waie, that is, to shards at the last.

?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads v. 297 The hip of Anchisiades..which all in sherds it droue.

1829 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (new ed.) (at cited word) Many of the common people, in the lower parts of Newcastle, used to resort to the Quayside.., where they gathered up coals with the half of a wooden dish, called a shard.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess v. 101 What were I nigher this altho' we dash'd Your cities to shards with catapults.

1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia I. iii. xx. 376 Suddenly with huge jingle, the glass-door of his room went to sherds.

1877–8 Henley in Ballades & Rondeaus (Canterb. Poets) 77 A melon's dripping sherds.

1910 Spectator 11 June 968/1 The bark was blown clean off the stem; there were great shards and slices of bark lying twenty and thirty yards away.

d. Scottish. A remnant (of something worn or decayed).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > that which is left or remainder > [noun] > remains > after destructive agency > decayed remnant(s)

relicsc1350

ruinc1425

ruins1544

decays1582

debris1708

wreck1713

shard1786

faulturea1821

detritus1834

1786 R. Burns Poems 217 An' when the auld Moon's gaun to lea'e them, The hindmost shaird, they'll fetch it wi' them, Just i' their pouch.

1881 T. Carlyle Reminisc. II. 164 Badams..was living..in a big old rambling sherd of a house among waste gardens.

1883 A. Lang in Fortn. Rev. Dec. 846 Everything he carried was more or less broken and outworn... His tomahawk was a mere shard of rusted steel.

†5. A scale (in quot. 1390 of a dragon). Obsolete. rare. [Compare Old High German scartifedar, shellfish or tortoise.]

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [noun] > hard or protective covering > scale

shellc893

scalec1330

shard1390

squama1706

squame1877

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 68 Sche sih, hir thoghte, a dragoun tho, Whos scherdes schynen as the Sonne.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

shardn.²

Brit.

/ʃɑːd/, U.S.

/ʃɑrd/

Forms: In 1500s sharde.

Etymology: apparently cognate with sharn n.

Obsolete exc. dialect.

A patch of cow-dung. (Cf. cow-shard n.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > cow > [noun] > dung

cow-turdc1485

shard1542

cow-shard1579

cow-sharn1622

cow-dung1626

cow-clot1710

cow-dab1785

cow-flop1847

pad1895

pat1937

cow-pad1941

cow-pat1954

patty1960

cow-clap-

cow-plat-

1542 T. Elyot Bibliotheca at Bonasus In his runnynge [he] flyngeth, and shoteth forthe his sharde and dunge thre furlonge from hym.

1576 G. Pettie Petite Pallace 82 b The Humblebee..at nyght taketh no scorne to lodge in a Cowes foule sharde.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. ii. 20 They are his Shards, and he their Beetle.

1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther i. 18 Such souls as Shards produce, such beetle things As onely buz to heav'n with ev'ning wings.

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2)

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Sharn, Shard, Sharra, or Skarn, cow's dung.

Compounds

shard-beetle n. a beetle of the family Geotrupidæ, found under dung, a dor-beetle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Lamellicornia Scarabaeoidea > family Scarabaeidae > member of (dung-beetle)

sharnbudc1000

dora1450

clock1568

sharn-bug1608

dung beetle1634

grey fly1638

dunghill beetle1658

comb-chafer1712

tumble-turd1754

tumble-dung1775

dung-chafer1805

tumble-bug1805

tumbler1807

bull-comber1813

straddle-bug1839

lamellicorn1842

scarabaeidan1842

shard-beetle1854

watchman1864

scarabaeoid1887

scarabaeid1891

minotaur1918

1854 A. Adams et al. Man. Nat. Hist. 188 Shard-Beetles (Geotrupidæ).

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

shardn.³

Brit.

/ʃɑːd/, U.S.

/ʃɑrd/

Etymology: Variant of chard n.²

= chard n.² 2

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > stalk vegetables > artichokes > parts of

artichoke bottom1641

shard1685

choke1736

artichoke heart1909

1685 J. Dryden tr. Horace Epode ii, in Sylvæ sig. K8 More pleasing morsels..Than Shards [L. herba lapathi] or Mallows for the pot.

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. i. 25 With furs and woollens layer upon layer inside, like the shards of an artichoke.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

shardn.⁴

Brit.

/ʃɑːd/, U.S.

/ʃɑrd/

Etymology: Evolved from a misunderstanding of Shakespeare's use in shard-born adj.: see also quot. a1616 at shard n.²

The elytron or wing-case of a coleopterous insect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > member of (beetle) > parts of > wing-case

habergeona1637

gubernaculums1661

case-wing1686

sheath-wing?1703

elytron1774

shard1811

elytrum1816

sheath1826

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. at Shardborn Perhaps shard in Shakespeare may signify the sheaths of the wings of insects.]

1811 R. Willan List Words W. Riding Yorks. in Archaeologia 17 157 Shard, the shell or hard outward covering of the tribe of insects denominated Coleoptera.

1855 H. W. Longfellow Hiawatha xii. 164 The shining shards of beetles.

1884 Mag. Art Jan. 116 The glittering shards of insects.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

shardv.

Brit.

/ʃɑːd/, U.S.

/ʃɑrd/

Forms: Also sherd.

Etymology: < shard n.¹

rare.

a. transitive. To break into fragments. Also with off.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > break to pieces, shatter, or burst

to-breakc888

briteOE

to-shenec950

abreakOE

forgnidea1000

to-brytc1000

to-burstc1000

to-driveOE

shiverc1200

to-shiverc1200

to-reavec1225

shiverc1250

debruise1297

to-crack13..

to-frushc1300

to-sliftc1315

chinec1330

littlec1350

dingc1380

bruisea1382

burst1382

rushc1390

shinderc1390

spald?a1400

brittenc1400

pashc1400

forbruise1413

to break, etc. into sherds1426

shattera1450

truncheon1477

scarboyle1502

shonk1508

to-shattera1513

rash1513

shidera1529

grind1535

infringe1543

dishiver1562

rupture1578

splinter1582

tear1582

disshiver1596

upburst1596

to burst up1601

diminish1607

confract1609

to blow (shiver, smash, tear, etc.) to or into atoms1612

dishatter1615

vanquashc1626

beshiver1647

disfrange1778

smash1778

explode1784

bust1806

spell1811

smithereen1878

shard1900

1582 [implied in: R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil Descr. Liparen in tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis 94 With rent rocks chamferye sharded. (at sharded adj.¹ b)].

1900 A. Conan Doyle Great Boer War xvi. 269 The artillery fire..was then turned..upon..the isolated Vaalkranz... The hillside was sharded off in great flakes.

1910 Contemp. Rev. Mar. 339 The veils and filaments of queens are torn aside, their bracelets sherded on their wrists.

b. intransitive. Of a tree: To shed its bark in ‘shards’.

ΚΠ

1891 [see sharding adj. at Derivatives].

2. transitive. To notch the edge of (a tool). dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > damage or injure [verb (transitive)] > by breaking, tearing, or cutting something off

forcutc1386

shattera1513

cancel1574

snip1822

mutilate1824

shard1879

detruncate1885

nick1885

the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > condition or action of indentation of edge > indent the edge of [verb (transitive)] > notch the edge of a tool

shard1879

1879 Exmoor Scolding Gloss., in Specimens Eng. Dial. (at cited word) Thee's a shorded my knife.

1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. at Shord Zee how he've a-bin and a-shorded my plane ire.

Derivatives

ˈsharding adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > wood > [adjective] > of or relating to bark > having or shedding bark

rindeda1461

barked?a1513

barky1600

sharding1891

rough-skinned1902

1891 Nisbet Colonial Tramp I. 4 Dead, white branches and sharding trunks.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹a1000

n.²1542

n.³1685

n.⁴1811

v.1582

单词	shard
释义	shardsherdn.¹ Brit. /ʃɑːd/, /ʃəːd/, U.S. /ʃɑrd/ Forms: Old English sceard, Middle English shord, Middle English schoord, (Middle English schorde, schourde), Middle English–1500s scherd(e, Middle English–1500s sherde, (1500s shered), 1500s sharde, 1500s–1600s sheard(e, 1600s–1700s Scottish shaird, 1700s dialect shoard, 1800s shord, sheard, Middle English– sherd, Middle English– shard. Etymology: Old English sceard neuter, cognate with Old Frisian skerd (? neuter) cut, notch (West Frisian skird , North Frisian skárd , schaard , scherd ), Middle Dutch scharde (feminine), schart (schard- ) masculine, flaw, fragment (modern Dutch schaard feminine), Middle Low German schart neuter, crack, chink, modern Low German schaard potsherd, also breach, gap (e.g. in an embankment), Middle High German, modern German scharte (feminine), notch, gap, Old Norse skarð neuter (Danish skaar chink, potsherd, Middle Swedish skardh neuter, gap, chink, skardher (masculine), potsherd); substantive uses of the adjective Old English sceard , Old Saxon skard , Old Frisian skerde , Old High German (lida-)scart (Middle High German schart ), Old Norse skarð-r < Germanic skardo- cut, notched, diminished, a participial formation on the root skar- ( < sker- : skur- ): see shear v. I. A cleft, gap. 1. A gap in an enclosure, esp. in a hedge or bank. Now chiefly dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [noun] > opening or break in continuity > in a wall, hedge, fence, dike, etc. sharda1000 gapc1380 slopc1386 slapc1425 intermission1624 gap-stead1644 gool1664 gateway1707 break1725 smeuse1819 rent1879 a1000 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. (1848) VI. 220 Swa on ðæt lytle sceard ðæt is on burhhlinceas. a1100 Gerefa xiii, in Anglia IX. 262 Dicsceard betan.] c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 114 The other twayen was elle aferd, They sparyd nethe stylle ne sherd. 1471 in E. Hobhouse Church-wardens' Accts. (1890) 107 For makyng a schorde at the wyte croste ijd. 1488 Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) 493 And be cause the dyche of that lane was faste, they brake a shard and put men over the dyche. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xlvii And he..fynde a gap or a sherde in his hedge. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 454 But here was one sharde left open which must needes be stopt up with some brambles and Bryars. 1789 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Glocestershire I. 331 Shard, a gap in a hedge; the common term. 1863 A. W. Kinglake Invasion of Crimea II. xvi. 322 His practised eye soon showed him a fit ‘shord’ or break in the scarped face of the bank. figurative.1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 68 b Now for asmuch as you have stopt up a fewe shardes in these your last tedious Commentaries,..I thought good to reply. †2. Used by Spenser for: ? A dividing water. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > body of water > [noun] watereOE freshlOE openc1485 strand1513 shard1590 water body1723 drink1832 lane1835 swim1880 nappe1887 dead zone1971 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. vi. sig. R7 Vpon that shore he spyed Atin stand, Thereby his maister left, when late he far'd In Phædrias flitt barck ouer that perlous shard. 3. A gap or notch in the blade of a tool. dialect. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > [noun] > cutting part of > blade or edge of > notch in shard1787 1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. , Shard, a gap or notch. This knife has a great shard. Glouc. II. A fragment, and related uses. 4. a. A fragment of broken earthenware. spec. in Archaeology, a piece of broken pottery. Phrase: to break, etc. into sherds: to reduce to fragments, break beyond repair. Cf. potsherd n. and adj. and Old English crocsceard. Sherd is now established as the normal Archaeology spelling. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > fragment or part of shardc1000 potsherda1325 pot-lid1404 potscarc1450 test1545 shred1616 crock1850 pan-sherd1851 tesson1858 pot-shell1865 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > break to pieces, shatter, or burst to-breakc888 briteOE to-shenec950 abreakOE forgnidea1000 to-brytc1000 to-burstc1000 to-driveOE shiverc1200 to-shiverc1200 to-reavec1225 shiverc1250 debruise1297 to-crack13.. to-frushc1300 to-sliftc1315 chinec1330 littlec1350 dingc1380 bruisea1382 burst1382 rushc1390 shinderc1390 spald?a1400 brittenc1400 pashc1400 forbruise1413 to break, etc. into sherds1426 shattera1450 truncheon1477 scarboyle1502 shonk1508 to-shattera1513 rash1513 shidera1529 grind1535 infringe1543 dishiver1562 rupture1578 splinter1582 tear1582 disshiver1596 upburst1596 to burst up1601 diminish1607 confract1609 to blow (shiver, smash, tear, etc.) to or into atoms1612 dishatter1615 vanquashc1626 beshiver1647 disfrange1778 smash1778 explode1784 bust1806 spell1811 smithereen1878 shard1900 the world > time > relative time > the past > history or knowledge about the past > [noun] > archaeology > artefacts scyphus1722 ceraunite1814 skyphos1847 shaft-hole1852 ostracon1853 scramasax1862 shard1865 ovate1872 omphalos1884 stop-ridge1894 tsung1904 pygmy flint1907 spacer1907 dotaku1908 yuan1912 roughout1913 rostro-carinate1919 shawabti1922 racloir1923 shoe-last1927 sleeve1929 ard1931 proto-biface1967 c1000 Gl. Prud. in Germania (N.S.) XI. 398/257 Testarum, scearda. 13.. Childh. Jesus 340 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen 74 331 His pechere he brake..And Ihesu gadirde Þe skarthes [v.r. scherdys]. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job ii. 8 Job..with a sherd [a1425 L.V. schelle] scrapide awei the quyture. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xxii. 7 Who techeth a fool, as that glueth togidere a sherd. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Ps. xxi. 16 My vertue driede as a shord [a1425 L.V. tiyl stoon]. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 151 Hayle stones i-medled with scherdes. 1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 4197 Thogh that a pot be broke smal On sherdys & on pecys ek. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 445/2 Scherde, or schoord, of a broke vesselle (P. schourde of broken vessel), testula, testa. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 208 b/2 He put not away the wodenes of his flessh with a sherde or shelle. 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iv. v. sig. K2^v There will be, perhaps, Something, about the scraping of the Shardes, Will cure the Itch. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Hamlet (1623) v. i. 225 Shardes, Flints, and Peebles. 1656 A. Cowley Davideis ii. 60 in Poems And scarce ought now of that vast Citie's found But shards and rubbish. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique Drain, a small Passage made for Water to run Under-ground, with dry Shards at Bottom. 1796 J. G. Stedman Narr. Exped. Surinam II. xx. 114 Several of the poor rebel negroes..had only the shards of Spa-water cans, instead of flints. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. III. ii. v. 125 Mirabeau's treason: wherefore his Bust..is instantly broken to sherds. 1865 E. B. Tylor Res. Early Hist. Mankind viii. 217 The mutilation of the priests of Cybele was done with a sherd of Samian ware. 1877 A. B. Edwards Thousand Miles up Nile xix. 531 Fragments of black, red, and yellowish pottery, like the shards of Elephantine and Philæ. 1881 R. D. Blackmore Christowell (1882) iv He took up a shord..and went down to the river, with that for his cup. 1937 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 67 233 I could find no bronze-age sherds. 1955 Sci. Amer. July 46/3 We came upon a few fragmentary sherds of Aegean painted pottery. 1971 World Archaeol. 3 203 Many historic Amphlett sherds were recovered. Proverbs.1678 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Prov. (ed. 2) 351 When Tom's pitcher's broken I shall have the sheards (i.e. kindness after others have done with it).1785 Fergusson's Sc. Prov. (new ed.) 34 in Select Coll. Poems Buchan Dial. Where the pig's broken let the sherds lie. b. figurative and in figurative context. ΚΠ 1579 J. Stubbs Discouerie Gaping Gulf sig. D5^v Which makes hym esteeme himselfe as the iron pot, and vs as the earthen crock, with whom..he weens he can dash vs into shards at hys pleasure. 1647 C. Harvey Schola Cordis xiv. 31 I'll breake it [sc. my heart] all In pieces small; Sinne shall not finde a shearde without a flaw Wherein [etc.]. 1847 H. W. Longfellow Evangeline ii. i. 67 Thus did that poor soul wander..Bleeding, barefooted, over the shards and thorns of existence. 1883 D. C. Murray Joseph's Coat xxvii Love's idol..was long since broken, and the worshipper was still sorely wounded by the shards. c. transferred. A fragment (of other material). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment shreddingc950 brucheOE shredc1000 brokec1160 truncheonc1330 scartha1340 screedc1350 bruisinga1382 morsel1381 shedc1400 stumpc1400 rag?a1425 brokalyc1440 brokeling1490 mammocka1529 brokelette1538 sheavec1558 shard1561 fragment1583 segment1586 brack1587 parcel1596 flaw1607 fraction1609 fracture1641 pash1651 frustillation1653 hoof1655 arrachement1656 jaga1658 shattering1658 discerption1685 scar1698 twitter1715 frust1765 smithereens1841 chitling1843 1561 J. Hollybush tr. H. Brunschwig Most Excellent Homish Apothecarye f. 39^v If the rubbel or shardes of the stone [i.e. calculus] do put the to payn. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Assula..a sharde of marble, or other stone. 1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. vi. i. 147 All [glasses] go one waie, that is, to shards at the last. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads v. 297 The hip of Anchisiades..which all in sherds it droue. 1829 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (new ed.) (at cited word) Many of the common people, in the lower parts of Newcastle, used to resort to the Quayside.., where they gathered up coals with the half of a wooden dish, called a shard. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess v. 101 What were I nigher this altho' we dash'd Your cities to shards with catapults. 1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia I. iii. xx. 376 Suddenly with huge jingle, the glass-door of his room went to sherds. 1877–8 Henley in Ballades & Rondeaus (Canterb. Poets) 77 A melon's dripping sherds. 1910 Spectator 11 June 968/1 The bark was blown clean off the stem; there were great shards and slices of bark lying twenty and thirty yards away. d. Scottish. A remnant (of something worn or decayed). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > that which is left or remainder > [noun] > remains > after destructive agency > decayed remnant(s) relicsc1350 ruinc1425 ruins1544 decays1582 debris1708 wreck1713 shard1786 faulturea1821 detritus1834 1786 R. Burns Poems 217 An' when the auld Moon's gaun to lea'e them, The hindmost shaird, they'll fetch it wi' them, Just i' their pouch. 1881 T. Carlyle Reminisc. II. 164 Badams..was living..in a big old rambling sherd of a house among waste gardens. 1883 A. Lang in Fortn. Rev. Dec. 846 Everything he carried was more or less broken and outworn... His tomahawk was a mere shard of rusted steel. †5. A scale (in quot. 1390 of a dragon). Obsolete. rare. [Compare Old High German scartifedar, shellfish or tortoise.] ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [noun] > hard or protective covering > scale shellc893 scalec1330 shard1390 squama1706 squame1877 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 68 Sche sih, hir thoghte, a dragoun tho, Whos scherdes schynen as the Sonne. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). shardn.² Brit. /ʃɑːd/, U.S. /ʃɑrd/ Forms: In 1500s sharde. Etymology: apparently cognate with sharn n. Obsolete exc. dialect. A patch of cow-dung. (Cf. cow-shard n.) ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > cow > [noun] > dung cow-turdc1485 shard1542 cow-shard1579 cow-sharn1622 cow-dung1626 cow-clot1710 cow-dab1785 cow-flop1847 pad1895 pat1937 cow-pad1941 cow-pat1954 patty1960 cow-clap- cow-plat- 1542 T. Elyot Bibliotheca at Bonasus In his runnynge [he] flyngeth, and shoteth forthe his sharde and dunge thre furlonge from hym. 1576 G. Pettie Petite Pallace 82 b The Humblebee..at nyght taketh no scorne to lodge in a Cowes foule sharde. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. ii. 20 They are his Shards, and he their Beetle. View more context for this quotation 1687 J. Dryden Hind & Panther i. 18 Such souls as Shards produce, such beetle things As onely buz to heav'n with ev'ning wings. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Sharn, Shard, Sharra, or Skarn, cow's dung. Compounds shard-beetle n. a beetle of the family Geotrupidæ, found under dung, a dor-beetle. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Lamellicornia Scarabaeoidea > family Scarabaeidae > member of (dung-beetle) sharnbudc1000 dora1450 clock1568 sharn-bug1608 dung beetle1634 grey fly1638 dunghill beetle1658 comb-chafer1712 tumble-turd1754 tumble-dung1775 dung-chafer1805 tumble-bug1805 tumbler1807 bull-comber1813 straddle-bug1839 lamellicorn1842 scarabaeidan1842 shard-beetle1854 watchman1864 scarabaeoid1887 scarabaeid1891 minotaur1918 1854 A. Adams et al. Man. Nat. Hist. 188 Shard-Beetles (Geotrupidæ). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). shardn.³ Brit. /ʃɑːd/, U.S. /ʃɑrd/ Etymology: Variant of chard n.² = chard n.² 2 ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > stalk vegetables > artichokes > parts of artichoke bottom1641 shard1685 choke1736 artichoke heart1909 1685 J. Dryden tr. Horace Epode ii, in Sylvæ sig. K8 More pleasing morsels..Than Shards [L. herba lapathi] or Mallows for the pot. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. i. 25 With furs and woollens layer upon layer inside, like the shards of an artichoke. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). shardn.⁴ Brit. /ʃɑːd/, U.S. /ʃɑrd/ Etymology: Evolved from a misunderstanding of Shakespeare's use in shard-born adj.: see also quot. a1616 at shard n.² The elytron or wing-case of a coleopterous insect. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > member of (beetle) > parts of > wing-case habergeona1637 gubernaculums1661 case-wing1686 sheath-wing?1703 elytron1774 shard1811 elytrum1816 sheath1826 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. at Shardborn Perhaps shard in Shakespeare may signify the sheaths of the wings of insects.] 1811 R. Willan List Words W. Riding Yorks. in Archaeologia 17 157 Shard, the shell or hard outward covering of the tribe of insects denominated Coleoptera. 1855 H. W. Longfellow Hiawatha xii. 164 The shining shards of beetles. 1884 Mag. Art Jan. 116 The glittering shards of insects. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). shardv. Brit. /ʃɑːd/, U.S. /ʃɑrd/ Forms: Also sherd. Etymology: < shard n.¹ rare. 1. a. transitive. To break into fragments. Also with off. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > break to pieces, shatter, or burst to-breakc888 briteOE to-shenec950 abreakOE forgnidea1000 to-brytc1000 to-burstc1000 to-driveOE shiverc1200 to-shiverc1200 to-reavec1225 shiverc1250 debruise1297 to-crack13.. to-frushc1300 to-sliftc1315 chinec1330 littlec1350 dingc1380 bruisea1382 burst1382 rushc1390 shinderc1390 spald?a1400 brittenc1400 pashc1400 forbruise1413 to break, etc. into sherds1426 shattera1450 truncheon1477 scarboyle1502 shonk1508 to-shattera1513 rash1513 shidera1529 grind1535 infringe1543 dishiver1562 rupture1578 splinter1582 tear1582 disshiver1596 upburst1596 to burst up1601 diminish1607 confract1609 to blow (shiver, smash, tear, etc.) to or into atoms1612 dishatter1615 vanquashc1626 beshiver1647 disfrange1778 smash1778 explode1784 bust1806 spell1811 smithereen1878 shard1900 1582 [implied in: R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil Descr. Liparen in tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis 94 With rent rocks chamferye sharded. (at sharded adj.¹ b)]. 1900 A. Conan Doyle Great Boer War xvi. 269 The artillery fire..was then turned..upon..the isolated Vaalkranz... The hillside was sharded off in great flakes. 1910 Contemp. Rev. Mar. 339 The veils and filaments of queens are torn aside, their bracelets sherded on their wrists. b. intransitive. Of a tree: To shed its bark in ‘shards’. ΚΠ 1891 [see sharding adj. at Derivatives]. 2. transitive. To notch the edge of (a tool). dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > damage or injure [verb (transitive)] > by breaking, tearing, or cutting something off forcutc1386 shattera1513 cancel1574 snip1822 mutilate1824 shard1879 detruncate1885 nick1885 the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > condition or action of indentation of edge > indent the edge of [verb (transitive)] > notch the edge of a tool shard1879 1879 Exmoor Scolding Gloss., in Specimens Eng. Dial. (at cited word) Thee's a shorded my knife. 1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. at Shord Zee how he've a-bin and a-shorded my plane ire. Derivatives ˈsharding adj. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > wood > [adjective] > of or relating to bark > having or shedding bark rindeda1461 barked?a1513 barky1600 sharding1891 rough-skinned1902 1891 Nisbet Colonial Tramp I. 4 Dead, white branches and sharding trunks. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a1000n.²1542n.³1685n.⁴1811v.1582
随便看	thicklaid thickleaf thickleafed thickleaved thicklegged thicklensed thicklier thickliest thicklipped thicklips thicklooking thicklugged thickly thickmined thicknecked thickness thorough ripe thorough spavin thorough splint thorough toll thorough wet thorough- thorough-bind thorough-blood thorough-bounden

shardsherdn.1

shardn.2

Compounds

shardn.3

shardn.4

shardv.

Derivatives

shardsherdn.¹

shardn.²

shardn.³

shardn.⁴