Shian.

/ˈʃɪə/

Forms: α. 1600s Seaw, Chias, 1700s Schia(h, Shiyah, 1800s Shiya, Shya, 1700s– Shia, 1800s She(e)ah, Sheer, 1700s– Shiah; β. 1600s Schiai, 1600s–1700s Shii, 1700s Shiay.

Etymology: Arabic shīʿa^h sect, < root shāʿa, in the third conjugation to follow. The β forms, strictly speaking, represent a distinct word, Arabic shiyaʿīy a member of the Shia sect, a Shiite.

a. One of the two main branches of Islam, followed especially in Iran, that rejects the first three Sunni caliphs and regards Ali, the fourth caliph, as Muhammad's first true successor.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > Islam > Islamic sects and groups > [noun] > Shiite > person

Ismaelite1571

Shia1626

Zaidi1709

Shiite1728

Ansarian1787

Nusayri1792

Ismaili1820

Ansayri1824

sevener1835

Ismaelian1839

Alawi1874

Twelver1876

Alawite1922

Hezbollahi1981

1626 Methold in S. Purchas Pilgrimage (ed. 4) ix. xv. 995 He is by Religion a Mahumetan, discended from Persian Ancestors, and retayneth their opinions, which differing in many points from the Turkes, are distinguished in their Sects by tearmes of Seaw and Sunnee.

1668 P. Rycaut Present State Ottoman Empire (new ed.) ii. xi. 127 The Shii are opposed by the Subjects of the whole Ottoman Empire, as the most heretical of any of the rest.

1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant ii. 107 The Persians call themselves Schiai, because they think it enough to follow the commands of their Law.

1759 Mod. Part Universal Hist. VI. 34 The two chief sects, named Sunni and Shiay, into which the Mohammedans are divided.

1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 593/1 The Shí‘a were divided into several sects.

b. An adherent of this religion, a Shiite.

ΚΠ

1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea III. v. 35 The sect of Schias, includes the Persians,..and some princes of the Indies, who are followers of Ali, and distinguish their sort also by the name of Adeliah.

a1792 G. Forster Journ. Bengal to Eng. (1798) II. xiv. 129 In contradistinction to the Soonis, who in their prayers cross the hands on the lower part of the breast, the Schiahs drop their arms in straight lines.

1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul ii. v. 206 The Sheeahs are more discountenanced than any other religious sect.

1827 J. S. Buckingham Trav. Mesopotamia II. 483 The mosque of the Imam Hossein, so highly reverenced by the Shiahs.

1830 S. R. Meyrick Engraved Illustr. Antient Arms & Armour II. Pl. 141 He was a Sheer, a religious sect violently opposed to the Sunis.

1874 H. H. Cole Catal. Objects Indian Art S. Kensington Mus. App. 305 The earth is held in superstitious veneration by the Muhammadans, especially the ‘Sheahs’.

1926 T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (subscribers' ed.) xxvii. 140 They were Shias, and had been since the days of Kerbela.

1969 Pioneer (Lucknow) 13 Aug. 4/8 Syeds are mostly Shias in Lucknow.

2. attributive and adj.

ΚΠ

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia i. iv. 29 His Substitute here is a Chias Moor.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. vii. iv. 159 The enthusiasm of the nation for the Shía religion.

1903 A. H. Layard Autobiogr. I. viii. 337 Being of the Shiah sect of Islam.

1955 Times 31 Aug. 6/6 The Shia mourning day, Ashura, commemorating the death of Imam Hussein, grandson of the prophet, passed off without incident.

1974 Educ. & Community Relations Jan. 5 Celebrated with processions mostly by the Shia sect.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online September 2020).

单词	shia
释义	Shian. /ˈʃɪə/ Forms: α. 1600s Seaw, Chias, 1700s Schia(h, Shiyah, 1800s Shiya, Shya, 1700s– Shia, 1800s She(e)ah, Sheer, 1700s– Shiah; β. 1600s Schiai, 1600s–1700s Shii, 1700s Shiay. Etymology: Arabic shīʿa^h sect, < root shāʿa, in the third conjugation to follow. The β forms, strictly speaking, represent a distinct word, Arabic shiyaʿīy a member of the Shia sect, a Shiite. 1. a. One of the two main branches of Islam, followed especially in Iran, that rejects the first three Sunni caliphs and regards Ali, the fourth caliph, as Muhammad's first true successor. ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > non-Christian religions > Islam > Islamic sects and groups > [noun] > Shiite > person Ismaelite1571 Shia1626 Zaidi1709 Shiite1728 Ansarian1787 Nusayri1792 Ismaili1820 Ansayri1824 sevener1835 Ismaelian1839 Alawi1874 Twelver1876 Alawite1922 Hezbollahi1981 1626 Methold in S. Purchas Pilgrimage (ed. 4) ix. xv. 995 He is by Religion a Mahumetan, discended from Persian Ancestors, and retayneth their opinions, which differing in many points from the Turkes, are distinguished in their Sects by tearmes of Seaw and Sunnee. 1668 P. Rycaut Present State Ottoman Empire (new ed.) ii. xi. 127 The Shii are opposed by the Subjects of the whole Ottoman Empire, as the most heretical of any of the rest. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant ii. 107 The Persians call themselves Schiai, because they think it enough to follow the commands of their Law. 1759 Mod. Part Universal Hist. VI. 34 The two chief sects, named Sunni and Shiay, into which the Mohammedans are divided. 1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 593/1 The Shí‘a were divided into several sects. b. An adherent of this religion, a Shiite. ΚΠ 1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea III. v. 35 The sect of Schias, includes the Persians,..and some princes of the Indies, who are followers of Ali, and distinguish their sort also by the name of Adeliah. a1792 G. Forster Journ. Bengal to Eng. (1798) II. xiv. 129 In contradistinction to the Soonis, who in their prayers cross the hands on the lower part of the breast, the Schiahs drop their arms in straight lines. 1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul ii. v. 206 The Sheeahs are more discountenanced than any other religious sect. 1827 J. S. Buckingham Trav. Mesopotamia II. 483 The mosque of the Imam Hossein, so highly reverenced by the Shiahs. 1830 S. R. Meyrick Engraved Illustr. Antient Arms & Armour II. Pl. 141 He was a Sheer, a religious sect violently opposed to the Sunis. 1874 H. H. Cole Catal. Objects Indian Art S. Kensington Mus. App. 305 The earth is held in superstitious veneration by the Muhammadans, especially the ‘Sheahs’. 1926 T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (subscribers' ed.) xxvii. 140 They were Shias, and had been since the days of Kerbela. 1969 Pioneer (Lucknow) 13 Aug. 4/8 Syeds are mostly Shias in Lucknow. 2. attributive and adj. ΚΠ 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia i. iv. 29 His Substitute here is a Chias Moor. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India II. vii. iv. 159 The enthusiasm of the nation for the Shía religion. 1903 A. H. Layard Autobiogr. I. viii. 337 Being of the Shiah sect of Islam. 1955 Times 31 Aug. 6/6 The Shia mourning day, Ashura, commemorating the death of Imam Hussein, grandson of the prophet, passed off without incident. 1974 Educ. & Community Relations Jan. 5 Celebrated with processions mostly by the Shia sect. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online September 2020). < n.1626
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