shaddan.

/ˈʃadda/

Forms: Also śèdda, shaddah.

Etymology: < Arabic šadda, lit. strengthening.

Grammar.

In Arabic, a sign, also called tašdīd, written or printed above a consonant to indicate that it is doubled.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > [noun] > phonetic transcription > phonetic symbols

sheva1582

quantity mark1860

breathing1864

stress mark1881

rounder1888

polygraph1893

shadda1896

modifier1899

length-mark1926

shift-sign1939

agma1957

1896 W. R. Smith & M. J. de Goeje Wright's Gram. Arabic Lang. (rev. ed) I. i. iii. 14 In African Mss. the vowel is not always written with the śèdda.

1925 W. H. T. Gairdner Phonetics of Arabic ix. 58 The sign written over the consonant-letter in Arabic writing is called aʃ ʃadda (‘force’).

1958 D. Cowan Introd. Mod. Lit. Arabic 5 If two identical consonants come together and are not separated by a vowel only one is written with the mark ﹼ above it. This mark is called..s̱ẖadda or ‘strengthening’.

1962 Haywood & Nahmad New Arabic Gram. i. 10 A doubled letter is not written twice, unless separated by an intermediate vowel. Instead, the sign ﹼ (called..tas̱ẖdīd or..s̱ẖadda) is written over the letter.

1969 A. G. Chesne Arabic Lang. ii. 28 Other diacritical marks were..introduced. Among these are..the shaddah for doubling a consonant.

1971 R. A. Wisbey Computer in Lit. & Ling. Res. 228 Though the vowels are not to be included, as they are usually omitted in the script, shadda, the sign which denotes the doubling of a letter, and the various combinations with hamza are to be plotted.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	shadda
释义	shaddan. /ˈʃadda/ Forms: Also śèdda, shaddah. Etymology: < Arabic šadda, lit. strengthening. Grammar. In Arabic, a sign, also called tašdīd, written or printed above a consonant to indicate that it is doubled. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > [noun] > phonetic transcription > phonetic symbols sheva1582 quantity mark1860 breathing1864 stress mark1881 rounder1888 polygraph1893 shadda1896 modifier1899 length-mark1926 shift-sign1939 agma1957 1896 W. R. Smith & M. J. de Goeje Wright's Gram. Arabic Lang. (rev. ed) I. i. iii. 14 In African Mss. the vowel is not always written with the śèdda. 1925 W. H. T. Gairdner Phonetics of Arabic ix. 58 The sign written over the consonant-letter in Arabic writing is called aʃ ʃadda (‘force’). 1958 D. Cowan Introd. Mod. Lit. Arabic 5 If two identical consonants come together and are not separated by a vowel only one is written with the mark ﹼ above it. This mark is called..s̱ẖadda or ‘strengthening’. 1962 Haywood & Nahmad New Arabic Gram. i. 10 A doubled letter is not written twice, unless separated by an intermediate vowel. Instead, the sign ﹼ (called..tas̱ẖdīd or..s̱ẖadda) is written over the letter. 1969 A. G. Chesne Arabic Lang. ii. 28 Other diacritical marks were..introduced. Among these are..the shaddah for doubling a consonant. 1971 R. A. Wisbey Computer in Lit. & Ling. Res. 228 Though the vowels are not to be included, as they are usually omitted in the script, shadda, the sign which denotes the doubling of a letter, and the various combinations with hamza are to be plotted. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1896
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