† shavaldourn.

Forms: Also shavaldwre, schaveldore, schaveldowr(e, schawa(l)dour, schawatour, schalldour.

Etymology: Of obscure origin; the form is apparently Anglo-Norman. In the Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland III. 127 the word is quoted as schavaldurs from a document of 1319.

Obsolete.

A gentleman brigand of the Scottish border; a border-rider. The word occurs, chiefly in Latinized forms, in 14th cent. chronicles as the appellation of certain marauders in the bishopric of Durham in the reign of Edw. II, some of whom were hanged for plundering two cardinals on their way to Scotland in 1317. Probably on account of the notoriety of this incident, the word seems to have obtained some currency in England in the 15th cent.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > brigand > [noun] > in Scotland

shavaldourc1380

moss-trooper1645

Tory1651

Border-pricker1820

border-rider1820

c1330 J. Trokelowe Annales ann. 1317 (Rolls) 99 Quidam fatui de Northumbria, qui dicebantur ‘Savaldores’.

c1335 in J. Raine Hist. Dunelmensis Scriptores Tres (1839) 94 (Bp. Rich. Kellowe, 1310–1316) Schavaldos insurgentes in episcopatu fortiter compescuit... Quidam..qui portabat robas Episcopi..occidit quendam schavaldum vel prædonem, Johannem de Wandel nomine, sed Regi familiarem.

a1347 Murimuth Contin. Chron. ann. 1317 (Rolls) 27 Et per suos schaveldarios marchiae inter Angliam et Scociam nec voluit R. le Bruys permittere quod ipsi cardinales regnum Scociae intrarent.

c1366 Knighton Chron. ann. 1318 (Rolls) I. 413 Cumque in partes Scotiæ [cardinales] venissent, insultavit eos dominus Gilbertus de Mydelton miles cum aliis elegantibus shavaldres, et eos..spoliaverunt.

a1369 Sir T. Gray Scalacronica (Maitland Club) 147 Les maufesurs estoint appellez schaualdours.]

c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 210 To ȝeue costly cloþis & manye to riche men & mynstralis or shaualdours for worldly name.c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 249 Ydel schaueldowris.c1420 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 675 Shamefull shakerles, soleyn shaueldores, Oppressours of pepyll.c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xxvi. 4363 [He] gat til hym a company, Þat as schawadouris [v.rr. schawaldouris, schawatouris] war walkande In til þe wail of Anande.c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 444/2 Schaveldowre, discursor, vacabundus.c1440–50 Brit. Mus. Addit. MS. 6716 lf. 23 Revera generosi inter nos dicuntur tales Schalldours Ryflours. Tales enim frangunt thalamos magnorum, asportant bona,..et spoliant religiosos.1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 205 A knycht..Said it wes to gret perell, So neir the schavaldwris [1489 Adv. sodiourys] to ga.

Derivatives

† shavaldry n. (also schauadry, cheualdre) Obsolete ? plundering, lawless exaction.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > [noun]

purchasec1325

ridding1347

riflinga1350

despoilingc1374

preya1375

spoilingc1380

pillagea1393

shavaldrya1400

destrition14..

pillingc1400

pillery1433

spulyieingc1440

rapinea1450

spoliationc1460

depopulation1462

spulyie1464

depredation1483

despoil1483

predationa1500

pilferya1513

pollinga1513

spoil1532

pilling and pollinga1535

pilfering1548

expilation1563

rapt1584

escheat1587

fleecing1593

spoilage1597

depilation1611

manubiary1616

pillaging1629

plundering1632

exspoliation1634

peeling1641

despoliation1658

plunder1661

plunderage1700

spoliage1806

despoilment1822

a1400–50 Wars Alex. 3371 Þat he [sc. a king] schape to na schauadry [Dubl. MS. cheualdre] þat shend suld his fame.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	shavaldour
释义	† shavaldourn. Forms: Also shavaldwre, schaveldore, schaveldowr(e, schawa(l)dour, schawatour, schalldour. Etymology: Of obscure origin; the form is apparently Anglo-Norman. In the Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland III. 127 the word is quoted as schavaldurs from a document of 1319. Obsolete. A gentleman brigand of the Scottish border; a border-rider. The word occurs, chiefly in Latinized forms, in 14th cent. chronicles as the appellation of certain marauders in the bishopric of Durham in the reign of Edw. II, some of whom were hanged for plundering two cardinals on their way to Scotland in 1317. Probably on account of the notoriety of this incident, the word seems to have obtained some currency in England in the 15th cent. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > brigand > [noun] > in Scotland shavaldourc1380 moss-trooper1645 Tory1651 Border-pricker1820 border-rider1820 c1330 J. Trokelowe Annales ann. 1317 (Rolls) 99 Quidam fatui de Northumbria, qui dicebantur ‘Savaldores’. c1335 in J. Raine Hist. Dunelmensis Scriptores Tres (1839) 94 (Bp. Rich. Kellowe, 1310–1316) Schavaldos insurgentes in episcopatu fortiter compescuit... Quidam..qui portabat robas Episcopi..occidit quendam schavaldum vel prædonem, Johannem de Wandel nomine, sed Regi familiarem. a1347 Murimuth Contin. Chron. ann. 1317 (Rolls) 27 Et per suos schaveldarios marchiae inter Angliam et Scociam nec voluit R. le Bruys permittere quod ipsi cardinales regnum Scociae intrarent. c1366 Knighton Chron. ann. 1318 (Rolls) I. 413 Cumque in partes Scotiæ [cardinales] venissent, insultavit eos dominus Gilbertus de Mydelton miles cum aliis elegantibus shavaldres, et eos..spoliaverunt. a1369 Sir T. Gray Scalacronica (Maitland Club) 147 Les maufesurs estoint appellez schaualdours.] c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 210 To ȝeue costly cloþis & manye to riche men & mynstralis or shaualdours for worldly name.c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 249 Ydel schaueldowris.c1420 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 675 Shamefull shakerles, soleyn shaueldores, Oppressours of pepyll.c1425 Wyntoun Cron. viii. xxvi. 4363 [He] gat til hym a company, Þat as schawadouris [v.rr. schawaldouris, schawatouris] war walkande In til þe wail of Anande.c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 444/2 Schaveldowre, discursor, vacabundus.c1440–50 Brit. Mus. Addit. MS. 6716 lf. 23 Revera generosi inter nos dicuntur tales Schalldours Ryflours. Tales enim frangunt thalamos magnorum, asportant bona,..et spoliant religiosos.1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 205 A knycht..Said it wes to gret perell, So neir the schavaldwris [1489 Adv. sodiourys] to ga. Derivatives † shavaldry n. (also schauadry, cheualdre) Obsolete ? plundering, lawless exaction. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > [noun] purchasec1325 ridding1347 riflinga1350 despoilingc1374 preya1375 spoilingc1380 pillagea1393 shavaldrya1400 destrition14.. pillingc1400 pillery1433 spulyieingc1440 rapinea1450 spoliationc1460 depopulation1462 spulyie1464 depredation1483 despoil1483 predationa1500 pilferya1513 pollinga1513 spoil1532 pilling and pollinga1535 pilfering1548 expilation1563 rapt1584 escheat1587 fleecing1593 spoilage1597 depilation1611 manubiary1616 pillaging1629 plundering1632 exspoliation1634 peeling1641 despoliation1658 plunder1661 plunderage1700 spoliage1806 despoilment1822 a1400–50 Wars Alex. 3371 Þat he [sc. a king] schape to na schauadry [Dubl. MS. cheualdre] þat shend suld his fame. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.c1380
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