shaitann.

Brit.

/ʃʌɪˈtɑːn/,

/ʃeɪˈtɑːn/, U.S.

/ʃaɪˈtɑn/,

/ʃeɪˈtɑn/

Forms: 1600s sceithan, 1600s 1800s shitan, 1600s 1800s– sheitan, 1600s 1800s– shytan, 1700s– shaytan, 1800s– shaitaan, 1800s– shaitan, 1900s– shaytaan, 1900s– shytaan.

Origin: A borrowing from Arabic. Etymon: Arabic šayṭān.

Etymology: < Arabic šayṭān, ultimately < Hebrew śāṭān Satan n., probably via Ge'ez sayṭān.Specific senses. With sense 2 compare earlier devil n. 12 and the (etymologically unrelated) semantic parallels from India, cited at that entry. Specific forms. In form sceithan after French †sceithan (1659 in the passage translated in quot. 1662). Pronunciation. N.E.D. (1913) gives only the pronunciation (ʃēⁱtā·n) /ʃeɪˈtɑːn/.

1. Chiefly in or with reference to Muslim countries or Islamic contexts.

a. Satan, the Devil; a devil, an evil spirit.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [noun]

devileOE

Beelzebubc950

the foul ghosteOE

SatanOE

warlockOE

SatanasOE

worsea1200

unwinea1225

wondc1250

quedea1275

pucka1300

serpenta1300

dragon1340

shrew1362

Apollyon1382

the god of this worldc1384

Mahoundc1400

leviathan1412

worsta1425

old enemyc1449

Ruffin1567

dismal1570

Plotcocka1578

the Wicked One1582

goodman1603

Mahu1603

foul thief1609

somebody1609

legiona1616

Lord of Flies1622

walliman1629

shaitan1638

Old Nicka1643

Nick1647

unsel?1675

old gentleman1681

old boy1692

the gentleman in black1693

deuce1694

Black Spy1699

the vicious one1713

worricow1719

Old Roger1725

Lord of the Flies1727

Simmie1728

Old Scratch1734

Old Harry1777

Old Poker1784

Auld Hornie1786

old (auld), ill thief1789

old one1790

little-good1821

Tom Walker1833

bogy1840

diabolarch1845

Old Ned1859

iniquity1899

1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 262 The Alcoran..tracts..that Dagial or Shytan, i.e. the Devill, shall be saved by Mahomet.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 233 But as soon as they were gone, Sceithan [Fr. le Sceithan], that is to say, the Devil, presented himself to Hagar.

1698 tr. A. Brand Jrnl. Embassy from Muscovy 41 I could not meet with any thing worth taking notice of all over the Hall but their Sheitan [Ger. Schaitan], or (as they themselves call'd it) their God.

1722 tr. J. B. Müller Manners & Customs of Ostiacks in tr. F. C. Weber Present State Russia II. 83 The Log it self they had covered with a Piece of red Cloth, with other Pieces and Rags stitched to it, which they had consecrated to the Sheitan.

1863 H. Yule in tr. Jordanus Mirabilia Descripta 37 (note) Certain mysterious footsteps, more than thirty or forty paces asunder, which the natives alleged to be Shaitan's.

1903 Jewish Encycl. IV. 521/1 The shaitans, being the enemies of Allah, strive to disturb worshippers.

1979 H. Ibrahim Shaiqiya 139 If the person frequently breaks things..or works unexhaustedly for a long time he also curses the shaytan.

2000 Ibn Warraq tr. Ibn al-Rawandi in Quest for Hist. Muhammad ii. 120 They [sc. Muslims] can avert their eyes, denounce it all as the work of Shaitan and the enemies of Islam and go on believing the traditional account as literally true.., or they can adopt the posture of the mystical-romantic school.

2012 M. A. Soofi Nobody can love you More 156 There is a Shaitan under the earth. His name is Kana Dajjal. On the Day of Judgement, he will tell us to make him our Allah.

b. A person or animal likened in some way to Shaitan (sense 1a). Cf. Satan n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > evil person > [noun] > or animal

shaitan1834

society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [noun] > wicked creature

hellhoundOE

wolf?1554

devil dog1642

hellicat1816

shaitan1834

1834 J. Morier Ayesha I. i. 18 Cara Bey! oof! he is a Sheitan, he is Satan, he is a black Yezidi, a worshipper of the devil!

1849 A. H. Layard Nineveh & Remains I. i. ix. 287 (note) The term Sheitan (equivalent to Satan) is usually applied in the East to a clever, cunning, or daring fellow.

1884 F. Boyle On Borderland 377 Ranjit Singh, that Shaitan, turned it into a magazine.

1895 B. M. Croker Village Tales (1896) 21 The shaitan [i.e. a tiger] has slain my man and my son.

1901 A. Werner Chapenga's White Man iv. 56 Saidi's private opinion was that all Englishmen were Sheitans, worse Sheitans than Chapenga.

1974 ‘A. Burgess’ Napoleon Symphony 38 Some of your holier citizens said that my soldiers were shaitans and afrits.

2008 Times of India 13 June (Bombay Times section) 11/2 ‘He is a shaitan..always up to some masti or other’ says Neelam about Rakeshh.

†2. In Indian contexts: a dust storm. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > dry weather or climate > [noun] > dust-storm or sand-storm

sandstorm1774

dust-storm1879

shaitan1883

shower1898

1883 Q. Jrnl. Royal Meteorol. Soc. 9 142 Dust columns are called shaitans or devils by the Beloochees, who have a superstitious feeling with regard to them.

1888 Cornhill Mag. Aug. 186 The Shaitans, or ‘devil storms’, of India and neighbouring countries are the remarkable duststorms frequenting the great plains.

1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Shaitan, sheitan,..a dust storm. India.

1925 H. M. Collins From Pigeon Post to Wireless 158 The dust borne in these shaitans of wind is often carried for vast distances.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	shaitan
释义	shaitann. Brit. /ʃʌɪˈtɑːn/, /ʃeɪˈtɑːn/, U.S. /ʃaɪˈtɑn/, /ʃeɪˈtɑn/ Forms: 1600s sceithan, 1600s 1800s shitan, 1600s 1800s– sheitan, 1600s 1800s– shytan, 1700s– shaytan, 1800s– shaitaan, 1800s– shaitan, 1900s– shaytaan, 1900s– shytaan. Origin: A borrowing from Arabic. Etymon: Arabic šayṭān. Etymology: < Arabic šayṭān, ultimately < Hebrew śāṭān Satan n., probably via Ge'ez sayṭān.Specific senses. With sense 2 compare earlier devil n. 12 and the (etymologically unrelated) semantic parallels from India, cited at that entry. Specific forms. In form sceithan after French †sceithan (1659 in the passage translated in quot. 1662). Pronunciation. N.E.D. (1913) gives only the pronunciation (ʃēⁱtā·n) /ʃeɪˈtɑːn/. 1. Chiefly in or with reference to Muslim countries or Islamic contexts. a. Satan, the Devil; a devil, an evil spirit. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > a devil > the Devil or Satan > [noun] devileOE Beelzebubc950 the foul ghosteOE SatanOE warlockOE SatanasOE worsea1200 unwinea1225 wondc1250 quedea1275 pucka1300 serpenta1300 dragon1340 shrew1362 Apollyon1382 the god of this worldc1384 Mahoundc1400 leviathan1412 worsta1425 old enemyc1449 Ruffin1567 dismal1570 Plotcocka1578 the Wicked One1582 goodman1603 Mahu1603 foul thief1609 somebody1609 legiona1616 Lord of Flies1622 walliman1629 shaitan1638 Old Nicka1643 Nick1647 unsel?1675 old gentleman1681 old boy1692 the gentleman in black1693 deuce1694 Black Spy1699 the vicious one1713 worricow1719 Old Roger1725 Lord of the Flies1727 Simmie1728 Old Scratch1734 Old Harry1777 Old Poker1784 Auld Hornie1786 old (auld), ill thief1789 old one1790 little-good1821 Tom Walker1833 bogy1840 diabolarch1845 Old Ned1859 iniquity1899 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 262 The Alcoran..tracts..that Dagial or Shytan, i.e. the Devill, shall be saved by Mahomet. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 233 But as soon as they were gone, Sceithan [Fr. le Sceithan], that is to say, the Devil, presented himself to Hagar. 1698 tr. A. Brand Jrnl. Embassy from Muscovy 41 I could not meet with any thing worth taking notice of all over the Hall but their Sheitan [Ger. Schaitan], or (as they themselves call'd it) their God. 1722 tr. J. B. Müller Manners & Customs of Ostiacks in tr. F. C. Weber Present State Russia II. 83 The Log it self they had covered with a Piece of red Cloth, with other Pieces and Rags stitched to it, which they had consecrated to the Sheitan. 1863 H. Yule in tr. Jordanus Mirabilia Descripta 37 (note) Certain mysterious footsteps, more than thirty or forty paces asunder, which the natives alleged to be Shaitan's. 1903 Jewish Encycl. IV. 521/1 The shaitans, being the enemies of Allah, strive to disturb worshippers. 1979 H. Ibrahim Shaiqiya 139 If the person frequently breaks things..or works unexhaustedly for a long time he also curses the shaytan. 2000 Ibn Warraq tr. Ibn al-Rawandi in Quest for Hist. Muhammad ii. 120 They [sc. Muslims] can avert their eyes, denounce it all as the work of Shaitan and the enemies of Islam and go on believing the traditional account as literally true.., or they can adopt the posture of the mystical-romantic school. 2012 M. A. Soofi Nobody can love you More 156 There is a Shaitan under the earth. His name is Kana Dajjal. On the Day of Judgement, he will tell us to make him our Allah. b. A person or animal likened in some way to Shaitan (sense 1a). Cf. Satan n. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > evil person > [noun] > or animal shaitan1834 society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [noun] > wicked creature hellhoundOE wolf?1554 devil dog1642 hellicat1816 shaitan1834 1834 J. Morier Ayesha I. i. 18 Cara Bey! oof! he is a Sheitan, he is Satan, he is a black Yezidi, a worshipper of the devil! 1849 A. H. Layard Nineveh & Remains I. i. ix. 287 (note) The term Sheitan (equivalent to Satan) is usually applied in the East to a clever, cunning, or daring fellow. 1884 F. Boyle On Borderland 377 Ranjit Singh, that Shaitan, turned it into a magazine. 1895 B. M. Croker Village Tales (1896) 21 The shaitan [i.e. a tiger] has slain my man and my son. 1901 A. Werner Chapenga's White Man iv. 56 Saidi's private opinion was that all Englishmen were Sheitans, worse Sheitans than Chapenga. 1974 ‘A. Burgess’ Napoleon Symphony 38 Some of your holier citizens said that my soldiers were shaitans and afrits. 2008 Times of India 13 June (Bombay Times section) 11/2 ‘He is a shaitan..always up to some masti or other’ says Neelam about Rakeshh. †2. In Indian contexts: a dust storm. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > dry weather or climate > [noun] > dust-storm or sand-storm sandstorm1774 dust-storm1879 shaitan1883 shower1898 1883 Q. Jrnl. Royal Meteorol. Soc. 9 142 Dust columns are called shaitans or devils by the Beloochees, who have a superstitious feeling with regard to them. 1888 Cornhill Mag. Aug. 186 The Shaitans, or ‘devil storms’, of India and neighbouring countries are the remarkable duststorms frequenting the great plains. 1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Shaitan, sheitan,..a dust storm. India. 1925 H. M. Collins From Pigeon Post to Wireless 158 The dust borne in these shaitans of wind is often carried for vast distances. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1638
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