similaradj.n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪm(ᵻ)lə/, U.S.

/ˈsɪm(ə)lər/

Forms: 1500s–1600s similare, 1500s– similar, 1600s (1800s– regional and nonstandard) similiar, 1600s– simular (regional and nonstandard in later use); regional and nonstandard 1800s– simler, 1900s– similer.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin similaris.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin similaris like (13th cent. in Aquinas, frequently from 16th cent., especially in translations of Galen) < classical Latin similis like (see simile n.) + -āris -ar suffix¹, after ancient Greek ὁμοιομερής consisting of like parts (see homoeomerous adj.). Compare slightly later similary adj.Compare Middle French, French similaire (1515), Spanish similar (early 16th cent.), Italian similare (mid 16th cent.). Compare the following earlier examples of post-classical Latin similaris in an English context:1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) i. f. 9^v Partes callyd Similares, for being deuyded, they remain in them self like as they were.?1545 C. Langton Introd. Phisycke iv. f. xxi.^v They are the verye same..that the Latyne menne called Partes similares, and the Phisitions, sensible elementes. Specific forms. The form similiar probably shows alteration after adjectives in -iar , e.g. familiar adj., peculiar adj. The form simular may show alteration after words in -ular , e.g. regular adj., singular adj., singular n. Compare simular adj. Compare also nucular adj.² and the etymological note at nuclear adj. Specific senses. With similar part at sense A. 1a compare Middle French, French partie similaire (1565).

A. adj.

a. Anatomy and Medicine. Of a part of the body: (supposedly) consisting entirely of one substance, homogeneous. Chiefly in similar part. Also (of a disease): affecting such a part. Now historical.Such parts of the body were also called simple (see simple adj. 17c).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > uniformity > [adjective]

oneOE

consimilec1400

suinga1425

even?c1425

agreeable1512

uniform1540

consemblable?1541

suant1547

constantc1550

just?1556

similar1563

similary1564

unvaried1570

uniformal1574

consimilar1577

homogeneana1601

homogeneal1603

homogene1607

invariable1607

of a piece1607

undistinguisheda1616

univocal1615

immutable1621

uniformable1632

solemn1639

homogeneous1646

consistent1651

pariformal1651

self-consistent1651

congeniousa1656

level1655

undiversificated1659

equal1663

of one make1674

invarieda1676

congenerous1683

undiversified1684

equable1693

solid1699

consisting1700

tranquil1794

unbranching1826

horizontal1842

sole1845

self-similar1847

homoeomeric1865

equiformal1883

monochrome1970

the world > life > the body > part of body > [noun] > having same structure

similar1563

1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. ii. f. 12^v I call an instrumentall parte, whych is not simple but compounded of the similar, as the head, the eye, the hand, the arme, and such like.

1575 J. Banister Needefull Treat. Chyrurg. f. 4 An vlcer in the similar organick or instrumentall part, deuiding also the differences of vlcers in the similar parte after this sorte. viz. Ulcers in the veines, vlcers in the arteries, vlcers in y^e skinne, and vlcers in the muscles.

1634 ‘Philiatreus’ Gen. Pract. Med. vii. sig. A4^v Sicknesse or maladie is triple, similare, instrumentall, and common: the first hurts the action of the part similare.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxii. 123 Which may be compared..to the Similar parts of mans Body.

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 32 The same kind of Nourishment taken in by Animals, is turned into Blood, Milk, Flesh, Bones, Nerves, and all the other Similar Parts.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Similar, or simple Parts, by Anatomists are called such as are throughout of the same nature and texture, as all the Parts of a Bone are Bony, &c.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Disease Diseases of the Solids, he [sc. Boerhaave] considers, either as of the simple, and Similar Parts; Or of the Organical.

1943 M. J. Hughes Women Healers in Medieval Life & Lit. iv. 70 Those [diseases] in similar members arose from the qualities or compounds of them.

1978 L. J. Rather Genesis of Cancer ii. 47 As for the fine structure of the organs, the absence of hard data at the microscopic level did not prevent Greek anatomists from devising a classification of similar parts in which a hypothetical fiber was the ultimate structural unit of living substance.

2000 D. Des Chene Life's Form x. 196 Similar parts were further classified by function. Some serve to give consistency to the body, or to temper or nourish it, as do the four humours.

†b. Of a substance, material, etc.: consisting of like parts or of a single component substance throughout. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1598 J. Racster Bk. Seven Planets vi. f. 36^v The members of a spirituall faction be similar like the parts of fier or water, whereof euery parcell beareth the name of the whole.

1661 R. Boyle Two Ess. Unsuccessfulness Exper. i, in Certain Physiol. Ess. 43 Minerals appearing to the eye either to be perfectly similar, as Metals, or at least to consist but of two or three distinct ingredients, as Cinnaber.

a. Having a significant or notable resemblance or likeness, in appearance, form, character, quantity, etc., to something stated or implied (though generally without being identical); of a like nature or kind. Of two or more persons or things: resembling or like one another.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adjective]

ylikeeOE

likeOE

anlikeOE

accordanta1325

of a (also one) mouldc1330

kindred1340

lichy1370

likelyc1384

alikea1393

ontinkela1400

evenly?c1400

similable?a1440

semble1449

of a sort1463

seemable1501

uniform1548

resembled1553

self-like1556

like-natured1566

resembling1573

kindlike1579

of the same, that, every, etc. feather1581

resemblant1581

marrow1585

similar1586

like-seeming1590

twin-like1599

connatural1601

similary1610

semblativea1616

otherlike1620

like-shaped1640

connate1641

homogeneous1641

consimilar1645

congenerous1646

resemblancing1652

congeniousa1656

congenerate1657

equaliform1660

congenial1669

similitive1678

symbolizant1685

synonymous1690

of akin1723

consimilary1736

like-sized1742

cogeneric1777

alike as a row of pins1785

congenerica1834

Siamese1833

congener1867

lak1881

sorty1885

homoeomorphic1902

homogenized1958

1586 J. Prime Expos. St. Paul to Galathians iii. 95 A scorching heate is not the fiar that worketh effectually, and separateth things of dissimular and diuers natures, and vniteth men of similar and like condicion, rightly and truely together.

1608 H. Clapham Errour Left Hand 50 What time the Elements and principles of our body, shall through their mutuall warres, ouercome some one of his fellowes, do thou so appetite thy like from some other similar creature.

1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 198 The Carter Spider..has, for two particularities, very few similar creatures that I have met with.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 78. ⁋3 Something similar, or analogous, may be observed.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 157 At home we behold similar beginnings. We are on our guard against similar conclusions.

1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 17 Each axis has four or more thin arms or vanes fixed into it; the vanes are similar in all respects, except in their position.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. i. 229 Dr. Wollaston pointed out a similar fact as regards hearing.

1897 L. J. Trotter Life J. Nicholson iii. 29 The rest of the party were threatened with similar tortures.

1920 P. J. Fryer Insect Pests & Fungus Dis. Fruit & Hops xviii. 271 The aphides..vary a good deal in colour but are otherwise, in many cases, very similar.

1956 W. A. Heflin U.S. Air Force Dict. 441/1 A modification of an aircraft or other piece of equipment so as to incorporate changes made in later productions of a similar type.

1992 W. McGowan Only Man is Vile (1993) xii. 233 The year before..I had heard very similar stories in Batti.

2008 Church Times 2 May 29/2 She argues that these authors share a similar aim.

b. With to, or (formerly) †with. Now chiefly in predicative use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adjective] > to or with

ylikeOE

semblablec1374

shapelyc1374

resemblablea1393

resemblanta1393

visible1412

participantc1485

semblant1485

alikea1500

conformable1526

conform1553

semnable1651

similar1657

unopposite1825

1657 Sir T. Browne Nature's Cabinet Unlock'd 301 Every thing that is generated, must proceed from a thing that is like to it self: for a celestial body and heat, are not similar to those which do arise from coenous and putrid Matter.

1682 R. Saunders View of Soul 116 We cannot deny unto Beast these four faculties of a Soul, very similar with ours, Imagination, Memory, Affection, and Will.

a1740 D. Waterland Serm. in Wks. (1823) IX. 23 The commandment to love our neighbour, which is a duty second and similar to that of the love of God.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. viii. xiii. 276 They..produce similar Effects with Exercise.

1827 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom IV. 116 The true Axines have horns of similar form with the Rusas.

1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 151/1 I received a similar account to this from one of the London flushermen.

1868 J. N. Lockyer Elem. Lessons Astron. §357 The effect of the Earth's daily movement upon the Sun is precisely similar to its effect upon the stars.

1885 C. Bell & J. S. Fuller-Maitland tr. P. Spitta J. S. Bach (1979) III. 191 It was a work of similar kind with his ‘Clavir Ubung’.

1901 Daily Northwestern (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) 3 Jan. 6/4 His experience is somewhat similar to that of every American who goes to the other side [of the Atlantic].

1948 Amer. Jrnl. Med. 4 774/1 This effect is similar to that produced by other drugs.

1983 C. M. Reigeluth & F. S. Stein in C. M. Reigeluth Instructional-design Theories & Models 366 Each of those lessons is of similar nature to the other lessons.

2001 Which? Dec. 30/1 Stollen..is quite similar to our traditional Christmas cake, but has a long, half-cylindrical shape, with marzipan running through the middle.

2015 Tennishead Mar. 58/2 Symptoms may be very similar to those of coeliac disease.

c. In the construction or similar (also and similar): = or the like at like n.¹ 2d (used after a word, statement, etc., to indicate the possibility of similar alternatives). Cf. vel sim. phr.

ΚΠ

1900 Pract. Druggist Jan. 205/3 Sherry wine (Malaga or Samos, or similar will do) 9 parts.

1919 Hide & Leather 13 Dec. 99/2 Average lots of Michigan, Wisconsin and northern Illinois rats quoted at $2.35@2.34 flat based on last trading. Southern Illinois, Missouri and similar are firm at $2.25@2.35 flat.

1986 W. H. Johnson in A. Limon et al. Home Owner Man. (ed. 2) iv. viii. 639 The ‘on’ of heating can be over-ridden by a push button or similar.

1996 H. Fielding Bridget Jones's Diary (1997) 47 Maybe the whole lunch thing is just a parental practical joke brought on by over-exposure of my parents to Noel Edmonds, popular television and similar.

2006 Gardens Monthly Apr. 34/2 The roots and soil are wrapped in hessian or similar.

3. spec.

a. Geometry. Of two or more geometric figures: having the same shape and differing only in size or orientation.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [adjective] > relationship between > equal or similar

like1557

isoperimetral1625

similar1692

isoperimetrical1706

identical1806

homologous1863

homological1885

perspective1885

homothetic1886

trigraphic1895

1692 W. Molyneux Dioptrica Nova 72 Wherefore the Triangles DYf, hif are similar.

1745 Mathematician No. 1. 6 By resolving similar Polygons into similar Triangles, the same Proposition was extended to these Polygons also.

1840 D. Lardner Treat. Geom. 111 Two geometrical figures which have the same shape or form, but are constructed on a different scale, are said to be similar figures.

1935 A. H. G. Palmer & K. S. Snell Mechanics v. 50 Equiangular polygons may not be similar.

2012 C. Wheater Trigonometry i. 4 If the triangles are similar, the corresponding sides are in proportion.

b. Music. Designating motion (of two or more lines of melody) in which the individual lines move in the same direction. Opposed to contrary adj. 5b.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [adjective] > movement of parts

similar1731

progressional1867

1731 Treat. Harmony (ed. 2) Introd. 5 The Second Motion is call'd in Italian Motto Retto, in English Direct or Similar Motion; which is, when both Parts move the same Way.

1784 J. Keeble Theory of Harmonics i. 89 Two, and sometimes three, melodies may move by harmonic intervals in the similar motion; or three, and sometimes four, in the contrary.

1845 Morning Post 31 Mar. 6/3 Consecutive octaves, in similar motion, occur between the voice part and the bass.

1904 Musical Herald 1 Sept. 285/1 The octave approached in similar motion by a second in one part and by a third in the other is bad.

1968 Musica Disciplina 22 10 Where the dissonance involves leaps in both voices, it is usual for the voices to move in contrary motion, but leaps in similar motion do occur.

2010 M. R. Ellis Chord in Time iv. 98 The effect of the first—an Italian sixth approached in similar motion via an augmented second in the melody—is surprisingly quirky.

c. Mathematics. Of two square matrices, A and B: having the relationship A = X⁻¹BX, where X is some third matrix.Similar matrices represent the same linear transformation with respect to different bases (basis n. Additions).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [adjective] > of array > relating to matrices > qualities > of group

orthogonal1898

similar1907

1907 M. Bôcher Introd. Higher Algebra xxi. 283 Two matrices connected by a relation of the form (13) are sometimes called similar matrices.

1979 S. H. Friedberg et al. Linear Algebra v. 232 Similar matrices have the same trace.

2007 J. Gentle Matrix Algebra iii. 116 Although similar matrices have the same eigenvalues, they do not necessarily have the same eigenvectors.

B. n.

†1. Anatomy. A part of the body which (supposedly) consists entirely of one substance (see sense A. 1a). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1612 T. Tymme Dialogue Philosophicall ii. 16 The subiect of the bone, sinew, or flesh, and of euery similar, is not prepared onely out of the temperament of the qualities, but also out of the mixture of the naturall principles.

a1670 S. Collins Systeme Anat. (1685) Pref. p. v Having discoursed the solid similar parts, I will now Treat of the fluide (the principal giving Life, Sense, Motion and Nourishment to the more solid similars).

a1713 W. Salmon Ars Anatomica (1714) i. v. 22/1 It appears, that a Muscle..is..a Compound Similar Part, made or composed of more than one, or several Similars.

2. A thing or person similar to or resembling another; a counterpart; the like or equivalent of someone or something.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > one who resembles another

the secondc1386

similitudec1405

likenessa1500

resembler1570

similar1653

resemblance1794

ringer1878

1653 Z. Coke Art of Logick iii. 202 Let it be considered whither the Integral part be similar, or dissimilar: For Similars come rarely under consideration.

1756 W. Kenrick Epist. Lorenzo ii. 35 Be the first Cause in Nature known; 'Tis but a consequent Effect; Whose Cause no similars respect.

1778 G. L. Way Learning at Loss II. 110 Admiring the horizontal Verdure of her Father's clipt Hedges; with fifty pretty little Similars full as indolently entertaining.

1831 D. E. Williams Life Sir T. Lawrence I. 7 In manner and conversation, he was one whose similar you seldom met with.

1885 J. Martineau Types Ethical Theory I. i. i. §3. 161 If representative ideas, or similars, are for ever flowing off from all things in heaven and earth.

1894 Cent. Mag. Apr. 872/1 When had the similar of this preacher led the service in that..house of worship?

1910 Nature 17 Nov. 89/1 Schemes of laboratory classification [of soils] sometimes arbitrarily separate agricultural similars and unite agricultural discordants.

1938 Burlington Mag. Oct. 156/2 They were the neighbours, and in some respects the similars, of the Turbervilles of ‘Tess’ fame.

2000 Evening Standard (Nexis) 15 Sept. 6 The vulnerable poet and the insecure wife..discover the attraction of similars rather than opposites.

3. Homeopathy. A homoeopathic remedy that produces symptoms similar to those of the disease it is used to treat; (also) a disease treated with such a remedy. Cf. simillimum n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [noun] > a medicine or medicament > homoeopathic medicine

simillimum1845

similar1848

homoeopathic1854

1848 C. W. Luther Conc. View Syst. Homœopathy (ed. 2) iv. 66 Homœopathy consists in this—that similars are cured by similars.

1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 222 Hippocrates pointed out the occasional value of similars, that is of drugs which produce symptoms similar to those observed in the disease for which they are given.

1933 R. W. Hobhouse Life of Hahnemann vii. 135 In Hahnemann's later dissertation before the Leipzig professors on the Helleborism of the Ancients, we find that the most famous cure ascribed to Melampus was achieved by an application of the law of similars.

2013 S. Goldsmith Healing Paradox xiv. 179 Though he preferred contraries for most problems, he advocated similars for some.

Compounds

C1. Forming adjectives with the sense ‘that has (a) similar —’, by combining with a noun + -ed, as in similar-shaped, similar-sized, etc.

ΚΠ

1776 E. M. da Costa Elements Conchol. 87 Equal or similar-sided Bivalves, or whose cardo is central.

1825 J. Weddell Voy. S. Pole vi. 181 They have another weapon, consisting of a similar-shaped flint, inserted in a handle about nine inches long.

1849 D. Campbell Pract. Text-bk. Inorg. Chem. 20 A similar-sized tube..at the opposite extremity.

1855 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 171/2 In this case there are no such similar-minded people as the English and the Magyars.

1915 Lighting Jrnl. Feb. 42/2 The clamp..has a threaded hole, which makes it an easy matter to use this clamp on all similar shaped boxes.

1995 New Scientist 16 Sept. 16/2 Claudio Stern of Columbia University in New York found a second asymmetrically produced protein in similar-aged chick embryos.

2010 New Yorker 22 Mar. 52/1 It provided double the energy of any other similar-sized battery.

C2. With present participles, forming adjectives in which similar expresses the complement of the underlying verb, as in similar-looking, similar-sounding, etc.

ΚΠ

1846 Bibliotheca Sacra & Theol. Rev. Nov. 740 We may suppose that..the later prophet substituted a similar sounding word for the one found in the passage which he imitated.

1849 Med. Times 15 Sept. 232/2 Sulphurous acid will occasion a similar looking precipitate.

1899 M. Thornhill Haunts Indian Official 253 Possibly Terry mistook for the potato that somewhat similar-tasting root, the ‘yam’.

1955 R. M. Pearl How to know Minerals & Rocks 87 The word chrysocolla..was given to a similar-looking mineral used in olden times to solder gold.

1999 S. Rushdie Ground beneath her Feet (2000) xvi. 490 He taught her Klingon and she taught him Hug-me, or another similar-sounding tongue.

2014 M. Rothblatt Virtually Human x. 300 They had inherited the ability to learn from previous near-toxic experiences to avoid in the future similar-seeming stimuli.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	similar
释义	similaradj.n. Brit. /ˈsɪm(ᵻ)lə/, U.S. /ˈsɪm(ə)lər/ Forms: 1500s–1600s similare, 1500s– similar, 1600s (1800s– regional and nonstandard) similiar, 1600s– simular (regional and nonstandard in later use); regional and nonstandard 1800s– simler, 1900s– similer. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin similaris. Etymology: < post-classical Latin similaris like (13th cent. in Aquinas, frequently from 16th cent., especially in translations of Galen) < classical Latin similis like (see simile n.) + -āris -ar suffix¹, after ancient Greek ὁμοιομερής consisting of like parts (see homoeomerous adj.). Compare slightly later similary adj.Compare Middle French, French similaire (1515), Spanish similar (early 16th cent.), Italian similare (mid 16th cent.). Compare the following earlier examples of post-classical Latin similaris in an English context:1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) i. f. 9^v Partes callyd Similares, for being deuyded, they remain in them self like as they were.?1545 C. Langton Introd. Phisycke iv. f. xxi.^v They are the verye same..that the Latyne menne called Partes similares, and the Phisitions, sensible elementes. Specific forms. The form similiar probably shows alteration after adjectives in -iar , e.g. familiar adj., peculiar adj. The form simular may show alteration after words in -ular , e.g. regular adj., singular adj., singular n. Compare simular adj. Compare also nucular adj.² and the etymological note at nuclear adj. Specific senses. With similar part at sense A. 1a compare Middle French, French partie similaire (1565). A. adj. 1. a. Anatomy and Medicine. Of a part of the body: (supposedly) consisting entirely of one substance, homogeneous. Chiefly in similar part. Also (of a disease): affecting such a part. Now historical.Such parts of the body were also called simple (see simple adj. 17c). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > uniformity > [adjective] oneOE consimilec1400 suinga1425 even?c1425 agreeable1512 uniform1540 consemblable?1541 suant1547 constantc1550 just?1556 similar1563 similary1564 unvaried1570 uniformal1574 consimilar1577 homogeneana1601 homogeneal1603 homogene1607 invariable1607 of a piece1607 undistinguisheda1616 univocal1615 immutable1621 uniformable1632 solemn1639 homogeneous1646 consistent1651 pariformal1651 self-consistent1651 congeniousa1656 level1655 undiversificated1659 equal1663 of one make1674 invarieda1676 congenerous1683 undiversified1684 equable1693 solid1699 consisting1700 tranquil1794 unbranching1826 horizontal1842 sole1845 self-similar1847 homoeomeric1865 equiformal1883 monochrome1970 the world > life > the body > part of body > [noun] > having same structure similar1563 1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. ii. f. 12^v I call an instrumentall parte, whych is not simple but compounded of the similar, as the head, the eye, the hand, the arme, and such like. 1575 J. Banister Needefull Treat. Chyrurg. f. 4 An vlcer in the similar organick or instrumentall part, deuiding also the differences of vlcers in the similar parte after this sorte. viz. Ulcers in the veines, vlcers in the arteries, vlcers in y^e skinne, and vlcers in the muscles. 1634 ‘Philiatreus’ Gen. Pract. Med. vii. sig. A4^v Sicknesse or maladie is triple, similare, instrumentall, and common: the first hurts the action of the part similare. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxii. 123 Which may be compared..to the Similar parts of mans Body. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 32 The same kind of Nourishment taken in by Animals, is turned into Blood, Milk, Flesh, Bones, Nerves, and all the other Similar Parts. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Similar, or simple Parts, by Anatomists are called such as are throughout of the same nature and texture, as all the Parts of a Bone are Bony, &c. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Disease Diseases of the Solids, he [sc. Boerhaave] considers, either as of the simple, and Similar Parts; Or of the Organical. 1943 M. J. Hughes Women Healers in Medieval Life & Lit. iv. 70 Those [diseases] in similar members arose from the qualities or compounds of them. 1978 L. J. Rather Genesis of Cancer ii. 47 As for the fine structure of the organs, the absence of hard data at the microscopic level did not prevent Greek anatomists from devising a classification of similar parts in which a hypothetical fiber was the ultimate structural unit of living substance. 2000 D. Des Chene Life's Form x. 196 Similar parts were further classified by function. Some serve to give consistency to the body, or to temper or nourish it, as do the four humours. †b. Of a substance, material, etc.: consisting of like parts or of a single component substance throughout. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1598 J. Racster Bk. Seven Planets vi. f. 36^v The members of a spirituall faction be similar like the parts of fier or water, whereof euery parcell beareth the name of the whole. 1661 R. Boyle Two Ess. Unsuccessfulness Exper. i, in Certain Physiol. Ess. 43 Minerals appearing to the eye either to be perfectly similar, as Metals, or at least to consist but of two or three distinct ingredients, as Cinnaber. 2. a. Having a significant or notable resemblance or likeness, in appearance, form, character, quantity, etc., to something stated or implied (though generally without being identical); of a like nature or kind. Of two or more persons or things: resembling or like one another. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adjective] ylikeeOE likeOE anlikeOE accordanta1325 of a (also one) mouldc1330 kindred1340 lichy1370 likelyc1384 alikea1393 ontinkela1400 evenly?c1400 similable?a1440 semble1449 of a sort1463 seemable1501 uniform1548 resembled1553 self-like1556 like-natured1566 resembling1573 kindlike1579 of the same, that, every, etc. feather1581 resemblant1581 marrow1585 similar1586 like-seeming1590 twin-like1599 connatural1601 similary1610 semblativea1616 otherlike1620 like-shaped1640 connate1641 homogeneous1641 consimilar1645 congenerous1646 resemblancing1652 congeniousa1656 congenerate1657 equaliform1660 congenial1669 similitive1678 symbolizant1685 synonymous1690 of akin1723 consimilary1736 like-sized1742 cogeneric1777 alike as a row of pins1785 congenerica1834 Siamese1833 congener1867 lak1881 sorty1885 homoeomorphic1902 homogenized1958 1586 J. Prime Expos. St. Paul to Galathians iii. 95 A scorching heate is not the fiar that worketh effectually, and separateth things of dissimular and diuers natures, and vniteth men of similar and like condicion, rightly and truely together. 1608 H. Clapham Errour Left Hand 50 What time the Elements and principles of our body, shall through their mutuall warres, ouercome some one of his fellowes, do thou so appetite thy like from some other similar creature. 1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 198 The Carter Spider..has, for two particularities, very few similar creatures that I have met with. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 78. ⁋3 Something similar, or analogous, may be observed. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 157 At home we behold similar beginnings. We are on our guard against similar conclusions. View more context for this quotation 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 17 Each axis has four or more thin arms or vanes fixed into it; the vanes are similar in all respects, except in their position. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. i. 229 Dr. Wollaston pointed out a similar fact as regards hearing. 1897 L. J. Trotter Life J. Nicholson iii. 29 The rest of the party were threatened with similar tortures. 1920 P. J. Fryer Insect Pests & Fungus Dis. Fruit & Hops xviii. 271 The aphides..vary a good deal in colour but are otherwise, in many cases, very similar. 1956 W. A. Heflin U.S. Air Force Dict. 441/1 A modification of an aircraft or other piece of equipment so as to incorporate changes made in later productions of a similar type. 1992 W. McGowan Only Man is Vile (1993) xii. 233 The year before..I had heard very similar stories in Batti. 2008 Church Times 2 May 29/2 She argues that these authors share a similar aim. b. With to, or (formerly) †with. Now chiefly in predicative use. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adjective] > to or with ylikeOE semblablec1374 shapelyc1374 resemblablea1393 resemblanta1393 visible1412 participantc1485 semblant1485 alikea1500 conformable1526 conform1553 semnable1651 similar1657 unopposite1825 1657 Sir T. Browne Nature's Cabinet Unlock'd 301 Every thing that is generated, must proceed from a thing that is like to it self: for a celestial body and heat, are not similar to those which do arise from coenous and putrid Matter. 1682 R. Saunders View of Soul 116 We cannot deny unto Beast these four faculties of a Soul, very similar with ours, Imagination, Memory, Affection, and Will. a1740 D. Waterland Serm. in Wks. (1823) IX. 23 The commandment to love our neighbour, which is a duty second and similar to that of the love of God. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. viii. xiii. 276 They..produce similar Effects with Exercise. View more context for this quotation 1827 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom IV. 116 The true Axines have horns of similar form with the Rusas. 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 151/1 I received a similar account to this from one of the London flushermen. 1868 J. N. Lockyer Elem. Lessons Astron. §357 The effect of the Earth's daily movement upon the Sun is precisely similar to its effect upon the stars. 1885 C. Bell & J. S. Fuller-Maitland tr. P. Spitta J. S. Bach (1979) III. 191 It was a work of similar kind with his ‘Clavir Ubung’. 1901 Daily Northwestern (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) 3 Jan. 6/4 His experience is somewhat similar to that of every American who goes to the other side [of the Atlantic]. 1948 Amer. Jrnl. Med. 4 774/1 This effect is similar to that produced by other drugs. 1983 C. M. Reigeluth & F. S. Stein in C. M. Reigeluth Instructional-design Theories & Models 366 Each of those lessons is of similar nature to the other lessons. 2001 Which? Dec. 30/1 Stollen..is quite similar to our traditional Christmas cake, but has a long, half-cylindrical shape, with marzipan running through the middle. 2015 Tennishead Mar. 58/2 Symptoms may be very similar to those of coeliac disease. c. In the construction or similar (also and similar): = or the like at like n.¹ 2d (used after a word, statement, etc., to indicate the possibility of similar alternatives). Cf. vel sim. phr. ΚΠ 1900 Pract. Druggist Jan. 205/3 Sherry wine (Malaga or Samos, or similar will do) 9 parts. 1919 Hide & Leather 13 Dec. 99/2 Average lots of Michigan, Wisconsin and northern Illinois rats quoted at $2.35@2.34 flat based on last trading. Southern Illinois, Missouri and similar are firm at $2.25@2.35 flat. 1986 W. H. Johnson in A. Limon et al. Home Owner Man. (ed. 2) iv. viii. 639 The ‘on’ of heating can be over-ridden by a push button or similar. 1996 H. Fielding Bridget Jones's Diary (1997) 47 Maybe the whole lunch thing is just a parental practical joke brought on by over-exposure of my parents to Noel Edmonds, popular television and similar. 2006 Gardens Monthly Apr. 34/2 The roots and soil are wrapped in hessian or similar. 3. spec. a. Geometry. Of two or more geometric figures: having the same shape and differing only in size or orientation. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [adjective] > relationship between > equal or similar like1557 isoperimetral1625 similar1692 isoperimetrical1706 identical1806 homologous1863 homological1885 perspective1885 homothetic1886 trigraphic1895 1692 W. Molyneux Dioptrica Nova 72 Wherefore the Triangles DYf, hif are similar. 1745 Mathematician No. 1. 6 By resolving similar Polygons into similar Triangles, the same Proposition was extended to these Polygons also. 1840 D. Lardner Treat. Geom. 111 Two geometrical figures which have the same shape or form, but are constructed on a different scale, are said to be similar figures. 1935 A. H. G. Palmer & K. S. Snell Mechanics v. 50 Equiangular polygons may not be similar. 2012 C. Wheater Trigonometry i. 4 If the triangles are similar, the corresponding sides are in proportion. b. Music. Designating motion (of two or more lines of melody) in which the individual lines move in the same direction. Opposed to contrary adj. 5b. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [adjective] > movement of parts similar1731 progressional1867 1731 Treat. Harmony (ed. 2) Introd. 5 The Second Motion is call'd in Italian Motto Retto, in English Direct or Similar Motion; which is, when both Parts move the same Way. 1784 J. Keeble Theory of Harmonics i. 89 Two, and sometimes three, melodies may move by harmonic intervals in the similar motion; or three, and sometimes four, in the contrary. 1845 Morning Post 31 Mar. 6/3 Consecutive octaves, in similar motion, occur between the voice part and the bass. 1904 Musical Herald 1 Sept. 285/1 The octave approached in similar motion by a second in one part and by a third in the other is bad. 1968 Musica Disciplina 22 10 Where the dissonance involves leaps in both voices, it is usual for the voices to move in contrary motion, but leaps in similar motion do occur. 2010 M. R. Ellis Chord in Time iv. 98 The effect of the first—an Italian sixth approached in similar motion via an augmented second in the melody—is surprisingly quirky. c. Mathematics. Of two square matrices, A and B: having the relationship A = X⁻¹BX, where X is some third matrix.Similar matrices represent the same linear transformation with respect to different bases (basis n. Additions). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [adjective] > of array > relating to matrices > qualities > of group orthogonal1898 similar1907 1907 M. Bôcher Introd. Higher Algebra xxi. 283 Two matrices connected by a relation of the form (13) are sometimes called similar matrices. 1979 S. H. Friedberg et al. Linear Algebra v. 232 Similar matrices have the same trace. 2007 J. Gentle Matrix Algebra iii. 116 Although similar matrices have the same eigenvalues, they do not necessarily have the same eigenvectors. B. n. †1. Anatomy. A part of the body which (supposedly) consists entirely of one substance (see sense A. 1a). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1612 T. Tymme Dialogue Philosophicall ii. 16 The subiect of the bone, sinew, or flesh, and of euery similar, is not prepared onely out of the temperament of the qualities, but also out of the mixture of the naturall principles. a1670 S. Collins Systeme Anat. (1685) Pref. p. v Having discoursed the solid similar parts, I will now Treat of the fluide (the principal giving Life, Sense, Motion and Nourishment to the more solid similars). a1713 W. Salmon Ars Anatomica (1714) i. v. 22/1 It appears, that a Muscle..is..a Compound Similar Part, made or composed of more than one, or several Similars. 2. A thing or person similar to or resembling another; a counterpart; the like or equivalent of someone or something. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > one who resembles another the secondc1386 similitudec1405 likenessa1500 resembler1570 similar1653 resemblance1794 ringer1878 1653 Z. Coke Art of Logick iii. 202 Let it be considered whither the Integral part be similar, or dissimilar: For Similars come rarely under consideration. 1756 W. Kenrick Epist. Lorenzo ii. 35 Be the first Cause in Nature known; 'Tis but a consequent Effect; Whose Cause no similars respect. 1778 G. L. Way Learning at Loss II. 110 Admiring the horizontal Verdure of her Father's clipt Hedges; with fifty pretty little Similars full as indolently entertaining. 1831 D. E. Williams Life Sir T. Lawrence I. 7 In manner and conversation, he was one whose similar you seldom met with. 1885 J. Martineau Types Ethical Theory I. i. i. §3. 161 If representative ideas, or similars, are for ever flowing off from all things in heaven and earth. 1894 Cent. Mag. Apr. 872/1 When had the similar of this preacher led the service in that..house of worship? 1910 Nature 17 Nov. 89/1 Schemes of laboratory classification [of soils] sometimes arbitrarily separate agricultural similars and unite agricultural discordants. 1938 Burlington Mag. Oct. 156/2 They were the neighbours, and in some respects the similars, of the Turbervilles of ‘Tess’ fame. 2000 Evening Standard (Nexis) 15 Sept. 6 The vulnerable poet and the insecure wife..discover the attraction of similars rather than opposites. 3. Homeopathy. A homoeopathic remedy that produces symptoms similar to those of the disease it is used to treat; (also) a disease treated with such a remedy. Cf. simillimum n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > [noun] > a medicine or medicament > homoeopathic medicine simillimum1845 similar1848 homoeopathic1854 1848 C. W. Luther Conc. View Syst. Homœopathy (ed. 2) iv. 66 Homœopathy consists in this—that similars are cured by similars. 1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 222 Hippocrates pointed out the occasional value of similars, that is of drugs which produce symptoms similar to those observed in the disease for which they are given. 1933 R. W. Hobhouse Life of Hahnemann vii. 135 In Hahnemann's later dissertation before the Leipzig professors on the Helleborism of the Ancients, we find that the most famous cure ascribed to Melampus was achieved by an application of the law of similars. 2013 S. Goldsmith Healing Paradox xiv. 179 Though he preferred contraries for most problems, he advocated similars for some. Compounds C1. Forming adjectives with the sense ‘that has (a) similar —’, by combining with a noun + -ed, as in similar-shaped, similar-sized, etc. ΚΠ 1776 E. M. da Costa Elements Conchol. 87 Equal or similar-sided Bivalves, or whose cardo is central. 1825 J. Weddell Voy. S. Pole vi. 181 They have another weapon, consisting of a similar-shaped flint, inserted in a handle about nine inches long. 1849 D. Campbell Pract. Text-bk. Inorg. Chem. 20 A similar-sized tube..at the opposite extremity. 1855 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 171/2 In this case there are no such similar-minded people as the English and the Magyars. 1915 Lighting Jrnl. Feb. 42/2 The clamp..has a threaded hole, which makes it an easy matter to use this clamp on all similar shaped boxes. 1995 New Scientist 16 Sept. 16/2 Claudio Stern of Columbia University in New York found a second asymmetrically produced protein in similar-aged chick embryos. 2010 New Yorker 22 Mar. 52/1 It provided double the energy of any other similar-sized battery. C2. With present participles, forming adjectives in which similar expresses the complement of the underlying verb, as in similar-looking, similar-sounding, etc. ΚΠ 1846 Bibliotheca Sacra & Theol. Rev. Nov. 740 We may suppose that..the later prophet substituted a similar sounding word for the one found in the passage which he imitated. 1849 Med. Times 15 Sept. 232/2 Sulphurous acid will occasion a similar looking precipitate. 1899 M. Thornhill Haunts Indian Official 253 Possibly Terry mistook for the potato that somewhat similar-tasting root, the ‘yam’. 1955 R. M. Pearl How to know Minerals & Rocks 87 The word chrysocolla..was given to a similar-looking mineral used in olden times to solder gold. 1999 S. Rushdie Ground beneath her Feet (2000) xvi. 490 He taught her Klingon and she taught him Hug-me, or another similar-sounding tongue. 2014 M. Rothblatt Virtually Human x. 300 They had inherited the ability to learn from previous near-toxic experiences to avoid in the future similar-seeming stimuli. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1563
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