单词 | shrive |
释义 | shriven. rare. Used for shrift n. 9. ΚΠ 1867 ‘Ouida’ Idalia I. viii. 189 When they met again, he swore it should be for shorter shrive and deadlier work. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2018). shrivev. archaic. 1. a. (a) transitive. In Old English (const. dative.) To impose penance upon (a person); hence, to administer absolution to; to hear the confession of. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > make confession [verb (transitive)] > hear confession, shrive shrivea776 unbindc950 assoil1297 soila1300 confess1377 releasec1405 absoil1440 absolve1528 shrift1611 society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > absolution > give absolution [verb (transitive)] shrivea776 unbindc950 assoil1297 soila1300 reconcilea1387 releasec1405 absoil1440 absolve1496 absolve1525 shrift1611 society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > penance > impose penance on [verb (transitive)] shrivea776 penance1580 a776 Confess. Ecgberti ii. xvi, in B. Thorpe Anc. Laws Eng. (1840) II. 188 Ne hire nan preost scrifan ne mot ær heo þone sinscipe forlæte. a975 Canons of Edgar lxv, in B. Thorpe Anc. Laws Eng. (1840) II. 258 We lærað þæt ælc preosta scrife & dædbote tæce þam þe him andette. 1027–34 Laws Cnut ii. lxviii. §1 A man sceal þam unstrangan men..liþelicor deman & scrifon þonne þam strangan. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 25 Ȝif ic forlete þe preost walde eskien on ester dei hwa me scriue. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15253 Þatt lærede genge. Þatt iss ȝuw sett abufenn.. To spellenn ȝuw off crisstenn dom To shrifenn ȝuw. & huslenn. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9178 Ælc mon scriuen [c1300 Otho scriue] oðer swulc hit weoren his broðer. 138. Pol. Poems (Rolls) I. 265 Be war that no frer ham shryfe. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xxi. x. 855 He..prayed the bysshop to shryue hym and assoyle hym. 1579 E. Hake Newes out of Powles Churchyarde newly Renued iii. sig. C7 Wyse man you are no doubt..the Vicar of saint Fooles Go shriue you. 1633 J. Ford 'Tis Pitty shee's Whore ii. sig. E Giue me leaue To shriue her; lest shee should dye vn-absolu'd. 1798 S. T. Coleridge Anc. Marinere vii, in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 48 O shrieve me, shrieve me, holy Man! 1808 W. Scott Marmion i. xxii. 44 He shall shrieve penitent no more. 1841 G. P. R. James Corse de Leon ii ‘I will go with you..to shrive the dying’, said the priest. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iv. 436 He found that none of her chaplains knew English or French enough to shrive the king. 1888 A. Jessopp Coming of Friars v. 219 There was none to shrive them. (b) const. of (the sin). ΚΠ c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 16012 He þe scal scriuen [c1300 Otho scriue] of þine weorld-lifen. þat þine sunen alle scullen þe from falle. a1300 Cursor Mundi 23151 Vnnethes sal man find an in lede þat wel will scriue þam o þis sake. 1525 in State Papers Henry VIII (1836) IV. 419 To schriffe or absolve yaim of thaire synnys. b. with extended application. ΚΠ 1607 T. Dekker & G. Wilkins Iests to make you Merie 18 Three waiting gentlewomen sitting vp late one euening began to shriue one another, and to know what manner of Louers each other had. 1829 E. A. Poe Tamerlane in Poet. Wks. (1859) 206 Earth may shrive me of the sin Unearthly pride hath revelled in. 1881 A. O'Shaughnessy Songs of Worker 17 To tell the folk of love, of love to ease The burdens of their labour and their heart, Of love to shrive them of their sin. 1912 Eng. Rev. Dec. 144 Europe has become for the first time a Christian civilisation, shriven at last by the unChristian materialism of Bismarckian blood and iron. c. absol. or intransitive. To perform the office of a confessor; to exercise the ministry of absolution; to hear confessions. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > make confession [verb (intransitive)] > hear confession, shrive shrivec1000 c1000–50 De Off. Episc. xi Ofer ealle þa scire þe he on scrife. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xx. 302 Conscience called a leche þat coude wel shryue. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 449/1 Schryvyn, or here schryftys, audire confessiones. 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Aug. 55 A holly eue..When holly fathers wont to shrieue. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xvii. 90 Priests were praying, preaching, shriving, holding up the host and the cup. 2. passive. To ‘take shrift’ (see shrift n. 1); to be confessed; to make one's confession and receive absolution and penance. a. Const. †of, by, †at, †with, or †to the confessor. ΚΠ c1000 Ælfric Lives Saints xii. 291 Eow gebyrað þæt ge beon gescrifene on ðissere wucan oððe huru on ðære oðre. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 27 Ȝif he bið wel iscrifen and godfurht. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 246 As ofte as ich am ischriuen eauer me þuncheð me unschriuen. a1300 Vox & Wolf 176 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 64 Were thou i-sriue, And sunnen heuedest al forsake. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2489 Hwan..he was wit þe prestes shriue. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 70 Nou ssel..þe ilke..yzy diligentliche to by yssriue. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. v. 91 I wolde ben yshryue,..and I for shame durst. c1386 G. Chaucer Summoner's Tale 387 I haue be shryuen [v.rr. schryue, schreue] this day at my curat. a1400 Leg. Rood 195 Wat man..For his sinnus sori and schereuen be. c1425 Cast. Persev. 550 in Macro Plays 93 Þanne schal he deye, & not be schrywe. c1440 Pol. Rel. & L. Poems 159 (note) Yff thowe be screffe. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur Table of Contents 26 How he was shryuen to an heremyte. c1480 (a1400) St. Andrew 898 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 89 To na man will I schriffyne be bot anerly to ȝow. c1530 Ld. Dorset in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. II. 148 It were petie he shuld be hanged tyll he had ben well shereven. 1555 H. Machyn Diary (1848) 94 To be shryff and fast iij days in on wyke. c1570 in J. Raine Depositions Courts Durham (1845) 160 Elizabeth Watson..hard no preiching, nor was shervon. 1575 W. Stevenson Gammer Gurtons Nedle v. ii. sig. Eiiiv Since Diccon hath confession made, & is so cleane shreue. 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 186 You ought firste to bee shryuen of one of the Monkes. 1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet ii. iii. 172 She shall at Frier Lawrence Cell Be shrieued [1623 shriu'd] and married. View more context for this quotation 1607 M. Drayton Legend Cromwel 37 So he were shrieu'd what need he care a pin? 1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold II. vii. i. 161 He died..but shriven and absolved. 1882 ‘Ouida’ In Maremma I. i. 9 Straightway would he go to the church and be shriven. b. const. of, rarely from (the sin). ΚΠ c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 59 We agen alle to ben shrifene of ure synnes her we biginnen to fasten. a1300 Cursor Mundi 26401 O þaa Sinnes þou was of scriuen a. c1400 St. Alexius (Laud 622) 338 Euery sonenday houseled he was, And shryuen also of vche trespas. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 25 Yf I were shryuen of my synnes, my soule shold be the clerer. 1821 J. Baillie Columbus in Metrical Legends iii Souls..from trespass shriven. 3. a. (a) reflexive. To make one's confession, go to confession, confess. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > make confession [verb (reflexive)] shrive?c1225 confess1377 reconcile1869 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 55 Sum vnseli haueð hwenne ha seide ha schriue hire. ischriuen hire alto wunder. a1300 Cursor Mundi 26398 Þan behouis him screue him halli. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 61 Tell forth my Sone, and schrif the clene. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xiii. 59 Þai say Godd bad neuer þat a man schuld schryfe him till anoþer man. a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 13 And so she shroue her and was sethe of holy lyff. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 706/1 I wyll shrive me this lente at the Augustyne fryres, for there is pardon. 1533 J. Gau in tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay To Rdr. 3 Quhow men and vemen sal scriue thayme and quhou thay sal rekkine al thair sinnis to thair schrift fader. 1577 T. Vautrollier tr. M. Luther Comm. Epist. to Galathians (new ed.) f. 237 I was wont to shriue my selfe with great deuotion. 1641 W. Prynne Antipathie 40 King Iohn..was poysoned..by a Monke of that House; who went to the Abbot and shrived himselfe. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 204 Bid call the ghostly man Hither, and let me shrive me clean, and die. (b) const. of (the sin). ΚΠ ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 195 Scrif þe þrof to mareȝen. a1300 Cursor Mundi 26408 Þof þou scraf þe o þi dede. c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋ 106 Priuee synnes of whiche they shryue hem priuely. c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 178 Þe chanoun..schroof hym to þe bysschop of þat synne. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 15 The veniall synnis, yat commounly men schryvis thame of here. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > refusal > [verb (transitive)] > abandon, renounce, or refuse to acknowledge shrivec1374 disavowc1400 reject1426 renouncec1450 disvow1502 disavouch1583 disclaim1585 to throw (also cast, fling, etc.) overboard1588 disacknowledge1598 forjure1601 disknow1606 disvoucha1616 to swear off1839 to throw down1895 to go into the discard1898 ditch1921 cancel1990 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 440 Here I me shryue and seye That wikkedly ye don vs boþe deye. ?1499 J. Skelton Bowge of Courte (de Worde) sig. Avi To you oonly me thynke I durste shryue me For now am I..dysposed To shewe you thynges that may not be disclosed. a1513 W. Dunbar Tabill of Confessioun in Poems (1998) I. 267 To the my meik sueit saluiour, I me schrife. a1513 W. Dunbar Tabill of Confessioun in Poems (1998) I. 272 I schrif me of all cursit cumpany. a1568 Bannatyne MS (Hunterian Club) 92 Ryse with thi ransoner fro deid, And the of all thy synnys schryfe. 1635 A. Gil Sacred Philos. Holy Script. i. i. 4 [Zeus] that shreeves himselfe to his wife Iuno for all his slipperie prancks. 4. a. intransitive. To confess one's sins, go to confession. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > make confession [verb (intransitive)] to go, come to shrift1008 shrivea1300 to be confessed ofc1400 to seek to shriftc1400 confess1597 a1300 Cursor Mundi 26600 And for þe scam man thinc scriuand, It sal for part o penance stand. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 317 We ben sett to schryve of love. c1425 Eng. Conq. Irel. 130 The wolf spake to hym, and shroue [c1440 Rawl. MS. confeste hyr] to þe preste. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 1625 He wald..of his synnes to him schryue Þat he synned in all his lyue. ?1533 G. Du Wes Introductorie for to lerne Frenche sig. Eei The preest [in the mass]..fyrst shriuyng to vs. 1803 W. Scott Gray Brother in Minstrelsy Sc. Border (ed. 2) III. iii. 412 And who art thou, thou Gray Brother, That I should shrive to thee? 1832 R. S. Hawker Cornish Ballads (1908) 19 'Tis not to pray—'tis not to shrive—Therefore, what does she there? 1844 E. B. Browning Brown Rosary i. x A nun..Who mocked at the priest when he called her to shrive. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > [verb (intransitive)] shrivea1300 adorec1350 knowledgea1382 worshipc1384 a1300 E.E. Psalter vii. 18 I sal schrive to Laverd after his rightwisnes. a1325 Prose Psalter xxix. 4 Syngeþ to our Lord..and shryueþ to þe mynde of his holinesse. a1340 R. Rolle Psalter vi. 5 He is noght..in hell wha sall shrife til þe. a1400 Prymer (St. John's Cambr.) (1891) 71 I schal schryue to thee lord in al myn herte. a. transitive. To confess (sins). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > acknowledgement, avowal, or confession > acknowledge, avow, or confess [verb (transitive)] > confess (sins) showc1175 opena1225 shrivea1300 confessc1386 society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > make confession [verb (transitive)] showa1200 shrivea1300 confessc1386 a1300 Cursor Mundi 27105 To preist his sinnes scriue. c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 330 [Ps. xxxii. 6] I seide, i shulde shryue my synnes aȝens me to þee, lord. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 7081 And all þe case to him he shraue. ΘΚΠ society > communication > manifestation > disclosure or revelation > disclose or reveal [verb (transitive)] unwryc825 unhelec1000 to draw forthc1175 unhillc1200 to bring forth?c1225 unsteekc1250 let witc1275 uncovera1300 wraya1300 knowc1300 barea1325 shrivec1374 unwrapc1374 again-covera1382 nakena1382 outc1390 tellc1390 disclosea1393 cough1393 unhidea1400 unclosec1400 unhaspc1400 bewrayc1405 reveal1409 accusea1413 reveil1424 unlocka1425 unrekec1425 disclude?1440 uncurec1440 utter1444 detect1447 break1463 expose1483 divinec1500 revelate1514 to bring (also put) to light1526 decipher1529 rake1547 rip1549 unshadow1550 to lay to sight1563 uppen1565 unlace1567 unvisor?1571 resign1572 uncloak1574 disshroud1577 spill1577 reap1578 unrip1579 scour1585 unharboura1586 unmask1586 uncase1587 descrya1591 unclasp?1592 unrive1592 discover1594 unburden1594 untomb1594 unhusk1596 dismask1598 to open upc1600 untruss1600 divulge1602 unshale1606 unbrace1607 unveil1609 rave1610 disveil1611 unface1611 unsecret1612 unvizard1620 to open up1624 uncurtain1628 unscreen1628 unbare1630 disenvelop1632 unclothe1632 to lay forth1633 unshroud1633 unmuffle1637 midwife1638 dissecret1640 unseal1640 unmantle1643 to fetch out1644 undisguise1655 disvelop1658 decorticate1660 clash1667 exert1692 disinter1711 to up with1715 unbundlea1739 develop1741 disembosom1745 to open out1814 to let out1833 unsack1846 uncrown1849 to bring (out) in (also into) the open1861 unfrock1866 disbosom1868 to blow the lid off1928 flush1950 surface1955 to take or pull the wraps off1964 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 579 Now haue I plat to yow myn herte schryuen. 1598 Chaucers Dreame in T. Speght Wks. G. Chaucer f. 365v/1 All my secre to you I plaine, and shriue. 1820 J. Keats Isabella in Lamia & Other Poems 53 I cannot live Another night, and not my passion shrive. 6. To forgive, pardon (a sin). rare.The first quot. is doubtful. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > absolution > give absolution [verb (transitive)] > absolve a sin shrive1303 pardonc1390 remit1457 absolve1537 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 588 Ȝyf þou trowyst synne shal be forȝeue withoute repentaunce & shryue [v.r. repente here & be clene schreuyn]. 1837 T. Hood Desert-born 126 ‘Nay then’, cried I—(heav'n shrive the lie!) ‘to tell the secret truth.’ a. To question, examine (a person). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > question, interrogate [verb (transitive)] afraynec1380 speera1400 refraynea1450 searcha1450 questiona1470 interrogate1483 interrogue1484 demanda1513 pose1526 ferret1582 shrive1592 samen?1620 query1653 quiza1843 hackle1891 rag1908 1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. I2 Beleeue me thou shryuest me verie neere in this latter demaund. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. xii. sig. M2 She gan him soft to shrieue . View more context for this quotation 1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 36 Gently our Sauiour shee began to shrive, Whither he wear the Sonne of God, or no. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > investigation, inspection > investigate, examine [verb (transitive)] underseekc897 speerc900 lookeOE askOE seeOE teem witnessc1200 seeka1300 fand13.. inquirec1300 undergoc1315 visit1338 pursuea1382 searcha1382 examinec1384 assay1387 ensearchc1400 vesteyea1425 to have in waitc1440 perpend1447 to bring witnessc1475 vey1512 investigate?1520 recounta1530 to call into (also in) question1534 finger1546 rip1549 sight1556 vestigatea1561 to look into ——1561 require1563 descry?1567 sound1579 question1590 resolve1593 surview1601 undersearch1609 sift1611 disquire1621 indagate1623 inspect1623 pierce1640 shrive1647 in-looka1649 probe1649 incern1656 quaeritate1657 inquisite1674 reconnoitre1740 explore1774 to bring to book1786 look-see1867 scrutate1882 to shake down1915 sleuth1939 screen1942 1647 J. Cleveland Poems in Char. London-diurnall (Wing C4662) 38 Shrive but their Titles, and their money poize, A Laird and Twenty pound pronounc'd with noise, When construed, but for a plaine yeoman go, And a good sober two-pence. 8. a. To relieve (one) of a burden; †to rob. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > rob [verb (transitive)] reaveeOE benima1325 berob1340 pelfa1400 distress1490 derob1546 heave1567 shrive1630 strubc1680 spung1719 to do over1785 strong-arm1896 make1926 heist1930 to take off1937 hit1955 to knock off1960 the mind > emotion > pleasure > state of being consoled or relieved > be relieved of [verb (transitive)] > console or relieve > relieve of suffering lighteOE unbindc950 alightOE slakea1300 deliverc1325 covera1375 lissec1374 relievea1382 allegea1425 refreshc1430 alighten1530 untaste1609 mitigate1644 disaffright1676 soothe1746 shrive1899 1630 T. Dekker Second Pt. Honest Whore v. ii. 93 I am here for shriuing those two fooles of their sinfull packe. 1899 R. Bridges Fair Brass in Poems 21 A..tomb: Such as to look on shrives The heart of half its care. b. To remove, lift (a burden) from. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > easiness > find no difficulty in [verb (transitive)] > make easy or easier > disencumber or disburden > remove or discharge (a burden) removec1405 unfraught1563 roll1593 depose1617 to take off a person's handsa1629 shrive1814 1641 J. Milton Animadversions 57 To shreeve the purses of unconfessing and unmortify'd sinners.] 1814 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II (ed. 7) ii. lxxviii. 108 To shrive from man his weight of mortal sin. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > be bound by moral or legal tie [verb (intransitive)] shrive1338 to be boundc1360 to be holdena1375 to be obliged1398 oblige1548 obligate1955 1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1725) 138 The barons & þe clergie in on wer alle schryuen, Vnto kyng Henrie ageyn William suld be gyuen. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > acquiescence > acquiesce [verb (transitive)] > reconcile (a person) to a course of action shrive1587 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1325/2 To reconcile, shriue, & win hir maiesties subiects to their diuelish intent. 1594 T. Nashe Terrors of Night D 1 Much wonder I how treason and murder dispense with the darknes of the night, how they can shriue themselues to it. ΚΠ c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xliv. 322 Ne he ne scrife ðæs hlisan buton hu he ryhtost wyrce. c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care lv Hi ne scrifon hwæðer hit wære ðe dæg ðe niht ðonne ðonne hi syngodon. a1000 Boeth. Metr. x. 29 Deað þæs ne scrifeð. a1400 K. Alis. (Bodl.) 3884 Alisaunder nouȝth of hym shroof [Linc. Inn MS. gaf] Ac perciens to fore hym droof. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1867v.a776 |
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