shuttern.
/ˈʃʌtə/, U.S. /ˈʃədər/ 1.
a. gen. One who or something which shuts.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun]
closing1382
shutter up1542
shutter1611
closer1817
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Fermeur, a shutter, closer, fastener.
1683 A. Snape Anat. Horse iv. ii. 152 The two other Muscles of the Eye-lid are called Shutters.
1788 Act 28 Geo. III c. 51 §18 Watermen, Lock Shutters, Pound Keepers.
1907 Outlook 3 Jan. 12/1 Janus in the old mythology was the porter of heaven, the ‘opener’ and the ‘shutter’.
b. Also with adverbs as shutter up, shutter-in.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun]
closing1382
shutter up1542
shutter1611
closer1817
1542 H. Brinkelow Lamentacion sig. Diiiv Well, ye Busshoppes, and ye Chanons of the Church of Beell,..ye shutters vp of Gods worde.
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Obturateur, a stopper or shutter vp.
a1637 B. Jonson Under-woods lxxxiv. ix. 219 in Wks. (1640) III That houre, The last of houres, and shutter up of all.
1869 E. J. Reed Shipbuilding xxi. 468 If the plate were a ‘shutter in’ of a strake both butts would require to be fitted against plates already in place.
2. spec.
a.
(a) A movable wooden or iron screen, applied to the outside or the inside of a window, to shut out the light or to ensure privacy or safety.It may consist of a single board or plate (hinged like a door, sliding in a frame, or altogether detachable), of a number of boards or plates hinged together, or of a combination of laths or flat rods of wood or metal working on rollers. A window may have one shutter or several. to put up the shutters: to bring one's business to a close for the day or permanently.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of windows > [noun] > fittings or ornaments of windows > shutter
fall window1422
lock1440
window?c1500
lid1535
winnock-bred1546
window lid1591
counter-window1600
shut1611
shuttle1614
window-broad1628
window-shut1649
window shutter1665
window board1683
shutter1720
fallboard1742
jalousie1766
storm shutter1834
rain door1867
amado1873
sunbreak1891
brise-soleil1944
society > occupation and work > business affairs > a business or company > run a business [verb (intransitive)] > close business
to shut up one's shop1560
to put up the shutters1838
society > occupation and work > work > times or periods of work > work at specific times or periods [verb (intransitive)] > stop work
to shut (one's) shop-windowc1478
to shut up one's shop1560
unyoke1594
to put up the shutters1877
to shut down1877
strike1890
stand1892
to knock off1916
1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 178 The close drawing of the Window-Shutters, Hangings, and Curtains.]
1720 S. Sewall Diary 20 Oct. (1973) II. 963 She..clos'd the Shutters.
1792 J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 258 Another hole is made in the side of the house for a window, which is occasionally closed with a wooden shutter.
1814 W. Wordsworth Excursion vii. 317 Yet were the windows of the low Abode By shutters weather-fended. View more context for this quotation
1819 Ann. Reg., Chron. (1820) 42 One of the watchmen heard a noise at one of the shutters [of the shop].
1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist I. iv. 62 The undertaker had just put up the shutters of his shop, and was making some entries in his day-book.
1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist I. iv. 71 Take down the shutters, yer idle young ruffian!
1863 Illustr. Hand-bk. & Price Current Machinery & Iron Work (Appleby Bros.) 95 Patent revolving iron shutters.
1877 A. Trollope Amer. Senator I. iii. 27 If..you won't have any client that isn't a gentleman, you might as well put up your shutters at once.
1889 Ld. Lytton in Lady B. Balfour Lett. (1906) II. 389 He is only lingering now to put up the Parliamentary shutters.
1890 A. Conan Doyle Capt. Polestar 172 A few old-established houses..put up their shutters and confessed themselves beaten.
(b) With reference to the use as an improvised litter or stretcher for carrying a person who has been wounded or taken ill.
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the world > health and disease > healing > transport for the sick or injured > [noun] > stretcher
barrowc1300
cabin1587
shutter1843
stretcher1845
Neil Robertson1941
1843 C. Dickens Christmas Carol ii. 60 As if the other fiddler had been carried home, exhausted, on a shutter.
1859 C. J. Lever Davenport Dunn lxxi I made it clear that you were really married, and to the daughter of a man that would send you home on a shutter, if you threw any doubt on it.
b. A folding cover hinged to a picture-frame in order to protect the picture from light, dust, etc.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > picture-frame > cover to protect from light, dust, etc.
shuttera1660
a1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 357 That admirable paynting of Raphael..preserv'd in shutters of wainscott.
1762 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting I. vii. 132 He..painted..in St. Peter's, the shutters of an altar piece.
1909 Q. Rev. July 169 An admirable altar-piece..which consisted of a magnificent centre-piece of goldsmith's work and shutters adorned with paintings.
c. Photography. A device for opening and closing the aperture of a lens in order to regulate the duration of the exposure.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [noun] > shutter
Venetian shutter1844
obturator1853
shutter1862
roller blind1882
leaf shutter1892
time shutter1893
between-lens shutter1909
barn door1942
1862 Internat. Exhib.: Illustr. Catal. Industr. Dept. II. xiii. 9/1 (caption) A camera and shutter of new design.
1907 J. A. Hodges Elem. Photogr. (ed. 6) 17 A reliable shutter..of the roller-blind..type.
d. Founding. A gate or movable partition designed to cut off the passage to a mould from the channel in which the molten metal flows.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > casting equipment > mould > hole for pouring in metal > shutter for closing
shutter1856
shuttle1858
1856 Illustr. London News 23 Aug. 194/1 The shutter, or gate, was then lifted, and the metal allowed to flow.
e. Organ-building. plural. The louvre-boards forming one or more sides of the swell-box, which are opened and shut by a pedal or lever, so as to regulate the volume of sound from the swell-organ.
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society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > swell or swell-box > shutters
shutter1880
1880 C. A. Edwards Organs ii. xiv. 122 The swell shutters should be left open.
f. (See quot. 1883)
ΚΠ
1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining 220 Shutter. 1. A movable sliding door having balance weights attached, fitted within the outer casing of the Guibal fan, for regulating the size of the opening... 2. The vibrating arm or door of the Cooke Ventilator.
g. Clockmaking. (See quot. 1884.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > instruments for measuring time > clock > [noun] > part(s) of
nut1428
peise1428
plumbc1450
Jack1498
clockwork1516
larum1542
Jack of the clockhouse1563
watch-wheel1568
work1570
plummeta1578
Jack of the clock1581
snail-cam1591
snail-work1591
pointer1596
quarter jack1604
mainspring1605
winder1606
notch-wheel1611
fusee1622
count-wheel1647
jack-wheel1647
frame1658
arbor1659
balance1660
fuse1674
hour-figure1675
stop1675
pallet1676
regulator1676
cock1678
movement1678
detent1688
savage1690
clock1696
pinwheel1696
starred wheel1696
swing-wheel1696
warning-wheel1696
watch1696
watch-part1696
hoop-wheel1704
hour-wheel1704
snail1714
step-wheel1714
tide-work1739
train1751
crutch1753
cannon pinion1764
rising board1769
remontoire1774
escapement1779
clock jack1784
locking plate1786
scapement1789
motion work1795
anchor escapement1798
scape1798
star-wheel1798
recoil escapement1800
recoiling pallet1801
recoiling scapement1801
cannon1802
hammer-tail1805
recoiling escapement1805
bottle jack1810
renovating spring1812
quarter-boy1815
pin tooth1817
solar wheel1819
impulse-teeth1825
pendulum wheel1825
pallet arbor1826
rewinder1826
rack hook1829
snail-wheel1831
quarter bell1832
tow1834
star pulley1836
watch train1838
clock train1843
raising-piece1843
wheelwork1843
gravity escapement1850
jumper1850
vertical escapement1850
time train1853
pin pallet1860
spade1862
dead well1867
stop-work1869
ringer1873
strike-or-silent1875
warning-piece1875
guard-pin1879
pendulum cock1881
warning-lever1881
beat-pin1883
fusee-piece1884
fusee-snail1884
shutter1884
tourbillion1884
tumbler1884
virgule1884
foliot1899
grasshopper1899
grasshopper escapement1899
trunk1899
pin lever1908
clock spring1933
1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 35 Bolt and Shutter, an obsolete contrivance for keeping clocks going while winding. During the going of the clock the shutter—a plate of metal—stood in front of the winding square.
h. A lid or slide for obscuring the light of a lamp or lantern.
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the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [noun] > that which > specific
sunshade1741
sunbreak1891
occulter1902
shutter1910
1910 J. Buchan Prester John i. 11 An evil-smelling old tin lantern with a shutter.
1911 Act 1 & 2 George V c. 45 §4 (4) Every light carried on a locomotive..shall be fitted with such shutters or other contrivances as will enable the light to be temporarily screened in an effective manner.
i. (See quot. 1898.)
ΚΠ
1898 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport II. 168/2 (Punt shooting) Shutter, the movable portion of the wash streak, through which the punter works his punt with paddles or set pole.
j. A device for regulating the supply of cooling air to the radiator of an internal-combustion engine.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > parts of > cooling system or device
radiator1900
honeycomb radiator1904
shutter1918
1918 Aëronaut. Jrnl. 22 119 A metal ring is in position on the underside of the radiators within reach of the pilot. This is apparently intended to carry a semi~circular disc to act as a radiator shutter.
1935 Times 2 Oct. 6/5 The temperature of the water is controlled by thermostatically-operated radiator shutters.
1957 I. Frazee & P. V. Eshelman Tractors & Crawlers v. 173 Shutters..are used on some tractors to reduce the air flow through the radiator.
1971 M. Tak Truck Talk 142 Shutters, louvers that are located between the tractor's grill and the radiator of the engine and that open and close like venetian blinds.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
a. Simple attributive.
shutter-bar n.
ΚΠ
1737 E. Hoppus Salmon's Country Builder's Estimator (ed. 2) 103 Upright Window-Bars, Shutter-Bars.
shutter-bolt n.
ΚΠ
1737 E. Hoppus Salmon's Country Builder's Estimator (ed. 2) 112 Shutter Bolts are sold from 10s. 6d. to 18s. 6d. per Dozen.
shutter-hinge n.
ΚΠ
1737 E. Hoppus Salmon's Country Builder's Estimator (ed. 2) 107 Shutter-Hinges are sold by the Dozen.
shutter-panel n.
ΚΠ
1903 J. Conrad & F. M. Hueffer Romance iii. 20 Rangsley knocked on a shutter-panel.
b. Objective.
shutter-maker n.
ΚΠ
?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 54 Shutter maker.
C2.
Categories »
shutter-armature n. a piece of iron on the shutter of a telephone indicator by the attraction or release of which the signal is given.
shutter-blind n. a blind with louvres to admit air.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of windows > [noun] > fittings or ornaments of windows > blind
umbrella1688
chick1698
blind1730
sunblind1766
Venetian window-blind1769
sunshade1774
roller blind1780
Venetian blind1791
Venetian1816
jalousie1824
shutter-blind1833
jealousy1834
festoon blind1837
shade1869
roll-up1960
mini-blind1974
1833 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Cottage Archit. §555 In shutter blinds..the movement is effected by a lever handle fixed on one of the luffer boards.
shutter-case n. a box or fitting into which shutters may be put or folded when not in use.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of windows > [noun] > fittings or ornaments of windows > shutter > box or fitting for shutters
shutter-case1810
shutter-stand1810
boxing1819
1810 Act 50 George III (Public Local & Personal Acts, c. 41) 55 [To] make any..shutter-cases or shutter-stands.
shutter-dam n. a dam having gates which are opened and closed by hydraulic pressure obtained by water driven through pipes by means of a turbine.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > dam > types of
mill-dam1182
warrant1406
pond head1465
coffer-dam1736
batardeau1767
gather-dam1768
frame dam1774
crib-dam1816
shutter-dama1884
suddc1900
needle gate1909
check-dam1936
gravity dam1940
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 807/2 Shutter Dam.
shutter eye n. (see quot. a1884).
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of windows > [noun] > fittings or ornaments of windows > shutter > support for shutter
shutter eyea1884
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 807/2 Shutter eye, an eye for hanging a shutter to, having a projecting flange or support, which is built into the wall.
1930 Gen. Catal. Tools & Supplies (Buck & Hickman Ltd.) 1081 (heading) Pointed gate and shutter hooks and eyes.
shutter-front n.
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the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] > closure for a vessel, tube, etc. > lid > types of
pot-lid1404
paten-bred1501
buckler1674
Moor's head1677
screw top1697
sarpush1698
Moor-head1712
saucepan lid1801
screw cap1806
pan lid1841
capsule1858
shutter-front1887
crown cap1898
shutter-lid1901
kettle-lid1903
under-lid1907
1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 22 Aug. 11/2 A finely wrought gilt frame with a shutter front to conceal its contents.
shutter-lid n. a covering or lid constructed to roll up after the manner of a flexible shutter.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] > closure for a vessel, tube, etc. > lid > types of
pot-lid1404
paten-bred1501
buckler1674
Moor's head1677
screw top1697
sarpush1698
Moor-head1712
saucepan lid1801
screw cap1806
pan lid1841
capsule1858
shutter-front1887
crown cap1898
shutter-lid1901
kettle-lid1903
under-lid1907
1901 Lady's Realm 10 652/2 A small secretaire in satin-wood with a shutter lid.
shutter-rebate n. a groove cut into a window-frame to support a shutter.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of windows > [noun] > window-frame > parts of
snacket1611
window post1658
box frame1693
pocket1881
runway1898
pocket-piece1901
shutter-rebate1901
1901 P. M. Johnston in Archæol. Jrnl. 64 A shallow shutter-rebate.
shutter-stand n. = shutter-case n.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of windows > [noun] > fittings or ornaments of windows > shutter > box or fitting for shutters
shutter-case1810
shutter-stand1810
boxing1819
1810Shutter-stand [see shutter-case n.].
shutter-telegraph n. = semaphore n.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > signalling > visual signalling > semaphore > [noun] > apparatus
telegraph1793
tellograph1796
semaphore1815
semaphore signal1826
shutter-telegraph1859
bell-telegrapha1877
1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock (1861) 301 Some [dancers] are inclined..to..imitate the action of the old shutter-telegraphs with their arms.
shutter weir n. a type of movable weir consisting of one or more leaves pivoted about a horizontal axis at or towards the bottom and held nearly vertical until released.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > contrivance for impounding water > weir > types of
mill weirlOE
foot weirc1474
kiddle1477
rowte weir1584
catchwater drain1744
carry1753
dam-head1762
overfall1764
gauge-weir1791
shutter weir1880
1880 Engineering 30 Jan. 102/1 The needle and shutter weirs had been the most extensively adopted, and were the best types of movable weirs... The shutter weir was the most suitable for high weirs across rapid rivers, and where the navigation was conducted by flushing.
1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 574/2 The earliest form of shutter weir consisted of a gate, or shutter, turning on a horizontal axis at the bottom, supported by a prop when raised against the stream, and falling flat on the apron of the weir when the prop was withdrawn.
1903 Nature 20 Aug. 363/1 The Chanoine shutter weir is composed of a series of shutters supported centrally on a trestle, and turning on a horizontal axis.
1928 F. Johnstone-Taylor River Engin. iii. 69 The shutter weir, as a form of barrage, is not a new introduction, having been used..principally in Central Europe, for a number of years.
C3. Photography (cf. 2c).
a.
shutter-adjustment n.
ΚΠ
1892 Photogr. Ann. II. 331 The lens and part of the shutter adjustment are in view.
Categories »
shutter-speed n.
shutter-work n.
ΚΠ
1891 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 323 For rapid shutter work..the best plan is to use a medium quantity of alkali.
b. Instrumental.
shutter-exposed adj.
ΚΠ
1891 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 323 A rapid shutter exposed plate.
shutter-exposure n.
ΚΠ
1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 317 These plates after development are compared with the negative of shutter exposure.
c. Objective.
shutter-setting n.
ΚΠ
1892 Photogr. Ann. II. Advt. p. cclxxx Plate-changing and shutter-setting is effected by simply drawing out and pushing back the rod shown in block.
C4.
shutter-bug n. slang (originally U.S.) an enthusiastic photographer; also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > photographer > [noun] > enthusiastic
shutter-bug1940
1940 Amer. Speech 15 357 The amateur..is known as a clicker, a snapper,..a shutterbug.
1972 New Nation (Singapore) 25 Nov. 9/8 It is unspoilt by shutter-bug tourists.
1979 Arizona Daily Star 8 Apr. 1. 3/6 (advt.) 4 canyon tours... Our best for shutterbugs includes round trip transportation & lodgings plus photo stop at Casa Grande Ruins.
shutter priority n. used attributively and absol. to designate automatic working in which the user sets the shutter speed and leaves the appropriate aperture to be set by the camera when the exposure is made.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > action of taking photograph > [noun] > manner of
flash-lighting1959
shutter priority1974
snap-shooting1979
zooming2005
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > action of taking photograph > [adjective] > manner of taking photograph
shutter priority1974
snapshotting1978
1974 L. Gaunt Canon Reflex Way 24 The system can be converted to shutter-priority automatic working.
1978 SLR Camera Aug. 31/1 (advt.) With the new Minolta XD7 a flick of a switch allows you to change the system to suit the subject—shutter priority or aperture priority or fully manual.
shutter release n. the button on a camera that is pressed to cause the shutter to open.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > parts and accessories of camera > [noun] > shutter > catch or button
time catch1890
soft release1941
shutter release1958
1958 Newnes Compl. Amateur Photogr. 37 At the B setting, the shutter remains open as long as the shutter release is kept pressed.
1979 Amateur Photographer 30 May 97/3 Initial pressure on the shutter release lights the viewfinder LEDs which indicate the speed to be chosen by the camera.
shutter speed n. the nominal time for which a shutter is open at a given setting.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > action of taking photograph > technical factors > [noun] > speed > shutter speed
shutter speed1889
speed1917
1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 335 The shutter speed was slower in comparison with the moving train.
1906 R. C. Bayley Compl. Photographer xiii. 158 In the Frena camera a method of regulating the shutter speed by regulating the size of the opening in a rotating disc was employed.
1977 J. Hedgecoe Photographer's Handbk. 162 Fast shutter speeds—say 1/250 sec or shorter—usually eliminate problems of camera shake.
Draft additions 1993
Frequency (in current use): Show frequency band information
Theatre. Either of a pair of movable flats or back-scenes run in from opposite wings to meet in the middle of the stage. Also †side shutter. Now chiefly Historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > theatrical equipment or accessories > [noun] > scenery > pieces of
side shutter1634
drop1781
flat1795
back-scene1818
border1824
profile1824
act drop1829
set piece1859
profiling1861
profile wing1873
backing1889
profile piece1896
revolve1900
construction1924
wood-wing1933
cutout1949
1634 in R. Southern Changeable Scenery (1952) i. 36 Not to draw ye upper shuters but ye masqu[er]s form ye under being draw[n]e.
c1640 Lansdowne MS. 1171 in Portfolio (1889) 92/1 Came down from ye roof before ye upper part of ye syde shutters, whereby ye grooves above were hidden, and also ye house behind them.
1889 Portfolio 91/2 Inigo Jones..worked his changes by means of slips or, as he calls them, ‘shutters’, with a large painted scene on a frame at the back. There are several sets of designs for these shutters at Chatsworth.
1921 G. C. D. Odell Shakespeare from Betterton to Irving I. iii. 99 A Shutter is the modern ‘flat’, run—in two pieces— on grooves from opposite wings and clamping together when they meet midway of the stage.
1985 Observer 16 June 19/1 ‘Figaro’ is simply ‘The Marriage of Figaro’ itself, reduced for six solo singers and a piano quartet, given in what looks like a budget touring production, wittily designed on shutters.
Draft additions 1993
Building. = form n. 18b. Cf. shuttering n. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > [noun] > equipment for concrete construction
vibrator1888
slip form1958
shutter1965
1965 G. P. Manning Wynn's Design & Construction of Formwork (ed. 5) i. 3 If necessary shutters should be given a further coat of mould oil before re-use.
1973 J. S. Foster Struct. & Fabric I. i. ii. 27/2 Steel formwork units combining wall and floor shutters.
1989 Constr. News 8 June 29/1 Soon after blasting, the roof was stabilised with steel fibre reinforced shotcrete and rockbolting, followed by concreting within an elaborate hydraulically positioned shutter.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
shutterv.
/ˈʃʌtə/, U.S. /ˈʃədər/ 1.
a. transitive. To close with a shutter. Also with adv.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (transitive)] > with a shutter
shutter1826
1826 B. Hall in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Sir W. Scott (1839) VIII. 360 I found the windows shuttered up.
1856 C. J. Lever Martins of Cro' Martin xxix. 309 The doors were closed, the windows shuttered.
1863 C. Dickens Uncommerc. Traveller in All Year Round 18 July 495/2 Here is Garraway's, bolted and shuttered hard and fast.
1897 Spectator 26 June 909/1 An appeal to the people of Kilrush to shutter their shops.
1910 J. Buchan Prester John i. 15 Tam who had seized and shuttered his lantern, coming last.
b. transferred and figurative.
ΚΠ
1882 Society 16 Dec. 16/2 The basilisk glance..had to be shuttered down.
c1886 R. Kipling Other Verses (1899) 102 I took a country twice the size of France, And shuttered up one doorway in the North.
1887 T. Hardy Woodlanders II. ii. 20 The windows of Fitzpiers's soul being at present shuttered.
1892 R. Kipling Barrack-room Ballads 175 I barred my gates with iron, I shuttered my doors with flame.
2. reflexive (with adverb complement). To close oneself in, shut oneself off, with shutters.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > close or shut [verb (reflexive)] > with shutters
shutter1878
1878 R. L. Stevenson Inland Voy. 60 A workman or a pedlar cannot shutter himself off from his less comfortable neighbours.
1880 Athenæum 14 Aug. 203 The farmers..would shutter themselves in and drink strong beer and gin for days and days on end.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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