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单词 simonian
释义

Simoniann.1adj.2

Brit. /sᵻˈməʊnɪən/, U.S. /səˈmoʊniən/
Forms: Middle English Symonyan, Middle English Symonyen, Middle English–1600s 1800s– Simonian. Also with lower-case initial.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: simony n., -an suffix.
Etymology: < simony n. + -an suffix Compare simonial n., simonient n., simonier n., and earlier simoniac n.The capital initial reflects continuing association with the name of Simon Magus (see simony n.). Compare post-classical Latin simonianus (c1465).
Christian Church. Now historical and rare.
A. n.1
A person who practises or has practised simony; a buyer or seller of ecclesiastical or spiritual benefits, especially preferment or office in the church; = simoniac n.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > benefice > simony > [noun] > one characterized by
simoniac1340
chop-church1391
simonient1395
Simonianc1400
simonialc1405
simoniera1425
gyesite1426
barrator1427
simoner1438
simoniacle1502
simonite1508
Balaamite1559
simonist1567
chopper1581
benefice-monger1583
church-chopper1631
chop-living1634
c1400 Last Age of Church (1840) p. xxv Chaffare walkynge in derkenessis is þe pryui heresie of symonyans.
a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) II. 148 Hise ȝiftis ben not mesurid bi man, alȝif symonyens mesuren þer grace, and ȝyven pleyner absolucion..for more money.
1568 Abp. M. Parker Let. 6 Feb. in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 311 I sent my visitors into Norwich,..whereof I heard..that Quid vultis mihi dare? had so much prevailed there among the Simonians.
1666 W. Prynne Exact Chronol. Hist. Popes Intollerable Usurpations i. v. 309 The Council of Constans..prohibited the people under pain of excommunication not to resort to the Masses and divine Offices of Simonians or maried Priests.
1858 J. Fowle Church Nepotism & Simony 111 Both the buyers and sellers of offices and of the administration of spiritual things are to be condemned as Simonians and thrust out of the Church.
1984 J. T. Noonan Bribes (1987) vi. 142 Ordaining, the Simonian conferred nothing. Ordained, the Simonian took nothing.
B. adj.2
Of or relating to simony; that practises or has practised simony; that has obtained office by means of simony; = simoniacal adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > benefice > simony > [adjective] > practising
simonical?1532
simoniacre1534
simoniacal1535
church-chopping1621
simonious1659
Simonian1854
1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity III. viii. i. 271 The clergy of Saxony resolved to expel all the intruding and Simonian bishops (those who had received investiture from the Emperor).
1861 T. Greenwood Cathedra Petri IV. x. ii. 180 They assembled for their separate services to avoid contact or communion with the wived or simonian clergy.
1984 J. T. Noonan Bribes (1987) vi. 171 Even by the norm provided the archbishop of Esztergom in 1162, the gifts being given were simonian for they were intended to ‘allure and pervert’ minds.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Simoniann.2adj.1

Brit. /sʌɪˈməʊnɪən/, U.S. /saɪˈmoʊniən/
Forms: 1500s–1600s Symonian, 1500s– Simonian.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Simonianus.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin Simonianus (5th cent. in Augustine) < Simon Magus (see simony n.) + classical Latin -iānus -ian suffix. Compare earlier Simonian n.1
Church History.
A. n.2
A member of a gnostic sect named after Simon Magus, which flourished in the 2nd century a.d. Cf. Simonist n.2Simon Magus was a religious leader who lived in Samaria in the 1st century a.d. The precise relationship between him and the gnostic dualist sect named after him is unclear.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Simonianism > [noun] > person
Simonian1538
Simonist1572
Simonite1625
1538 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Sarcerius Common Places of Script. lii. f. cxcviiiv To deny with ye Sadducians, Symonians [L. Simonianis], Archontykes, Hierarchytes & other heretykes the resurrection of the deed.
1607 T. Rogers Faith, Doctr., & Relig. 53* Some thinke, that to attend vpon vertue, and to practise good workes is a yoake too heavie, and intollerable; as the Simonians.
1655 R. Baxter Quakers Catech. Pref. sig. Bij He followed the first Hereticks, the Simonians and their followers, with the same kinde of judgements.
1677 R. Gilpin Dæmonol. Sacra ii. i. 166 There were no less than ten sorts of Heretical Antichrists in the Apostle John's days, the Simonians, Menandrians, Saturnilians, &c.
1702 P. King Hist. Apostles Creed iii. 50 The word Almighty..was intended against the Valentinians, Simonians, Menandrians &c.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Simonians, a Sect of ancient Hereticks, the first that ever disturb'd Christianity.
1839 E. Burton Lect. Eccl. Hist. (ed. 2) I. x. 312 We are assured, that this convenient doctrine was a characteristic of the Simonians and other Gnostics.
1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 79/1 Even the Tübingen critics themselves could not deny the existence of a sect of Simonians.
1923 Jrnl. Relig. 3 421 The later Simonians also gave an entirely new interpretation to Simon Magus.
1989 B. Hall in A. D. Crown Samaritans 48 Origen may well have been wrong in his assessment of the number of Simonians left in the world at the time when he wrote Contra Celsum.
2017 C. W. Concannon Assembling Early Christianity iv. 135 The supposedly deviant sexual practices of the Simonians, Marcosians, and Carpocratians.
B. adj.1
Of, relating to, belonging to, or characteristic of the Simonians or their beliefs or doctrines.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Simonianism > [adjective]
Simonian1589
1589 J. Swan tr. L. Daneau Treat. touching Antichrist xi. 43 Other Heretikes are limited within the compasse of one or two errors of theirs, as if any denie that Christ is come in the flesh, he is an Antichrist: but a Simonian Heretike [L. Simonianus].
1602 J. Hull Vnmasking of Politique Atheist sig. A7 Here is Monkish poperie in imitation of Simonian Idolatry, worshiping the Images of Francis and Clara.
1691 E. Taylor J. Behmen's Theosophick Philos. 429 Jacob Behmen remitted his Zeal, dehorting him earnestly from that Simonian and Diabolical practice [sc. exorcism].
1713 R. Nelson Life Bp. Bull 395 He pretended that..the Beginning at least of the Gospel ascribed to St. John was..written..by some Heretick out of the School of Simon: That by the same Simonian Hereticks, were forged certain Verses [etc.].
1848 H. Martineau Eastern Life III. iii. vi. 187 The Simonian doctrine was..that from this Virgin-mother Ennoïa had sprung a secondary order of beings.
1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 79/1 (note) Hippolytus..gives extracts from a Simonian book.
1972 Jrnl. Biblical Lit. 91 45 E. Haenchen has established a high probability that the essential gnostic features of Simon Magus were developed in the Simonian sect prior to any Christian influence.
2007 K. B. Stratton Naming Witch 227 Fossum..identifies Samaritan messianism and dualism as a possible origin for Simonian gnosticism.

Derivatives

Siˈmonianism n. (adherence to) the beliefs or doctrines of the Simonians.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > sect > Christianity > other sects and movements > Simonianism > [noun]
Simonianism1854
1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity I. ii. iv. 206 It proscribed Nestorianism in all its forms, branding it by the ill-omened name of Simonianism.
1902 Expositor Sept. 227 There had been a revival of Simonianism in Samaria.
1971 Vigiliae Christianae 25 92 There is very close affinity between this second century Simonianism and Syrian Christian dualism.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1adj.2c1400n.2adj.11538
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