side by sideadv.adj.n.

Brit.

/ˌsʌɪd bʌɪ ˈsʌɪd/, U.S.

/ˌsaɪd baɪ ˈsaɪd/

Forms: see side n.¹ and by prep. and side n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: side n.¹, by prep.

Etymology: < side n.¹ + by prep. + side n.¹

A. adv.

a. With reference to people or animals: close together and facing in the same direction; abreast. Also with with: next to, beside.Frequently with connotations of companionship or mutual support.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > nearness > near by [phrase] > close together

side by sidec1275

cheek by cheek?a1400

hand by hand?a1439

close1489

hand for hand1490

shoulder to shouldera1586

at (the) eye's end1628

knee to knee1760

corps à corps1890

the world > space > relative position > state or position of being parallel > [adverb] > abreast

side by sidec1275

beside1340

afronta1425

side to side?c1450

sidelingsa1540

abreast1567

evenly1583

breastwise1613

fair1685

sidelong1803

sidlingly1859

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9892 Þa duȝeðe..hine þer bureden bi leofen his broðer. side bi side beiene heo þer liggeð.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 1786 Thinc no man ferli þat þar suam Side bi side, bath wolf and man.

?1555 Ld. Morley tr. Petrarch Tryumphes sig. I.ii^v There was there also Curio and Fabricius..There folowed these twayne euen syde by syde Cincinato to whom the Romaynes cryed.

1581 C. Merbury Briefe Disc. Royall Monarchie (new ed.) 4 It is no small comforte vnto an English Gentleman, finding him selfe in a farre countrey, when he may..sit side by side with the proudest Spagniard [etc.].

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 73 The Wolfe and Lambe, Lyons and Bucks, doo row Vpon the Waters, side by side suspect-les.

1686 tr. J. Chardin Coronation Solyman 88 in Trav. Persia They rank themselves, either in a circle, or side by side.

1719 N. Rowe tr. Lucan Pharsalia iii. 117 Friendlike, and side by side, two Brethren fought.

1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 101 There march'd the bard and blockhead, side by side.

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe II. iv. 59 They rode side by side for some time, during which Gurth maintained a moody silence.

1864 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend (1865) I. i. ix. 76 They sat side by side, a hopelessly Unfashionable pair.

1918 Princeton Alumni Weekly 2 Oct. 14/1 I have been in the same regiment with him and fought side by side with him.

1972 D. Lees Zodiac 191 We found ourselves side by side on one of the sun loungers.

2003 I. Rankin Question of Blood (2004) ii. 41 The two of them sat side by side, not noticing the light outside waning.

b. With reference to things: with the sides touching or close together; next to one another.

ΚΠ

1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Consero Latus lateri conserere, to sette side by side.

1594 T. Blundeville Exercises iii. ii. vi. f. 181^v Foure barley kernels couched close together side by side, and not end long, are saide to make a finger breadth.

1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated ii. xiii. 214 The litle kingdome of Porus which lay side by side against the East Indies.

1673 J. Ogilby Asia 24/1 The Books lie in several Chests, not set side by side, but heap'd one upon the other, and lock'd up.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. iv. viii. 52 The Skulls lay side by side .

1770 R. Baker Refl. Eng. Lang. Pref. p. vi A Comparison of two Objects being best made, when they are placed near to each other, or Side by Side.

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 15 Fox-glove and night-shade, side by side.

1845 G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. 5th Ser. i. 24 The man with the peel then arranged the biscuits side by side over the whole floor of the oven.

1914 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Psychopathol. Everyday Life viii. 181 For many years a reflex hammer and a tuning-fork lay side by side on my desk.

1987 D. Gersi Explorer iii. 79 The palace was made of thick bamboo logs tied tightly side by side.

2013 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 16 Sept. b3/2 One approach is to stack transistors..rather than line them up side by side.

2. In extended use. In the same time or place; in close association; together. Frequently with with: in parallel with; at the same time as; alongside.

ΚΠ

1629 E. Lechmere Disputation of Church ii. vii. 212 Much lesse will you find, that, begining the same tyme, it [sc. Arianisme] ranne side by side in an equall or a fuller streame through all ages to this daie and were so to continue.

1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. I. iii. 66 It [sc. the Commerce of Books] goes side by side with me in my whole Course, and every where is assisting to me.

1775 W. Mason Gray's Ode Vicissitude in Poems 80 Mark where Indolence, and Pride..Go, softly rolling, side by side, Their dull, but daily round.

1827 J. C. Hare & A. W. Hare Guesses at Truth I. 171 It is really hard that winter cannot be praised, without abusing summer in the same breath; that they cannot be allowed to exist side by side in our thoughts, as they exist in nature.

1853 Edinb. Rev. 98 330 Side by side with these various shades of High and Low Church, another party of a different character has always existed in the Church of England.

1861 G. J. Goschen Theory Foreign Exchanges 58 If there is a large paper currency side by side with the gold.

1902 L. Wiener Anthol. Russ. Lit. I. i. 14 With the usual achronism of its literature, legends of the eleventh and eighteenth centuries live side by side, or mingle in the same version.

1974 F. L. Cross & E. A. Livingstone Oxf. Dict. Christian Church (ed. 2) 928/2 Molinism is still taught side by side with Thomism and other established systems.

2007 Independent 11 Dec. (Extra section) 2/3 Aid agencies..work to turn Kosovo back into a place where the two communities can live side by side in peace.

B. adj. (attributive). Usually with hyphens.

1. Set side by side; characterized by or involving people or things set side by side.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > state or position of being parallel > [adjective] > abreast of each other

abreast1567

side by side1833

1833 Morning Chron. 16 Jan. Alone on the easel..proves to be not exactly like a side by side position, with the public as critics.

1859 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 17 236 In the following experiments the latter (side by side) arrangement was always adopted.

1930 Times Educ. Suppl. 27 Dec. p. i/3 Side-by-side valves instead of the overhead valves.

1956 R. Redfield Peasant Society & Culture i. 20 Those early comparisons were side-by-side comparisons of societies unaffected by cities and civilization.

1969 K. Munson Pioneer Aircraft 1903–14 152/2 An aluminium nacelle encompassing side-by-side seats for pilot and passenger.

2010 New Yorker 20 Dec. 80/1 The recently remodelled kitchen..contains an enormous side-by-side refrigerator.

2. Sport. Designating a race or competition in which contestants start at the same time, racing alongside each other.In Rowing, side-by-side races are often contrasted with head races (head race n. 2) or bumps races (see bump n.² Compounds 1).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > [adjective] > types of race

well-run1601

unpaced1636

all-age1806

close-run1813

level1826

long distance1826

handicapped1828

neck and neck1828

timed1839

point-to-point1875

side by side1881

middle distance1886

paced1899

two-horse1976

1881 Dundee Advertiser 2 May 6/5 The crews..had to row one behind the other, and (possibly not doing their best from lacking the stimulus which a side-by-side race gives) the Aberdeen oarsmen were defeated.

1894 H. Peel Polar Gleams x. 161 The charming little horses..are very liable to plunge their little feet into the open space of the outrigger and the runner of the sledge which it is passing. This did actually occur on one of my former journeys, and I then made up my mind for no more 'side by side' racing.

1922 Western Gaz. 22 Sept. 9 The road surface of the track was quite good. There was plenty of width for side by side racing, both for solo cycles and side-cars.

1935 Daily News-Jrnl. (Murfreesboro, Tennessee) 29 Aug. 2/1 Only night before last two speed-fiends indulged in a wild side-by-side race out the street, pushing all comers off the paving in their mad career.

1957 H. Cleaver Hist. Rowing v. 67 Always the chief races were rowed in fours and sixes, no serious attempt having been made to man eights, because side-by-side races would have been impossible.

1969 Skiing Spring 57 [It] pitted ten members from each team against each other in side-by-side competition instead of in the customary race against the clock.

2010 S. Fry Fry Chrons. 110 The river isn't wide enough to allow a side-by-side regatta which is why these peculiar Lent and May Week Bumps evolved.

3. Of a firearm: having two barrels set side by side rather than one above the other. Cf. over-and-under adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > shooting > shooting equipment > [adjective] > type of shot-gun

choke-bored1875

under-and-over1881

ten-bore1892

ten-gauge1894

sawed-off1898

sawn-off1915

side by side1919

over-under1926

over-and-under1930

1919 U.S. Patent 1,302,910 1/1 This invention relates to means whereby one trigger only is employed for a double barrel gun, of either the over and under or side by side type.

1964 H. L. Peterson Encycl. Firearms 139/1 Shortening the barrels made the guns still lighter, and this in turn made the side-by-side double-barreled fowling piece practical.

1980 Outdoor Life (U.S.) Oct. (Northeast ed.) 53/1 I had this double-barreled side-by-side 20-gauge Savage-Fox, the ugliest thing ever made.

2013 T. Wieland Shooter's Guide Shotguns iii. 44/1 No wonder the design and production of side-by-side guns in the two countries are so closely related!

C. n. Usually with hyphens.

A side-by-side firearm.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > hunting > shooting > shooting equipment > [noun] > shot-gun or fowling-piece > type of

turnabout1801

twelve1804

stanchion-gun1815

Joe Manton1816

ducking-gun1823

punt gun1824

Purdey1830

shore-gun1841

woodcock gun1858

seven-bore1859

twelve-bore1859

twelve-gauge1859

choke1875

choke-bore1875

cripple-stopper1881

over-and-under1889

ten-gauge1894

ducker1896

tschinke1910

under-and-over1911

over-under1913

side by side1947

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > [noun] > type of firearm > by method of construction

screw gun1678

side by side1947

1947 Gun Digest 3 72/1 Among the different types of round ball rifles we have the double barrel side-by-side, the superposed or over-under, [etc.].

1979 G. Hammond Dead Game ii. 32 I saw all the guns... Two..were over-and-unders, the rest side-by-sides.

2006 Field July 71/3 Robertson and Henderson were able to build a superposed gun that was sufficiently shallow and sleek to compete aesthetically with side-by-sides.

Derivatives

side-by-ˈsideness n.

ΚΠ

1865 J. Grote Exploratio Philosophica Pt. I i. 166 I suppose co-existence in space means proximity, side-by-sideness—equally exclusive of occupation of the same space or of a remote one.

1916 J. Dewey Ess. Exper. Logic iii. 118 The side-by-sideness of books on my bookshelf, the succession of noises that rise through my window, do not trouble me logically.

2005 New Yorker 21 Nov. 101/3 Somehow, side-by-sideness is a felt condition, even of his single figures.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	side by side
释义	side by sideadv.adj.n. Brit. /ˌsʌɪd bʌɪ ˈsʌɪd/, U.S. /ˌsaɪd baɪ ˈsaɪd/ Forms: see side n.¹ and by prep. and side n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: side n.¹, by prep. Etymology: < side n.¹ + by prep. + side n.¹ A. adv. 1. a. With reference to people or animals: close together and facing in the same direction; abreast. Also with with: next to, beside.Frequently with connotations of companionship or mutual support. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > nearness > near by [phrase] > close together side by sidec1275 cheek by cheek?a1400 hand by hand?a1439 close1489 hand for hand1490 shoulder to shouldera1586 at (the) eye's end1628 knee to knee1760 corps à corps1890 the world > space > relative position > state or position of being parallel > [adverb] > abreast side by sidec1275 beside1340 afronta1425 side to side?c1450 sidelingsa1540 abreast1567 evenly1583 breastwise1613 fair1685 sidelong1803 sidlingly1859 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9892 Þa duȝeðe..hine þer bureden bi leofen his broðer. side bi side beiene heo þer liggeð. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 1786 Thinc no man ferli þat þar suam Side bi side, bath wolf and man. ?1555 Ld. Morley tr. Petrarch Tryumphes sig. I.ii^v There was there also Curio and Fabricius..There folowed these twayne euen syde by syde Cincinato to whom the Romaynes cryed. 1581 C. Merbury Briefe Disc. Royall Monarchie (new ed.) 4 It is no small comforte vnto an English Gentleman, finding him selfe in a farre countrey, when he may..sit side by side with the proudest Spagniard [etc.]. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. ii. 73 The Wolfe and Lambe, Lyons and Bucks, doo row Vpon the Waters, side by side suspect-les. 1686 tr. J. Chardin Coronation Solyman 88 in Trav. Persia They rank themselves, either in a circle, or side by side. 1719 N. Rowe tr. Lucan Pharsalia iii. 117 Friendlike, and side by side, two Brethren fought. 1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 101 There march'd the bard and blockhead, side by side. 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe II. iv. 59 They rode side by side for some time, during which Gurth maintained a moody silence. 1864 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend (1865) I. i. ix. 76 They sat side by side, a hopelessly Unfashionable pair. 1918 Princeton Alumni Weekly 2 Oct. 14/1 I have been in the same regiment with him and fought side by side with him. 1972 D. Lees Zodiac 191 We found ourselves side by side on one of the sun loungers. 2003 I. Rankin Question of Blood (2004) ii. 41 The two of them sat side by side, not noticing the light outside waning. b. With reference to things: with the sides touching or close together; next to one another. ΚΠ 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Consero Latus lateri conserere, to sette side by side. 1594 T. Blundeville Exercises iii. ii. vi. f. 181^v Foure barley kernels couched close together side by side, and not end long, are saide to make a finger breadth. 1625 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated ii. xiii. 214 The litle kingdome of Porus which lay side by side against the East Indies. 1673 J. Ogilby Asia 24/1 The Books lie in several Chests, not set side by side, but heap'd one upon the other, and lock'd up. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. iv. viii. 52 The Skulls lay side by side . View more context for this quotation 1770 R. Baker Refl. Eng. Lang. Pref. p. vi A Comparison of two Objects being best made, when they are placed near to each other, or Side by Side. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 15 Fox-glove and night-shade, side by side. 1845 G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. 5th Ser. i. 24 The man with the peel then arranged the biscuits side by side over the whole floor of the oven. 1914 A. A. Brill tr. S. Freud Psychopathol. Everyday Life viii. 181 For many years a reflex hammer and a tuning-fork lay side by side on my desk. 1987 D. Gersi Explorer iii. 79 The palace was made of thick bamboo logs tied tightly side by side. 2013 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 16 Sept. b3/2 One approach is to stack transistors..rather than line them up side by side. 2. In extended use. In the same time or place; in close association; together. Frequently with with: in parallel with; at the same time as; alongside. ΚΠ 1629 E. Lechmere Disputation of Church ii. vii. 212 Much lesse will you find, that, begining the same tyme, it [sc. Arianisme] ranne side by side in an equall or a fuller streame through all ages to this daie and were so to continue. 1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. I. iii. 66 It [sc. the Commerce of Books] goes side by side with me in my whole Course, and every where is assisting to me. 1775 W. Mason Gray's Ode Vicissitude in Poems 80 Mark where Indolence, and Pride..Go, softly rolling, side by side, Their dull, but daily round. 1827 J. C. Hare & A. W. Hare Guesses at Truth I. 171 It is really hard that winter cannot be praised, without abusing summer in the same breath; that they cannot be allowed to exist side by side in our thoughts, as they exist in nature. 1853 Edinb. Rev. 98 330 Side by side with these various shades of High and Low Church, another party of a different character has always existed in the Church of England. 1861 G. J. Goschen Theory Foreign Exchanges 58 If there is a large paper currency side by side with the gold. 1902 L. Wiener Anthol. Russ. Lit. I. i. 14 With the usual achronism of its literature, legends of the eleventh and eighteenth centuries live side by side, or mingle in the same version. 1974 F. L. Cross & E. A. Livingstone Oxf. Dict. Christian Church (ed. 2) 928/2 Molinism is still taught side by side with Thomism and other established systems. 2007 Independent 11 Dec. (Extra section) 2/3 Aid agencies..work to turn Kosovo back into a place where the two communities can live side by side in peace. B. adj. (attributive). Usually with hyphens. 1. Set side by side; characterized by or involving people or things set side by side. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > state or position of being parallel > [adjective] > abreast of each other abreast1567 side by side1833 1833 Morning Chron. 16 Jan. Alone on the easel..proves to be not exactly like a side by side position, with the public as critics. 1859 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 4th Ser. 17 236 In the following experiments the latter (side by side) arrangement was always adopted. 1930 Times Educ. Suppl. 27 Dec. p. i/3 Side-by-side valves instead of the overhead valves. 1956 R. Redfield Peasant Society & Culture i. 20 Those early comparisons were side-by-side comparisons of societies unaffected by cities and civilization. 1969 K. Munson Pioneer Aircraft 1903–14 152/2 An aluminium nacelle encompassing side-by-side seats for pilot and passenger. 2010 New Yorker 20 Dec. 80/1 The recently remodelled kitchen..contains an enormous side-by-side refrigerator. 2. Sport. Designating a race or competition in which contestants start at the same time, racing alongside each other.In Rowing, side-by-side races are often contrasted with head races (head race n. 2) or bumps races (see bump n.² Compounds 1). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > [adjective] > types of race well-run1601 unpaced1636 all-age1806 close-run1813 level1826 long distance1826 handicapped1828 neck and neck1828 timed1839 point-to-point1875 side by side1881 middle distance1886 paced1899 two-horse1976 1881 Dundee Advertiser 2 May 6/5 The crews..had to row one behind the other, and (possibly not doing their best from lacking the stimulus which a side-by-side race gives) the Aberdeen oarsmen were defeated. 1894 H. Peel Polar Gleams x. 161 The charming little horses..are very liable to plunge their little feet into the open space of the outrigger and the runner of the sledge which it is passing. This did actually occur on one of my former journeys, and I then made up my mind for no more 'side by side' racing. 1922 Western Gaz. 22 Sept. 9 The road surface of the track was quite good. There was plenty of width for side by side racing, both for solo cycles and side-cars. 1935 Daily News-Jrnl. (Murfreesboro, Tennessee) 29 Aug. 2/1 Only night before last two speed-fiends indulged in a wild side-by-side race out the street, pushing all comers off the paving in their mad career. 1957 H. Cleaver Hist. Rowing v. 67 Always the chief races were rowed in fours and sixes, no serious attempt having been made to man eights, because side-by-side races would have been impossible. 1969 Skiing Spring 57 [It] pitted ten members from each team against each other in side-by-side competition instead of in the customary race against the clock. 2010 S. Fry Fry Chrons. 110 The river isn't wide enough to allow a side-by-side regatta which is why these peculiar Lent and May Week Bumps evolved. 3. Of a firearm: having two barrels set side by side rather than one above the other. Cf. over-and-under adj. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > shooting > shooting equipment > [adjective] > type of shot-gun choke-bored1875 under-and-over1881 ten-bore1892 ten-gauge1894 sawed-off1898 sawn-off1915 side by side1919 over-under1926 over-and-under1930 1919 U.S. Patent 1,302,910 1/1 This invention relates to means whereby one trigger only is employed for a double barrel gun, of either the over and under or side by side type. 1964 H. L. Peterson Encycl. Firearms 139/1 Shortening the barrels made the guns still lighter, and this in turn made the side-by-side double-barreled fowling piece practical. 1980 Outdoor Life (U.S.) Oct. (Northeast ed.) 53/1 I had this double-barreled side-by-side 20-gauge Savage-Fox, the ugliest thing ever made. 2013 T. Wieland Shooter's Guide Shotguns iii. 44/1 No wonder the design and production of side-by-side guns in the two countries are so closely related! C. n. Usually with hyphens. A side-by-side firearm. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > shooting > shooting equipment > [noun] > shot-gun or fowling-piece > type of turnabout1801 twelve1804 stanchion-gun1815 Joe Manton1816 Joe Manton1816 ducking-gun1823 punt gun1824 Purdey1830 shore-gun1841 woodcock gun1858 seven-bore1859 twelve-bore1859 twelve-gauge1859 choke1875 choke-bore1875 cripple-stopper1881 over-and-under1889 ten-gauge1894 ducker1896 tschinke1910 under-and-over1911 over-under1913 side by side1947 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > [noun] > type of firearm > by method of construction screw gun1678 side by side1947 1947 Gun Digest 3 72/1 Among the different types of round ball rifles we have the double barrel side-by-side, the superposed or over-under, [etc.]. 1979 G. Hammond Dead Game ii. 32 I saw all the guns... Two..were over-and-unders, the rest side-by-sides. 2006 Field July 71/3 Robertson and Henderson were able to build a superposed gun that was sufficiently shallow and sleek to compete aesthetically with side-by-sides. Derivatives side-by-ˈsideness n. ΚΠ 1865 J. Grote Exploratio Philosophica Pt. I i. 166 I suppose co-existence in space means proximity, side-by-sideness—equally exclusive of occupation of the same space or of a remote one. 1916 J. Dewey Ess. Exper. Logic iii. 118 The side-by-sideness of books on my bookshelf, the succession of noises that rise through my window, do not trouble me logically. 2005 New Yorker 21 Nov. 101/3 Somehow, side-by-sideness is a felt condition, even of his single figures. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adv.adj.n.c1275
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