sidero-comb. form¹

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek σιδηρο-.

Etymology: < ancient Greek σιδηρο-, combining form (in e.g. σιδηρόδετος iron-bound) of σίδηρος iron (of unknown origin); compare -o- connective.Attested earliest in the early 18th cent. in sideromancy n.¹, an isolated adaptation from French or Latin. Formations in English are found from the late 18th cent. in mineralogy (compare 1), earliest in siderocalcite n. at sense 1, and formations in mineralogy are relatively common from the early 19th cent., when borrowings and adaptations are also found from French (compare e.g. sideroclepte n.), siderolithic adj. at sense 2) and German (compare e.g. sideroschisolite n.); compare also the Spanish loan sideronatrite n. Formations in other scientific and technical contexts are found from the 19th cent. (compare e.g. siderographic adj., siderography n., and also siderodromophobia n., a borrowing from German, and siderotechny n. at sense 2, sideroscope n. at sense 2, adaptations from French). Formations in medicine are attested from the beginning of the 20th cent., earliest in adaptations from German and French (compare e.g. siderophile adj., siderocyte n.). A number of other compounds, which have had little or no currency in English, are listed in H. Watts Dict. Chem. (1868) and A. H. Chester Dict. Names Minerals (1896). Combining with elements ultimately of Latin and Greek origin. Compare French sidéro- (formations in which are found from at least the early 18th cent.), German sidero- (formations in which are found from at least the late 18th cent.).

Chiefly Science.

1. Forming nouns, mainly the names of minerals, and adjectives with the sense ‘relating to or containing iron’.

siderocalcite n.

Brit.

/ˌsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)ˈkalsʌɪt/

/ˌsʌɪdərə(ʊ)ˈkalsʌɪt/

U.S.

/ˌsɪdərəˈkælˌsaɪt/

/ˌsaɪdərəˈkælˌsaɪt/

now rare or disused a variety of dolomite containing iron.

ΚΠ

1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 109 It may be inferred that braun spar, or sidero-calcite, exhibits in its composition various gradations to or from the sparry iron ore.

1818 T. Walford Sci. Tourist Ireland at Kilkenny The most curious mineralogical specimen is called Sidero-calcite, so plentiful as to have been used for repairing the roads.

1921 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 29 664 Medium-grained siderocalcite.

† siderographite n. Obsolete rare a supposed mineral formed from iron and graphite.

ΚΠ

1820 J. Torrey in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 2 176 I have just discovered a new mineral, or one which I cannot find described. It is a compound of metallic iron and plumbago... I have called it Sidero-graphite.

1896 A. H. Chester Dict. Names Minerals 248 Siderographite,..considered a native compound of iron and graphite, but probably a furnace product.

† sideromagnesian adj. Obsolete rare = ferromagnesian adj.

ΚΠ

1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy I. 131 It is so much impregnated with iron, that it belongs to the sideromagnesian rocks.

siderophyllite n.

Brit.

/ˌsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)ˈfɪlʌɪt/

/ˌsʌɪdərə(ʊ)ˈfɪlʌɪt/

U.S.

/ˌsɪdərəˈfɪˌlaɪt/

/ˌsaɪdərəˈfɪˌlaɪt/

a dark green to black iron-rich mineral of the mica group occurring typically in pegmatites.Chemical formula: KFe₂Al₃Si₂O₁₀(F,OH)₂. Crystal system: monoclinic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > phyllosilicate > [noun] > mica > biotite > varieties

rubellan1832

haughtonite1878

hydrobiotite1881

siderophyllite1881

caswellite1894

1881 H. C. Lewis in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1880 255 The name of Siderophyllite..has been given in allusion to the large percentage of iron which it contains.

1959 N.Z. Jrnl. Geol. & Geophysics 2 389 The biotite is an iron-rich variety, probably approaching siderophyllite in composition.

2004 W. D. Nesse Introd. Optical Mineral. (ed. 3) xi. 171/1 Most biotite compositions are some variation of the four end members phlogopite.., annite.., siderophyllite.., and ‘eastonite’.

2. Forming words more generally relating to iron or the presence of iron.

siderochrome n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)krəʊm/

/ˈsʌɪdərə(ʊ)krəʊm/

U.S.

/ˈsɪdərəˌkroʊm/

/ˈsaɪdərəˌkroʊm/

[ < sidero- comb. form¹ + -chrome comb. form, after German Siderochrom (H. Bickel et al. 1960, in Experientia 16 121/2)] Biochemistry = siderophore n. (b).

ΚΠ

1961 Chem. Abstr. 55 23684 Sideromycins, sideramines, and other unidentified Fe-contg. biol. active substances are taken together as a group called siderochromes.

1976 Nature 19 Aug. 722/2 Microbial iron-transport compounds, or siderochromes are of two general structural types, the phenolates and the hydroxamates.

2001 J. Belnap & O. L. Lange Biol. Soil Crusts xxi. 284 Together with siderochromes, these substances form complexes with tricalcium phosphate.

siderolithic adj.

Brit.

/ˌsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)ˈlɪθɪk/

/ˌsʌɪdərə(ʊ)ˈlɪθɪk/

U.S.

/ˌsɪdərəˈlɪθɪk/

/ˌsaɪdərəˈlɪθɪk/

(also siderolitic) [ < sidero- comb. form¹ + -lithic comb. form, after French sidérolitique (also sidérolithique) (J. Thurmann 1836)] Geology designating a geological formation characterized by the prevalence of iron ores or iron-rich rocks.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > constellation > comet or meteor > meteor > [adjective] > meteorite > siderolite

siderolithic1857

stony-iron1918

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [adjective] > meteorite

stony1802

meteorolitic1824

aerolitic1850

siderolithic1857

meteoritic1865

chondritic1866

oligosideric1881

meteorital1889

stony-iron1918

micrometeoritic1958

nakhlitic1963

1857 Nat. Hist. Rev. 4 33 (Chavannes) Note on the Siderolitic formation of Chamblon near Yverdon—p. 311.

1862 Geologist 5 397 A geological description, comprising notices of the Triassic,..Siderolithic, Molasse, Tertiary, and modern deposits.

1899 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 326 Intermediate or siderolithic varieties consist of an amalgam of metal and stone.

1997 M.-M. Blanc-Valleron & M. Schuler in G. Busson & B. C. Schreiber Sedimentary Deposition in Rift & Foreland Basins in France & Spain iii. 116/2 Siderolithic refers to the residual ironstones that developed earlier as alteration products and were then reworked.

sideropenia n.

Brit.

/ˌsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)ˈpiːnɪə/

/ˌsʌɪdərə(ʊ)ˈpiːnɪə/

U.S.

/ˌsɪdərəˈpiniə/

/ˌsaɪdərəˈpiniə/

Medicine reduced concentration of iron in the blood.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > deficiency of other substances

hypinosis1845

anaemotrophy1860

hypoglycaemia1894

hypoleucocytosis1897

acapnia1898

leucopenia1898

hypothyroidism1905

hypocapnia1908

lymphopenia1909

hypoparathyroidism1910

neutropenia1915

thrombopenia1915

thrombocytopenia1921

agranulocytosis1923

hypocalcaemia1925

insulin shock1925

hypochloraemia1927

granulocytopenia1931

hypopotassaemia1932

hypomagnesaemia1933

hypoproteinaemia1934

hyponatraemia1935

hypophosphataemia1935

hypoprothrombinaemia1936

hypoalbuminaemia1937

sideropenia1938

afibrinogenaemia1941

pancytopenia1941

hypokalaemia1949

agammaglobulinaemia1952

hypogammaglobulinaemia1955

haemoglobinopathy1957

1938 J. Waldenström in Acta Med. Scand. Suppl. 90 395 All these factors may lead to the same result, most suitably called sideropenia.

1971 J. H. Dagg et al. in A. Goldberg & M. C. Brain Rec. Adv. Haematol. ii. 107 Sideropenia causes well-defined chemical and biochemical changes, and may be associated with the clinical tissue signs found in iron deficiency states.

2013 G. Spickett Oxf. Handbk. Clin. Immunol. & Allergy (ed. 3) ii. 111 Induced sideropenia due to sequestration is part of the body's response to chronic infection.

sideropenic adj.

Brit.

/ˌsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)ˈpiːnɪk/

/ˌsʌɪdərə(ʊ)ˈpiːnɪk/

U.S.

/ˌsɪdərəˈpinɪk/

/ˌsaɪdərəˈpinɪk/

Medicine of, relating to, characterized by, or associated with sideropenia.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [adjective] > deficiency of other substances

dispirited1740

hypinotic1855

hypoglycaemic1923

thrombocytopenic1923

thrombopenic1924

neutropenic1932

hypocalcaemic1935

hypoproteinaemic1935

sideropenic1939

hypoprothrombinaemic1942

hypophosphataemic1946

hypopotassaemic1950

hypokalaemic1953

agammaglobulinaemic1954

hyponatraemic1955

hypomagnesaemic1960

1939 Acta Radiologica 20 618 (title) The roentgenological diagnosis of sideropenic dysphagia.

1971 J. H. Dagg et al. in A. Goldberg & M. C. Brain Rec. Adv. Haematol. ii. 105 An erythrocyte protoporphyrin level above 40·0 μg per 100 ml. erythrocytes and a transferrin saturation of less than 16 per cent taken together, allow a firm diagnosis of the sideropenic state without the necessity for marrow biopsy.

2014 J. P. Greer et al. Wintrobe's Clin. Hematol. (ed. 13) xxiii. 633/1 Patients with sideropenic dysphagia..note a gradual onset of difficulty swallowing.

siderophage n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)feɪdʒ/

/ˈsʌɪdərə(ʊ)feɪdʒ/

U.S.

/ˈsɪdərəˌfeɪdʒ/

/ˈsaɪdərəˌfeɪdʒ/

[compare Hellenistic Greek σιδηροϕάγος that eats into iron] Histology and Pathology a phagocytic cell containing iron.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [noun] > phagocytic cells > leucocyte or lymphocyte

cytoid1850

leucocyte1870

cytode1883

macrophage1887

lymphocyte1890

memory cell1892

macrophagocyte1896

lymphoblast1909

thymocyte1929

siderophage1941

Sézary cells1953

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun] > white cells or corpuscles

white corpuscle1823

white cell1852

leucocyte1870

phagocyte1884

macrophage1887

microphage1887

lymphocyte1890

megakaryocyte1890

hyaline cell1894

macrophagocyte1896

microphagocyte1896

scavenger-cell1899

splenocyte1900

polymorph1902

granulocyte1906

lymphoblast1909

agranulocyte1913

monocyte1913

stab1929

hyaline leucocyte1931

smudge cell1937

heterophile1938

siderophage1941

1941 Cornell Veterinarian 31 270 (caption) Numerous erthyrophages and some siderophages are present in the sinuses.

1970 R. Passmore & J. S. Robson Compan. Med. Stud. II. xxi. 11/1 In lesions where there has been much haemorrhage, phagocytosis of iron pigment results in a pigmented stippling of the cytoplasm [of macrophages], and such cells are termed siderophages.

2004 Jrnl. Avian Med. & Surg. 18 159/2 Hemosiderin..requires approximately 48-72 hours to form in siderophages after recent skin wounds.

siderophilin n.

Brit.

/ˌsɪdəˈrɒfᵻlɪn/

/ˌsʌɪdəˈrɒfᵻlɪn/

U.S.

/ˌsɪdəˈrɑfələn/

/ˌsaɪdəˈrɑfələn/

[ < sidero- comb. form¹ + -phile comb. form + -in suffix¹According to A. L. Schade in Proc. 7th Internal. Conf. Proteins Iron Metabolism (1985), the name was coined by a cousin of E. J. Cohn, and was at first (in late 1944) tentatively associated with a component of egg white (subsequently identified as conalbumin), and then reassigned to the iron-binding fraction of plasma protein identified by Schade and L. Caroline in 1946.] Biochemistry (now rare) = transferrin n.

ΚΠ

1948 Biol. Bull. 95 282 Hydroxyl ion is also required to form the salmon-pink complexes of siderophilin and conalbumin.

1971 Nature 28 May 250/1 Transferrin (siderophilin) is a beta-globulin found universally in vertebrate serum.

2014 Clinica Chimica Acta 434 35/1 Ferroportin allows iron binding to transferrin (also called siderophilin).

siderophore n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)fɔː/

/ˈsʌɪdərə(ʊ)fɔː/

U.S.

/ˈsɪdərəˌfɔr/

/ˈsaɪdərəˌfɔr/

(a) Histology = siderophage n. (now rare); (b) Biochemistry any of various substances of microbial origin that are capable of chelating iron.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > [noun] > substance produced by

siderophore1910

1910 F. H. A. Marshall Physiol. Reprod. x. 418 Some of them [sc. leukocytes], the siderophores, contain granules which give an iron reaction.

1947 Brit. Jrnl. Radiol. 20 106/2 The pulmonary tissue between the nodules was remarkably normal and contained only scanty intra-alveolar siderophores.

1973 C. E. Lankford in CRC Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 2 290/2 In consideration of possible existence of functional ferrous-iron chelating compounds in the microbial world [etc.],..the term siderochrome could become nondescriptive of functionally related compounds of microbial origin. A term such as siderophore might be more appropriate.

2009 Nature 5 Feb. 638/3 Bacteria use two biosynthetic pathways to create iron-scavenging molecules, called siderophores, that are essential to their proliferation.

sideroscope n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)skəʊp/

/ˈsʌɪdərə(ʊ)skəʊp/

U.S.

/ˈsɪdərəˌskoʊp/

/ˈsaɪdərəˌskoʊp/

[ < sidero- comb. form¹ + -scope comb. form, after French sidéroscope (A. C. M. Le Baillif 1827, in Bull. des sci. 8 87)] now rare and historical any of several sensitive instruments making use of magnetism to detect iron; esp. an instrument for locating a small piece of iron in the eye by observing the deviation of a protected magnetic needle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetic devices or materials > [noun] > detecting instrument

sideroscope1827

1827 Dublin Philos. Jrnl. 2 603 M. Becquerel has invented a very delicate magnetic apparatus, which he has denominated a sideroscope.

1902 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 1 Nov. 1433/2 The localizing of iron splinters in the eyeball has attained great perfection by means of Asmus's sideroscope.

1994 Ann. Sci. 51 392 The Frenchman A. C. M. Le Baillif..rediscovered this effect [sc. the repulsion of bismuth by a magnet] and established its presence also in antimony, by means of his ‘sideroscope’, a sensitive instrument built to reveal traces of magnetic impurities in matter.

siderosome n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)səʊm/

/ˈsʌɪdərə(ʊ)səʊm/

U.S.

/ˈsɪdərəˌsoʊm/

/ˈsaɪdərəˌsoʊm/

Histology and Pathology a membrane-bound cytoplasmic body containing iron.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [noun] > other organelles or contents

raphide1831

body1839

raphid1863

mucigen1874

cell sap1875

globoid1875

raphis1879

pyrenoid1883

mucinogen1884

plastid1885

molluscum corpuscle1886

hyalosome1889

molluscum body1892

statolith1892

dictyosome1893

centrosome1895

Nissl body1898

Nissl granule1898

Nissl substance1899

archespore1901

blepharoplast1907

liposome1910

statocone1910

kinetosome1912

Golgi body1916

kinetoplast1925

lipochondrion1936

microsome1943

kappa1945

Pappenheimer body1947

microbody1954

lysosome1955

siderosome1957

ribosome1958

melanosome1961

cisterna1962

microtubule1962

plasmalemmasome1962

phagolysosome1963

informosome1964

monosome1964

mucocyst1965

peroxisome1965

rhoptry1967

spectrin1968

virosome1970

1957 G. W. Richter in Jrnl. Exper. Med. 106 208 At the present time..the author proposes that such membranous bodies containing aggregates of dense particles be called ‘siderosomes’.

1979 Experientia 35 256/1 The hepatic increase of ferric deposits (ferritin, siderosomes and lipofuscin aggregates) more or less overloaded in iron in relatives of idiopathic hemochromatosis is well-known.

1991 D. E. Sonenshine Biol. Ticks I. ix. 165 As the ticks age, the siderosomes resemble residual bodies..containing hematin.

† siderotechny n. [ < sidero- comb. form¹ + -techny comb. form, after French sidérotechnie (1775)] Obsolete the art of working iron; the metallurgy of iron and steel.

ΚΠ

1863 Pract. Mechanic's Jrnl. Jan. 253/1 This single branch of metallurgy, siderotechny—the manufacture of steel is..pregnant with consequences.

1896 Amer. Anthropologist 9 191 (heading) Absence of siderotechny from America.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sidero-
释义	sidero-comb. form¹ Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek σιδηρο-. Etymology: < ancient Greek σιδηρο-, combining form (in e.g. σιδηρόδετος iron-bound) of σίδηρος iron (of unknown origin); compare -o- connective.Attested earliest in the early 18th cent. in sideromancy n.¹, an isolated adaptation from French or Latin. Formations in English are found from the late 18th cent. in mineralogy (compare 1), earliest in siderocalcite n. at sense 1, and formations in mineralogy are relatively common from the early 19th cent., when borrowings and adaptations are also found from French (compare e.g. sideroclepte n.), siderolithic adj. at sense 2) and German (compare e.g. sideroschisolite n.); compare also the Spanish loan sideronatrite n. Formations in other scientific and technical contexts are found from the 19th cent. (compare e.g. siderographic adj., siderography n., and also siderodromophobia n., a borrowing from German, and siderotechny n. at sense 2, sideroscope n. at sense 2, adaptations from French). Formations in medicine are attested from the beginning of the 20th cent., earliest in adaptations from German and French (compare e.g. siderophile adj., siderocyte n.). A number of other compounds, which have had little or no currency in English, are listed in H. Watts Dict. Chem. (1868) and A. H. Chester Dict. Names Minerals (1896). Combining with elements ultimately of Latin and Greek origin. Compare French sidéro- (formations in which are found from at least the early 18th cent.), German sidero- (formations in which are found from at least the late 18th cent.). Chiefly Science. 1. Forming nouns, mainly the names of minerals, and adjectives with the sense ‘relating to or containing iron’. siderocalcite n. Brit. /ˌsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)ˈkalsʌɪt/ , /ˌsʌɪdərə(ʊ)ˈkalsʌɪt/ , U.S. /ˌsɪdərəˈkælˌsaɪt/ , /ˌsaɪdərəˈkælˌsaɪt/ now rare or disused a variety of dolomite containing iron. ΚΠ 1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 109 It may be inferred that braun spar, or sidero-calcite, exhibits in its composition various gradations to or from the sparry iron ore. 1818 T. Walford Sci. Tourist Ireland at Kilkenny The most curious mineralogical specimen is called Sidero-calcite, so plentiful as to have been used for repairing the roads. 1921 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 29 664 Medium-grained siderocalcite. † siderographite n. Obsolete rare a supposed mineral formed from iron and graphite. ΚΠ 1820 J. Torrey in Amer. Jrnl. Sci. 2 176 I have just discovered a new mineral, or one which I cannot find described. It is a compound of metallic iron and plumbago... I have called it Sidero-graphite. 1896 A. H. Chester Dict. Names Minerals 248 Siderographite,..considered a native compound of iron and graphite, but probably a furnace product. † sideromagnesian adj. Obsolete rare = ferromagnesian adj. ΚΠ 1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy I. 131 It is so much impregnated with iron, that it belongs to the sideromagnesian rocks. siderophyllite n. Brit. /ˌsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)ˈfɪlʌɪt/ , /ˌsʌɪdərə(ʊ)ˈfɪlʌɪt/ , U.S. /ˌsɪdərəˈfɪˌlaɪt/ , /ˌsaɪdərəˈfɪˌlaɪt/ a dark green to black iron-rich mineral of the mica group occurring typically in pegmatites.Chemical formula: KFe₂Al₃Si₂O₁₀(F,OH)₂. Crystal system: monoclinic. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > phyllosilicate > [noun] > mica > biotite > varieties rubellan1832 haughtonite1878 hydrobiotite1881 siderophyllite1881 caswellite1894 1881 H. C. Lewis in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1880 255 The name of Siderophyllite..has been given in allusion to the large percentage of iron which it contains. 1959 N.Z. Jrnl. Geol. & Geophysics 2 389 The biotite is an iron-rich variety, probably approaching siderophyllite in composition. 2004 W. D. Nesse Introd. Optical Mineral. (ed. 3) xi. 171/1 Most biotite compositions are some variation of the four end members phlogopite.., annite.., siderophyllite.., and ‘eastonite’. 2. Forming words more generally relating to iron or the presence of iron. siderochrome n. Brit. /ˈsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)krəʊm/ , /ˈsʌɪdərə(ʊ)krəʊm/ , U.S. /ˈsɪdərəˌkroʊm/ , /ˈsaɪdərəˌkroʊm/ [ < sidero- comb. form¹ + -chrome comb. form, after German Siderochrom (H. Bickel et al. 1960, in Experientia 16 121/2)] Biochemistry = siderophore n. (b). ΚΠ 1961 Chem. Abstr. 55 23684 Sideromycins, sideramines, and other unidentified Fe-contg. biol. active substances are taken together as a group called siderochromes. 1976 Nature 19 Aug. 722/2 Microbial iron-transport compounds, or siderochromes are of two general structural types, the phenolates and the hydroxamates. 2001 J. Belnap & O. L. Lange Biol. Soil Crusts xxi. 284 Together with siderochromes, these substances form complexes with tricalcium phosphate. siderolithic adj. Brit. /ˌsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)ˈlɪθɪk/ , /ˌsʌɪdərə(ʊ)ˈlɪθɪk/ , U.S. /ˌsɪdərəˈlɪθɪk/ , /ˌsaɪdərəˈlɪθɪk/ (also siderolitic) [ < sidero- comb. form¹ + -lithic comb. form, after French sidérolitique (also sidérolithique) (J. Thurmann 1836)] Geology designating a geological formation characterized by the prevalence of iron ores or iron-rich rocks. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > constellation > comet or meteor > meteor > [adjective] > meteorite > siderolite siderolithic1857 stony-iron1918 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [adjective] > meteorite stony1802 meteorolitic1824 aerolitic1850 siderolithic1857 meteoritic1865 chondritic1866 oligosideric1881 meteorital1889 stony-iron1918 micrometeoritic1958 nakhlitic1963 1857 Nat. Hist. Rev. 4 33 (Chavannes) Note on the Siderolitic formation of Chamblon near Yverdon—p. 311. 1862 Geologist 5 397 A geological description, comprising notices of the Triassic,..Siderolithic, Molasse, Tertiary, and modern deposits. 1899 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 326 Intermediate or siderolithic varieties consist of an amalgam of metal and stone. 1997 M.-M. Blanc-Valleron & M. Schuler in G. Busson & B. C. Schreiber Sedimentary Deposition in Rift & Foreland Basins in France & Spain iii. 116/2 Siderolithic refers to the residual ironstones that developed earlier as alteration products and were then reworked. sideropenia n. Brit. /ˌsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)ˈpiːnɪə/ , /ˌsʌɪdərə(ʊ)ˈpiːnɪə/ , U.S. /ˌsɪdərəˈpiniə/ , /ˌsaɪdərəˈpiniə/ Medicine reduced concentration of iron in the blood. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > deficiency of other substances hypinosis1845 anaemotrophy1860 hypoglycaemia1894 hypoleucocytosis1897 acapnia1898 leucopenia1898 hypothyroidism1905 hypocapnia1908 lymphopenia1909 hypoparathyroidism1910 neutropenia1915 thrombopenia1915 thrombocytopenia1921 agranulocytosis1923 hypocalcaemia1925 insulin shock1925 hypochloraemia1927 granulocytopenia1931 hypopotassaemia1932 hypomagnesaemia1933 hypoproteinaemia1934 hyponatraemia1935 hypophosphataemia1935 hypoprothrombinaemia1936 hypoalbuminaemia1937 sideropenia1938 afibrinogenaemia1941 pancytopenia1941 hypokalaemia1949 agammaglobulinaemia1952 hypogammaglobulinaemia1955 haemoglobinopathy1957 1938 J. Waldenström in Acta Med. Scand. Suppl. 90 395 All these factors may lead to the same result, most suitably called sideropenia. 1971 J. H. Dagg et al. in A. Goldberg & M. C. Brain Rec. Adv. Haematol. ii. 107 Sideropenia causes well-defined chemical and biochemical changes, and may be associated with the clinical tissue signs found in iron deficiency states. 2013 G. Spickett Oxf. Handbk. Clin. Immunol. & Allergy (ed. 3) ii. 111 Induced sideropenia due to sequestration is part of the body's response to chronic infection. sideropenic adj. Brit. /ˌsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)ˈpiːnɪk/ , /ˌsʌɪdərə(ʊ)ˈpiːnɪk/ , U.S. /ˌsɪdərəˈpinɪk/ , /ˌsaɪdərəˈpinɪk/ Medicine of, relating to, characterized by, or associated with sideropenia. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [adjective] > deficiency of other substances dispirited1740 hypinotic1855 hypoglycaemic1923 thrombocytopenic1923 thrombopenic1924 neutropenic1932 hypocalcaemic1935 hypoproteinaemic1935 sideropenic1939 hypoprothrombinaemic1942 hypophosphataemic1946 hypopotassaemic1950 hypokalaemic1953 agammaglobulinaemic1954 hyponatraemic1955 hypomagnesaemic1960 1939 Acta Radiologica 20 618 (title) The roentgenological diagnosis of sideropenic dysphagia. 1971 J. H. Dagg et al. in A. Goldberg & M. C. Brain Rec. Adv. Haematol. ii. 105 An erythrocyte protoporphyrin level above 40·0 μg per 100 ml. erythrocytes and a transferrin saturation of less than 16 per cent taken together, allow a firm diagnosis of the sideropenic state without the necessity for marrow biopsy. 2014 J. P. Greer et al. Wintrobe's Clin. Hematol. (ed. 13) xxiii. 633/1 Patients with sideropenic dysphagia..note a gradual onset of difficulty swallowing. siderophage n. Brit. /ˈsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)feɪdʒ/ , /ˈsʌɪdərə(ʊ)feɪdʒ/ , U.S. /ˈsɪdərəˌfeɪdʒ/ , /ˈsaɪdərəˌfeɪdʒ/ [compare Hellenistic Greek σιδηροϕάγος that eats into iron] Histology and Pathology a phagocytic cell containing iron. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [noun] > phagocytic cells > leucocyte or lymphocyte cytoid1850 leucocyte1870 cytode1883 macrophage1887 lymphocyte1890 memory cell1892 macrophagocyte1896 lymphoblast1909 thymocyte1929 siderophage1941 Sézary cells1953 the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun] > white cells or corpuscles white corpuscle1823 white cell1852 leucocyte1870 phagocyte1884 macrophage1887 microphage1887 lymphocyte1890 megakaryocyte1890 hyaline cell1894 macrophagocyte1896 microphagocyte1896 scavenger-cell1899 splenocyte1900 polymorph1902 granulocyte1906 lymphoblast1909 agranulocyte1913 monocyte1913 stab1929 hyaline leucocyte1931 smudge cell1937 heterophile1938 siderophage1941 1941 Cornell Veterinarian 31 270 (caption) Numerous erthyrophages and some siderophages are present in the sinuses. 1970 R. Passmore & J. S. Robson Compan. Med. Stud. II. xxi. 11/1 In lesions where there has been much haemorrhage, phagocytosis of iron pigment results in a pigmented stippling of the cytoplasm [of macrophages], and such cells are termed siderophages. 2004 Jrnl. Avian Med. & Surg. 18 159/2 Hemosiderin..requires approximately 48-72 hours to form in siderophages after recent skin wounds. siderophilin n. Brit. /ˌsɪdəˈrɒfᵻlɪn/ , /ˌsʌɪdəˈrɒfᵻlɪn/ , U.S. /ˌsɪdəˈrɑfələn/ , /ˌsaɪdəˈrɑfələn/ [ < sidero- comb. form¹ + -phile comb. form + -in suffix¹According to A. L. Schade in Proc. 7th Internal. Conf. Proteins Iron Metabolism (1985), the name was coined by a cousin of E. J. Cohn, and was at first (in late 1944) tentatively associated with a component of egg white (subsequently identified as conalbumin), and then reassigned to the iron-binding fraction of plasma protein identified by Schade and L. Caroline in 1946.] Biochemistry (now rare) = transferrin n. ΚΠ 1948 Biol. Bull. 95 282 Hydroxyl ion is also required to form the salmon-pink complexes of siderophilin and conalbumin. 1971 Nature 28 May 250/1 Transferrin (siderophilin) is a beta-globulin found universally in vertebrate serum. 2014 Clinica Chimica Acta 434 35/1 Ferroportin allows iron binding to transferrin (also called siderophilin). siderophore n. Brit. /ˈsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)fɔː/ , /ˈsʌɪdərə(ʊ)fɔː/ , U.S. /ˈsɪdərəˌfɔr/ , /ˈsaɪdərəˌfɔr/ (a) Histology = siderophage n. (now rare); (b) Biochemistry any of various substances of microbial origin that are capable of chelating iron. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > [noun] > substance produced by siderophore1910 1910 F. H. A. Marshall Physiol. Reprod. x. 418 Some of them [sc. leukocytes], the siderophores, contain granules which give an iron reaction. 1947 Brit. Jrnl. Radiol. 20 106/2 The pulmonary tissue between the nodules was remarkably normal and contained only scanty intra-alveolar siderophores. 1973 C. E. Lankford in CRC Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 2 290/2 In consideration of possible existence of functional ferrous-iron chelating compounds in the microbial world [etc.],..the term siderochrome could become nondescriptive of functionally related compounds of microbial origin. A term such as siderophore might be more appropriate. 2009 Nature 5 Feb. 638/3 Bacteria use two biosynthetic pathways to create iron-scavenging molecules, called siderophores, that are essential to their proliferation. sideroscope n. Brit. /ˈsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)skəʊp/ , /ˈsʌɪdərə(ʊ)skəʊp/ , U.S. /ˈsɪdərəˌskoʊp/ , /ˈsaɪdərəˌskoʊp/ [ < sidero- comb. form¹ + -scope comb. form, after French sidéroscope (A. C. M. Le Baillif 1827, in Bull. des sci. 8 87)] now rare and historical any of several sensitive instruments making use of magnetism to detect iron; esp. an instrument for locating a small piece of iron in the eye by observing the deviation of a protected magnetic needle. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetic devices or materials > [noun] > detecting instrument sideroscope1827 1827 Dublin Philos. Jrnl. 2 603 M. Becquerel has invented a very delicate magnetic apparatus, which he has denominated a sideroscope. 1902 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 1 Nov. 1433/2 The localizing of iron splinters in the eyeball has attained great perfection by means of Asmus's sideroscope. 1994 Ann. Sci. 51 392 The Frenchman A. C. M. Le Baillif..rediscovered this effect [sc. the repulsion of bismuth by a magnet] and established its presence also in antimony, by means of his ‘sideroscope’, a sensitive instrument built to reveal traces of magnetic impurities in matter. siderosome n. Brit. /ˈsɪd(ə)rə(ʊ)səʊm/ , /ˈsʌɪdərə(ʊ)səʊm/ , U.S. /ˈsɪdərəˌsoʊm/ , /ˈsaɪdərəˌsoʊm/ Histology and Pathology a membrane-bound cytoplasmic body containing iron. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [noun] > other organelles or contents raphide1831 body1839 raphid1863 mucigen1874 cell sap1875 globoid1875 raphis1879 pyrenoid1883 mucinogen1884 plastid1885 molluscum corpuscle1886 hyalosome1889 molluscum body1892 statolith1892 dictyosome1893 centrosome1895 Nissl body1898 Nissl granule1898 Nissl substance1899 archespore1901 blepharoplast1907 liposome1910 statocone1910 kinetosome1912 Golgi body1916 kinetoplast1925 lipochondrion1936 microsome1943 kappa1945 Pappenheimer body1947 microbody1954 lysosome1955 siderosome1957 ribosome1958 melanosome1961 cisterna1962 microtubule1962 plasmalemmasome1962 phagolysosome1963 informosome1964 monosome1964 mucocyst1965 peroxisome1965 rhoptry1967 spectrin1968 virosome1970 1957 G. W. Richter in Jrnl. Exper. Med. 106 208 At the present time..the author proposes that such membranous bodies containing aggregates of dense particles be called ‘siderosomes’. 1979 Experientia 35 256/1 The hepatic increase of ferric deposits (ferritin, siderosomes and lipofuscin aggregates) more or less overloaded in iron in relatives of idiopathic hemochromatosis is well-known. 1991 D. E. Sonenshine Biol. Ticks I. ix. 165 As the ticks age, the siderosomes resemble residual bodies..containing hematin. † siderotechny n. [ < sidero- comb. form¹ + -techny comb. form, after French sidérotechnie (1775)] Obsolete the art of working iron; the metallurgy of iron and steel. ΚΠ 1863 Pract. Mechanic's Jrnl. Jan. 253/1 This single branch of metallurgy, siderotechny—the manufacture of steel is..pregnant with consequences. 1896 Amer. Anthropologist 9 191 (heading) Absence of siderotechny from America. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). sidero-comb. form² Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly; see e.g. siderostat n. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin sidero-. Etymology: < scientific Latin sidero-, irregular combining form (in e.g. Siderolites siderolite n.¹) of classical Latin sīder- , sīdus star (see sideral adj.); compare -o- connective.Attested in a small number of scientific formations from the first half of the 19th cent., earliest in borrowings and adaptations of Latin and French words (compare siderolite n.¹, sideropore n. ). Chiefly combining with elements ultimately of Latin origin. Compare French sidéro- (formations in which are found from at least the first half of the 19th cent.). Forming a small number of words with the sense ‘characterized by resemblance to a star in shape’. † siderolith n. Obsolete rare a fossil foraminiferan of the genus Siderolites, resembling a minute starfish; cf. siderolite n.¹Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Siderolith, a fossil nummulite of starlike or radiate figure. † sideropore n. [ < sidero- comb. form² + pore n.¹, after French sidéropore, scientific Latin Sideropora (both 1830 or earlier, attributed to Blainville)] Obsolete rare a scleractinian coral of the former genus Sideropora, having star-shaped apertures. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > zoophyte > [noun] > member of genus of zoophytes sideropore1846 1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 519 They [sc. the Seriatopores] graduate into the Sideropores on one side, and into the slender Pocillopores on the other. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < comb. form¹1794comb. form²1846
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sidero-comb. form1

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