singletn.

/ˈsɪŋɡlɪt/

Forms: Also dialect senglet, cinglet.

Etymology: < single adj. + -et suffix¹, after doublet n.

1. An unlined woollen garment (knitted or woven), now usually close-fitting and worn as an undershirt or jersey. Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > vest or undershirt > other

demy?1499

waistcoat1606

singlet1763

day shift1765

jersey1837

merinoc1915

T-shirt1920

Jacky Howe1936

string vest1951

1763 ‘T. Bobbin’ Toy-shop (new ed.) 28 When he..coom t' groap eh meh Singlet Pocket for meh Sawt.

1790 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. (ed. 2) Singlet, a waistcoat not lined, as opposed to a doublet.

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Singlet, an under waistcoat.

c1861 J. T. Staton Rays fro th' Loominary 40 Ben Brattles had as good a hert in him..as ever beat below a senglet.

1885 Longman's Mag. 5 493 He desired his dresser to strip off his singlet.

1899 F. T. Bullen Log of Sea-waif 67 My only garments were a flannel singlet and a pair of canvas trousers.

†2. A single sheaf (of grain). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > corn in sheaves

singlet1776

sheaf-corn1785

sheafage1885

1776 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. 18 Aug. (1778) For, in case of rain, it [i.e. wheat] is much safer in singlets, than even in shock.

1796 W. Marshall Rural Econ. W. Eng. I. 175 Setting up mown corn in singlets,..would,..be the most eligible practice.

a. Physics and Chemistry. A single line in a spectrum, not part of a multiplet; an atomic or molecular energy level or state possessing (in the case of fine structure) zero electronic spin and orbital angular momenta giving only one value of the quantum number J, or (in the case of hyperfine structure) zero electronic and nuclear angular momenta, giving only one value of the quantum number F; a molecular state in which all electron spins are paired. Frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > [noun] > field of energy > level of

singlet1920

sublevel1923

the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > electron spin > [noun] > state where spins are paired

singlet1920

the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > decomposition of light, spectrum > [noun] > lines reflecting energy levels > isolated single line

singlet1920

the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > electron spin > multiplet > [noun] > of specific number of particles

sextuplet1900

singlet1920

triplet1923

octet1961

nonet1963

decimet1964

nonuplet1969

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > chromatism > [noun] > spectrum > band or line forming part of > specific line or lines

absorption line1861

triplet1879

furnace line1911

singlet1920

progression1926

1920 Astrophysical Jrnl. 52 2 An investigation of the Doppler effect led Stark to the conclusion that the parhelium (singlet) series are due to electronic disturbances in helium atoms which have lost two electrons.

1923 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 223 137 In the arc spectra of the alkaline-earth elements, in addition to triplet series, there are series of singlets and also certain ‘intercombination’ lines.

1928 Proc. Royal Soc. 1927–8 A. 117 147 The general equations of type (18) apply to ortho~helium (considered as a singlet system) as well as par~helium.

1934 O. W. Richardson Molecular Hydrogen iii. 46 There may be intercombination lines between the singlet and triplet states but if so they must be very faint.

1937 J. W. T. Spinks tr. G. Herzberg Atomic Spectra ii. 79 Terms of the triplet system of He practically do not combine with the terms of the singlet system, and conversely. That is, a prohibition of intercombinations is observed.

1972 C. H. DePuy & O. L. Chapman Molecular Reactions & Photochem. iii. 33 Molecular states with all electrons paired are called singlet states.

1977 Nature 3 Nov. 15/3 A number of papers dealt with experimental techniques, especially interesting were those on the use of dye lasers for excitation of singlet oxygen.

b. Particle Physics. A multiplet (sense 2b) of one subatomic particle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > electron spin > multiplet > [noun]

singlet1937

multiplet1954

1937 Physical Rev. 51 119/2 For an element of the mass [formula follows] certain states in which the neutrons are in the doublet, the protons in the triplet state, exactly coincides [sic] in approximation (1) with a state in which the neutrons are in the quartet, the protons in the singlet state.

1961 in M. Gell-Mann & Y. Ne'eman Eightfold Way (1964) i. 13 The most important prediction is..that the eight baryons should all have the same spin and parity and that the pseudoscalar and vector mesons should form ‘octets’, with possible additional ‘singlets’.

1962 Physical Rev. 125 1068/2 The baryons, as well as the mesons, can form octets and singlets.

1977 Nature 21 July 202/1 Before the advent of charm in 1976 all known mesons were found to come in multiplets of 9 (nonets) and all known baryons in groups of 1, 8 or 10 (singlets, octets or decuplets).

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	singlet
释义	singletn. /ˈsɪŋɡlɪt/ Forms: Also dialect senglet, cinglet. Etymology: < single adj. + -et suffix¹, after doublet n. 1. An unlined woollen garment (knitted or woven), now usually close-fitting and worn as an undershirt or jersey. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > vest or undershirt > other demy?1499 waistcoat1606 singlet1763 day shift1765 jersey1837 merinoc1915 T-shirt1920 Jacky Howe1936 string vest1951 1763 ‘T. Bobbin’ Toy-shop (new ed.) 28 When he..coom t' groap eh meh Singlet Pocket for meh Sawt. 1790 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. (ed. 2) Singlet, a waistcoat not lined, as opposed to a doublet. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Singlet, an under waistcoat. c1861 J. T. Staton Rays fro th' Loominary 40 Ben Brattles had as good a hert in him..as ever beat below a senglet. 1885 Longman's Mag. 5 493 He desired his dresser to strip off his singlet. 1899 F. T. Bullen Log of Sea-waif 67 My only garments were a flannel singlet and a pair of canvas trousers. †2. A single sheaf (of grain). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > corn in sheaves singlet1776 sheaf-corn1785 sheafage1885 1776 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. 18 Aug. (1778) For, in case of rain, it [i.e. wheat] is much safer in singlets, than even in shock. 1796 W. Marshall Rural Econ. W. Eng. I. 175 Setting up mown corn in singlets,..would,..be the most eligible practice. 3. a. Physics and Chemistry. A single line in a spectrum, not part of a multiplet; an atomic or molecular energy level or state possessing (in the case of fine structure) zero electronic spin and orbital angular momenta giving only one value of the quantum number J, or (in the case of hyperfine structure) zero electronic and nuclear angular momenta, giving only one value of the quantum number F; a molecular state in which all electron spins are paired. Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > [noun] > field of energy > level of singlet1920 sublevel1923 the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > electron spin > [noun] > state where spins are paired singlet1920 the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > decomposition of light, spectrum > [noun] > lines reflecting energy levels > isolated single line singlet1920 the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > electron spin > multiplet > [noun] > of specific number of particles sextuplet1900 singlet1920 triplet1923 octet1961 nonet1963 decimet1964 nonuplet1969 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > chromatism > [noun] > spectrum > band or line forming part of > specific line or lines absorption line1861 triplet1879 furnace line1911 singlet1920 progression1926 1920 Astrophysical Jrnl. 52 2 An investigation of the Doppler effect led Stark to the conclusion that the parhelium (singlet) series are due to electronic disturbances in helium atoms which have lost two electrons. 1923 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 223 137 In the arc spectra of the alkaline-earth elements, in addition to triplet series, there are series of singlets and also certain ‘intercombination’ lines. 1928 Proc. Royal Soc. 1927–8 A. 117 147 The general equations of type (18) apply to ortho~helium (considered as a singlet system) as well as par~helium. 1934 O. W. Richardson Molecular Hydrogen iii. 46 There may be intercombination lines between the singlet and triplet states but if so they must be very faint. 1937 J. W. T. Spinks tr. G. Herzberg Atomic Spectra ii. 79 Terms of the triplet system of He practically do not combine with the terms of the singlet system, and conversely. That is, a prohibition of intercombinations is observed. 1972 C. H. DePuy & O. L. Chapman Molecular Reactions & Photochem. iii. 33 Molecular states with all electrons paired are called singlet states. 1977 Nature 3 Nov. 15/3 A number of papers dealt with experimental techniques, especially interesting were those on the use of dye lasers for excitation of singlet oxygen. b. Particle Physics. A multiplet (sense 2b) of one subatomic particle. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > electron spin > multiplet > [noun] singlet1937 multiplet1954 1937 Physical Rev. 51 119/2 For an element of the mass [formula follows] certain states in which the neutrons are in the doublet, the protons in the triplet state, exactly coincides [sic] in approximation (1) with a state in which the neutrons are in the quartet, the protons in the singlet state. 1961 in M. Gell-Mann & Y. Ne'eman Eightfold Way (1964) i. 13 The most important prediction is..that the eight baryons should all have the same spin and parity and that the pseudoscalar and vector mesons should form ‘octets’, with possible additional ‘singlets’. 1962 Physical Rev. 125 1068/2 The baryons, as well as the mesons, can form octets and singlets. 1977 Nature 21 July 202/1 Before the advent of charm in 1976 all known mesons were found to come in multiplets of 9 (nonets) and all known baryons in groups of 1, 8 or 10 (singlets, octets or decuplets). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.1763
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