skinnern.¹

Brit.

/ˈskɪnə/, U.S.

/ˈskɪnər/

Forms: Middle English schinner, Middle English schynnere, Middle English sckinir, Middle English scynner, Middle English scynnere, Middle English skenere, Middle English skenner, Middle English skinere, Middle English skynere, Middle English skynnar, Middle English skynnare, Middle English skynnere, Middle English–1500s skynner, Middle English– skinner, 1500s skynar; Scottish pre-1700 skenar, pre-1700 skennar, pre-1700 skenner, pre-1700 skinar, pre-1700 skiner, pre-1700 skinnar, pre-1700 skynar, pre-1700 skynnair, pre-1700 skynnar, pre-1700 skynnare, pre-1700 skynneir, pre-1700 skynner, pre-1700 skynnor, pre-1700 1700s– skinner.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: skin n., -er suffix¹; skin v., -er suffix¹.

Etymology: Partly < skin n. + -er suffix¹, and partly (in later use) < skin v. + -er suffix¹. Compare Old Icelandic skinnari, Old Swedish skinnare (Swedish skinnare), Old Danish skinnær (Danish skinder), and also Middle Dutch schinder, Middle Low German schinder, schinner (German regional (Low German) schinder), Middle High German schinder (German Schinder).Earliest attested as a surname. Earlier currency of the word is implied by place names, as Skinnereswell (1197; Middlesex, now lost), Scinergreve (1273; now Skinningrove, North Riding, Yorkshire), and Schinartorp (1297; West Riding, Yorkshire, now lost).

I. Senses relating to skin n.

1. A person who prepares skins, pelts, or hides for sale; a person who sells or deals in such items, a furrier. Now historical except in the name of the livery company.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > worker with skins or hides > [noun]

pellipar1207

skinner1255

fellmonger1310

skinmana1821

1255 Close Rolls Henry III (1931) IX. 135 Robertus filius Willelmi le Scynnere.

?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 157 (MED) Hail be ȝe skinners wiþ ȝure drenche kiue!

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. lxxvi. 1229 [The cat] is ofte for his fayre skynne..ytake of þe skynnere and yslayne and yhuylde.

1418 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1883) II. 116 Johanne Crophyll, skynner.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope v. f. xxxxvi Theyr skynnes were good for to make mantels with, yf skynners myght haue them.

1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth viii. sig. E.i^v Let your skynner cut both the sorts of the skynnes in smale peces tryangle wyse.

1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. F2^v He began to tell mee, that by his Art he was a Skinner.

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique vii. xliv. 873 The skinners are woont to make stomachers to lay ouer the stomacke.

1755 M. Postlethwayt tr. J. Savary des Brûlons Universal Dict. Trade II. 39/2 The skinner has dressed the skins..pared, rubbed them with chalk several times, wetted, pumiced, wetted again, drained, rubbed them again with pumice-stone.

1796 A. Aikin Jrnl. 1 Aug. in Tour N. Wales (1797) 71 A considerable quantity of refuse from the wool-staplers and skinners is collected.

1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward II. iv. 73 If there are not enough of true-hearted skinners to protect her, being the daughter of their Syndic, it were pity they should ever tug leather more.

1859 C. Barker Devel. Associative Princ. ii. 45 One Hinde, a citizen and skinner of London, lent to Henry IV. the sum of £2000.

1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 852/2 Seven of the livery companies of London.., the Mercers',..the Salters',..and the Skinners'.

1906 Burlington Mag. Apr. 8/1 In the semi-private halls of one or two of the City livery companies, notably those of the Skinners and the Drapers, some efforts have been made on canvas.

1959 Econ. Hist. Rev. 12 20 The bowyers, skinners, dyers and metal workers of York were in varying degrees dependent on imported bowstaves, furs, dyestuffs and iron.

1993 P. Ackroyd House of Dr. Dee (1994) ii. 62 I know the haberdashers of London Bridge and..the skinners of Walbroke.

†2. A small codling (codling n.¹ 1). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > superorder Paracanthopterygii > order Gadiformes (cod) > [noun] > family Gadidae > genus Gadus > gadus morhua (common cod) > small or young

codling1304

morhwell1554

dorse1610

robin1618

skinner1816

sprag1874

tomcod1883

picker1895

1816 J. Simpson Compl. Syst. Cookery (new ed.) 440 Small codlings. The same; they are commonly called skinners.

1853 Hunt's Yachting Mag. Nov. 408 When they [sc. cod] do not exceed a foot or so in length, they are termed by the fishermen codlings, or skinners.

1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland I. 278 Poullach..In the Channel those the size of a whiting are termed codlings and skinners.

3. North American. A driver of a team of draft animals (esp. horses or mules), a teamster; (in extended use) a driver of a motor vehicle. Frequently as the second element in compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > conveyance by pack-animals > one who > muleteer

muleteer1538

muletc1575

arriero1763

mule skinner1870

skinner1870

drabi1900

the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > farm worker > driver of a team of draught animals

goadman1606

goad-groom1614

teamer1696

teamster1758

team man1763

goadsman1788

teamsman1792

voorloper1837

mule skinner1870

swamper1870

tracer1899

skinner1910

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > driver or operator of vehicle > [noun] > driver of motor vehicle > lorry driver

teamster1805

truck-driver1907

lorry driver1926

skinner1929

truckie1958

trucker1961

1870 J. H. Beadle Life in Utah 224 I took to the plains..in the capacity of a ‘mule-skinner’.

1910 E. F. Murphy Janey Canuck in West 91 The teamsters are called ‘skinners’. I met them all on the log road.

1924 Scribner's Mag. Dec. 645/1 The skinner with the longest words travels the fastest.

1929 Amer. Speech 5 147 Since the driver of the old time orecar was called a mule-skinner or mule-whacker, the driver of the modern motor-propelled car is a motor-skinner, sometimes just a trammer.

1939 J. Steinbeck Grapes of Wrath ii. 14 A guy that never been a truck skinner don't know nothin' what it's like.

1954 E. F. Hagell When Grass was Free 3 A single line attached to the next leader's bit and passed back along the teams to the teamster or ‘skinner’.

1994 R. Hendrickson Happy Trails 48 Carajo, a term describing any base person, often applied to rough mule skinners and ox drivers in the past.

4. Telecommunications. A connecting length of insulated wire (see quot. 1930). rare.

ΚΠ

1930 Terms Telegraphs & Telephones (Brit. Engin. Standards Assoc.) 42 Skinner, the length of insulated wire between a laced cable form and the connecting point.

II. A person who skins something, and related senses.

†5. A person who causes skin to grow over a wound. Obsolete. rare.In quot. figurative.

ΚΠ

1660 J. Gauden Κακουργοι 43 Pretenders to heal, superficial skinners.

a. A person who removes skin, esp. the skin or hide of a dead animal; a flayer.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > uncovering > [noun] > stripping or uncovering so as to leave bare > stripping of skin > one who

flayerc1440

skinner1699

1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. ii. iii. 98 Then the Hockser immediately Mounts, and Rides after more Game, leaving the other to the Skinners, who are at hand, and ready to take off his Hide.

1839 J. L. Motley Morton's Hope I. ii. xii. 235 He is a skinner... The flaying of dead cattle has become almost as great a branch of his business, as chopping off criminals' heads.

1884 Good Words June 391/1 In districts where the game is abundant more skinners were enlisted.

1951 Jrnl. Wildlife Managem. 15 205/1 Various skinners found that the air-inflation treatment made the skinning noticeably easier.

1990 M. Waddington tr. R. Korn in Canad. Jewish Short Stories 11 Chaim-Leib was known as the best skinner of hides in the district. He could skin an animal with a single cut of the knife.

b. An implement used to remove skin; esp. a skinning knife.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > knife > [noun] > other knives

bollock knifec1400

paring knife1415

spudc1440

pricking-knifec1500

shaving-knife1530–1

by-knifec1570

heading knife1574

stock knife1582

drawing knife1583

bung-knife1592

weeding knife1598

drawing knife1610

heading knife1615

draw knife1679

dressing knife1683

redishing knife1688

mocotaugan1716

skinning knife1767

paper knife1789

draw shave1824

leaf-cutter1828

piece-knife1833

nut-pick1851

relic knife1854

butch1859

straw-knife1862

sportsman's companion1863

ulu1864

skinner1872

hacker1875

over-shave1875

stripping-knife1875

Stanley knife1878

flat-back1888

gauge-knife1888

tine-knife1888

plough1899

band-knife1926

X-Acto1943

shank1953

box cutter1955

ratchet knife1966

ratchet1975

1872 Amer. Naturalist 6 223 The specimen could have been used as a knife, or ‘skinner’, although now its edge is too irregular and dull for skinning.

1923 Amer. Anthropologist 25 113 We unearthed..human skeletons, with associated implemental remains, such as..flint arrowheads, stone pestles, skinners, bone implements and ornaments, shell beads.

1986 Pop. Mech. May 105 Billy Mace Imel's custom-made nonfolding lock-back knife comes with three blades—dagger, drop-point and skinner.

1988 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 28 Sept. d1 His first knife was a Green River skinner. It wasn't pretty, but it worked. He used it to skin a rattlesnake for a belt.

2004 Northern Territory (Austral.) News (Nexis) 25 June 34 Sharp Craft showcases everything, including Japanese filleting knives, medieval daggers, African skinners, samurai swords [etc.].

7. U.S. During the American Revolutionary War: a member of a group of guerrilla fighters, active esp. in Westchester County, New York, nominally affiliated with the American cause. Cf. cowboy n. 3, refugee n. 2. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > sacker, raider, or looter > [noun]

reavereOE

forayerc1330

cateran1371

ransackerc1390

depopulatorc1440

rover1481

forager1489

river?a1500

riderc1550

wight-rider1569

predour1577

sacker1589

harrier1596

boot-haler1600

marauder1698

poligar1773

skinner1780

looter1860

raider1861

1780 J. Thacher 27 Nov. in Mil. Jrnl. (1823) 285 There are within the British lines, banditti consisting of lawless villains, who devote themselves to the most cruel pillage and robbery... These shameless marauders have received the names of cow-boys and skinners.

1821 J. F. Cooper Spy I. i. 32 This poor opinion of the Skinners was not confined to Mr. Cæsar Thompson.

1825 J. Neal Brother Jonathan III. 290 Who knows but you are one o' the tories yourself..or one o' the..skinners?

1857 W. Irving Life Washington IV. ix. 119 A beautiful region..now almost desolated by the scourings of Skinners and Cow Boys.

1882 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Eng. 18th Cent. IV. 129 The loyalist banditti called the Skinners.

1927 Amer. Hist. Rev. 33 146 The fighting-ground shifted with frequency, yet all the while there were imminent the ravages of Cowboys and Skinners.

1939 Pacific Affairs 12 140 The marauder, bandit, brigand and robber class, always associated with guerilla warfare, include such classic examples as the Cowboys and Skinners of the American Revolution.

1999 H. M. Ward War for Independence & Transformation Amer. Society v. 67 Unlike the cowboys who had limited objectives and military association, the skinners were hardly more than parcels of bandits.

8. slang.

a. A person who deprives others of their money, property, etc.; a thief, a swindler, a cheat. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > defrauder or swindler > [noun]

feature14..

frauderc1475

prowler1519

lurcher1528

defrauder1552

frauditor1553

taker-upc1555

verserc1555

fogger1564

Jack-in-the-box1570

gilenyer1590

foist1591

rutter1591

crossbiter1592

sharker1594

shark1600

bat-fowler1602

cheater1606

foister1610

operator1611

fraudsman1613

projector1615

smoke-sellera1618

decoy1618

firkera1626

scandaroon1631

snapa1640

cunning shaver1652

knight of industrya1658

chouse1658

cheat1664

sharper1681

jockey1683

rooker1683

fool-finder1685

rookster1697

sheep-shearer1699

bubbler1720

gyp1728

bite1742

swindler1770

pigeon1780

mace1781

gouger1790

needle1790

fly-by-night1796

sharp1797

skinner1797

diddler1803

mace cove1811

mace-gloak1819

macer1819

flat-catcher1821

moonlight wanderer1823

burner1838

Peter Funk1840

Funk1842

pigeoner1849

maceman1850

bester1856

fiddler1857

highway robber1874

bunco-steerer1875

swizzler1876

forty1879

flim-flammer1881

chouser1883

take-down1888

highbinder1890

fraud1895

Sam Slick1897

grafter1899

come-on1905

verneuker1905

gypster1917

chiseller1918

tweedler1925

rorter1926

gazumper1932

chizzer1935

sharpie1942

sharpster1942

slick1959

slickster1965

rip-off artist1968

shonky1970

rip-off merchant1971

1797 H. Potter Dict. 53 Skinner, kidnappers, or sett of abandoned fellows who steal children, or intrap unwary men to inlist for soldiers.

1845 Tioga Eagle (Wellsboro, Pa.) 26 Feb. 1/3 The Shuysters and Skinners of the Tombs—it is true they were the outsiders of the profession, but still as they hung to the skirts of the regulars, and had been partakers of the fleece.

1856 H. Mayhew Great World London 46 ‘Skinners’, or women and boys who strip children of their clothes.

1856 J. Doran Knights & their Days ix. 142 They are constituted the legal skinners of all sojourners among them.

2006 Guardian (Nexis) 24 June 20 The episode Ivy is trying so hard to forget, when she was used as a decoy by ‘skinners’—a gang of muggers who strip their victims' clothes to sell at market.

b. A person who or event which causes gamblers to lose their money; (originally) a horse race or other contest which allows bookmakers to ‘skin the lamb’ (see to skin the lamb at skin v. Phrases 4a); (now chiefly) a participant in a contest who wins at long odds, allowing bookmakers to make a large profit.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > type of bet

swoopstake1599

by-beta1627

levant1714

even money1732

play or pay bet1738

side bet1769

long shot1796

sweep1849

pay-or-play1853

sweepstake1861

pari-mutuel1868

to go a raker1869

flutter1874

skinner1874

by-wager1886

plunge1888

accumulator1889

saver1891

mutuel1893

quinella1902

parlay1904

Sydney or the bush1924

treble1924

daily double1930

all-up1933

round robin1944

double1951

twin double1960

perfecta1961

pool1963

lose bet1964

tiercé1964

Yankee bet1964

Yankee1967

nap1971

superfecta1971

tricast1972

triple1972

trixie1973

telebetting1974

trifecta1974

over-and-under1975

over-under1981

spread bet1981

1874 Hotten's Slang Dict. (rev. ed.) 293 Skinner, a term among bookmakers. ‘May we have a skinner,’ i.e., may we skin the lamb.

1893 Westm. Gaz. 13 Apr. 5/2 Yesterday's race..resulted in what the sporting public, high and low, graphically describe as a ‘skinner’. The bookmakers..do the skinning.

1907 A. Wright Keane of Kalgoorlie 66 Although he had gone up in the weights considerably, his owner decreed that he should win the Rosehill handicap, and give the ‘shop’ another ‘skinner’.

1930 Technique of Betting 7 Frequently a race is won by a horse against which the bookmaker has not laid any bet, and the book then shows a profit of 100%—the bookmaker has what he calls a ‘skinner’.

1934 T. Wood Cobbers viii. 96 Charles..would lay two to one port-wine jelly, five to apple-pie... Tonight we had college pudding and jam tart. Charles..said it was a skinner for the books.

1977 A. C. H. Smith Jericho Gun v. 60 At twelve to one, which is the forecast SP here, it's a skinner.

1995 Racing Post 14 July 64/4 The rank outsider shot a 68 yesterday to move within a shot of leader Montgomerie. He'll be a complete skinner for the industry.

9. New Zealand slang. In predicative use. A person who is out of money; a resource which has been completely exhausted. Cf. skinned adj. 6.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > poor person > person lacking money

sans dener1469

empty pocket1834

stumer1898

skinner1943

1943 Penguin New Writing 18 68 So I paid for the pair of us, which left me practically a skinner.

1951 W. Lawson Gold in their Hearts 130 ‘Ain't they gettin' gold there now?’ ‘Not much—she's a bit of a skinner, I reckon.’

1967 Landfall 21 241 Sure you're a skinner? Not a drop in the place, I mean?

1988 D. McGill Dict. Kiwi Slang 103 Skinner, broke or empty; in latter case you might say ‘the beer's a skinner’.

Compounds

General attributive, as skinner boy, skinner craft, skinner work, etc. rare in later use.

ΚΠ

1400 in C. Frost Early Hist. Hull (1827) App. 17 (MED) ij m skenereswark, m redewark.]

1471–2 in T. Thomson Acts Lords Auditors (1839) 18/2 The dekin & craftismen of the skynnar craft of the burghe of Perthe.

1539 in D. H. Fleming Reg. Privy Seal Scotl. (1921) II. 471/2 Andro Kynnyrus, skynnar boy in Dunde.

1599 in M. Wood & R. K. Hannay Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1927) V. 247 The deykin and brether of the skynners to se that na skynner wark be sawld..upoun the hie streitts.

1641 J. Spencer Disc. Divers Petitions sig. D The reproachfull taunts of any insulting Skinner man, that knowes better how to scrape ten groats out of a translated sheep-skin, than how to repair the losse of unvaluable Learning.

1794 R. Gray in W. Scott Stat. Acc. Perth (1796) 38 This corporation has a very convenient skinner-work.

1813 Sporting Mag. Apr. 126/1 A young lad..of the skinner trade, was the best shot among the journeymen and apprentices, and received the prize of a new hat.

2006 Evening Standard (Nexis) 8 Sept. 13 There were many squabbles..between livery companies as to their standing in the pecking order. The Merchant Taylors Company (tailors) and the Skinner Company (furriers) both thought they should be above each other.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	skinner
释义	skinnern.¹ Brit. /ˈskɪnə/, U.S. /ˈskɪnər/ Forms: Middle English schinner, Middle English schynnere, Middle English sckinir, Middle English scynner, Middle English scynnere, Middle English skenere, Middle English skenner, Middle English skinere, Middle English skynere, Middle English skynnar, Middle English skynnare, Middle English skynnere, Middle English–1500s skynner, Middle English– skinner, 1500s skynar; Scottish pre-1700 skenar, pre-1700 skennar, pre-1700 skenner, pre-1700 skinar, pre-1700 skiner, pre-1700 skinnar, pre-1700 skynar, pre-1700 skynnair, pre-1700 skynnar, pre-1700 skynnare, pre-1700 skynneir, pre-1700 skynner, pre-1700 skynnor, pre-1700 1700s– skinner. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: skin n., -er suffix¹; skin v., -er suffix¹. Etymology: Partly < skin n. + -er suffix¹, and partly (in later use) < skin v. + -er suffix¹. Compare Old Icelandic skinnari, Old Swedish skinnare (Swedish skinnare), Old Danish skinnær (Danish skinder), and also Middle Dutch schinder, Middle Low German schinder, schinner (German regional (Low German) schinder), Middle High German schinder (German Schinder).Earliest attested as a surname. Earlier currency of the word is implied by place names, as Skinnereswell (1197; Middlesex, now lost), Scinergreve (1273; now Skinningrove, North Riding, Yorkshire), and Schinartorp (1297; West Riding, Yorkshire, now lost). I. Senses relating to skin n. 1. A person who prepares skins, pelts, or hides for sale; a person who sells or deals in such items, a furrier. Now historical except in the name of the livery company. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > worker with skins or hides > [noun] pellipar1207 skinner1255 fellmonger1310 skinmana1821 1255 Close Rolls Henry III (1931) IX. 135 Robertus filius Willelmi le Scynnere. ?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 157 (MED) Hail be ȝe skinners wiþ ȝure drenche kiue! a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xviii. lxxvi. 1229 [The cat] is ofte for his fayre skynne..ytake of þe skynnere and yslayne and yhuylde. 1418 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1883) II. 116 Johanne Crophyll, skynner. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope v. f. xxxxvi Theyr skynnes were good for to make mantels with, yf skynners myght haue them. 1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth viii. sig. E.i^v Let your skynner cut both the sorts of the skynnes in smale peces tryangle wyse. 1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. F2^v He began to tell mee, that by his Art he was a Skinner. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique vii. xliv. 873 The skinners are woont to make stomachers to lay ouer the stomacke. 1755 M. Postlethwayt tr. J. Savary des Brûlons Universal Dict. Trade II. 39/2 The skinner has dressed the skins..pared, rubbed them with chalk several times, wetted, pumiced, wetted again, drained, rubbed them again with pumice-stone. 1796 A. Aikin Jrnl. 1 Aug. in Tour N. Wales (1797) 71 A considerable quantity of refuse from the wool-staplers and skinners is collected. 1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward II. iv. 73 If there are not enough of true-hearted skinners to protect her, being the daughter of their Syndic, it were pity they should ever tug leather more. 1859 C. Barker Devel. Associative Princ. ii. 45 One Hinde, a citizen and skinner of London, lent to Henry IV. the sum of £2000. 1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 852/2 Seven of the livery companies of London.., the Mercers',..the Salters',..and the Skinners'. 1906 Burlington Mag. Apr. 8/1 In the semi-private halls of one or two of the City livery companies, notably those of the Skinners and the Drapers, some efforts have been made on canvas. 1959 Econ. Hist. Rev. 12 20 The bowyers, skinners, dyers and metal workers of York were in varying degrees dependent on imported bowstaves, furs, dyestuffs and iron. 1993 P. Ackroyd House of Dr. Dee (1994) ii. 62 I know the haberdashers of London Bridge and..the skinners of Walbroke. †2. A small codling (codling n.¹ 1). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > superorder Paracanthopterygii > order Gadiformes (cod) > [noun] > family Gadidae > genus Gadus > gadus morhua (common cod) > small or young codling1304 morhwell1554 dorse1610 robin1618 skinner1816 sprag1874 tomcod1883 picker1895 1816 J. Simpson Compl. Syst. Cookery (new ed.) 440 Small codlings. The same; they are commonly called skinners. 1853 Hunt's Yachting Mag. Nov. 408 When they [sc. cod] do not exceed a foot or so in length, they are termed by the fishermen codlings, or skinners. 1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland I. 278 Poullach..In the Channel those the size of a whiting are termed codlings and skinners. 3. North American. A driver of a team of draft animals (esp. horses or mules), a teamster; (in extended use) a driver of a motor vehicle. Frequently as the second element in compounds. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > conveyance by pack-animals > one who > muleteer muleteer1538 muletc1575 arriero1763 mule skinner1870 skinner1870 drabi1900 the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > farm worker > driver of a team of draught animals goadman1606 goad-groom1614 teamer1696 teamster1758 team man1763 goadsman1788 teamsman1792 voorloper1837 mule skinner1870 swamper1870 tracer1899 skinner1910 society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > driving or operating a vehicle > driver or operator of vehicle > [noun] > driver of motor vehicle > lorry driver teamster1805 truck-driver1907 lorry driver1926 skinner1929 truckie1958 trucker1961 1870 J. H. Beadle Life in Utah 224 I took to the plains..in the capacity of a ‘mule-skinner’. 1910 E. F. Murphy Janey Canuck in West 91 The teamsters are called ‘skinners’. I met them all on the log road. 1924 Scribner's Mag. Dec. 645/1 The skinner with the longest words travels the fastest. 1929 Amer. Speech 5 147 Since the driver of the old time orecar was called a mule-skinner or mule-whacker, the driver of the modern motor-propelled car is a motor-skinner, sometimes just a trammer. 1939 J. Steinbeck Grapes of Wrath ii. 14 A guy that never been a truck skinner don't know nothin' what it's like. 1954 E. F. Hagell When Grass was Free 3 A single line attached to the next leader's bit and passed back along the teams to the teamster or ‘skinner’. 1994 R. Hendrickson Happy Trails 48 Carajo, a term describing any base person, often applied to rough mule skinners and ox drivers in the past. 4. Telecommunications. A connecting length of insulated wire (see quot. 1930). rare. ΚΠ 1930 Terms Telegraphs & Telephones (Brit. Engin. Standards Assoc.) 42 Skinner, the length of insulated wire between a laced cable form and the connecting point. II. A person who skins something, and related senses. †5. A person who causes skin to grow over a wound. Obsolete. rare.In quot. figurative. ΚΠ 1660 J. Gauden Κακουργοι 43 Pretenders to heal, superficial skinners. 6. a. A person who removes skin, esp. the skin or hide of a dead animal; a flayer. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > uncovering > [noun] > stripping or uncovering so as to leave bare > stripping of skin > one who flayerc1440 skinner1699 1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. ii. iii. 98 Then the Hockser immediately Mounts, and Rides after more Game, leaving the other to the Skinners, who are at hand, and ready to take off his Hide. 1839 J. L. Motley Morton's Hope I. ii. xii. 235 He is a skinner... The flaying of dead cattle has become almost as great a branch of his business, as chopping off criminals' heads. 1884 Good Words June 391/1 In districts where the game is abundant more skinners were enlisted. 1951 Jrnl. Wildlife Managem. 15 205/1 Various skinners found that the air-inflation treatment made the skinning noticeably easier. 1990 M. Waddington tr. R. Korn in Canad. Jewish Short Stories 11 Chaim-Leib was known as the best skinner of hides in the district. He could skin an animal with a single cut of the knife. b. An implement used to remove skin; esp. a skinning knife. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > knife > [noun] > other knives bollock knifec1400 paring knife1415 spudc1440 pricking-knifec1500 shaving-knife1530–1 by-knifec1570 heading knife1574 stock knife1582 drawing knife1583 bung-knife1592 weeding knife1598 drawing knife1610 heading knife1615 draw knife1679 dressing knife1683 redishing knife1688 mocotaugan1716 skinning knife1767 paper knife1789 draw shave1824 leaf-cutter1828 piece-knife1833 nut-pick1851 relic knife1854 butch1859 straw-knife1862 sportsman's companion1863 ulu1864 skinner1872 hacker1875 over-shave1875 stripping-knife1875 Stanley knife1878 flat-back1888 gauge-knife1888 tine-knife1888 plough1899 band-knife1926 X-Acto1943 shank1953 box cutter1955 ratchet knife1966 ratchet1975 1872 Amer. Naturalist 6 223 The specimen could have been used as a knife, or ‘skinner’, although now its edge is too irregular and dull for skinning. 1923 Amer. Anthropologist 25 113 We unearthed..human skeletons, with associated implemental remains, such as..flint arrowheads, stone pestles, skinners, bone implements and ornaments, shell beads. 1986 Pop. Mech. May 105 Billy Mace Imel's custom-made nonfolding lock-back knife comes with three blades—dagger, drop-point and skinner. 1988 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 28 Sept. d1 His first knife was a Green River skinner. It wasn't pretty, but it worked. He used it to skin a rattlesnake for a belt. 2004 Northern Territory (Austral.) News (Nexis) 25 June 34 Sharp Craft showcases everything, including Japanese filleting knives, medieval daggers, African skinners, samurai swords [etc.]. 7. U.S. During the American Revolutionary War: a member of a group of guerrilla fighters, active esp. in Westchester County, New York, nominally affiliated with the American cause. Cf. cowboy n. 3, refugee n. 2. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > robber > sacker, raider, or looter > [noun] reavereOE forayerc1330 cateran1371 ransackerc1390 depopulatorc1440 rover1481 forager1489 river?a1500 riderc1550 wight-rider1569 predour1577 sacker1589 harrier1596 boot-haler1600 marauder1698 poligar1773 skinner1780 looter1860 raider1861 1780 J. Thacher 27 Nov. in Mil. Jrnl. (1823) 285 There are within the British lines, banditti consisting of lawless villains, who devote themselves to the most cruel pillage and robbery... These shameless marauders have received the names of cow-boys and skinners. 1821 J. F. Cooper Spy I. i. 32 This poor opinion of the Skinners was not confined to Mr. Cæsar Thompson. 1825 J. Neal Brother Jonathan III. 290 Who knows but you are one o' the tories yourself..or one o' the..skinners? 1857 W. Irving Life Washington IV. ix. 119 A beautiful region..now almost desolated by the scourings of Skinners and Cow Boys. 1882 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Eng. 18th Cent. IV. 129 The loyalist banditti called the Skinners. 1927 Amer. Hist. Rev. 33 146 The fighting-ground shifted with frequency, yet all the while there were imminent the ravages of Cowboys and Skinners. 1939 Pacific Affairs 12 140 The marauder, bandit, brigand and robber class, always associated with guerilla warfare, include such classic examples as the Cowboys and Skinners of the American Revolution. 1999 H. M. Ward War for Independence & Transformation Amer. Society v. 67 Unlike the cowboys who had limited objectives and military association, the skinners were hardly more than parcels of bandits. 8. slang. a. A person who deprives others of their money, property, etc.; a thief, a swindler, a cheat. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > defrauder or swindler > [noun] feature14.. frauderc1475 prowler1519 lurcher1528 defrauder1552 frauditor1553 taker-upc1555 verserc1555 fogger1564 Jack-in-the-box1570 gilenyer1590 foist1591 rutter1591 crossbiter1592 sharker1594 shark1600 bat-fowler1602 cheater1606 foister1610 operator1611 fraudsman1613 projector1615 smoke-sellera1618 decoy1618 firkera1626 scandaroon1631 snapa1640 cunning shaver1652 knight of industrya1658 chouse1658 cheat1664 sharper1681 jockey1683 rooker1683 fool-finder1685 rookster1697 sheep-shearer1699 bubbler1720 gyp1728 bite1742 swindler1770 pigeon1780 mace1781 gouger1790 needle1790 fly-by-night1796 sharp1797 skinner1797 diddler1803 mace cove1811 mace-gloak1819 macer1819 flat-catcher1821 moonlight wanderer1823 burner1838 Peter Funk1840 Funk1842 pigeoner1849 maceman1850 bester1856 fiddler1857 highway robber1874 bunco-steerer1875 swizzler1876 forty1879 flim-flammer1881 chouser1883 take-down1888 highbinder1890 fraud1895 Sam Slick1897 grafter1899 come-on1905 verneuker1905 gypster1917 chiseller1918 tweedler1925 rorter1926 gazumper1932 chizzer1935 sharpie1942 sharpster1942 slick1959 slickster1965 rip-off artist1968 shonky1970 rip-off merchant1971 1797 H. Potter Dict. 53 Skinner, kidnappers, or sett of abandoned fellows who steal children, or intrap unwary men to inlist for soldiers. 1845 Tioga Eagle (Wellsboro, Pa.) 26 Feb. 1/3 The Shuysters and Skinners of the Tombs—it is true they were the outsiders of the profession, but still as they hung to the skirts of the regulars, and had been partakers of the fleece. 1856 H. Mayhew Great World London 46 ‘Skinners’, or women and boys who strip children of their clothes. 1856 J. Doran Knights & their Days ix. 142 They are constituted the legal skinners of all sojourners among them. 2006 Guardian (Nexis) 24 June 20 The episode Ivy is trying so hard to forget, when she was used as a decoy by ‘skinners’—a gang of muggers who strip their victims' clothes to sell at market. b. A person who or event which causes gamblers to lose their money; (originally) a horse race or other contest which allows bookmakers to ‘skin the lamb’ (see to skin the lamb at skin v. Phrases 4a); (now chiefly) a participant in a contest who wins at long odds, allowing bookmakers to make a large profit. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > type of bet swoopstake1599 by-beta1627 levant1714 even money1732 play or pay bet1738 side bet1769 long shot1796 sweep1849 pay-or-play1853 sweepstake1861 pari-mutuel1868 to go a raker1869 flutter1874 skinner1874 by-wager1886 plunge1888 accumulator1889 saver1891 mutuel1893 quinella1902 parlay1904 Sydney or the bush1924 treble1924 daily double1930 all-up1933 round robin1944 double1951 twin double1960 perfecta1961 pool1963 lose bet1964 tiercé1964 Yankee bet1964 Yankee1967 nap1971 superfecta1971 tricast1972 triple1972 trixie1973 telebetting1974 trifecta1974 over-and-under1975 over-under1981 spread bet1981 1874 Hotten's Slang Dict. (rev. ed.) 293 Skinner, a term among bookmakers. ‘May we have a skinner,’ i.e., may we skin the lamb. 1893 Westm. Gaz. 13 Apr. 5/2 Yesterday's race..resulted in what the sporting public, high and low, graphically describe as a ‘skinner’. The bookmakers..do the skinning. 1907 A. Wright Keane of Kalgoorlie 66 Although he had gone up in the weights considerably, his owner decreed that he should win the Rosehill handicap, and give the ‘shop’ another ‘skinner’. 1930 Technique of Betting 7 Frequently a race is won by a horse against which the bookmaker has not laid any bet, and the book then shows a profit of 100%—the bookmaker has what he calls a ‘skinner’. 1934 T. Wood Cobbers viii. 96 Charles..would lay two to one port-wine jelly, five to apple-pie... Tonight we had college pudding and jam tart. Charles..said it was a skinner for the books. 1977 A. C. H. Smith Jericho Gun v. 60 At twelve to one, which is the forecast SP here, it's a skinner. 1995 Racing Post 14 July 64/4 The rank outsider shot a 68 yesterday to move within a shot of leader Montgomerie. He'll be a complete skinner for the industry. 9. New Zealand slang. In predicative use. A person who is out of money; a resource which has been completely exhausted. Cf. skinned adj. 6. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > poor person > person lacking money sans dener1469 empty pocket1834 stumer1898 skinner1943 1943 Penguin New Writing 18 68 So I paid for the pair of us, which left me practically a skinner. 1951 W. Lawson Gold in their Hearts 130 ‘Ain't they gettin' gold there now?’ ‘Not much—she's a bit of a skinner, I reckon.’ 1967 Landfall 21 241 Sure you're a skinner? Not a drop in the place, I mean? 1988 D. McGill Dict. Kiwi Slang 103 Skinner, broke or empty; in latter case you might say ‘the beer's a skinner’. Compounds General attributive, as skinner boy, skinner craft, skinner work, etc. rare in later use. ΚΠ 1400 in C. Frost Early Hist. Hull (1827) App. 17 (MED) ij m skenereswark, m redewark.] 1471–2 in T. Thomson Acts Lords Auditors (1839) 18/2 The dekin & craftismen of the skynnar craft of the burghe of Perthe. 1539 in D. H. Fleming Reg. Privy Seal Scotl. (1921) II. 471/2 Andro Kynnyrus, skynnar boy in Dunde. 1599 in M. Wood & R. K. Hannay Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1927) V. 247 The deykin and brether of the skynners to se that na skynner wark be sawld..upoun the hie streitts. 1641 J. Spencer Disc. Divers Petitions sig. D The reproachfull taunts of any insulting Skinner man, that knowes better how to scrape ten groats out of a translated sheep-skin, than how to repair the losse of unvaluable Learning. 1794 R. Gray in W. Scott Stat. Acc. Perth (1796) 38 This corporation has a very convenient skinner-work. 1813 Sporting Mag. Apr. 126/1 A young lad..of the skinner trade, was the best shot among the journeymen and apprentices, and received the prize of a new hat. 2006 Evening Standard (Nexis) 8 Sept. 13 There were many squabbles..between livery companies as to their standing in the pecking order. The Merchant Taylors Company (tailors) and the Skinner Company (furriers) both thought they should be above each other. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Skinnern.² Brit. /ˈskɪnə/, U.S. /ˈskɪnər/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Skinner. Etymology: < the name of Burrhus Frederic Skinner (1904–90), U.S. psychologist. Compare Skinnerian adj. attributive. Designating psychological methods and theories associated with B. F. Skinner; esp. in Skinner box n. an apparatus containing a lever or other manipulable device which an animal (typically a rat) learns to use in order to obtain a reward or avoid punishment. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > experimental psychology > measurement of mental states > experimental device > [noun] > experimental box Skinner box1938 1938 Jrnl. Exper. Psychol. 23 507 A modified form of the Skinner apparatus. 1940 Jrnl. Exper. Psychol. 26 614 (heading) The variability of extinction scores in ‘Skinner-box’ experiments. 1962 Listener 13 Sept. 390/1 The technique for measuring the pressure applied to a lever by a rat in a Skinner-box. 1980 T. S. Brown & P. M. Wallace Physiol. Psychol. xv. 457 Most of the principles of learning were derived from studies on a single animal (the white rat) in a single learning situation (instrumental conditioning in the Skinner box). 2002 N.Y. Mag. 25 Feb. 64/1 If you hooked a bunch of corpulent restaurant critics up like Skinner rats, you'd find darker, reddish colors make them salivate for unctuous brasserie foods (fat boudins, choucroute) and giant sides of beef. Derivatives ˈSkinnerism n. the neo-behaviourist school of psychology associated with B. F. Skinner. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > behaviourism > Skinnerism > [noun] Skinnerism1958 1958 Philos. Rev. 67 399 But the case is largely presented in terms of Skinnerian behaviorism and Skinnerian theory about theories in general, and so is exposed to a Scrivenian critique of Skinnerism. 1969 Times Educ. Suppl. 16 May 1640/2 I fear the growth of Skinnerism and its rats and pigeons. 1997 Southern Econ. Jrnl. 64 353 This is strongly reminiscent of the now largely discredited behavioral psychology of B. F. Skinner and like Skinnerism is perversely self-absorbed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1255n.²1938
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skinnern.1

Compounds

Skinnern.2

Derivatives

skinnern.¹

Skinnern.²