单词 | sinus |
释义 | sinusn. 1. Pathology. An impostume, abscess, or sore, forming a narrow suppurating tract and having a small orifice; the cavity or hollow caused by this. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > suppuration > [noun] > a suppuration > abscess > fistula fester?c1225 fistulaa1400 sinus1598 thistolow1674 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 45/1 If the Sinus be in the legge, & the bottome of the same vnder the Knee. 1693 tr. S. Blankaart Physical Dict. (ed. 2) 186 Sinus, is when the beginning of an Abscess or Ulcer is narrow, but the bottom large. 1748 tr. Vegetius Of Distempers Horses 238 When the Pus..has been squeezed out, the Sinus itself, which contained it, is washed. 1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 124 Sinuses remained where the abscesses had been. 1881 Med. Temp. Jrnl. 46 83 There was a sinus discharging pus on the inside of the right thigh above the knee. 2. a. A curvature, flexure, or bend; spec. in Zoology, a curved recess in a shell. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > [noun] > a curve bightOE crookingc1380 curvature?a1425 bought1519 compass1545 ply1575 reflexure1578 curve1596 circumflex1601 curb1601 flexion1607 flexure1608 round1608 sinus1615 return1626 inflection1658 curvity1705 sweep1715 tarve1848 the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [noun] > bend or fold folda1250 plight1543 duplication1578 reduplication1578 sinus1615 plica1660 recess1666 duplicature1683 reduplicature1698 geniculum1701 genu1854 infraction1882 uncinate1891 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 995 The third bone hath two Sinus distinguished by a long knot, whereinto the heads of the second bone are receyued: againe the knub of the third bone entreth into the Sinus of the second [etc.]. 1656 tr. T. Hobbes Elements Philos. ii. xiv. 130 Howsoever a Line be bowed, it makes alwayes a Sinus or Cavity. 1720 Bibliotheca Biblica I. 235 There was no Sinus or Inequality, or perhaps so much as one Pore left open, according to this Hypothesis of the Figure of the Ark. a1728 J. Woodward Attempt Nat. Hist. Fossils Eng. (1729) ii. 73 Another [echinus], depress'd by some external Force, so as to make a large Sinus on one side. 1802 W. Paley Nat. Theol. iii. 45 The root of this outward ear, the folds and sinuses thereof..conducting the air towards it. 1822 J. Parkinson Outl. Oryctol. 156 A wing or lobe, having a sinus distinct from the notched canal at the base. 1840 E. Blyth et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom 360 There is a broad notch or sinus in the columella. b. Botany. One of a series of small rounded depressions on the margin of a leaf. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [noun] > part or side of backsidec1392 cut1563 purl1626 ambitient1657 unguicle1657 verge1704 sinus1753 pagina1832 blade1835 crenel1835 biforine1842 underleaf1873 tentacle1875 bullation1882 leaf skin1974 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Leaf A leaf with sinus's at the sides. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxviii. 438 The sinuses being opposite. 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 59 Their sinuses sometimes lengthened into other lobes. 1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands 325 Auricles rounded incurved almost enclosing the deep sinus. 3. Anatomy. a. One or other of various irregular venous cavities, reservoirs, or dilated blood vessels in different organs or parts of the body; a venous channel or receptacle of blood.These are frequently distinguished according to their extent, particular form, or position. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun] eddreOE arm-eddrec1230 veina1325 pipec1385 weasand1398 venaa1400 conceptacle1576 vene1606 line1611 blood vessel1655 sinus1673 sanguiduct1681 blood sinus1857 1673 Philos. Trans. 1672 (Royal Soc.) 7 5134 Whether there is any sinus or common Trunk, into which all the veins are gathered. 1731 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 37 92 We found the Veins much distended with Blood, as were also the Veins and Sinuses of the Brain. 1762 Philos. Trans. 1761 (Royal Soc.) 52 267 The brain was..no-ways loaded with blood, either in its proper vessels, or in the contiguous sinuses of the dura mater. 1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 437 Inferior Longitudinal Sinus.., occupying the lower edge of the cerebral falx. 1851 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca i. 31 Both the arteries and veins form occasionally wide spaces, or sinuses. 1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals i. 58 The venous system presents many large sinuses in the lower vertebrates. b. A natural hole, cell, or cavity in the substance of a bone or other tissue, and either closed or having a relatively small opening. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > indentation or cavity > [noun] > depression or cavity pita1275 holec1300 cella1398 den1398 follicle?a1425 purse?a1425 pocketa1450 fossac1475 cystis1543 trench1565 conceptory1576 vesike1577 vesicle1578 vault1594 socket1601 bladderet1615 cistern1615 cavern1626 ventricle1641 bladder1661 antrum1684 conceptaculum1691 capsule1693 cellule1694 loculus1694 sinus1704 vesicula1705 vesica1706 fosse1710 pouch1712 cyst1721 air chamber1725 fossula1733 alveole1739 sac1741 sacculus1749 locule1751 compartment1772 air cell1774 fossule1803 umbilicus1811 conceptacle1819 cœlia1820 utricle1822 air sac1835 saccule1836 ampulla1845 vacuole1853 scrobicule1880 faveolus1882 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. (at cited word) Any Cavity in or between the Vessels of an Animal Body, the Anatomists call a Sinus. 1741 A. Monro Anat. Human Bones (ed. 3) 28 Sinuses, large Cavities within the Substance of the Bones, with small Apertures. 1767 B. Gooch Pract. Treat. Wounds I. 297 The application of the trepan to the frontal sinuses. 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 434/2 In the bones of the head we find certain cells, called sinuses, which contain air, not marrow. 1871 C. Darwin Descent of Man I. iv. 121 The frontal sinus, or the projection over the eye-brows is largely developed. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > hole or pit > [noun] dalea800 piteOE dike847 hollowc897 hole946 seathc950 delfOE hollc1050 ditchc1275 lakec1320 holetc1380 slacka1500 dell1531 vault1535 pit-hole1583 delve1590 lough1672 sinusa1676 gap1696 self-lough1700 scoop1780 cup1819 a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) 299 By the excavation of certain Sinus and Tracts of the Earth,..the Water subsided into those Caverns..prepared for its reception. 1684 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 513 They meet with [natural cavities in the earth] very frequently, some..running away with small Sinus's. 1784 J. Twamley Dairying Exemplified 145 The Earth..abounding every where with canals and sinuses, wherein the Dew and Rain-water..glide. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > bend in coast > [noun] > bay or gulf bay1385 bosomc1400 gulfc1400 gouffre1477 break?1520 reach1526 bight1555 opening1576 sine1605 breach1611 cod1611 traversea1645 sinus1684 embayment1815 1684 T. Burnet Theory of Earth i. 110 The promontories and capes shoot into the sea, and the sinus's and creeks..run as much into the land. 1692 J. Ray Misc. Disc. v. 71 The Sea would rather run into them, and make Sinuses. 1717 G. Berkeley Jrnls. Trav. Italy 26 May in Wks. (1955) VII. 282 Left Brindisi..a bridge over a narrow sinus of ye sea. 1749 W. Douglass Summary I. 399 A salt water sinus, commonly called a continuation of Taunton river. 1789 J. Williams Nat. Hist. Mineral Kingdom II. 163 The great number of friths, sinuses, or arms of the sea. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. sinus affection n. sinus aneurysm n. ΚΠ 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 940 The presence or absence of sinus aneurysm. sinus infection n. ΚΠ 1936 Discovery Dec. 380/1 I was suffering from widespread sinus infection. sinus phlebitis n. sinus pyaemia n. sinus thrombosis n. b. sinus-like adj. ΚΠ 1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 678/1 Sinus-like spaces surrounding the viscera. C2. sinus gland n. [translating German sinusdrüse (B. Hanström 1937, in K. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. XVI. iii. 3)] Zoology a structure in the eye stalk or head of crustaceans originally thought to be a gland but now recognized as a neurohæmal organ in which are stored various hormones concerned with growth, reproduction, and metabolism. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > member of > parts of > eye-stalk > organ in eye-stalk or head sinus gland1938 1938 Arkiv för Zoologi XXX B. viii. 1 When investigating the nervous system and the organs of sense of the crustaceans, Hanström found (1931–1935) two organs which he called the blood gland (the sinus gland) and the X-organ. 1972 M. S. Gardiner Biol. Invertebr. xvii. 714/1 Molting in decapod crustaceans is also influenced by hormones discharged from the sinus glands. sinus probe n. (see quot. a1884). ΚΠ a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 816/2 Sinus Probe, a vermicular pointed uterine curved probe, used in its peculiar branch of surgical operations. sinus rhythm n. the normal rhythm of the heart, proceeding from the sino-atrial node. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > pulsation > heartbeat > [noun] > types of palpitation?a1425 panting1440 dunt1768 wallop1824 apex beat1847 afterbeat1853 impulse1873 extrasystole1900 sinus rhythm1911 afterpotential1930 afterload1941 preload1960 1911 T. Lewis Mechanism of Heart Beat xii. 132 The compensatory pause fails; that is to say, disturbance of sinus rhythm may be demonstrated. 1980 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 29 Mar. 922/2 Ventricular fibrillation was converted to sinus rhythm with a ‘thump’ on the chest. sinus venosus n. [modern Latin, < venōsus venous] a part of some vertebrate hearts into which the veins lead and which empties into the atrium. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > heart > [noun] > other parts of heart-rootc1390 cone1615 sinus venosus1836 cor pulmonale1857 pacemaker1910 the world > animals > animal body > general parts > internal organs and systems > [noun] > heart, liver, or lungs > part of heart into which veins lead sinus venosus1836 1836–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 579/2 This division of the auricle into proper auricle and sinus venosus is more distinct in the left than in the right auricle. 1926 J. S. Huxley Ess. Pop. Sci. 199 The ventricle of the frog's heart has its own independent rate of beat when isolated. But in the intact animal this independent rate is all the time being speeded up by the faster-beating sinus venosus. 1970 Encycl. Biol. Sci. (ed. 2) 400/2 In the fish, amphibians, and reptiles the contraction starts in the thin muscle wall of the sinus venosus... In birds and mammals the sinus venosus is absent. sinus-wall n. ΚΠ 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 575 The tissue intermediate between the original inflammation and the sinus wall. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1598 |
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