Siouxn.adj.

Brit.

/suː/, U.S.

/su/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, Siouxs.

Forms: 1700s Scieux, 1700s Siooz (plural), 1700s Siou, 1700s Sou, 1700s–1800s Sue, 1700s Suoux, 1700s–1800s Cioux, 1700s–1800s Scioux, 1700s–1800s Sieux, 1700s– Sioux, 1800s Saoux, 1800s Saus (plural), 1800s Sceouex, 1800s Sceoux, 1800s Seauex, 1800s Seaux, 1800s Seouex, 1800s Siowee, 1800s Soo, 1800s Soue, 1800s Souex, 1800s Souix, 1800s Soux, 1800s Suouex, 1800s Suouez (plural).

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French Sioux.

Etymology: < North American French Sioux, †Scioux, †Cioux (1687), shortened < †Nadouessioux (1670 as †Nadoüessious) < Ojibwa (Old Ottawa) nātowēssiwak, lit. ‘someone (who is) a bit like a Northern Iroquoian’ ( < nātowē Iroquois person (see note) + -ssiw, suffix expressing similarity), with substitution of French -x, -s, plural endings, for Ojibwa -ak, animate plural ending. Compare earlier French †Nadvesiv (1640), †Nadouesiouek (1656), directly reflecting the Ojibwa plural stem and animate plural, respectively.Ojibwa (Old Ottawa) nātowē and its cognates in neighbouring languages are usually used to denote members of various Northern Iroquoian groups; they are probably related to a Proto-Algonquian base with the sense ‘to speak a foreign language’. Self-designation For self-designations compare e.g. the forms cited at Lakota n. and Dakota n. Related earlier borrowing. Compare the following examples of longer forms of the name in English contexts, apparently earliest in translations from French (in quot. 1698 apparently reflecting substitution of French -an -an suffix for the ending; in this form also on a 1683 map by the same author); such forms remained in use throughout the 18th cent.:1698 tr. L. Hennepin New Discov. in Amer. lvi. 217 The wisest and most considerable of all the Chiefs of the Issati and Nadouessians [Fr. Nadoüessans].1703 tr. L. de Lahontan New Voy. N.-Amer. I. 110 I was so far from designing to march toward the Nadouessious [Fr. Nadouessious] his Enemies.

A. n.

1. Originally: a member of a group of related North American peoples who speak any of the languages in the Sioux family (sense A. 2a). Now: spec. a member of a group of North American peoples comprising the Santee, Yankton, and Lakota; = Dakota n. 1. Cf. Lakota n., Santee n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > [noun] > members of principal groups

Algonquin1667

Sioux1703

Athabaskan1846

Algonquian1890

Macro-Algonquian1965

the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > Plains Indian > [noun] > Siouan

Assiniboine1690

Missouri1698

Osage1698

Santee1698

Teton1698

Yankton1698

Sioux1703

Kansa1722

Otoe1760

Omaha1761

Maha1778

Big Belly1785

Mandan1790

Minnetaree1796

Crow1801

Dakota1804

Gros Ventre1804

Kaw1804

Miniconjou1804

Ponca1804

Absaroka1812

Oglala1825

Missourian1833

Lakota1846

Dakotan1871

Hidatsa1873

Siouan1885

the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Sioux language family > member of

Sioux1703

Dakota1837

Ponca1883

Siouan1885

Omaha1887

1703 tr. L. de Lahontan New Voy. N.-Amer. II. 85 The Arms for the Nation..are painted in Colours upon these strip'd Trees; and for that reason 'twil not be improper to subjoin a Description of 'em... The Nadouessis or Scioux have a Squirrel Gules, gnawing a Citron Or.

1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia xi. 185 Sioux. On the heads of the Mississippi and westward of that river.

1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie III. vii. 227 The keen weapon..meeting the naked breast of the impetuous Sioux, the blade was buried to the buck-horn haft.

1846 W. I. Kip tr. G. Marest in Early Jesuit Missions N. Amer. I. 225 During the first day of our departure, we found a canoe of the Scioux.

1872 Advocate of Peace May 183/2 Mr. Brunot had visited Red Cloud, and the most warlike Siouxs of Dacotah to cement the peace to which the chiefs had pledged themselves.

1957 P. Worsley Trumpet shall Sound 222 To the Sioux..the coming of the Dance helped to set off a train of events which culminated in the bloody massacre at Wounded Knee.

1975 D. Pitts This City is Ours xiv. 48 His name was Mick Dull Knife; he was a full-blooded Sioux and a graduate of Princeton.

2017 Cornell Daily Sun (Ithaca, N.Y.) (Nexis) 16 Feb. 1 The conduit would..cut through land the Sioux believe was taken from them unlawfully.

a. A family of languages spoken by the Sioux and related peoples; = Siouan n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Sioux language family

Sioux1776

Siouan1885

the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Sioux language family > languages of

Sioux1776

Missouri1804

Osage1804

Mandan1805

Winnebago1831

Yuchi1836

Crow1846

Otoe1848

Yankton1849

Dakotana1856

Assiniboine1872

Teton1877

Santee1882

Kansa1933

Oglala1933

Lakota1939

Omaha1957

Hidatsa1964

Ho-Chunk1997

1776 J. O. Justamond tr. G. T. F. Raynal Philos. Hist. Europeans in Indies IV. xv. 14 Three original languages were spoken in Canada, the Algonquin, the Sioux [Fr. la siouse], and the Huron.

1907 Amer. Anthropologist 9 472 The phonetic range..is characterized by some peculiarities when compared with that of Iroquois, Sioux, and Algonquian.

1954 Amer. Anthropologist 56 926 The distinction continued to develop spontaneously in Sioux and Uto-Aztecan but slipped into Penutian as a substratum.

b. The language of the Sioux.

ΚΠ

1804 in Jrnls. Lewis & Clark Exped. (1988) V. 429 As[sini]boins..[speak] Soues (Dar co ta) with a little Corruption.

1891 W. F. Johnson Life of Sitting Bull x. 162 The chief on that occasion dictated a message.., which Mr. Selwyn wrote down in Sioux and afterward translated into English.

1915 J. Buchan Salute to Adventurers ix. 141 He said something in Sioux to one of the warriors.

1971 Guardian 18 Sept. 10/4 She spoke only Cheyenne and Sioux.

2016 Agweek Mag. (N. Dakota) (Nexis) 27 Nov. My grandma, who learned to speak Sioux from her friends and neighbors as a child, started the first kindergarten program in Fort Yates.

B. adj.

1. Of, belonging to, or relating to the Sioux or their languages.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > [adjective] > members of principal groups

Sioux1761

Athabaskan1844

Algonquian1883

the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [adjective] > of Sioux language family > of Sioux languages

Sioux1761

Otoe1794

Dakota1809

Lakota1846

Poncac1869

Crow1935

1761 D. Claus Let. 19 Mar. in Papers Sir W. Johnson (1921) III. 363 I picked up a pair of shoes made by the Sioux Indⁱⁿ. to the Westward.

1805 Z. M. Pike Jrnl. 8 Sept. in Acct. Exped. Sources Mississippi (1810) i. 14 His design was to winter with some of the Sioux bands.

1893 L. Wagner Significance of Names 36 The Sioux State [is] the territory of the Sioux tribe of Indians.

1919 S. Lewis Free Air ix. 101 She fancied that on it the Sioux scout still sat sentinel.

1973 TESOL Q. 7 346 The first article..is a bibliographic essay dealing with the studies of the Sioux language and its dialects.

2016 Daily Iowan (Nexis) 1 Dec. 1 The Sioux Nation refused this money to uphold the notion that their land was never sold to the U.S.

2. Of or relating to the Sioux language family or any language within this group; = Siouan adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [adjective] > of Sioux language family

Sioux1795

Dakota1809

Siouan1882

Omaha1897

1795 Robertson's Hist. Amer. i. 43 Amongst all the northern nations inhabiting about Canada, the Sioux, Algonquin, and Huron languages are the only radical ones.

1836 A. Gallatin in Trans. & Coll. Amer. Antiquarian Soc. 2 120 The nations which speak the Sioux language may be considered..as consisting of four subdivisions, viz. the Winnebagoes; the Sioux proper and Assiniboins; [etc.].

2009 Anthropol. Linguistics 51 101 We can compare the turtle theme as it appears in the myths of the Ojibwa..with its counterpart found among the Dakota, a neighboring group belonging to the Sioux language family.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sioux
释义	Siouxn.adj. Brit. /suː/, U.S. /su/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, Siouxs. Forms: 1700s Scieux, 1700s Siooz (plural), 1700s Siou, 1700s Sou, 1700s–1800s Sue, 1700s Suoux, 1700s–1800s Cioux, 1700s–1800s Scioux, 1700s–1800s Sieux, 1700s– Sioux, 1800s Saoux, 1800s Saus (plural), 1800s Sceouex, 1800s Sceoux, 1800s Seauex, 1800s Seaux, 1800s Seouex, 1800s Siowee, 1800s Soo, 1800s Soue, 1800s Souex, 1800s Souix, 1800s Soux, 1800s Suouex, 1800s Suouez (plural). Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French Sioux. Etymology: < North American French Sioux, †Scioux, †Cioux (1687), shortened < †Nadouessioux (1670 as †Nadoüessious) < Ojibwa (Old Ottawa) nātowēssiwak, lit. ‘someone (who is) a bit like a Northern Iroquoian’ ( < nātowē Iroquois person (see note) + -ssiw, suffix expressing similarity), with substitution of French -x, -s, plural endings, for Ojibwa -ak, animate plural ending. Compare earlier French †Nadvesiv (1640), †Nadouesiouek (1656), directly reflecting the Ojibwa plural stem and animate plural, respectively.Ojibwa (Old Ottawa) nātowē and its cognates in neighbouring languages are usually used to denote members of various Northern Iroquoian groups; they are probably related to a Proto-Algonquian base with the sense ‘to speak a foreign language’. Self-designation For self-designations compare e.g. the forms cited at Lakota n. and Dakota n. Related earlier borrowing. Compare the following examples of longer forms of the name in English contexts, apparently earliest in translations from French (in quot. 1698 apparently reflecting substitution of French -an -an suffix for the ending; in this form also on a 1683 map by the same author); such forms remained in use throughout the 18th cent.:1698 tr. L. Hennepin New Discov. in Amer. lvi. 217 The wisest and most considerable of all the Chiefs of the Issati and Nadouessians [Fr. Nadoüessans].1703 tr. L. de Lahontan New Voy. N.-Amer. I. 110 I was so far from designing to march toward the Nadouessious [Fr. Nadouessious] his Enemies. A. n. 1. Originally: a member of a group of related North American peoples who speak any of the languages in the Sioux family (sense A. 2a). Now: spec. a member of a group of North American peoples comprising the Santee, Yankton, and Lakota; = Dakota n. 1. Cf. Lakota n., Santee n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > [noun] > members of principal groups Algonquin1667 Sioux1703 Athabaskan1846 Algonquian1890 Macro-Algonquian1965 the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > Plains Indian > [noun] > Siouan Assiniboine1690 Missouri1698 Osage1698 Santee1698 Teton1698 Yankton1698 Sioux1703 Kansa1722 Otoe1760 Omaha1761 Maha1778 Big Belly1785 Mandan1790 Minnetaree1796 Crow1801 Dakota1804 Gros Ventre1804 Kaw1804 Miniconjou1804 Ponca1804 Absaroka1812 Oglala1825 Missourian1833 Lakota1846 Dakotan1871 Hidatsa1873 Siouan1885 the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Sioux language family > member of Sioux1703 Dakota1837 Ponca1883 Siouan1885 Omaha1887 1703 tr. L. de Lahontan New Voy. N.-Amer. II. 85 The Arms for the Nation..are painted in Colours upon these strip'd Trees; and for that reason 'twil not be improper to subjoin a Description of 'em... The Nadouessis or Scioux have a Squirrel Gules, gnawing a Citron Or. 1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia xi. 185 Sioux. On the heads of the Mississippi and westward of that river. 1827 J. F. Cooper Prairie III. vii. 227 The keen weapon..meeting the naked breast of the impetuous Sioux, the blade was buried to the buck-horn haft. 1846 W. I. Kip tr. G. Marest in Early Jesuit Missions N. Amer. I. 225 During the first day of our departure, we found a canoe of the Scioux. 1872 Advocate of Peace May 183/2 Mr. Brunot had visited Red Cloud, and the most warlike Siouxs of Dacotah to cement the peace to which the chiefs had pledged themselves. 1957 P. Worsley Trumpet shall Sound 222 To the Sioux..the coming of the Dance helped to set off a train of events which culminated in the bloody massacre at Wounded Knee. 1975 D. Pitts This City is Ours xiv. 48 His name was Mick Dull Knife; he was a full-blooded Sioux and a graduate of Princeton. 2017 Cornell Daily Sun (Ithaca, N.Y.) (Nexis) 16 Feb. 1 The conduit would..cut through land the Sioux believe was taken from them unlawfully. 2. a. A family of languages spoken by the Sioux and related peoples; = Siouan n. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Sioux language family Sioux1776 Siouan1885 the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Sioux language family > languages of Sioux1776 Missouri1804 Osage1804 Mandan1805 Winnebago1831 Yuchi1836 Crow1846 Otoe1848 Yankton1849 Dakotana1856 Assiniboine1872 Teton1877 Santee1882 Kansa1933 Oglala1933 Lakota1939 Omaha1957 Hidatsa1964 Ho-Chunk1997 1776 J. O. Justamond tr. G. T. F. Raynal Philos. Hist. Europeans in Indies IV. xv. 14 Three original languages were spoken in Canada, the Algonquin, the Sioux [Fr. la siouse], and the Huron. 1907 Amer. Anthropologist 9 472 The phonetic range..is characterized by some peculiarities when compared with that of Iroquois, Sioux, and Algonquian. 1954 Amer. Anthropologist 56 926 The distinction continued to develop spontaneously in Sioux and Uto-Aztecan but slipped into Penutian as a substratum. b. The language of the Sioux. ΚΠ 1804 in Jrnls. Lewis & Clark Exped. (1988) V. 429 As[sini]boins..[speak] Soues (Dar co ta) with a little Corruption. 1891 W. F. Johnson Life of Sitting Bull x. 162 The chief on that occasion dictated a message.., which Mr. Selwyn wrote down in Sioux and afterward translated into English. 1915 J. Buchan Salute to Adventurers ix. 141 He said something in Sioux to one of the warriors. 1971 Guardian 18 Sept. 10/4 She spoke only Cheyenne and Sioux. 2016 Agweek Mag. (N. Dakota) (Nexis) 27 Nov. My grandma, who learned to speak Sioux from her friends and neighbors as a child, started the first kindergarten program in Fort Yates. B. adj. 1. Of, belonging to, or relating to the Sioux or their languages. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > [adjective] > members of principal groups Sioux1761 Athabaskan1844 Algonquian1883 the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [adjective] > of Sioux language family > of Sioux languages Sioux1761 Otoe1794 Dakota1809 Lakota1846 Poncac1869 Crow1935 1761 D. Claus Let. 19 Mar. in Papers Sir W. Johnson (1921) III. 363 I picked up a pair of shoes made by the Sioux Indⁱⁿ. to the Westward. 1805 Z. M. Pike Jrnl. 8 Sept. in Acct. Exped. Sources Mississippi (1810) i. 14 His design was to winter with some of the Sioux bands. 1893 L. Wagner Significance of Names 36 The Sioux State [is] the territory of the Sioux tribe of Indians. 1919 S. Lewis Free Air ix. 101 She fancied that on it the Sioux scout still sat sentinel. 1973 TESOL Q. 7 346 The first article..is a bibliographic essay dealing with the studies of the Sioux language and its dialects. 2016 Daily Iowan (Nexis) 1 Dec. 1 The Sioux Nation refused this money to uphold the notion that their land was never sold to the U.S. 2. Of or relating to the Sioux language family or any language within this group; = Siouan adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [adjective] > of Sioux language family Sioux1795 Dakota1809 Siouan1882 Omaha1897 1795 Robertson's Hist. Amer. i. 43 Amongst all the northern nations inhabiting about Canada, the Sioux, Algonquin, and Huron languages are the only radical ones. 1836 A. Gallatin in Trans. & Coll. Amer. Antiquarian Soc. 2 120 The nations which speak the Sioux language may be considered..as consisting of four subdivisions, viz. the Winnebagoes; the Sioux proper and Assiniboins; [etc.]. 2009 Anthropol. Linguistics 51 101 We can compare the turtle theme as it appears in the myths of the Ojibwa..with its counterpart found among the Dakota, a neighboring group belonging to the Sioux language family. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1703
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