sithadv.conj.prep.

Brit.

/sɪð/, U.S.

/sɪð/

Forms:

α. Old English siðða (Northumbrian), late Old English–early Middle English siððe, early Middle English siðe, early Middle English sydðe, early Middle English syððe, Middle English siȝth, Middle English sihtthe, Middle English sit, Middle English sithȝ, Middle English siththe, Middle English sitth, Middle English sitthe, Middle English sittþ, Middle English siþ, Middle English siþe, Middle English siþthe, Middle English siþþ, Middle English siþþe, Middle English sygth, Middle English syhthe, Middle English syt, Middle English sytȝhe, Middle English sytht, Middle English sythte, Middle English syththe, Middle English sythþe, Middle English sytthe, Middle English syþe, Middle English syþthe, Middle English syþþe, Middle English syðe, Middle English zytthe (south-eastern), Middle English–1500s sytth, Middle English–1600s sithe, Middle English–1600s sythe, Middle English–1600s (1700s archaic) syth, Middle English– sith, late Middle English scihoþ (transmission error), late Middle English siht (transmission error), late Middle English siþee (perhaps transmission error), late Middle English siy, late Middle English siyye, late Middle English sygh, late Middle English syȝt, late Middle English syȝth, late Middle English syhtthe, late Middle English syyc (transmission error), 1500s sigh (perhaps transmission error), 1600s sieh (transmission error), 1600s suith (Scottish); N.E.D. (1911) also records forms late Middle English syght, late Middle English syghth.

β. Old English soða (Northumbrian, perhaps transmission error), Old English soðða (Northumbrian), early Middle English seodðe (south-west midlands), early Middle English seoþþe (south-west midlands and south-western), early Middle English seoðð (south-west midlands), early Middle English seoðða (south-west midlands), early Middle English seoððe (south-west midlands), early Middle English seðe, early Middle English seððe, Middle English seiþ, Middle English seothe (south-west midlands), Middle English sethte, Middle English seththe, Middle English sethþe, Middle English setth, Middle English setthe, Middle English setþe, Middle English seþ, Middle English seþe, Middle English seþthe, Middle English seþþe, Middle English seythe, Middle English seyþ, Middle English soethþe (south-west midlands), Middle English sothe, Middle English soþ, Middle English soþe, Middle English soþþ, Middle English soþþe, Middle English zeth (south-eastern), Middle English zethe (south-eastern), Middle English zetthe (south-eastern), Middle English zeþþe (south-eastern), Middle English–1500s sethe, Middle English–1600s seth, late Middle English seche (probably transmission error), 1500s seyth, 1800s zeeth (Irish English (Wexford)).

γ. (chiefly south-west midlands and south-western) early Middle English futþe (transmission error), early Middle English sudþe, early Middle English suððe, Middle English suth, Middle English suthe, Middle English suththe, Middle English suthþe, Middle English sutth, Middle English sutthe, Middle English suþ, Middle English suþe, Middle English suþthe, Middle English suþþe, Middle English suþye, late Middle English suyþe (Wiltshire).

Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymons: sithen adv.; sithen conj.

Etymology: Shortened < sithen adv. and sithen conj.Specific forms. Old English (Northumbrian) soðða shows regressive assimilation within the diphthong io (and consequent monophthongization), and the same or a parallel development may be partly reflected by Middle English spellings with o . The following example is often assumed to show an isolated use of Old English sīþ (the adverb on which sithen adv. is formed) as conjunction in the sense ‘after’, but may perhaps instead show currency of siþ as a form of the present word in Old English (in sense B. 3):lOE Agreement between Abbot Ceolred & Wulfred (Sawyer 1440) in S. E. Kelly Charters of Peterborough Abbey (2009) 216 Sið heora tuuege dæg agan sie, þonne agefe mon tuuenti hida higuum to biodland.

Now rare (regional or archaic in later use).

†A. adv.

a. Then, thereupon; afterwards, subsequently. Obsolete (archaic in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > after, afterwards, or later

sitheneOE

aftereOE

sithOE

eftOE

latterOE

aftOE

sithencea1170

sithrec1175

thereup?c1225

baftc1275

furtherc1290

eftsoon1297

therewithala1300

afterwardc1300

afterwardsc1300

soc1300

therewithc1369

eftersoonsa1400

suingly?a1425

at after1425

followingly?c1425

afterhand1438

syne1489

by posteriority1523

in sequel1524

still1526

later1527

subsequently1537

senthis?1553

lately1565

subsequent1568

behindc1600

sequelarly1600

posterior1628

in prosecutiona1641

subsequentiallya1683

artera1746

posteriorly1799

ulteriorly1818

later on1829

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John xi. 7 Deinde post haec dicit discipulis suis eamus in iudaeam iterum : soðða uel ðona æfter ðas cuoeð to his ðegnum faere ue in iudeam eftersona.

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John Epil. Iohannes in prochemio deinde eructauit uerbum deo donante : in deigilnisi uel in foresaga siðða rocgetede uel gisprant word miððy God gisalde.

lOE Prayer (Corpus Cambr. 303) in N. R. Ker Catal. MSS containing Anglo-Saxon (1957) 101 Þæt he us gemiltsie & sylle forgifennesse ealre ure synna þe we siððe oððe ær geworhtan oððe geþohtan.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 49 Þet..he hine icnawe and seodðe hine for-hoȝie.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14741 Þa iwende seint Austin..suð and norð. and seoððe [c1300 Otho suþþe] þurh-ut Englelond.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 1814 Þe rith eye..made he fleye, And siþe clapte him on þe crune.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2997 Whan þei samen hade souped & seþþe whasche after.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1855 Þow scholdest hem ȝelde aȝeyn; And suþþe to him amendes make.

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xii. l. 171 In a myrour..hue made me to loke, And sutthe seide to me, [etc.].

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. l. 215 The pith Pike out,..ek do in sith Donge & cucumber seed.

1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) v. 22 He stode styl,..and syth demaunded hym of the causes of his..sorowe.

?1506 Lytell Geste Robyn Hode (de Worde) sig. C.vi^v To bydde a man to dyner And syth hym bete and bynde.

1512 Helyas in W. J. Thoms Coll. Early Prose Romances (1828) III. 18 Matrabrune murmured alway..bi wicked detraccion, which she put sith in effect.

1906 C. M. Doughty Dawn in Brit. III. x. 73 These pause, then, rise up, to serve the king's guests: Sith, set before them pulse and milk-meat.

b. Next in order or rank; in the next place or position. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > succession or following in time > [adverb] > next in order or then

then971

sitha1300

sinc1330

afterward1340

here-nexta1400

synea1450

juxt1614

a1300 Passion our Lord l. 47 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 38 Alle men he tauhte to holde treowe luue, Erest to god almyhti..Seþþe to luuye his euenyng.

c1400 Comm. on Canticles (Bodl. 288) in T. Arnold Sel. Eng. Wks. J. Wyclif (1871) III. 63 (MED) Saturnus is þe hiȝeste planete, siþ Jubiter, and siþ Mars.

2. With reference to a continuous action or situation: from a previously specified time in the past until now, or until the time being considered. Frequently with alway or ever. Cf. since adv. 2, sithen adv. 2. Obsolete (archaic in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > since > continuously or ever since

sithOE

sithenOE

sithence?a1425

syne?a1425

since1470

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John xix. 12 Exinde quaerebat pilatus dimittere eum : soðða sohte uel beædd se groefa forleta hine.

c1200 ( West Saxon Gospels: John (Hatton) xix. 12 Ænd seððe [OE Corpus Cambr. syððan, c1175 Royal Siððe; L. exinde] sohte Pilatus hu he hine forlæte.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12732 Þat heo..[were] æuer seoððe laðen in auer-ælche londe.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 902 For so hard hacches haue hold me seþþe, þa i not in þe world what is me to rede.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) Prol. l. 832 For alway siththe more and more The world empeireth every day.

c1450 ( St. Nicholas (Egerton) in R. Hamer Three Lives from Gilte Legende (1978) 51 He was begoten in the furst floure of thaire age, and sithe after thei liued in chastite & hadden [c1450 Gloucester ladden] an holy [emended in ed. to heuenly] liff.

a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Certain Bks. Aenæis (1557) ii. sig. Aiii^v Ulysses euer sithe With new found crimes began me to affray.

?1577 Misogonus ii. v. in R. W. Bond Early Plays from Ital. (1911) 219 The rodd alway sith I did spare If I in tyme had him correcte Ide never binn this sore affecte.

1621 in N. Riding Rec. (1894) New Ser. I. 183 And ever seth the woddes hath beyne kept as they ought to be.

1920 C. M. Doughty Mansoul iv. 96 His words, sown in mens hearts, souls, ever sith; Lift from Earths dust, to Heavenly Fatherhood.

3. With reference to a discrete or discontinuous action or situation: at some or any time between a previously specified time in the past and now, or between then and the time being considered; afterwards, subsequently. Cf. since adv. 3a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > since

sithenOE

sitha1350

sithence1529

since1549

a1350 (a1250) Harrowing of Hell (Harl.) (1907) l. 49 Ich haue seþþe þoled ant wyst hot, cold, honger ant þurst.

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. v. l. 441 The kyndenesse þat myne euene-cristene kidde me farnere [read fernyere], Sixty sythes I, sleuthe, haue fo[r]ȝete it sith.

a1419 Let. in Mod. Lang. Rev. (1927) 22 74 (MED) But Leecroft..persewyd after writtys of entre..makyng no mencioun..in his persut aȝeynes þe seyde Jon Hullemore what þat ever þey haue addyd or ympyd in sethe hyderward.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 3287 I also Have enquerid sith..to knowe of his ende.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. B.ij Bycause they erred, wee haue founde sithe the waie.

1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie (new ed.) 4th Serm. sig. Mvi (margin) The byshoppes be stirred theym so then, that some of theim were neuer so diligent sythe.

4. With another temporal adverb or adverbial phrase, esp. long, or with a noun phrase denoting a period of time: ago, before now. Cf. since adv. 4. Obsolete. sith gone full yore: very long ago; long since.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the past > [adverb] > ago

agoc1350

sitha1375

hencea1382

sithena1400

agone1420

sin1490

sithence1537

since1555

syne1573

ygo1579

aback1768

back1797

pass1971

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1647 Elles had i deide for duel many dai seþþe.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 1842 And [it] fell bot siththe awhile,..That my Stepmoder..Forschop me.

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 5098 The deth contagiousli conspired Of Artaxerses sithe go ful yore.

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 62 As y herde an holy man preche, and not longe sythe.

1545 T. Raynald in tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde Prol. C viij It hath ben long sith tought to speke dutche,..spanish, and dyuers other langages.

1581 in Acts Privy Council (1896) XIII. 194 Wheras not long sith their Lordships committed one Jarvis Perpoint, gentleman, to remaine for a time in his [house].

1923 C. M. Doughty Mansoul (rev. ed.) v. 171 Had fays affrighted Moons unwonted murk, Men call Eclipse, of Fayfolks' Seer long sith.

B. conj.

†1.

a. With reference to a continuous action or situation: up to the present time or the time being considered from the time in the past when. Frequently with alway or ever. Also with that. Cf. since conj. 3a. Obsolete (archaic or Scottish in later use).

ΚΠ

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Luke vii. 45 Osculum mihi non dedisti, haec autem ex quo intraui non cessauit osculari pedes meos : coss me ne saldest ðu ðios uutedlice of ðon uel siðða in ic foerde ne blann cossetunges..foeta mine.

a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 55 We auen forgult ure saules wille siðe mid winter com hiderwardes.

c1200 ( West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Hatton) vii. 45 Þeos seððe [OE Corpus Cambr. syððan, c1175 Royal syððan] ich inn eode, ne geswac þæt hyo mine fet ne kyste.

a1300 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 2 Ich habbe isuneȝet..mid alle mine lime siððe ich sunehi cuðe.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 4778 Among þe brutons..was euere cristendom Suþþe it verst..hider com.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 117 Seþþe þat þe see was first i-ordeyned..hit chaungeþ neuere his place.

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. Prol. l. 64 For sith charite haþ be chapman..Many ferlis han fallen.

1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) i. ii. 3 So hast thou done alwey syth thou began.

1566 N. Sanders Supper of Our Lord (new ed.) ii. f. 75^v For this cause euer sith we receaued the faith, we called this blessed supper, The Sacrament of the altar.

1585 T. Bilson True Difference Christian Subiection iii. 490 This hath been the fayth of christian men euer sith our Countrie was conuerted.

1848 Hursley Mag. Oct. 92 Woman's weapon ever sith Old Eve began to chide.

1888 E. S. Holt In Convent Walls ii. i. 174 That's been ever sith world began to run, Dame, I can tell you.

1902 J. Lumsden Toorle 82 I hae grutten owre't sith e'er it cam'.

1910 K. Tynan in Atlantic Monthly Apr. 480 Sith Christ hath left the wormy grave The world's in green and blue.

b. With reference to a discrete or discontinuous action or situation: at some or any time since. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

?c1250 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Egerton) l. 117 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 291 Eal þat eure ilc man haued i-do futþe [read sutþe] he com to manne.

a1300 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 92 Seynt iohan is þe beste þat euer wes iwrouht Seoþþe god makede Middelerd.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1343 (MED) Seþþe crist deide on þe croyce mankinde to saue, ȝe ne herde neuer..of so hard a cunter.

c1405 (c1375) G. Chaucer Monk's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 113 Was neuere wight sith þ^t this world bigan That slew so manye monstres as dide he.

1419 Guildhall Let.-bk. in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 83 (MED) So necessarie ne so acceptable a seruice as ye may do..ye ne might neuer haue don vnto vs seth our werres in Fraunce be-gan.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) lxxviii. sig. Uiii^v I sawe not you syth I was in your bedde.

c1613 ( in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 100 I had no word seth I parted from Plompton.

†2.

a. Following a statement specifying, or an inquiry as to, the duration of the intervening period: from the time in the past when. Cf. since conj. 2a. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Luke xiii. 7 Dixit autem ad cultorem uineae ecce anni tres sunt ex quo uenio querens fructum in ficulnea hac : cuoeð ða to bigencga uel to ðæm bigeonle ðæs wingeardas heono gero ðrio sint of ðon uel soðða ic cuom sohte wæstm on ficbeame ðisser.

c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1963) l. 171 Mani ȝer weren aron suþþe [c1275 Calig. seodðen] his cun þider com.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 66 (MED) I beginne To rekne..How many yeres ben agon Siththe I have trewly loved on.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Mark ix. 20 Hou longe is it, sith this hath falle to hym?

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. 110^v/2 It is longe sith that I knewe, that thou dwelledest in this region.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1537) f. 34^v It is .vi. yere sith Anthony Pie thy father dyd chuse me to be his sonne in law.

1581 B. Rich Farewell Militarie Profession C c iv It is long agoe sithe I haue bothe forgiuen and forgotten these causes.

b. During which; that. Cf. since conj. 2b. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. T.viij It is nowe three score and two yeres sith the earth hath susteigned and fedde the earth of my bodie.

†3. Subsequent to the time when; after. Also with that. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Luke xviii. 33 Et postquam flagellauerint occedent eum : & æfter ðon uel siðða gesuingeð hia ofslæs hine.

c1175 ( West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Royal) i. 14 Syððe [OE Corpus Cambr. Syððan Iohannes geseald wæs, com se hælend on galileam; c1200 Hatton Sydðe; L. postquam].

?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 19 Þæt sindon þe teþ, þe þane mete brecaþ, syþþe þa forme hyne underfangene habbæt.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4579 Seoððe [c1300 Otho After þat] him comen þæ tiðinde of Crist Godes childe, ne leouede þe king mære buten ten ȝere.

a1300 Passion our Lord l. 12 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 37 Þrytty wyntre and more he wes among Monkunne Seoþþe þat Mayde hyne yber.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 242 Lottes wyf betokneþ ham, zeþþe þet hi byeþ iguo out of þe wordle and byeþ yguo into religion, wendeþ ayen be wille..an zetteþ hare herten ine þe wordle.

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 7864 (MED) He hadde nat oure lawe take Seþþe he hadde hys owne forsake.

a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. 576 (MED) Sithe that the said mynchons shewed theire privilegis..by the which they were exempte fro yevyng of the said tythes..They assoiled hem fro the yevyng of the tythes.

a1500 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (Hunterian) (1976) i. 149 (MED) Many cuntrees in þis reme ben destroied..sethe the sterre appered.

4. Seeing that, given that; for the reason that, because. Cf. since conj. 4. Scottish or archaic in later use.

a. As a simple conjunction. Now rare.

ΚΠ

a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Egerton) l. 205 in J. Zupitza & J. Schipper Alt- u. Mitteleng. Übungsbuch (1904) 86 Siððe [a1225 Digby Seðe, ?c1250 Egerton Sudþe, a1225 Lamb. Suððen] god nam sa michele wreche for ane mis dede, we þe swa muchel end oft mis doð muȝen us eaðe a drede.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 47 Hue is hit uoul dede zeþþe hit is kendelich?

c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 500 Seþþe hit is vnknowe to vs, We schul preye for alle ffidelibus.

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xx. l. 33 What neodeþ [emended in ed. to neodeþ hit] þanne a newe lawe to brynge, Sutthe þe furste suffisede?

a1425 (?c1384) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 339 Siþ þei alle been deed in bodi, Cristis wordis may be taken of hem.

c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn Prol. l. 159 Sith yee be in company of honest men & good, Worchith somwhat aftir.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin x. 143 Seth it is so, we shall delyuer yow the rynge.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. lvi^v Nowe sith hell is derer than heuen, I auyse the specially to bye heuen.

1592 T. Tymme Plaine Discouerie Ten Eng. Lepers C iv b It was a shame the sonne shoulde have a beard, sith the father had none.

1631 T. Fuller Heavie Punishment xxvii, in Davids Sinne sig. D4 And yet why so? sith since I call to minde, Than the Clementes none were more vnkind, Then Innocent, more nocent none I finde.

1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos 185 The usual Traffick in the Church of Rome..now ceaseth, sith she herself ceaseth.

1717 E. Fenton Poems 175 Pardie, qd. she, syth theres nat room, Swete Nykin! chafe hem in myne woom.

1718 T. Gifford Let. 15 May in Old-lore Misc. (1912) 5 159 A manifest calumnie sith I never told him any such thing in my life.

1789 European Mag. & London Rev. Apr. 332/1 What [availeth] thy sparkling eyn of peerless sheen, Sith lovers are forbidden from thy seat!

a1801 R. Gall Poems & Songs (1819) 62 But sure, sith nane a meith doth kna, O' fremit bluid she be.

1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision I. ii. 5 It seems..well deserv'd; Sith he of Rome..In heaven's empyreal height was chosen sire.

1861 D. G. Rossetti tr. Dante Vita Nuova in Early Ital. Poets ii. 233 Weep, Lovers, sith Love's very self doth weep, And sith the cause for weeping is so great.

1872 J. S. Blackie Lays of Highlands 43 Sith I am the man I am.

1912 E. Pound tr. G. Cavalcanti Sonnets & Ballate 75 Sith need have bound my heart in bonds of grief, Sith I turn flame in pleasure's saffron fire.

a1978 ‘H. MacDiarmid’ Compl. Poems (1994) II. 1277 Nay, sith, kindred-wise, that knowledge they lack, Beautiful as the unconscious beauties of those.

†b. Followed by that. Obsolete. [Occasionally (as in quot. 1678) in cliticized form sithat.]

ΚΠ

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 100 Zeþþe þet he ys uader, he is diȝtere and gouernour and porueyour to his mayne.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 101 Siþþe þat ȝe telleþ [etc.].

a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) l. 8452 Sith that ye haue him forlore, Ye shal haue a richer husbond.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) vi. 140 Sith that he is not deed, it oughte to suffyse you.

1563 T. Sackville in W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) Buckingham sig. X.ii And in her wealth, sith that such chaunge is wrought, Hope not to much.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. v. sig. E5^v Sith that heauens king From hope of heauen hath thee excluded quight, Why fearest thou?

1651 H. More Second Lash of Alazanomastix in Enthusiasmus Triumphatus (1656) 228 Sith that the Extent of heaven is not acknowledged any higher then the clouds.

1678 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. IV iv. iii. 2 And indeed no wonder, sithat corrupt Nature..has..been ever aspiring after an Equality to the Deitie.

1814 W. Tennant Anster Fair (ed. 2) v. xiii. 163 Sith that death her parents both had ta'en.

a1882 D. G. Rossetti tr. H. von Auë Henry the Leper in Coll. Wks. (1886) II. 425 From his ill he might not be freed, Sith that no woman he might win Of her own will to act herein.

†C. prep.

a. With reference to a discrete or discontinuous action or situation: at some or any time between a specified time, event, etc., and now (or the time being considered). Cf. since prep. 2. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1963) l. 2073 Soch nas neuere..suþþe þe ilke time þat Brutus com her liþe.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2066 (MED) Sire, i seiȝ hire nouȝt seþ hieȝ midniȝt.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 21803 A place Wych, syth tyme that I was born, I hadde neuere seyn to-forn.

1495 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1495 §32. m. 19 Your lettres patentes made sith the same .iiij.^th daie.

1512 R. Copland tr. Knyght of Swanne xi. sig. C.v It is of trouthe notoryly y^t syth my retournynge it is shewed to me..y^t my wyfe..durynge my vyage hath be delyuered of .vii. lytell whelpes.

1535 T. Starkey Let. 15 Feb. in Eng. in Reign Henry VIII (1878) i. p. xiii Syth our fyrst acquyntance..many letturys ther hath byn at sundry tymys betwyx vs wryten.

c1600 (?c1395) Pierce Ploughman's Crede (Trin. Cambr. R.3.15) (1873) l. 158 Swich a bild bold..Say i nouȝt in certeine siþþe a longe tyme.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) ii. i. 106 I come to tell you things sith then befalne.

1640 Wits Recreations sig. H5^v Art Fortune lost, and Ignorance did finde her: Sith when, dull Ignorance with Fortune's store, Hath bin enrich'd.

b. sith late: (as an adverbial phrase) lately, recently. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > recency > [adverb]

neweneOE

newlyeOE

unyoreeOE

noweOE

newOE

lateOE

yesterdaya1300

freshlya1387

of newa1393

anewa1425

newlingsa1425

latewardc1434

the other dayc1450

lately?c1475

erst1480

latewards1484

sith late1484

alatea1500

recently1509

even now1511

late-whiles1561

late ygo1579

formerly1590

just now1591

lastly1592

just1605

low1610

this moment1696

latewardly1721

shortsyne1768

sometime1779

latterly1821

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xlvii. 69 How syth late a hooly man dyd preche therof.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope v. v. f. lxxx^v Of thy thowsand wyles that syth late thow coudest doo, lete me now see..one of them.

2. With reference to a continuous action or situation: ever since or from a specified time, event, etc., until now (or the time being considered). Cf. since prep. 1. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) v. 18 That þe writ[s]..habben þe terme suþþe þe furste passage of þe king Henri, þe kinges fader þat nou is, into Garscoine.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 161 To þat tyme þe archebisshoppis were of Rome, and seþþe þat tyme þe archebisshoppes were of Engelond.

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xx. l. 186 Sith whanne was þe way ouer men [read mennes] hedes?

1442 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1442 §27. m. 5 Seth which tyme..the seide statute hath nat at all tymes be putte in due execucion.

1460 J. Brackley in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 221 In dayly experiens sithe bifore the parlement of Bury.

a1500 ( Pilgrimage of Soul (Egerton) (1953) i. ii. f. 4 (MED) He..alwey enforced him selffe to do that was to thi pleasyng, sithe tyme þat thu first took the charge of his gouernaunce.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 763/1 I have doone naught sythe syxe of the clocke in the mornyng but trotte aboute from place to place.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxlviij His Feuer tercian, of the whiche he had languished sore, sithe his voyage royall into Fraunce.

1614 Life & Death Hector ii. 211 Sith the time that this our warre began..It hath vs cost the life of many a man.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sith
释义	sithadv.conj.prep. Brit. /sɪð/, U.S. /sɪð/ Forms: α. Old English siðða (Northumbrian), late Old English–early Middle English siððe, early Middle English siðe, early Middle English sydðe, early Middle English syððe, Middle English siȝth, Middle English sihtthe, Middle English sit, Middle English sithȝ, Middle English siththe, Middle English sitth, Middle English sitthe, Middle English sittþ, Middle English siþ, Middle English siþe, Middle English siþthe, Middle English siþþ, Middle English siþþe, Middle English sygth, Middle English syhthe, Middle English syt, Middle English sytȝhe, Middle English sytht, Middle English sythte, Middle English syththe, Middle English sythþe, Middle English sytthe, Middle English syþe, Middle English syþthe, Middle English syþþe, Middle English syðe, Middle English zytthe (south-eastern), Middle English–1500s sytth, Middle English–1600s sithe, Middle English–1600s sythe, Middle English–1600s (1700s archaic) syth, Middle English– sith, late Middle English scihoþ (transmission error), late Middle English siht (transmission error), late Middle English siþee (perhaps transmission error), late Middle English siy, late Middle English siyye, late Middle English sygh, late Middle English syȝt, late Middle English syȝth, late Middle English syhtthe, late Middle English syyc (transmission error), 1500s sigh (perhaps transmission error), 1600s sieh (transmission error), 1600s suith (Scottish); N.E.D. (1911) also records forms late Middle English syght, late Middle English syghth. β. Old English soða (Northumbrian, perhaps transmission error), Old English soðða (Northumbrian), early Middle English seodðe (south-west midlands), early Middle English seoþþe (south-west midlands and south-western), early Middle English seoðð (south-west midlands), early Middle English seoðða (south-west midlands), early Middle English seoððe (south-west midlands), early Middle English seðe, early Middle English seððe, Middle English seiþ, Middle English seothe (south-west midlands), Middle English sethte, Middle English seththe, Middle English sethþe, Middle English setth, Middle English setthe, Middle English setþe, Middle English seþ, Middle English seþe, Middle English seþthe, Middle English seþþe, Middle English seythe, Middle English seyþ, Middle English soethþe (south-west midlands), Middle English sothe, Middle English soþ, Middle English soþe, Middle English soþþ, Middle English soþþe, Middle English zeth (south-eastern), Middle English zethe (south-eastern), Middle English zetthe (south-eastern), Middle English zeþþe (south-eastern), Middle English–1500s sethe, Middle English–1600s seth, late Middle English seche (probably transmission error), 1500s seyth, 1800s zeeth (Irish English (Wexford)). γ. (chiefly south-west midlands and south-western) early Middle English futþe (transmission error), early Middle English sudþe, early Middle English suððe, Middle English suth, Middle English suthe, Middle English suththe, Middle English suthþe, Middle English sutth, Middle English sutthe, Middle English suþ, Middle English suþe, Middle English suþthe, Middle English suþþe, Middle English suþye, late Middle English suyþe (Wiltshire). Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymons: sithen adv.; sithen conj. Etymology: Shortened < sithen adv. and sithen conj.Specific forms. Old English (Northumbrian) soðða shows regressive assimilation within the diphthong io (and consequent monophthongization), and the same or a parallel development may be partly reflected by Middle English spellings with o . The following example is often assumed to show an isolated use of Old English sīþ (the adverb on which sithen adv. is formed) as conjunction in the sense ‘after’, but may perhaps instead show currency of siþ as a form of the present word in Old English (in sense B. 3):lOE Agreement between Abbot Ceolred & Wulfred (Sawyer 1440) in S. E. Kelly Charters of Peterborough Abbey (2009) 216 Sið heora tuuege dæg agan sie, þonne agefe mon tuuenti hida higuum to biodland. Now rare (regional or archaic in later use). †A. adv. 1. a. Then, thereupon; afterwards, subsequently. Obsolete (archaic in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > after, afterwards, or later sitheneOE aftereOE sithOE eftOE latterOE aftOE sithencea1170 sithrec1175 thereup?c1225 baftc1275 furtherc1290 eftsoon1297 therewithala1300 afterwardc1300 afterwardsc1300 soc1300 therewithc1369 eftersoonsa1400 suingly?a1425 at after1425 followingly?c1425 afterhand1438 syne1489 by posteriority1523 in sequel1524 still1526 later1527 subsequently1537 senthis?1553 lately1565 subsequent1568 behindc1600 sequelarly1600 posterior1628 in prosecutiona1641 subsequentiallya1683 artera1746 posteriorly1799 ulteriorly1818 later on1829 OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John xi. 7 Deinde post haec dicit discipulis suis eamus in iudaeam iterum : soðða uel ðona æfter ðas cuoeð to his ðegnum faere ue in iudeam eftersona. OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John Epil. Iohannes in prochemio deinde eructauit uerbum deo donante : in deigilnisi uel in foresaga siðða rocgetede uel gisprant word miððy God gisalde. lOE Prayer (Corpus Cambr. 303) in N. R. Ker Catal. MSS containing Anglo-Saxon (1957) 101 Þæt he us gemiltsie & sylle forgifennesse ealre ure synna þe we siððe oððe ær geworhtan oððe geþohtan. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 49 Þet..he hine icnawe and seodðe hine for-hoȝie. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14741 Þa iwende seint Austin..suð and norð. and seoððe [c1300 Otho suþþe] þurh-ut Englelond. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) l. 1814 Þe rith eye..made he fleye, And siþe clapte him on þe crune. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2997 Whan þei samen hade souped & seþþe whasche after. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 1855 Þow scholdest hem ȝelde aȝeyn; And suþþe to him amendes make. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xii. l. 171 In a myrour..hue made me to loke, And sutthe seide to me, [etc.]. tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. l. 215 The pith Pike out,..ek do in sith Donge & cucumber seed. 1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) v. 22 He stode styl,..and syth demaunded hym of the causes of his..sorowe. ?1506 Lytell Geste Robyn Hode (de Worde) sig. C.vi^v To bydde a man to dyner And syth hym bete and bynde. 1512 Helyas in W. J. Thoms Coll. Early Prose Romances (1828) III. 18 Matrabrune murmured alway..bi wicked detraccion, which she put sith in effect. 1906 C. M. Doughty Dawn in Brit. III. x. 73 These pause, then, rise up, to serve the king's guests: Sith, set before them pulse and milk-meat. b. Next in order or rank; in the next place or position. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > succession or following in time > [adverb] > next in order or then then971 sitha1300 sinc1330 afterward1340 here-nexta1400 synea1450 juxt1614 a1300 Passion our Lord l. 47 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 38 Alle men he tauhte to holde treowe luue, Erest to god almyhti..Seþþe to luuye his euenyng. c1400 Comm. on Canticles (Bodl. 288) in T. Arnold Sel. Eng. Wks. J. Wyclif (1871) III. 63 (MED) Saturnus is þe hiȝeste planete, siþ Jubiter, and siþ Mars. 2. With reference to a continuous action or situation: from a previously specified time in the past until now, or until the time being considered. Frequently with alway or ever. Cf. since adv. 2, sithen adv. 2. Obsolete (archaic in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > since > continuously or ever since sithOE sithenOE sithence?a1425 syne?a1425 since1470 OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: John xix. 12 Exinde quaerebat pilatus dimittere eum : soðða sohte uel beædd se groefa forleta hine. c1200 ( West Saxon Gospels: John (Hatton) xix. 12 Ænd seððe [OE Corpus Cambr. syððan, c1175 Royal Siððe; L. exinde] sohte Pilatus hu he hine forlæte. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12732 Þat heo..[were] æuer seoððe laðen in auer-ælche londe. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 902 For so hard hacches haue hold me seþþe, þa i not in þe world what is me to rede. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) Prol. l. 832 For alway siththe more and more The world empeireth every day. c1450 ( St. Nicholas (Egerton) in R. Hamer Three Lives from Gilte Legende (1978) 51 He was begoten in the furst floure of thaire age, and sithe after thei liued in chastite & hadden [c1450 Gloucester ladden] an holy [emended in ed. to heuenly] liff. a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Certain Bks. Aenæis (1557) ii. sig. Aiii^v Ulysses euer sithe With new found crimes began me to affray. ?1577 Misogonus ii. v. in R. W. Bond Early Plays from Ital. (1911) 219 The rodd alway sith I did spare If I in tyme had him correcte Ide never binn this sore affecte. 1621 in N. Riding Rec. (1894) New Ser. I. 183 And ever seth the woddes hath beyne kept as they ought to be. 1920 C. M. Doughty Mansoul iv. 96 His words, sown in mens hearts, souls, ever sith; Lift from Earths dust, to Heavenly Fatherhood. 3. With reference to a discrete or discontinuous action or situation: at some or any time between a previously specified time in the past and now, or between then and the time being considered; afterwards, subsequently. Cf. since adv. 3a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > since sithenOE sitha1350 sithence1529 since1549 a1350 (a1250) Harrowing of Hell (Harl.) (1907) l. 49 Ich haue seþþe þoled ant wyst hot, cold, honger ant þurst. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. v. l. 441 The kyndenesse þat myne euene-cristene kidde me farnere [read fernyere], Sixty sythes I, sleuthe, haue fo[r]ȝete it sith. a1419 Let. in Mod. Lang. Rev. (1927) 22 74 (MED) But Leecroft..persewyd after writtys of entre..makyng no mencioun..in his persut aȝeynes þe seyde Jon Hullemore what þat ever þey haue addyd or ympyd in sethe hyderward. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 3287 I also Have enquerid sith..to knowe of his ende. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. B.ij Bycause they erred, wee haue founde sithe the waie. 1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie (new ed.) 4th Serm. sig. Mvi (margin) The byshoppes be stirred theym so then, that some of theim were neuer so diligent sythe. 4. With another temporal adverb or adverbial phrase, esp. long, or with a noun phrase denoting a period of time: ago, before now. Cf. since adv. 4. Obsolete. sith gone full yore: very long ago; long since. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > [adverb] > ago agoc1350 sitha1375 hencea1382 sithena1400 agone1420 sin1490 sithence1537 since1555 syne1573 ygo1579 aback1768 back1797 pass1971 a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1647 Elles had i deide for duel many dai seþþe. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 1842 And [it] fell bot siththe awhile,..That my Stepmoder..Forschop me. a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 5098 The deth contagiousli conspired Of Artaxerses sithe go ful yore. ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 62 As y herde an holy man preche, and not longe sythe. 1545 T. Raynald in tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde Prol. C viij It hath ben long sith tought to speke dutche,..spanish, and dyuers other langages. 1581 in Acts Privy Council (1896) XIII. 194 Wheras not long sith their Lordships committed one Jarvis Perpoint, gentleman, to remaine for a time in his [house]. 1923 C. M. Doughty Mansoul (rev. ed.) v. 171 Had fays affrighted Moons unwonted murk, Men call Eclipse, of Fayfolks' Seer long sith. B. conj. †1. a. With reference to a continuous action or situation: up to the present time or the time being considered from the time in the past when. Frequently with alway or ever. Also with that. Cf. since conj. 3a. Obsolete (archaic or Scottish in later use). ΚΠ OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Luke vii. 45 Osculum mihi non dedisti, haec autem ex quo intraui non cessauit osculari pedes meos : coss me ne saldest ðu ðios uutedlice of ðon uel siðða in ic foerde ne blann cossetunges..foeta mine. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 55 We auen forgult ure saules wille siðe mid winter com hiderwardes. c1200 ( West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Hatton) vii. 45 Þeos seððe [OE Corpus Cambr. syððan, c1175 Royal syððan] ich inn eode, ne geswac þæt hyo mine fet ne kyste. a1300 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 2 Ich habbe isuneȝet..mid alle mine lime siððe ich sunehi cuðe. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 4778 Among þe brutons..was euere cristendom Suþþe it verst..hider com. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 117 Seþþe þat þe see was first i-ordeyned..hit chaungeþ neuere his place. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. Prol. l. 64 For sith charite haþ be chapman..Many ferlis han fallen. 1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) i. ii. 3 So hast thou done alwey syth thou began. 1566 N. Sanders Supper of Our Lord (new ed.) ii. f. 75^v For this cause euer sith we receaued the faith, we called this blessed supper, The Sacrament of the altar. 1585 T. Bilson True Difference Christian Subiection iii. 490 This hath been the fayth of christian men euer sith our Countrie was conuerted. 1848 Hursley Mag. Oct. 92 Woman's weapon ever sith Old Eve began to chide. 1888 E. S. Holt In Convent Walls ii. i. 174 That's been ever sith world began to run, Dame, I can tell you. 1902 J. Lumsden Toorle 82 I hae grutten owre't sith e'er it cam'. 1910 K. Tynan in Atlantic Monthly Apr. 480 Sith Christ hath left the wormy grave The world's in green and blue. b. With reference to a discrete or discontinuous action or situation: at some or any time since. Obsolete. ΚΠ ?c1250 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Egerton) l. 117 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 291 Eal þat eure ilc man haued i-do futþe [read sutþe] he com to manne. a1300 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 92 Seynt iohan is þe beste þat euer wes iwrouht Seoþþe god makede Middelerd. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1343 (MED) Seþþe crist deide on þe croyce mankinde to saue, ȝe ne herde neuer..of so hard a cunter. c1405 (c1375) G. Chaucer Monk's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 113 Was neuere wight sith þ^t this world bigan That slew so manye monstres as dide he. 1419 Guildhall Let.-bk. in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 83 (MED) So necessarie ne so acceptable a seruice as ye may do..ye ne might neuer haue don vnto vs seth our werres in Fraunce be-gan. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) lxxviii. sig. Uiii^v I sawe not you syth I was in your bedde. c1613 ( in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 100 I had no word seth I parted from Plompton. †2. a. Following a statement specifying, or an inquiry as to, the duration of the intervening period: from the time in the past when. Cf. since conj. 2a. Obsolete. ΚΠ OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Luke xiii. 7 Dixit autem ad cultorem uineae ecce anni tres sunt ex quo uenio querens fructum in ficulnea hac : cuoeð ða to bigencga uel to ðæm bigeonle ðæs wingeardas heono gero ðrio sint of ðon uel soðða ic cuom sohte wæstm on ficbeame ðisser. c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1963) l. 171 Mani ȝer weren aron suþþe [c1275 Calig. seodðen] his cun þider com. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 66 (MED) I beginne To rekne..How many yeres ben agon Siththe I have trewly loved on. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Mark ix. 20 Hou longe is it, sith this hath falle to hym? 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. 110^v/2 It is longe sith that I knewe, that thou dwelledest in this region. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1537) f. 34^v It is .vi. yere sith Anthony Pie thy father dyd chuse me to be his sonne in law. 1581 B. Rich Farewell Militarie Profession C c iv It is long agoe sithe I haue bothe forgiuen and forgotten these causes. b. During which; that. Cf. since conj. 2b. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. T.viij It is nowe three score and two yeres sith the earth hath susteigned and fedde the earth of my bodie. †3. Subsequent to the time when; after. Also with that. Obsolete. ΚΠ OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Luke xviii. 33 Et postquam flagellauerint occedent eum : & æfter ðon uel siðða gesuingeð hia ofslæs hine. c1175 ( West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Royal) i. 14 Syððe [OE Corpus Cambr. Syððan Iohannes geseald wæs, com se hælend on galileam; c1200 Hatton Sydðe; L. postquam]. ?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 19 Þæt sindon þe teþ, þe þane mete brecaþ, syþþe þa forme hyne underfangene habbæt. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4579 Seoððe [c1300 Otho After þat] him comen þæ tiðinde of Crist Godes childe, ne leouede þe king mære buten ten ȝere. a1300 Passion our Lord l. 12 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 37 Þrytty wyntre and more he wes among Monkunne Seoþþe þat Mayde hyne yber. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 242 Lottes wyf betokneþ ham, zeþþe þet hi byeþ iguo out of þe wordle and byeþ yguo into religion, wendeþ ayen be wille..an zetteþ hare herten ine þe wordle. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 7864 (MED) He hadde nat oure lawe take Seþþe he hadde hys owne forsake. a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. 576 (MED) Sithe that the said mynchons shewed theire privilegis..by the which they were exempte fro yevyng of the said tythes..They assoiled hem fro the yevyng of the tythes. a1500 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (Hunterian) (1976) i. 149 (MED) Many cuntrees in þis reme ben destroied..sethe the sterre appered. 4. Seeing that, given that; for the reason that, because. Cf. since conj. 4. Scottish or archaic in later use. a. As a simple conjunction. Now rare. ΚΠ a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Egerton) l. 205 in J. Zupitza & J. Schipper Alt- u. Mitteleng. Übungsbuch (1904) 86 Siððe [a1225 Digby Seðe, ?c1250 Egerton Sudþe, a1225 Lamb. Suððen] god nam sa michele wreche for ane mis dede, we þe swa muchel end oft mis doð muȝen us eaðe a drede. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 47 Hue is hit uoul dede zeþþe hit is kendelich? c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 500 Seþþe hit is vnknowe to vs, We schul preye for alle ffidelibus. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xx. l. 33 What neodeþ [emended in ed. to neodeþ hit] þanne a newe lawe to brynge, Sutthe þe furste suffisede? a1425 (?c1384) J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) III. 339 Siþ þei alle been deed in bodi, Cristis wordis may be taken of hem. c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn Prol. l. 159 Sith yee be in company of honest men & good, Worchith somwhat aftir. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin x. 143 Seth it is so, we shall delyuer yow the rynge. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. lvi^v Nowe sith hell is derer than heuen, I auyse the specially to bye heuen. 1592 T. Tymme Plaine Discouerie Ten Eng. Lepers C iv b It was a shame the sonne shoulde have a beard, sith the father had none. 1631 T. Fuller Heavie Punishment xxvii, in Davids Sinne sig. D4 And yet why so? sith since I call to minde, Than the Clementes none were more vnkind, Then Innocent, more nocent none I finde. 1680 H. More Apocalypsis Apocalypseos 185 The usual Traffick in the Church of Rome..now ceaseth, sith she herself ceaseth. 1717 E. Fenton Poems 175 Pardie, qd. she, syth theres nat room, Swete Nykin! chafe hem in myne woom. 1718 T. Gifford Let. 15 May in Old-lore Misc. (1912) 5 159 A manifest calumnie sith I never told him any such thing in my life. 1789 European Mag. & London Rev. Apr. 332/1 What [availeth] thy sparkling eyn of peerless sheen, Sith lovers are forbidden from thy seat! a1801 R. Gall Poems & Songs (1819) 62 But sure, sith nane a meith doth kna, O' fremit bluid she be. 1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision I. ii. 5 It seems..well deserv'd; Sith he of Rome..In heaven's empyreal height was chosen sire. 1861 D. G. Rossetti tr. Dante Vita Nuova in Early Ital. Poets ii. 233 Weep, Lovers, sith Love's very self doth weep, And sith the cause for weeping is so great. 1872 J. S. Blackie Lays of Highlands 43 Sith I am the man I am. 1912 E. Pound tr. G. Cavalcanti Sonnets & Ballate 75 Sith need have bound my heart in bonds of grief, Sith I turn flame in pleasure's saffron fire. a1978 ‘H. MacDiarmid’ Compl. Poems (1994) II. 1277 Nay, sith, kindred-wise, that knowledge they lack, Beautiful as the unconscious beauties of those. †b. Followed by that. Obsolete. [Occasionally (as in quot. 1678) in cliticized form sithat.] ΚΠ 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 100 Zeþþe þet he ys uader, he is diȝtere and gouernour and porueyour to his mayne. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 101 Siþþe þat ȝe telleþ [etc.]. a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) l. 8452 Sith that ye haue him forlore, Ye shal haue a richer husbond. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) vi. 140 Sith that he is not deed, it oughte to suffyse you. 1563 T. Sackville in W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) Buckingham sig. X.ii And in her wealth, sith that such chaunge is wrought, Hope not to much. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. v. sig. E5^v Sith that heauens king From hope of heauen hath thee excluded quight, Why fearest thou? 1651 H. More Second Lash of Alazanomastix in Enthusiasmus Triumphatus (1656) 228 Sith that the Extent of heaven is not acknowledged any higher then the clouds. 1678 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. IV iv. iii. 2 And indeed no wonder, sithat corrupt Nature..has..been ever aspiring after an Equality to the Deitie. 1814 W. Tennant Anster Fair (ed. 2) v. xiii. 163 Sith that death her parents both had ta'en. a1882 D. G. Rossetti tr. H. von Auë Henry the Leper in Coll. Wks. (1886) II. 425 From his ill he might not be freed, Sith that no woman he might win Of her own will to act herein. †C. prep. 1. a. With reference to a discrete or discontinuous action or situation: at some or any time between a specified time, event, etc., and now (or the time being considered). Cf. since prep. 2. Obsolete. ΚΠ c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) (1963) l. 2073 Soch nas neuere..suþþe þe ilke time þat Brutus com her liþe. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2066 (MED) Sire, i seiȝ hire nouȝt seþ hieȝ midniȝt. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) l. 21803 A place Wych, syth tyme that I was born, I hadde neuere seyn to-forn. 1495 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1495 §32. m. 19 Your lettres patentes made sith the same .iiij.^th daie. 1512 R. Copland tr. Knyght of Swanne xi. sig. C.v It is of trouthe notoryly y^t syth my retournynge it is shewed to me..y^t my wyfe..durynge my vyage hath be delyuered of .vii. lytell whelpes. 1535 T. Starkey Let. 15 Feb. in Eng. in Reign Henry VIII (1878) i. p. xiii Syth our fyrst acquyntance..many letturys ther hath byn at sundry tymys betwyx vs wryten. c1600 (?c1395) Pierce Ploughman's Crede (Trin. Cambr. R.3.15) (1873) l. 158 Swich a bild bold..Say i nouȝt in certeine siþþe a longe tyme. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) ii. i. 106 I come to tell you things sith then befalne. View more context for this quotation 1640 Wits Recreations sig. H5^v Art Fortune lost, and Ignorance did finde her: Sith when, dull Ignorance with Fortune's store, Hath bin enrich'd. b. sith late: (as an adverbial phrase) lately, recently. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > recency > [adverb] neweneOE newlyeOE unyoreeOE noweOE newOE lateOE yesterdaya1300 freshlya1387 of newa1393 anewa1425 newlingsa1425 latewardc1434 the other dayc1450 lately?c1475 erst1480 latewards1484 sith late1484 alatea1500 recently1509 even now1511 late-whiles1561 late ygo1579 formerly1590 just now1591 lastly1592 just1605 low1610 this moment1696 latewardly1721 shortsyne1768 sometime1779 latterly1821 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xlvii. 69 How syth late a hooly man dyd preche therof. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope v. v. f. lxxx^v Of thy thowsand wyles that syth late thow coudest doo, lete me now see..one of them. 2. With reference to a continuous action or situation: ever since or from a specified time, event, etc., until now (or the time being considered). Cf. since prep. 1. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) v. 18 That þe writ[s]..habben þe terme suþþe þe furste passage of þe king Henri, þe kinges fader þat nou is, into Garscoine. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 161 To þat tyme þe archebisshoppis were of Rome, and seþþe þat tyme þe archebisshoppes were of Engelond. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xx. l. 186 Sith whanne was þe way ouer men [read mennes] hedes? 1442 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1442 §27. m. 5 Seth which tyme..the seide statute hath nat at all tymes be putte in due execucion. 1460 J. Brackley in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 221 In dayly experiens sithe bifore the parlement of Bury. a1500 ( Pilgrimage of Soul (Egerton) (1953) i. ii. f. 4 (MED) He..alwey enforced him selffe to do that was to thi pleasyng, sithe tyme þat thu first took the charge of his gouernaunce. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 763/1 I have doone naught sythe syxe of the clocke in the mornyng but trotte aboute from place to place. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxlviij His Feuer tercian, of the whiche he had languished sore, sithe his voyage royall into Fraunce. 1614 Life & Death Hector ii. 211 Sith the time that this our warre began..It hath vs cost the life of many a man. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > as lemmas since..since (or sith) †b. since..since (or sith): Now..then. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 841/2 Synce on the one syde, synce on the other, puis dung cousté, puis de laultre. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 884/1 Syns on the one syde and sythe on the other. extracted from sinceadv.adj.prep.conj.n. < adv.conj.prep.OE as lemmas
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sithadv.conj.prep.

> as lemmas