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单词 sliver
释义

slivern.1

Brit. /ˈslɪvə/, /ˈslʌɪvə/, U.S. /ˈslɪvər/, /ˈslaɪvər/
Forms: Middle English slivere, sleyvere, 1500s sleuer, slyuer, 1500s–1700s sliuer, 1500s– sliver (1800s dialect slivver).
Etymology: < slive v.1
1.
a. A piece cut or split off; a long thin piece or slip; a splinter, shiver, slice. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > condition of being long in relation to breadth > [noun] > long narrow piece > cut or split off
spoonc725
spillc1300
sliverc1374
splinter1398
sprotea1400
speelc1440
spelkc1440
splinderc1440
spilderc1475
spalea1500
spelcha1605
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > a small quantity or amount > a very small amount
shredc1000
farthingsworthc1325
pennyworthc1330
incha1350
sliverc1374
chipa1393
gnastc1440
Jack1530
spoonful1531
crumba1535
spark1548
slight1549
pin's worth1562
scruple1574
thought1581
pinch1583
scrap1583
splinter1609
ticket1634
notchet1637
indivisible1644
tinyc1650
twopence1691
turn of the scale(s)1706
enough to swear by1756
touch1786
scrimptiona1825
infinitesimal1840
smidgen1841
snuff1842
fluxion1846
smitchel1856
eyelash1860
smidge1866
tenpenceworth1896
whisker1913
tidge1986
the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a piece or bit > narrow piece
sliverc1374
lista1398
labelc1425
reeve1726
stripe1785
slip1825
finger1839
striplet1839
slither1919
c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 1013 Allas, that he, al hool, or of him slivere, Shuld have his refut in so digne a place.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xvi. 42 Ther spers brake to ther handes, so that ye sleuers flew a hye in ye ayer.
1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 308 Which marreth their beakes, so as it is enforced to fall away in sliuers and peeces.
1641 J. Milton Of Reformation 44 What they can bring us now..that can cut Tacitus into slivers and steaks, we shall presently hear.
1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 45 A small sliver of Iron.
1715 tr. G. Panciroli Hist. Memorable Things Lost I. iv. vii. 168 They were wont to cut them [tortoise shells] into certain Slivers, and to cover their Tables or Beds with them.
1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery xiii. 129 When it is cold, it will cut in Sl [i] vers as Dutch beef.
1811 W. Scott in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Sir W. Scott (1839) III. 353 A sliver of the wood run a third of an inch between my nail and flesh.
1874 Mrs. Jay Holden with Cords 454 A delicate and difficult surgical operation, to remove pus, sliver of bone, or other foreign matter.
1967 T. Kinsella Nightwalker i. 5 Bone-splinters, silvery slivers of screams.
1978 J. Carroll Mortal Friends iii. vi. 327 People on buses and on the streets of Boston traded slivers of information as if they were coins.
b. Applied to parts of trees or plants.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > [noun] > piece or sliver
sliver1604
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > propagation of plants > [noun] > by cuttings > cutting or slip
planteOE
plantingeOE
quickwoodc1383
graffa1393
sarmenta1398
slivingc1400
springc1400
clavec1420
sleavingc1440
talionc1440
quick1456
quicking1469
graft1483
quickset1484
slip1495
setlingc1503
set1513
pitchset1519
slaving?1523
truncheon1572
stallon1587
crosset1600
marquot1600
sliver1604
secta1616
offset1629
slipping1638
side-slip1651
slift1657
cutting1691
pitcher1707
mallet-shoot1745
root cutting1784
stowing1788
stool1789
pitch1808
heel1822
cutling1834
piping1851
cutback1897
stump plant1953
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. vii. 145 An enuious sliuer broke, When downe her weedy trophies and her selfe Fell in the weeping Brooke.
1656 tr. J. A. Comenius Latinæ Linguæ Janua Reserata: Gate Lat. Tongue Unlocked xii. §89 Onyon, Garlick, and Leek, and these bulbous herbs have slivers instead of leavs.
1861 J. C. H. Fane & Ld. Lytton Tannhäuser 81 A maze of shrubs, Whose emerald slivers fringed the rugged way.
c. U.S. The side of a small fish sliced off in one piece for use as bait.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > bait > fish used as bait
minnow1615
shrimp1856
squida1862
sliver1869
fion1875
snade1901
1869 Maine Acts & Resolves 24 Any pumice, scraps or other offal arising from the making of oil or slivers for bait.
1879 G. B. Goode Hist. Menhaden in Rep. Commissioner 1877 (U.S. Comm. Fish & Fisheries) V. App. A. 201 The slivers (pronounced slyvers) are salted and packed in barrels.
2. A continuous ribbon or band of loose, untwisted, parallelized fibres of wool, cotton, flax, or other textile material, ready for drawing, roving, or slubbing.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > treated or processed textiles > [noun] > ribbon or band of loose fibres
sliver1703
card end1832
ribbon1842
1703 Overseers' Accts. Wakes Colne (Essex) (Essex Rec. Office: D/P/88/12/1) Paid for woollen sliuers to wrap him in, £0. 0. 8.
1738 L. Paul Brit. Patent 562 2 A strict regard must be had to make the slivers of an equal thickness from end to end.
1805 J. Luccock Nature & Prop. Wool 225 It produces..a sliver more compact than the old wools of either the Leicester or the Lincoln district.
1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire II. iii. iv. 64 After passing through the second pair of rollers, the reduced sliver is attached to a spindle and fly.
1894 Times 12 Mar. 13/5 The ordinary tow sliver..is fed into the machine.
attributive.1864 Catal. Mill Furnishings (Riddel & Co.) Sliver Cans.1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2213/2 Sliver-box.1891 R. Marsden Cotton Spinning (ed. 4) 129 The sliver cans being taken and placed at the back.
3. In various technical uses: (see quots.).
ΚΠ
a.
1842 Archaeologia 29 271 (note) The little wooden instruments called slivers used in yarn spinning in the West of England.
b.1846 A. Young Naut. Dict. 287 Sliver, in shipbuilding, any thin piece of wood used as a filling.1886 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 820 Wedges..called slivers or slices, by which means the ship's weight is brought upon the ‘launch’ or cradle.c.1849 G. C. Greenwell Gloss. Terms Coal Trade Northumberland & Durham 48 Sliver, a thin lath, placed within two grooves, cut lengthways for the purpose, in the edges of two planks intended to be joined together, for the purpose of making the joint airtight.1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining 227 Slivers, strips of wood or iron fitted in between the edges of boards in wooden bratticing, to make the joints air-tight.
4. A slashing cut or stroke.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > cutting > [noun] > a cut or incision
garse?c1225
chinea1387
slit1398
incisionc1400
slivingc1400
raising?a1425
scotchc1450
racec1500
tranchec1500
kerf?1523
hack1555
slash1580
hew1596
raze1596
incutting1598
slisha1616
scar1653
lancementa1655
slap1688
slip1688
nick1692
streak1725
sneck1768
snick1775
rut1785
sliver1806
overcut1874
the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific thing > [noun] > blow struck with an object or instrument > with something pliant
lashc1330
lashingc1400
jerking1552
jerk1555
whipping1577
slive1589
whissc1590
scutch1611
scutching1611
switchinga1640
cut1787
sliver1806
switch1809
welt1863
score1882
1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. iii. 61 Becoming so tired of your own timidity in paring the paper too little, as to spoil all by one rash sliver.
1897 L. J. Trotter Life J. Nicholson xx. 249 Nicholson..clove him..literally in two. ‘Not a bad sliver that!’ he remarked.

Compounds

sliver-edge n. a very fine edge on a piece of timber.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood in specific form > [noun] > board or plank > edge of
sliver-edge1874
1874 S. J. P. Thearle Naval Archit. (new ed.) I. 57 An efficient caulk not being obtainable when the deck plank snapes off to a ‘sliver edge’.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

slivern.2

Brit. /ˈslɪvə/, /ˈslʌɪvə/, U.S. /ˈslɪvər/, /ˈslaɪvər/
Etymology: < slive v.2
Now dialect.
1. plural. (Meaning doubtful.) Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1572 in J. Raine Wills & Inventories N. Counties Eng. (1835) I. 373 A pair of Buffins with the slyuers to the same, one doblat of white bombasyne.
2. dialect. (See quots.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > that covers or protects other clothing > overall > types of
sliver1847
crawler1891
paddlers1928
dungarees1930
1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II Sliver,..a short slop worn by bankers or navigators. Linc[oln].
1866 J. E. Brogden Provinc. Words Lincs. Sliver, a workman's linen jacket, a short blowse.
1908 E. Fowler Between Trent & Ancholme 54 A sliver was an over-all, an' they was made o' Drabette an' Cantoon.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

sliverv.

Brit. /ˈslɪvə/, /ˈslʌɪvə/, U.S. /ˈslɪvər/, /ˈslaɪvər/
Forms: Also 1600s sliuer.
Etymology: < sliver n.1
1.
a. transitive. To separate or remove as a sliver; to cut, split, or tear into slivers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > break [verb (transitive)] > crack, split, or fissure
to-slita1250
rivea1400
slatterc1400
chapc1460
chip1508
gaig1584
spleet1585
split1595
chink1599
chawn1602
slent1605
slat1607
sliver1608
speld1616
crevice1624
checka1642
chicka1642
crack1664
splice1664
sleave-
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or detachment > detach [verb (transitive)] > break off > in slivers or chips
chip?c1400
sliver1608
flake1661
spall1841
splinter1871
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > divide by cutting [verb (transitive)] > cut into pieces > into strips or shreds
shredc1386
sliver1608
strip1885
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xvi. 34 She that her selfe will sliuer and disbranch From her materiall sap, perforce must wither. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iv. i. 28 Slippes of Yew, Sliuer'd in the Moones Ecclipse. View more context for this quotation
1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iv. xxv. 282 They sang aloud, good Lord de-liver us, And suffer not this Don to sliver us.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) To Sliver, to cut into Slivers, or thin Slices.
1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 882 People delight to sliver lettuces into bowls.
1845 S. Judd Margaret i. iii. 12 The floor of the room was warped in every direction, slivered and gaping at the joints.
1885 J. Runciman Skippers & Shellbacks 213 Down with the other ten or I'll sliver you.
b. intransitive. To split, or split off.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or detachment > become detached [verb (intransitive)] > break off > split off
chinec1300
to flaw off1665
spall1853
sliver1880
1880 Scribner's Monthly May 79/1 The planks being cut across the grain to prevent slivering.
1896 R. Kipling Seven Seas 64 The splinter slivered free.
2. transitive. To convert (textile fibres) into slivers (see sliver n.1 2).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > treating or processing textile materials > [verb (transitive)] > other
dizen1530
dize1673
scutch1733
sliver1796
batch1880
woollenize1890
1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 543 Machinery to sliver, rove, and spin flax and hemp into thread.
1805 Ann. Reg. 848 Improvements in slivering and preparing hemp, flax [etc.].

Derivatives

ˈslivering n. also attributive, as slivering-knife, slivering-machine.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > division by cutting > [noun] > cutting into strips or slivers
randing1725
slivering1875
stripping1885
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2214/1 Slivering-machine (Wood-working), a machine for cutting splints, slivers, or shreds of wood for various purposes.
1879 G. B. Goode Hist. Menhaden in Rep. Commissioner 1877 (U.S. Comm. Fish & Fisheries) V. App. A. 147 The operation of slivering is shown.
1879 G. B. Goode Hist. Menhaden in Rep. Commissioner 1877 (U.S. Comm. Fish & Fisheries) V. App. A. 201 The knife used is of peculiar shape, and is called a ‘slivering knife’.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1c1374n.21572v.1608
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