请输入您要查询的英文单词:

 

单词 sluggish
释义

sluggishadj.

Brit. /ˈslʌɡɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈsləɡɪʃ/
Forms: Middle English slugis(sh, slugys(s)h, sluggyssh, sluggus(s(h, sluggisshe, 1500s sluggysshe, sluggysh(e, sluggysch, sluggische (Middle English sluggesch, 1500s sluggessh), 1500s– sluggish; 1500s slogish, slo(u)ggysshe, slouggish, 1600s slougish.
Etymology: < slug n.1 or slug v.1 + -ish suffix1.
1.
a. Of persons: Indisposed to action or exertion; inclined to be slow or slothful; not easily moved to activity.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > [adjective] > sluggish or heavy
slowOE
sluggy?c1225
dull1393
slowfulc1400
sluggedc1430
sluggingc1430
slugc1440
sluggishc1450
lithera1500
peakish1519
lumpish1528
sopit1528
loiterous1566
slugring1566
drowsy1570
slow-bellied1576
snailish1581
blate1597
druggly1611
jacent1611
clammy1622
loggish1642
ignave1657
sliving1661
druggle-headed1694
slow-coachish1844
loggy1847
logy1859
tardigradous1866
tardigrade1883
the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [adjective] > specifically of persons
slowc1300
sluggishc1450
tardious?1572
dreich1606
slowback1610
reluctant1797
tardigrade1813
the world > movement > rate of motion > slowness > [adjective] > tardy or sluggish > specifically of persons or animals
slowc1300
sloth1412
sluggingc1430
sluggishc1450
sleuth1567
slowback1610
dilatorya1616
tardigradous1652
reluctant1797
c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 20 Fro thens furth, he was neuer slugissh to rise & go vnto Goddis serves.
1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. vii. 18 Ne be he not slouthful, sluggyssh, ne slepy.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Prov. vi. A How longe wilt thou slepe, thou slogish man?
1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 1146 They were sluggish and sought not that which was for the edification of the people.
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 429 The Turke, and the Irish-man, are the least industrious, and most sluggish liuers vnder the Sunne.
1678 N. Wanley Wonders Little World v. i. §90. 467/2 He was sluggish and careless.
1780 S. Johnson Let. 8 Apr. (1992) III. 233 I am indeed but a sluggish Correspondent.
1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. Pref. p. vii The scholars of Scotland remained sluggish, and silent.
1872 W. Bagehot Physics & Polit. (1876) 37 A sluggish Englishman will often catch the American look in a few years.
absolute.1614–25 J. Boys Wks. (1629) 487 Cupid shoots in a slugge, and hits none but the sluggish.
b. Of animals; also spec. (see quot. 1884).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by locomotion > [adjective] > sedentary
sluggish1836
sedentary1851
sessile1860
1827 D. Johnson Sketches Indian Field Sports (ed. 2) 214 There is one kind of snake in India of a sluggish nature.]
1836 A. Combe Physiol. Digestion i. ii. 25 Compared with the torpid and sluggish reptile, the active..quadruped requires.. a much larger quantity of nutriment.
1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 241/1 The sluggish puff-adder (Clotho arietans) is common and very dangerous.
2. Of the mind, disposition, etc.: Characterized by or exhibiting lack of vigour, alertness, or energy; slow in apprehension or decision; dull.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective]
sloweOE
stuntc960
dullOE
hardOE
stuntlyc1000
sotc1050
dillc1175
dulta1225
simplea1325
heavy1340
astonedc1374
sheepishc1380
dull-witteda1387
lourd1390
steerishc1411
ass-likea1425
brainless?a1439
deafc1440
sluggishc1450
short-witted1477
obtuse1509
peakish1519
wearish1519
deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520
doileda1522
gross1526
headlessa1530
stulty1532
ass-headed1533
pot-headed1533
stupid?1541
sheep's head1542
doltish1543
dumpish1545
assish1548
blockish1548
slow-witted1548
blockheaded1549
surd1551
dull-headed1552
hammer-headed1552
skit-brained?1553
buzzardly1561
witless1562
log-headeda1566
assy1566
sottish1566
dastardly1567
stupidious1567
beetle-headed1570
calvish1570
bluntish1578
cod's-headed1578
grout-headed1578
bedaft1579
dull-pated1580
blate1581
buzzard-like1581
long-eared1582
dullard1583
woodena1586
duncical1588
leaden-headed1589
buzzard1592
dorbellical1592
dunstical1592
heavy-headeda1593
shallow-brained1592
blunt-witted1594
mossy1597
Bœotian1598
clay-brained1598
fat1598
fat-witted1598
knotty-pated1598
stupidous1598
wit-lost1599
barren1600
duncifiedc1600
lourdish1600
stockish1600
thick1600
booby1603
leaden-pated1603
partless1603
thin-headed1603
leaden-skulledc1604
blockhead1606
frost-brained1606
ram-headed1608
beef-witted1609
insulse1609
leaden-spirited1609
asininec1610
clumse1611
blockheadly1612
wattle-headed1613
flata1616
logger-headeda1616
puppy-headeda1616
shallow-patedc1616
thick-brained1619
half-headed1621
buzzard-blinda1625
beef-brained1628
toom-headed1629
thick-witted1634
woollen-witted1635
squirrel-headed1637
clod-pated1639
lean-souled1639
muddy-headed1642
leaden-witteda1645
as sad as any mallet1645
under-headed1646
fat-headed1647
half-witted1647
insipid1651
insulsate1652
soft-headed1653
thick-skulleda1657
muddish1658
non-intelligent1659
whey-brained1660
sap-headed1665
timber-headed1666
leather-headeda1668
out of (one's) tree1669
boobily1673
thoughtless1673
lourdly1674
logger1675
unintelligenta1676
Bœotic1678
chicken-brained1678
under-witted1683
loggerhead1684
dunderheaded1692
unintelligible1694
buffle-headed1697
crassicc1700
numbskulled1707
crassous1708
doddy-polled1708
haggis-headed1715
niddy-noddy1722
muzzy1723
pudding-headed1726
sumphish1728
pitcher-souleda1739
duncey1743
hebete1743
chuckheaded1756
dumb1756
duncely1757
imbecile1766
mutton-headed1768
chuckle-headed1770
jobbernowl1770
dowfarta1774
boobyish1778
wittol1780
staumrel1787
opaquec1789
stoopid1791
mud-headed1793
borné1795
muzzy-headed1798
nog-headed1800
thick-headed1801
gypit1804
duncish1805
lightweight1809
numbskull1814
tup-headed1816
chuckle-pate1820
unintellectuala1821
dense1822
ninnyish1822
dunch1825
fozy1825
potato-headed1826
beef-headed1828
donkeyish1831
blockheadish1833
pinheaded1837
squirrel-minded1837
pumpkin-headed1838
tomfoolish1838
dundering1840
chicken-headed1842
like a bump on a log1842
ninny-minded1849
numbheadeda1852
nincompoopish1852
suet-brained1852
dolly1853
mullet-headed1853
sodden1853
fiddle-headed1854
numb1854
bovine1855
logy1859
crass1861
unsmart1861
off his chump1864
wooden-headed1865
stupe1866
lean-minded1867
duffing1869
cretinous1871
doddering1871
thick-head1873
doddling1874
stupido1879
boneheaded1883
woolly-headed1883
leaden-natured1889
suet-headed1890
sam-sodden1891
dopey1896
turnip-headed1898
bonehead1903
wool-witted1905
peanut-headed1906
peanut-brained1907
dilly1909
torpid-minded1909
retardate1912
nitwitted1917
meat-headed1918
mug1922
cloth-headed1925
loopy1925
nitwit1928
lame-brained1929
dead from the neck up1930
simpy1932
nail-headed1936
square-headed1936
dingbats1937
pinhead1939
dim-witted1940
pea-brained1942
clueless1943
lobotomized1943
retarded1949
pointy-headed1950
clottish1952
like a stunned mullet1953
silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954
out to lunch1955
pin-brained1958
dozy1959
eejity1964
out of one's tiny mind1965
doofus1967
twitty1967
twittish1969
twatty1975
twattish1976
blur1977
dof1979
goofus1981
dickheaded1991
dickish1991
numpty1992
cockish1996
c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi iii. iii Dedly mennes hertes waxe sluggussh [v.r. slugged].
a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 142 For sluggysch myndys lyve in cornarys & content themselfys wyth pryvate lyfe.
1560 Bp. J. Pilkington Aggeus the Prophete (1562) 88 That the mynde be not made sluggish by cromminge in meate.
1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes v. §10. 419 They..manifested thereby a luskish, sluggish disposition.
1663 S. Patrick Parable of Pilgrim (1687) 31 This will prepare you..to throw out the sluggish humour which is in all our natures.
1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 56. ⁋5 Men, whose perceptions are languid and sluggish.
1825 W. Scott Betrothed iii, in Tales Crusaders I. 38 Ill policy it is to plant such sluggish natures in our borders.
1871 L. Stephen Playground of Europe (1894) ix. 207 Sluggish imaginations require strong stimulants.
3.
a. Of conditions, etc.: Characterized by want of, or disinclination to, action or exertion.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > [adjective] > sluggish or heavy > of conditions, etc.
sloweOE
unbaina1470
sluggish1561
1561 J. Hollybush tr. H. Brunschwig Most Excellent Homish Apothecarye f. 4v A slouggish or slepery disease.
1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xi. 111 Remuif all sluggische slewth away.
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 446 This sluggish and idle husbandry.
1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. vi. 249 Ethelred, whom no adversity could awake from his soft and sluggish life.
1788 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad. 250 Either a vain confidence, or a sluggish despair.
1798 M. Edgeworth & R. L. Edgeworth Pract. Educ. I. iii. 92 It is of consequence to distinguish between slow and sluggish attention.
1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella III. ii. x. 26 A life of sluggish inaction.
1873 P. G. Hamerton Intellect. Life i. iii. 21 Each of us has a little cleverness and a great deal of sluggish stupidity.
b. [Rendering of Russian stértaya (shizofreníya), worn, hackneyed (schizophrenia).] Designating an alleged type of schizophrenia ascribed to political or religious dissidents confined in state psychiatric hospitals in the U.S.S.R. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > degree or type of mental illness > [adjective] > schizophrenia > types of schizophrenia
hebephrenic1908
sluggish1977
1977 Sci. News 10 Sept. 165 ‘Even if one should accept the diagnosis of sluggish schizophrenia in these and similar cases,’ Chodoff said, ‘one must wonder why a disease without delusions, hallucinations or agitated behavior should require injections of chloropromazine (an antischizophrenic drug) for its treatment.’
1978 Nature 4 May 6/2 Yet, when committed, Shikhanovich was diagnosed as a ‘psychopath with the possibility of the onset of sluggish schizophrenia’ (the latter ‘disease’, of course, being unknown to non-Soviet diagnosis).
1980 Prisoners of Conscience in USSR (Amnesty Internat.) (ed. 2) 184 Schizophrenia, often in its ‘sluggish’ form, has been the diagnosis most commonly made of dissenters.
4.
a. Of things: Not readily stirring or moving; slow to stir, act, or make progress in any way.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [adjective]
lateeOE
slackc1000
slowc1225
heavya1400
lent14..
slowfulc1400
sloth1412
latesomea1425
sluggedc1430
sluggingc1430
tardy1483
lingeringa1547
tarde1547
sleuth1567
snailish1581
slow-moving1592
lagging1597
snail-paced1597
snail-slow1600
slow-pacing1616
snail-like1639
sluggish1640
ignave1657
languishing1693
slow-stepping1793
lentitudinous1801
somnolent1812
slow-coachish1844
tardigradous1866
vermigrade1938
slow-cooking1968
the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > [adjective] > sluggish or heavy > of things
sullen1597
sluggish1640
sulky1889
1640 Bp. J. Wilkins Disc. New Planet (1707) ix. 250 Matter is of it self a dull and sluggish thing.
1692 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. vi. 33 This poor Atom, sluggish and unactive as it is, doth involve Necessity of Existence.
1763 C. Churchill Ghost iv. 173 The sluggish Oars suspended hung.
1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 420 A very sluggish species of land is formed.
1827 G. Canning Poet. Wks. 3 Pale ivy throws its sluggish arms around.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 406 Bacon had sown the good seed in a sluggish soil and an ungenial season.
1897 Daily News 1 Apr. 2/6 Yarns are sluggish, and..the tendency in some directions favours buyers.
b. Medicine. Of the pulse, liver, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > [adjective] > specific
sluggish1843
the world > life > the body > vascular system > circulation > pulsation > [adjective] > types of pulsation
slowa1398
stronga1398
throbbinga1450
systematical1658
long1671
natant1707
undose1707
vermiculose1707
exalted1742
salienta1791
inciduous1822
fluttering1834
sharp1843
sluggish1843
tricrotic1876
tricrotous1877
bounding1879
short1898
quadrigeminal1906
plateau1923
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > intestines > [adjective] > motion of > sluggish
sluggish1843
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > specific glands > [adjective] > liver > slow or inactive
sluggish1897
1843 R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. ix. 100 Sluggish and dilated, or else extremely contracted pupils.
1845 G. Budd On Dis. Liver 172 Pulse..sluggish, exceedingly compressible.
1845 G. Budd On Dis. Liver 317 The bowels are sluggish.
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 25 A symptom of ‘sluggish liver’.
c. Medicine. Slow in responding to treatment.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > slow to respond to treatment
sluggish1899
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > [adjective] > slow in responding to treatment
sluggish1899
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 519 An effect similar to that of nitrate of silver in sluggish ulcers.
5.
a. Moving, flowing, etc., very slowly or tardily; slow in movement.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > rate of motion > slowness > [adjective] > moving slowly
slowa1398
slow-movingc1450
slow-bellied1554
lazya1568
slow-footed1587
slow-paced1594
leaden-footed1596
snaily1596
snail-paced1597
dragglinga1599
leaden-heeled1598
ambling1600
slow-foot1607
sluggisha1616
slow-pacing1616
tortoise-paced1623
slow-going1634
leaden-stepping1645
tardigradous1652
tardigrade1656
snail-crawleda1658
dawdling1773
loitering1791–2
slow-stepping1793
creepy1794
lugging1816
tortoise-footed1818
crawling1820
creepy-crawly1858
slowing1877
lead-foot1896
soodling1951
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. ii. 206 To shew what Coast thy sluggish c[r]are Might'st easilest harbour in. View more context for this quotation
1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 33 These Glass Drops..being exceedingly hot, and thereby of a kind of sluggish fluid Consistence.
1791 W. Gilpin Remarks Forest Scenery II. 147 The river dwindles into a sluggish, little, bull-rush stream.
1812 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Cantos I & II ii. xx. 71 To waste on sluggish hulks the sweetest breeze.
1842 J. Bischoff Comprehensive Hist. Woollen Manuf. II. 166 Germany being a flat country, and the rivers..sluggish.
1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 192 A hot mud which rolls down the hill in a sluggish stream.
figurative.1891 19th Cent. Dec. 858 The currents of public life..are sluggish and slow in Germany.
b. Of motion, etc.: Very slow or tardy.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > rate of motion > slowness > [adjective] > tardy or sluggish
lateeOE
latredec897
latelyOE
slowfulc1400
latesomea1425
languoring?c1425
sluggedc1430
tardy1483
tediousc1485
hooly1513
longsome1543
lingeringa1547
tarde1547
slow-worm1548
tardious?1572
lagging1597
snail-slow1600
snail-paced1601
snail-like1639
languid1646
dilatory1648
sluggish1648
languishing1693
laggard1702
lentitudinous1801
laggardly1826
lag-last1862
slowpoke1872
1648 Bp. J. Wilkins Math. Magick i. xx. 141 That orb being the lowest of all, and consequently of a dull and sluggish motion.
1796 F. Burney Camilla V. ix. i. 2 His wry looks and sluggish pace always proclaimed his ill will to the task.
1826 G. Samouelle Gen. Direct. collecting Exotic Insects & Crustacea 38 The former have a sluggish flight.
1835 J. Duncan Nat. Hist. Beetles (Naturalist's Libr.: Entomol. II) 252 Its motions are so sluggish, that it may be said to drag itself along rather than walk.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 379 Their velocity is..contrasted with the sluggish pace of the continental posts.

Compounds

sluggish-minded, sluggish-moving adjs.
ΚΠ
1851 A. Helps Compan. Solitude iii. 36 The most sluggish-minded man craves amusement.
1899 S. R. Crockett Black Douglas 68 The broad sluggish-moving river.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
adj.c1450
随便看

 

英语词典包含1132095条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2024/12/24 9:55:15