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单词 solvolysis
释义

solvolysisn.

/sɒlˈvɒlɪsɪs/
Forms: Plural solvolyses /sɒlˈvɒlɪsiːz/.
Etymology: < German solvolyse (P. Walden 1910, in Sammlung chem. u. chem.-techn. Vorträge XV. x. 447), < solvens solvent n.: see -lysis comb. form.
Chemistry.
The decomposition or dissociation of a solute brought about by the action of the solvent.
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solvolysis1916
1916 Chem. Abstr. 10 2349 Most probably other indifferent, i.e., non-ionizing solvents are also capable of dissociating salts into base and acid. This general property of solvents, which is independent of electrolytic dissociation, is designated ‘solvolysis’ or solvolytic dissociation.
1922 Jrnl. Physical Chem. 26 567 The solvolyses were performed simultaneously in porcelain crucibles in an oven at 225°–230°.
1940 L. P. Hammett Physical Org. Chem. vi. 171 The product of the solvolysis is not completely racemized.
1972 R. A. Jackson Mechanism iv. 56 Solvolysis of the diester 63 has been postulated to involve the intermediate carbonium ion 64.

Derivatives

solvoˈlytic adj. relating to or of the nature of solvolysis.
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the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > solvents and solutes > [adjective] > solvolysis
solvolytic1916
1916 Chem. Abstr. 10 2349 Most probably other indifferent, i.e., non-ionizing solvents are also capable of dissociating salts into base and acid. This general property of solvents, which is independent of electrolytic dissociation, is designated ‘solvolysis’ or solvolytic dissociation.
1931 Chem. Rev. 8 199 Goldschmidt and Mathiesen..report the solvolytic constants for a variety of bases in ethyl and methyl alcohols.
1965 C. S. G. Phillips & R. J. P. Williams Inorg. Chem. I. xv. 556 Solvolytic reactions are often of synthetic value, but they also severely limit the range of reactions which may be conducted in a particular solvent.
1975 Nature 21 Aug. 681/1 Overberger and Podsiadly have demonstrated the importance of polymeric chain aggregation on the rate of solvolytic reaction.
solvoˈlytically adv.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > solvents and solutes > [adverb]
solvolytically1974
1974 G. B. Gill & M. R. Willis Pericyclic Reactions vi. 148 With a monohalogeno carbene a mixture of endo- and exo-halogenobicycloalkanes is formed, only one of which will usually be solvolytically reactive.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
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