1859 K. Cornwallis Panorama New World I. 332 A large Stock of Solar Hats, suitable for Port Curtis.

1859 J. Lang Wanderings in India 183 He was dressed in a pair of large jack-boots, corduroy breeches, a shooting-coat, and a solar helmet.

1879 Mrs. A. G. F. E. James Indian Househ. Managem. 20 One solar topee pith hat.

1754 E. Young Centaur in Wks. (1762) IV. 260 They only have solar or self-born light who live up to the dignity of their nature.

1834 M. Somerville On Connexion Physical Sci. xxxvi. 402 Solid bodies of a solar nature.

1848 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 3) 87 I saw,..Blazing aghast in solar solitude, A panting shadow.

1861 J. Brown Horæ Subs. 2nd Ser. 62 He was in this respect a solar man: he drew after him his own firmament of planets.

1776 J. Richardson Gram. Arabick Lang. iii. 8 The dentals and linguals are called solar letters.

1855 N. Davis & B. Davidson Arabic Reading Less. p. xxxii The influence the solar letters exercise upon the article.

1905 Notes & Queries 30 Dec. 534/1 One of the fourteen solar letters.

1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 281 Each unbeknown to the other was making life size solars for the American Institute Fair.

1853 M. J. McIntosh Lofty & Lowly i. 9 The astral lamp—solars were not yet invented—..throws its rays on cases filled with richly gilded volumes.

1976 H. R. F. Keating Filmi, Filmi iii. 29 We are using a great number of different lights for different purposes in filming, Five-Ks, Two-Ks, Sunspots, Solars, Babies.

1976 National Observer (U.S.) 17 July 9/2 What one is trying to do is go out and demonstrate for the building industry that solar is here for heating buildings.

1978 Tucson (Arizona) Mag. Dec. 77 Passage of the solar tax credits by Congress will result in the rapid growth of solar in Southern Arizona.

1950 Heating & Ventilating Engineer XXIV. 148/1 The practicability of employing solar-heated air as a source of heat in removing moisture from a dehumidifying agent.

1956 World Symp. Appl. Solar Energy 107/2 The first solar-heated house was built in 1939 at M.I.T. as part of the Godfrey L. Cabot Solar Energy Conversion Research Project.

1977 National Observer (U.S.) 8 Jan. 8/4 When solar heating a house, the calculations become more complex.

1977 Time 24 Jan. 19/1 Carter and Mondale will watch the parade in front of the White House from a 60-ft. solar-heated reviewing stand.

1952 E. Ayres & C. A. Scarlott Energy Sources xv. 208 Houses can be solar-heated completely without fuel when the mean atmospheric transmissivity is above 55 percent.

1903 C. H. Pope Solar Heat i. 43 Another patent for solar-heating devices was obtained..from the British Government.

1951 Archit. Rev. 109 291/1 A limited supply of hot water is provided by solar heating systems on the roof of each ward block.

1958 Times Rev. Industry Feb. 94/1 The chief advantage claimed for solar heating, compared with other methods, is that the region of high temperature is localized, and contamination of material, while in the molten state, can thus be avoided.

1968 R. A. Lyttleton Myst. Solar Syst. v. 175 No serious effects of solar heating could be expected at such a distance from the sun, though some intense local heating on [sic] the particles through collisions could occur.

1977 E. Trevor Theta Syndrome iii. 43 David Pryor, a solar heating engineer.

1959 Time 26 Oct. 58/2 The satellite is shaped like a gyroscope... It squeals like a bagpipe as it signals from two transmitters—one powered by a chemical battery, the other solar-powered.

1978 Illustr. London News Nov. 19/2 The Administration succeeded in gaining agreement for..conservation measures, including tax relief for householders insulating their homes or for installing solar-powered systems.

1875 Encycl. Brit. II. 819 Whose various determinations of the solar apex are shown in fig. 52.

1954 N.Y. Times 26 Apr. 1/2 A solar battery, the first of its kind, which converts useful amounts of the sun's radiation directly and efficiently into electricity, has been constructed.

1962 J. H. Simpson & R. S. Richards Physical Princ. Junction Transistors iv. 73 Most of the radiation from the sun is in the region of 1·0eV and above so that ‘solar batteries’ can be made from germanium or silicon. The efficiency of the process is greater when silicon is used and commercial solar batteries (sometimes called ‘solar cells’) are at present made from this material.

1978 W. Palz Solar Electr. iii. 179 The direct conversion of sunlight into electric power is achieved by means of solar batteries, made up of solar cells.

1955 G. L. Pearson in Bell Lab. Rec. July 241/1 The Bell Solar Battery consists of a number of individual silicon solar cells.

1967 New Scientist 25 May 463/2 The Mariner IV solar cell surface..provided power for the first close photographs of the planet Mars.

1980 Solar Energy XXIV. facing p. 1 (caption) The world's largest solar cell electric power generation station... The 60kW system consists of nearly 98,000 individual silicon solar cells.

1955 Trans. Conf. Use of Solar Energy (Tucson, Arizona) II. i. vi. 75 For optimum performance a solar collector should face true south (north in the southern hemisphere).

1976 Toronto Star 24 Jan. e1/4 A well-insulated detached house requires about 35,000 kilowatt hours of energy per year to heat it. A solar collector of the size on the Mississauga house would be able to supply about half of the heat needed.

1980 Solar Energy XXV. facing p. 1 (caption) Giant parabolic dish solar collectors..have produced efficiencies of 71 per cent at 750°F operating temperature.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Argyrocomus, a Silver-coloured Comet differing very little from the Solar Comet, except that it is of a brighter Silver colour.

1833 T. Brown White's Selborne 227 (note) Mr. Mark Watt has invented a very..interesting instrument, which he calls the heliastron, or solar compass.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. iv. i. i. 712 We must..as Ficinus aduiseth vs, get vs solar eyes, spectacles as they that looke on the sunne.

1938 Nature 17 Sept. 500/2 It would..scarcely be permissible to deduce from the single observation of Carrington..that the three phenomena, solar flare, radio fade-out and..magnetic disturbance, were associated.

1957 Pract. Wireless 33 722/1 Solar flares are shortlived, sudden increases in the intensity of the surface brightness in the neighbourhood of sunspots.

1979 C. Kilian Icequake vii. 120 Your plane's electronics go bonkers now and then when another solar flare hits.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. s.v The Power of a Glass, is the Distance of the Convexity, from its solar Focus.

1837 C. R. Goring & A. Pritchard Micrographia 56 The solar focus of its eye-glass.

1924 M. E. Moreau U.S. Patent 1,479,923 The primary object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved solar furnace for producing an intense heat to be used for scientific purposes.

1951 Bull. Amer. Ceramic Soc. 30 163/1 A new and important instrument for high-temperature research is the recently developed solar furnace, which, by using the radiant energy of the sun, is able to produce extremely high temperatures in a small area.

1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia IX. 330/3 Because of its unique ability to heat materials for long periods without contamination, the solar furnace has become an important tool in high-temperature research.

1979 J. F. Kreider Medium & High Temp. Solar Processes vi. 232 (caption) White Sands solar furnace showing the single heliostat on the right, the concentrator on the left, and flux control shutters in the center.

1741 A. Monro Anat. Nerves 57 in Anat. Human Bones (ed. 3) This great Solar Ganglion.

1977 Whitaker's Almanack 1058/1 The window wall was designed to contain outer sheets of brown solar glass.

1978 J. McNeil Consultant iii. 55 The Waterman building soared in dark grey metal and matching tinted solar glass.

1946 Fortune Mag. Apr. 166 Solar houses will be erected in forty-eight states.

1957 Economist 28 Sept. 1027/1 The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is building a series of ‘solar houses’.

1976 Toronto Star 24 Jan. e1/2 At Provident House, another experimental solar house now being built in King Township, the storage tank contains 60,300 gallons of water.

1841 Mechanics' Mag. 16 Jan. 34 The invention of the ‘Solar Lamp’ is due to Mr. Jeremiah Bynner, of Birmingham, by whom it was patented in 1837.

1887 C. Hazard Mem. J. L. Diman iii. 54 A bright solar lamp shedding its rays around the room.

1870 G. W. Cox Mythol. Aryan Nations I. iv. 53 Of this vast mass of solar myths, some have emerged into independent legends, others have furnished the groundwork of whole epics.

1970 J. N. Bahcall & R. K. Ulrich in Astrophysical Jrnl. 160 l58 We have expressed the counting rate in solar-neutrino units: 1 SNU ≡ 10⁻³⁶ capture per target atom per second.

1976 J. Kleczek Universe ii. 78 It is usual to specify the rate of the neutrino capture reactions..in terms of so-called solar neutrino units (SNU or ‘snew’) which are such that 1 SNU corresponds to 10⁻³⁶ captures per target Cl atom per second.

1980 McGraw-Hill Yearbk. Sci. & Technol. 397/1 The low rate, if attributed to solar neutrinos, would correspond to a neutrino capture rate in the tank of 0·41 ± 0·07 per day. To compare this rate to [sic] the theory, one expresses the neutrino capture rate in solar neutrino units... The rate corresponds to 2·2 ± 0·4 SNU.

1864 Intell. Obs. IV. 91 The more volatile [portion] being set apart as photogen, and the less as solar oil.

1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. Solar Oil, a name applied in commerce chiefly to the heavier portions of petroleum and shale-oil.

1962 Listener 29 Nov. 902/1 The probe was first instructed to ‘find the Sun’—by means of sun-sensors on the bottom of the vehicle and on the ‘solar paddles’.

1968 New Scientist 2 May 230/2 An even greater increase in power can be obtained by adding solar paddles to the stabilised platform.

1964 IEEE Trans. Aerospace II. 770/1 The solar panel was set on a surface plate with a piece of frosted glass flush against the end of the panel.

1968 Times 16 Oct. 8/8 The spacecraft has large solar panels.

1974 P. Dickinson Poison Oracle i. 13 The roof offered the widest possible expanse to the solar panels that provided much of the energy for the palace's gadgetry.

1976 Pract. Householder Nov. (Heating Suppl.) 23/2 The past summer..produced astonishingly high air temperature and sunshine hours so that reservoir temperature and storage tank levels rose and solar panels heated the water quickly.

1806 W. Henry Epitome Chem. (ed. 4) i. xiii. 178 They yield a solar phosphorus, called, from its discoverer, Homberg's Phosphorus.

1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 331 The phenomena of the solar phosphori seem to militate against this idea.

1978 Sci. Amer. Apr. 149/1 The solar pillar, a commoner phenomenon, is a vertical shaft of light extending upward from the sun.

1962 Listener 29 Nov. 902/1 The solar plasma (commonly called ‘solar wind’), which consists of low-energy charged particles which continually stream outward from the Sun.

1972 A. Hewish in C. P. Sonett et al. Solar Wind vii. 477 Radio waves traversing the solar plasma are scattered by irregularities of plasma density.

?1768–9 Encycl. Brit. (1771) I. 254/2 Branches of the solar or cæliac plexus, formed by the eighth pair and intercostals.

1830 R. Knox tr. P. A. Béclard Elements Gen. Anat. 346 The union of the nervus vagus of the right side and the solar plexus.

1872 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. (1879) x. 404 The solar plexus..behind the stomach.

1961 Sci. News Let. 12 Aug. 106/2 Instead of using vast expanses of expensive mirrors, a solar pond traps heat in shallow water.

1971 Sci. Amer. June 127/1 The hot, salty water is selectively withdrawn from the solar ponds and used to drive a generator.

1979 Nature 11 Jan. 91/2 A solar pond is a water-filled pond, 1–2 m deep, with a blackened bottom for greater heat absorption and a gradually increasing salt concentration towards the base to eliminate convection, which is the main cause of heat loss.

1960 Daily Tel. 18 Aug. 16/2 (heading) Solar pools as rival to nuclear power stations.

1975 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 15 Dec. 2/8 Scientists have failed to find a way of releasing the potential energy at the bottom of solar pools where water approaches the boiling point.

1979 Sunset Apr. 132/1 (advt.) The Poolsaver Automatic Solar Pool Cover solar heats and thermal insulates. By day Poolsaver absorbs solar energy.

1979 Arizona Daily Star 5 Aug. (Advt. section) 20/2 Featuring solar pool, putting green, horse facilities & country atmosphere.

1908 Sci. Amer. 8 Feb. 97/1 (heading) A new solar power plant.]

1915 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts 63 564/1 Solar power was quite within the range of practical matters.

1956 Sci. Amer. July 97/2 Any attempt to produce solar power means collecting the energy falling on a large area.

1976 Times 26 Mar. (Energy Suppl.) p. vi/4 If an equal number of existing houses were converted, domestic solar power could then substitute for about 4 per cent of Britain's energy needs.

1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 281 The two first solar prints that were made in New York in 1853 or 1854.

1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) II. 275 The Solar Reflector..enables us to reflect the solar ray into any piece of apparatus or room, suitably situated.

1960 Aeroplane 99 693/1 Another interesting concept which has not yet really undergone feasibility determination is that of the solar sail. With this device, a space ‘ship’ may some day be able literally to sail through interplanetary space.

1978 Listener 6 July 13/3 The ‘solar sail’ makes space travel in the inner solar system very cheap.

1960 Aeroplane 99 744/1 The subject of solar-sailing.

1973 C. Sagan Cosmic Connection xxiii. 162 Solar sailing, the use of the pressure of sunlight and of the protons and electrons in the solar wind for tripping through the solar system.

1861 J. S. Muspratt Chem. II. 906/1 This Onondaga solar or coarse salt is unsurpassed..in the world.

1950 Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) X. 844/2 Some solar salt-factories produce high-quality table-salt by re-dissolving solar salt in water, purifying the resultant brine, and then evaporating it.

1972 Times 16 Oct. 19/7 Ventures ranging from solar salt to uranium.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Solar Spots. See Spots of the Sun.

1854 D. Brewster More Worlds v. 96 The solar spots, which are now universally admitted to be openings in the luminous stratum.

1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 312 A solid, glistening, and crystalline residue, known in commerce as ‘solar stearin’, which is useful in candle making.

1946 W. R. P. Delano U.S. Patent 2,413,101 (heading) Solar still with nonfogging window.

1970 Guardian 15 Jan. 11/2 At the end of 1969..the Clan McIlwraith sailed..for Mombasa, carrying a prefabricated solar still for Aldabra, a lonely coral atoll in the Indian Ocean.

1979 Solar Energy XXIII. 271/1 The basin-type pitched roof solar still is the commonest and cheapest.

a1704 J. Locke Elem. Nat. Philos. iii, in Coll. Several Pieces (1720) 186 Our Solar System consists of the Sun; and the Planets, and Comets moving about it.

1715 tr. D. Gregory Elements Astron. I. i. §65. 132 The common Center..of the Solar System.

1842 Penny Cycl. XXII. 197/1 We are now to state the relative dimensions of the Solar System in a rough manner.

1812 R. Woodhouse Elem. Treat. Astron. viii. 55 The Solar Tables give the Sun's longitude.

1819 A. Rees Cycl. VIII The remedy we have proposed for the inaccuracy of Mr. Ferguson's solar and lunar wheels.

1958 Physical Rev. 110 1448/1 The geomagnetic field can be penetrated to a considerable depth by tongues of ionized gas from the solar wind.

1969 Times 22 July (Moon Rep.) p. iii/6 Buzz is erecting the solar wind experiment now.

1977 D. Harsent Dreams of Dead 21 Unimaginable, the solar winds roared through space, putting the earth awry.

1978 J. M. Pasachoff & M. L. Kutner University Astron. viii. 227 (caption) The solar wind causes the wavy streaming of the tails of comets.