单词 | solder |
释义 | soldern.1 1. A fusible metallic alloy used for uniting metal surfaces or parts.Various kinds are distinguished by specific names, as hard, soft (see soft solder n. 1), white, copper, gold, silver, pewterer's, plumber's solder. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [noun] > solder solder1374 soldc1440 soldering1648 α. β. 1466 Mann. & Househ. Exp (Roxb.) 323 Item, for ij. li. saw [d] ere, xij. d.1492–3 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 187 For a ll. di. of sawdyr to sowdyr þe same pype, xij d.1539–40 in Devon Notes & Queries Oct. (1903) 238 Payed for xv. li. of sawdyer for the worke, v.s.1566 in E. Peacock Eng. Church Furnit. (1866) 141 An old crwet whearof was made sawder for the glass windowes.1602 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 143 To the plumber, for xx pound of pewter to be sawter,..xs.?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 70 Sawder is about eight pence or nine pence a pound.γ. 1575 G. Gascoigne Wks. (1587) 308 When cutlers..hide no crackes with soder nor deceit.1576 Act 18 Eliz. c. 15 No Goldsmith..shall..use noe Sother..more then ys necessarie.1612 S. Sturtevant Metallica ii. 35 All compounded mettles of the same kind, as Pewters, Belmettles, Sodars.1637 in Parish Bks. St. Julians, Shrewsbury I. 27 (MS.) Received for 9 lbs. of Sodder, 3s.1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall xx. 146 We caus'd a skilful Pewterer..to close it up..with Soder.1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture II. 17 b The cramps..must be fastened into the sheets with hot sodder.1750 T. R. Blanckley Naval Expositor 155 Sodder, used by the Plumber for soddering of Pipes.δ. 1428 in J. Raine Vol. Eng. Misc. N. Counties Eng. (1890) 1 Þat nane of þat crafte wirke any lede amang other metaill, bot yf yt be in souldour.1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 725 I sowder a metall with sowlder, je soulde.1574 in A. Feuillerat Documents Office of Revels Queen Elizabeth (1908) 242 For Leade and sowlder with woorkmanshipp.1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Souldure,..the knot of soulder which fastens the lead of a glasse window.1685 R. Boyle Ess. Effects of Motion viii. 99 A gaping crack, which he was fain to fill up with soulder.ε. 1724 J. Swift Prometheus (single sheet) Goldsmiths say, the coursest Stuff, Will serve for Sodder well enuff.1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 50 He..assured himself by..closing it well with solder.1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 400 Lead is used as an ingredient in various solders.1843 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. I. 432 The solders must be necessarily somewhat more fusible than the metals to be joined.1873 E. Spon Workshop Receipts 1st Ser. 364/2 The solder will run into the places which have been touched by the spirit of salt.1374 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1901) III. 581 In stangno emp. pro soudur, 6s. c1400 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 20 Et in iij dos' tyn emptis pro soudre, viii.s. viii.d. c1485 Early Eng. Misc. (Warton Club) 82 To make sowder of tynne. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. vii. 140 Thai mydlit and thai mixt this feirful souder. 1545–6 in J. R. Boyle Early Hist. Town & Port of Hedon (1895) App. p. cxxxvii To the plomer for xxx.lb of soweder. 1603 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 52 For five pounde and a half of sowder to mende the leads. 1829 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (new ed.) Sowther, solder. 2. transferred. Any binding or uniting substance. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > adhesive > [noun] gluea1382 size1530 cement1562 solder1582 cementum1617 gluten1639 binder1678 conglutinatora1728 glutin1825 cheese cement1839 agglutinant1844 adhesive1849 stickum1877 stickall1880 stick1891 binding agent1933 tackifier1942 bonding1958 agglomerator1975 1582 R. Stanyhurst in tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis 94 Theare chariots doe trauayle..By reason of the riuer knit with a frostye soder. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 699 The limestone which is the very soader and binder of all morter. 3. figurative. A quality, principle, etc., which unites in any way; a bond or means of union. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > [noun] > that which connects or bond bridgeOE chain1377 bond1382 connex1490 link1548 conjunction1570 solder1599 claspa1674 vinculum1678 tie1711 concatenation1726 umbilical cord1753 thread1818 colligation1850 γ. ε. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xiv. 618/2 Money the Cement and soldure of all such actions,..vtterly failes.a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry IV cccxviii, in Poems (1878) IV. 80 This Prodigie to Sence, when Elements (The Solder of the World) combat themselues.1743 R. Blair Grave 7 Friendship!.. Sweetner of Life! and Solder of Society!1863 J. Tyndall Heat i. 8 Illustrating a principle which forms the very solder of Nature.1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 45 This [being] the end of strifes particular, this the soder of publike peace. 1638 W. Chillingworth Relig. Protestants i. iii. §43. 151 I am at my wits end..to find some glue, or sodder,..to tye this antecedent and this consequent together. 1662 H. Hibbert Exercitationes Theologicæ 149 in Syntagma Theologicum The ground or band of the union, the sodder that knit them together. 4. [ < solder v.] An act of soldering. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > soldering soldering1466 solder1733 brazing1869 1733 G. Cheyne Eng. Malady i. x. 97 A Tinker can mend a Hole in a Brass Pot..by a Soder or Patch. Compounds attributive and in other combinations. ΚΠ 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Solder-manufacturer, a maker of cement for metals. 1873 J. Richards Operator's Handbk. 123 For solder joints the silver solder of jewellers is convenient. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2239 Solder-casting, -cutter, -cutting, -mold. 1895 Daily News 24 Dec. 7/1 A powerful solder-pounding machine. 1964 R. F. Ficchi Electr. Interference v. 72 (caption) Input and output connections..are solder-sealed terminals and A–N connector. 1964 R. F. Ficchi Electr. Interference x. 193 A third method of connecting bus bars is by bolting two soldercoated bus bars, and applying heat to make a continuous connection. 1965 Wireless World Sept. 464/2 This unit..is available with either solder pins for direct connection..or with valve base pins. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † soldern.2 Obsolete. rare. Perhaps for soldier in sense 4 of that word. ΚΠ 1603 C. Heydon Def. Iudiciall Astrol. vii. 187 That out of wheat there should spring vp darnell, solders, and smuttie geare. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2021). solderv. 1. a. transitive. To unite or fasten by means of a metallic solder. Also with in, on, together, up, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > restore to state of wholeness or completeness > as by patching, etc. solderc1420 patch1532 plaster1546 to piece up1586 tinker1598 solder1607 society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > solder soldc1350 solderc1420 α. β. 1511 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 335 Peid to Thomas Illyngworth for sawderyng of a gutter.1560–1 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) II. 628 For mendinge and sawderinge the cunditte pipe.1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Gi/2 To Sau [d] er, conferruminare.1605 in W. Kelly Notices Illustr. Drama (1865) 246 For sawderinge of other panes of glasse in the Halle.γ. 1561 R. Eden tr. M. Cortés Arte Nauigation ii. xv. sig. F.iv A..wyre..made fast or sothered in it.1601 R. Dolman tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. 513 As tin doth soder and join togither broken copper.1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall Proem 11 There was soder'd on to the shank of the Cock..a Plate of Tin.1684 R. Waller tr. Ess. Nat. Exper. Acad. del Cimento 51 When we had first put it through the Ring M, sodered to a small Iron Rod.1743 in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 296 To George the goldsmith..for sothering on a pece of brass.1769 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 59 70 I then soddered the wires of each jar to the rod which connected them.δ. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Dan. ii. F Like as yron wil not be souldered with a potsherde.1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus Agglutino,..to soulder together.1659 J. Leak tr. I. de Caus New Inventions Water-works 7 Let the pipe DC be souldered to the bottom passing through it.1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant iii. 39 Having most exactly bent the Ring, they Soulder the two ends of it together.ε. 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. K Ye tail of the siluer pipe stretcht it selfe into the mouth of a great paire of belowes, where it was close soldered.a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1678 (1955) IV. 151 A plate of Brasse sothered on it.1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 200 To the Conduit-Pipe is soldered an upright Pipe,..and at the End of this Socket is likewise soldered the Brass-Nut.1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. , Lupulus 4 G This Bed is to be cover'd with large double Tin, solder'd together at each Joint.1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 11 The end..of the stop-cock, is soldered or screwed into the end of the tube.1858 D. Lardner Hand-bk. Nat. Philos.: Hydrostatics, Pneumatics, & Heat (new ed.) 307 In this hole is soldered the mouth of another tin bucket.1895 Daily Chron. 15 Jan. 6/7 One of the difficulties in the use of aluminium has been the trouble of soldering it.c1420 Chron. Vilod. 1447 And alle þe mynyssionys of þat nayle..Weron soudryd fast aȝayne withouȝt ony fayle. 1492–3 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 187 A ll. di. of sawdyr to sowdyr þe same pype, xij d. 1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) xvi. xcii. 584 Leed may not be sone soudryd to leed nother to brasse. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 725/2 I wyll sowder this pipe of leede. 1556 R. Record Castle of Knowl. 59 These plates..shoulde haue bothe the endes soudred togither. 1613 M. Ridley Short Treat. Magneticall Bodies 85 As though they were tied, glued, and soudred together. 1816 W. Scott Antiquary II. xii. 315 It's best to say ye're an auld tinkler,..for maybe the gudewife will hae something to souther. 1829 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (new ed.) Sowther, to solder. 1882 J. Longmuir & D. Donaldson Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (rev. ed.) IV. 352/2 To sowther, souther, to solder. b. transferred. To unite firmly or closely, to cause to adhere strongly, by means of some substance or device. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)] > join closely, intimately, or permanently > cause to cohere belimeOE to hold togethera1225 glue13.. cement1340 conglutinate1546 agglutinate1586 solder1601 coagment1603 glutinate1604 coagmentate1615 concement1628 to stick together1634 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 594 The mortar..hath not that binding as it ought, and so the walls built therewith are not sodred accordingly. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. iv. 32 As if the world should cleaue, and that slaine men Should soader vp the Rift. View more context for this quotation 1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 5 The Common Fly..can at pleasure..sodder and be-glew herself to the plain she walks on. 1841 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. III. 243/2 Instances of the toes soldered together, as in the Horse. 1841 Penny Cycl. XXI. 158/1 The parietal bones are early soldered to the occipital. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > treatments uniting or replacing parts > unite or replace parts [verb (transitive)] > unite fractures, wounds, etc. consoudec1400 consolid1483 solder1495 conglutine?1541 reconsolidate?1541 consolidate1563 agglutinate1589 solidate1657 splice1755 the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > preparations to heal or generate tissue > heal or generate tissue [verb (transitive)] > heal wounds or fractures consoudec1400 consolid1483 solder1495 conglutine?1541 conglutinate1563 consolidate1563 glutinate1564 α. γ. 1580 J. Frampton tr. N. Monardes Ioyfull Newes (new ed.) iii. f. 94v Put into Sores, it healeth and sodereth them forthwith.1639 T. de Gray Compl. Horseman ii. xix. 341 The iuyce of Salendine well [sic] conglutinat and sodder the tongue together being cut or wounded.1656 J. Smith Compl. Pract. Physick 172 A Plaister of Ivy Gum sodders bones wonderfully.1733 G. Cheyne Eng. Malady i. x. 98 The Fluids..to soder and repair their Wounds.δ. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique ii. xlii. 262 The leaues thereof are good to conglutinate and soulder togither both outward and inward wounds.1652 N. Culpeper Eng. Physitian Enlarged 35 The juyce put into fresh or green wounds doth quickly ‘soulder’ up the lips of them together.ε. 1629 J. Ford Lovers Melancholy i. 13 As the one patches our tatterd clothes, so the other solders our diseased flesh.1770 Philos. Trans. 1769 (Royal Soc.) 59 395 Inflammation solders up the mouths of these little vessels.a1788 P. Pott Chirurg. Wks. (1790) II. 208 With a view to closing or soldering broken lymphatics.1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) xvi. xix. 559 Glewe hath vertue..to soudre [Bodl. MS. soude] woundes and blotches. 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 23 b/1 The foresayed suture is commonlye healed together the seaventh day, and soudered. 3. a. figurative. To unite, to cause to adhere, in a close, firm, or intimate manner. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)] > join closely, intimately, or permanently tiec1000 limea1225 knit1340 sold1388 marryc1450 compact1530 spear?1548 solder1589 cementc1604 ferruminate1623 bewed1674 weld1802 wed1818 Siamese1830 intermarry1863 to pull together1925 mate1959 γ. δ. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) iv. iii. 390 Thou visible God, That souldrest close Impossibilities, And mak'st them kisse. View more context for this quotationa1649 W. Drummond Irene in Wks. (1711) 166 That Power and Frame, which in a Monarchy hath been joined and souldered together many Ages.ε. 1589 J. Lyly Pappe with Hatchet E iij To the foure & twentie orders of knaues, thou maist solder the foure and twentie orders of fooles.1646 J. Hall Horæ Vacivæ 98 Friendship..of equalls is ever best soldered.1744 E. Moore Fables for Female Sex xxii. 58 And, haply, use that precious metal To solder sexes, like a kettle.1796 E. Burke Let. Dec. in Corr. (1970) IX. 163 We have abdicated the crown of Corsica, which had been newly soldered to the crown of Great Britain.1827 Gentleman's Mag. 97 ii. 62 To permit his Royal Patronage to be soldered on to the Bible-Society.1862 E. Bulwer-Lytton Strange Story I. xx. 135 I clamped and soldered dogma to dogma in the links of my tinkered logic.1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lxxvi. 227 I could easily declare how all things which are of God he hath..sodered as it were together with the glue of mutuall assistance. 1601 A. Dent Plaine Mans Path-way to Heauen 94 These carnall worldlings which are fast soddered to the earth. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 133 Selfe soders matters of all sorts together. 1675 R. Burthogge Cavsa Dei 39 'Tis..Soul and Body Soder'd into one Compositum that sins. 1708 J. Swift Sentiments Church of Eng.-man i, in Misc. (1711) 100 The Presbyterians, Anabaptists, Independents, and other Sects, did all..unite and Sodder up their several Schemes to joyn against the Church. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > hear [verb (transitive)] > listen to > restrain from hearing > plug the ears bombase1582 solder1702 wad1876 1702 C. Beaumont J. Beaumont's Psyche (new ed.) ii. ii. 15 No wretched Adder ever soder'd up His wilful ear with trustier cement. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > hear [verb (intransitive)] > listen > refuse to listen to stop (one's own or another's) ear or ears1340 to lend a deaf earc1480 to lay to the deaf eara1500 to have (also put on) merchant's ears1593 solder1642 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 865 That paddle and adoe which you have made to soder and play the Hypocrite. 4. a. figurative. To bring or restore to a sound or unimpaired condition; to repair, mend, patch up again. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > restore [verb (transitive)] > restore to state of wholeness or completeness > as by patching, etc. solderc1420 patch1532 plaster1546 to piece up1586 tinker1598 solder1607 1607 S. Hieron Bridegroome in Wks. (1620) I. 471 The more tender the loue, the more hard to be sodered, when it hath receiued a cracke. a1641 J. Smyth Berkeley MSS (1883) II. 161 This peace was not so soundly on each part sawdred, but that afterwards it leaked at certaine crannells. 1697 C. Leslie Snake in Grass (ed. 2) 179 Thou..seek'st to sodder their Leaky Infallibility, that thou may'st Inherit it. 1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub ix. 175 An Art to sodder and patch up the Flaws and Imperfections of Nature. 1786 R. Burns Twa Dogs xxxii, in Poems 20 The Men cast out in party-matches, Then sowther a' in deep debauches. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian x, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 216 Under pretence that they have southered sin wi' marriage. 1857 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem (1858) I. iii. 8 Fourteen thousand men are on their way to solder with slaughter what must have been the misdoings of somebody. b. Similarly with up. ΚΠ 1594 T. Nashe Terrors of Night Ep. Ded. Pale penurious beautie, which giues dull Painters store of gold to solder vp their leane dints of deformity. 1607 J. Marston What you Will i. i A rout of crased fortunes, whose crakt states Gape to be sodderd up. 1699 S. Garth Dispensary ii. 20 And some wou'd know the issue of their Cause, And whether Gold can sodder up its flaws. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. ii. 17 She must therefore choose to be mine, for the sake of soldering up her reputation. 1816 W. Scott Antiquary II. ix. 242 But it was a' sowdered up again some gait, and the bairn was sent awa'. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. v. i. 271 The sad Varennes business has been soldered up. 5. a. absol. To perform the operation of uniting with solder. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (intransitive)] > solder solder1588 1588 Purfoote (title) Howe to Gylde, Grane, Sowder, and Vernishe. 1639 T. de Gray Compl. Horseman ii. i. 35 Handy-worke is to heat the Iron well, to Sodder well. 1715 tr. G. Panciroli Hist. Memorable Things Lost II. vii. 316 One kind of it [mineral] is called Borax, or Green Earth, which the Goldsmiths solder with. 1771 Encycl. Brit. III. 616/2 To solder upon silver, brass, or iron. 1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets iv. 4 Begin to hammer at it, solder at it,..it will fall to sherds, as sure as rust is rust. 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 62/2 The Egyptians soldered with lead as long ago as the time of Thothmes. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > be or become joined together [verb (intransitive)] > be or become closely, intimately, or permanently joined > cause or promote solder1495 1495 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (de Worde) vii. lix. 275 Medycynes that close and soudre and brede good flesshe. 1612 J. Davies Muses Sacrifice in Wks. (Grosart) II. 69/1 Surgions Bands doe pinch, to solder so. 1645 E. Calamy Indictm. against Eng. 7 These are the glew that soders; these are the nerves and sinews that joyne a Kingdome together. 6. a. intransitive. To adhere, unite, grow together. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > be or become joined together [verb (intransitive)] > be or become closely, intimately, or permanently joined enchainc1400 solder1470 marry1568 knit1617 weld1802 shell1942 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xvii. iv. 695 He took the suerd and sette the pecys to gyders and they soudered as fayr as euer they were to fore. 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 23/1 If they [split lips] can not souder and ioyn, the one with the other. 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 12/1 They [bones] ioyne, and soulder (as it were) together agayne. 1639 T. de Gray Compl. Horseman ii. xviii. 322 If the sinew or artery be broken.., to cause it to soder or joyne againe. 1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver xxiv. 153 Nor [will] the Turfe have fitting time to sodder, and worke together before the dry Weather comes. 1737 A. Ramsay Coll. Scots Prov. (1750) 126 Youth and eild never sowder well. 1776 G. White Let. 8 Jan. in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1789) 203 The tree, in the suffering part, was plastered with loam... If the parts coalesced and soldered together..the party was cured. 1897–1901 in Eng. Dial. Dict. b. Const. with (a person or thing). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)] seeOE drawc1275 mella1300 meeta1325 fellow1340 usec1384 conjoinc1386 joinc1390 knitc1400 accompany1461 enfellowship1470 frequent1477 haunt1477 mixa1513 encompanya1533 combinea1535 contract1548 to take with ——1562 associate1581 to have a saying toa1593 cope1594 sort1594 to take in1597 consort1600 herd1606 factionate1611 to keep company (with)a1616 accost1633 solder1641 converse1649 walk1650 consociate1653 coalite1734 to get with ——a1772 forgather1786 unionize1810 to go rounda1867 to mix in1870 cop1940 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)] > become closely joined to grow1597 solder1641 1641 J. Milton Of Prelatical Episc. 22 Wee..take up there those cast principles which will soone cause us to soder up with them againe. 1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 125 The Tripple Crown could never solder with the English, nor it with that. a1687 R. McWard Επαγωνισμοι (1723) Introd. 4 Others also, with whom we must likewise souder, have been encouraged to repeat..the same disloyal Practices. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < |
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