soldiern.
/ˈsəʊldʒə/, U.S. /ˈsoʊldʒər/ 1.
a. One who serves in an army for pay; one who takes part in military service or warfare; spec. one of the ordinary rank and file; a private.common soldier: see common adj. and adv. Compounds 2. private soldier: see private soldier n. at private adj.1, adv., and n. Compounds 2. foot-soldier: see foot soldier n. soldier of fortune: see fortune n. 1e. old soldier: see old soldier n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > [noun]
thanec893
knightc1175
soldiera1300
osteyoura1450
servitor?1570
marshalman1575
soldado1577
soldat1591
manat1610
camper1631
soldade1634
buff coata1670
swad1708
militaire1746
red herring1789
coolie1803
swaddy1819
swad-gill1819
scarlet runnerc1864
guffy1882
leatherneck1890
pongo1890
hoster1892
swatty1901
file1903
squaddie1933
brown job1943
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > common soldier > [noun]
soldiera1300
sergeantc1300
private soldier1566
common soldier1569
private man1651
man1690
(private) centinel1710
single sentinel1721
private1775
single soldier1816
troop1832
ranksman1845
dog soldier1852
ranker1890
other rank1904
mucko1917
squaddie1933
craftsman1942
peon1957
grunt1969
troopie1972
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier by type of service > [noun] > receiving pay
soldiera1300
feedmanc1460
pensioner1472
pay1523
pensionary1550
α.
β. 1338 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 109 Aniowe with þer souders was alle biseged & set.a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 3954 I sette ȝou for no soudiour but for souerayn lord.a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 255 In þe secounde fyve ȝere þey hadde silver for to paye knyȝtes and soudeours.a1400 Guy Warw. 5329 Wiþ þat come anoþer kniȝt..: Douke Otus soudour was he.1421 Rolls of Parl. IV. 159/2 The pore liege men and Soudeors in the Town.a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xii. 174 Lete vs geder oure kyn and oure frendes and sowderes out of alle londes.1503 Act 19 Hen. VII c. 12 ⁋11 Callyng hymself a Sowedyer, Shipman, or Travelyngman.1526 R. Whitford tr. Martiloge (1893) 2 Amonge soudyours that were under the capytane & prynce Licyne.1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Sam. iv. 2 There were two men captaynes ouer the soudyers.a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 2 He was..never gud capitayne that never was soudiar.γ. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 358 How thei stonde of on acord, The Souldeour forth with the lord.c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) v. 38 Als moche takethe the Amyralle be him allone, as alle the other Souldyours han undre hym.1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. iv. 49 Whan the souldyours see that they [etc.].1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 273/1 Souldier of a strange lande, avxiliaire.1596 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent (rev. ed.) 156 He..mainteined a great number of Souldiours within the Castle.1625 T. Tuke Conc. Holy Eucharist 6 How that noble Worthy made them bee Destroyed of his souldjers presentlie.1640 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 29 Dec. (1855) 152 To mak present provisione..for clothes and schooes to thair awn souldiors.1680 T. Otway Orphan ii. 14 Young Souldier, you've not only study'd War.δ. a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 641 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 115 Soldiouris and sumptermen to yai senȝeouris.a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Certain Bks. Aenæis (1557) ii. sig. Aii What Myrmidon:..What stern Ulysses waged soldiar?1557 Anc. Rec. Dubl. (1889) 468 Every freman becomyng a soilder.1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons Ded. 16 b Such Officers..cannot faile to make good soldiers.a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. iv. 299 As he is a Gentleman and a Soldiour . View more context for this quotationa1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 16 The gran Hogi (that is secretarie) paying the soldiors.1728 E. Young Love of Fame: Universal Passion (ed. 2) iv. 254 Of boasting more than of a bomb afraid, A soldier should be modest as a maid.1752 D. Hume Ess. & Treat. (1777) I. 275 A continual succession of wars makes every citizen a soldier.1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein III. xi. 308 The sight of your lordship..has waked the old soldier in myself.1869 E. A. Parkes Man. Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 623 The trade of the soldier is war.ε. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) vi. 20 Pure knyghtes and sodyours selles þaire hernays.1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) v. 205 It wes all to gret perile Swa ner thai sodiourys [1487 St. John's Cambr. schavaldris] to ga.?1530 J. Rastell Pastyme of People sig. Ciiiv Mordred repayryd to wynchester & wyth new sodears..gaue to Arthur anewe battell.1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 16 The morrow after there ware sodiers arestyd & prisond.1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Siiv/2 A Sodioure, miles..bellator.ζ. 1532 in W. M. Williams Ann. Founders' Co. (1867) 214 These be the charges for the fyrst Soygears.1559 Peebles Burgh Rec. (1872) 253 The inqueist ordanis the sojarris and allegit men of weir to depas incontinent of the tovne.1573 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxxix. 118 With certane Soiouris of the garysoun.1640 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 13 July (1855) 9 The sogers, both the foote and horss.a1653 Z. Boyd Zion's Flowers (1855) Introd. 48 Divers sojours..did sing with us.17.. A. Ramsay Soger Laddie ii My doughty laddie..can as a soger and lover behave.a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 24 I'm twenty-three, and five feet nine, I'll go and be a sodger.1838 J. Grant Sketches London 219 Hollering aloud that he had been a sodger before, but that he was a gentleman now.1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast iv. 28 You're neither man, boy, soger, nor sailor!a1300 Cursor Mundi 24789 He gadird sauders her and þar, To strenth his castels.
a1400 K. Alis. (Laud) 1399 And seuen & tuenty hundreþ sawders, Stronge in felde, vpon destrers.
c1440 Contin. Brut 538 Caleis..was þat tyme kept with saudiours.
1465 J. Payn in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 314 The olde sawdyors of Normaundy.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) iii. 70 I am a sauldyer with Reynawde.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxx. 410 Thou art the best sawgeoure That euer had I any.
c1500 Melusine (1895) 208 Your peple that be come hither to take your wages as sawdoyers.]
b. A man of military skill and experience.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > military man > [noun] > experienced or skilled
soldier1603
society > armed hostility > war > war as profession or skill > [noun] > tactics > strategist or tactician
general1579
captain1590
encamper1598
soldier1603
tactic1638
tactician1798
manoeuvrera1805
strategist1821
1603 Ld. Mountjoy in F. Moryson Itinerary (1617) ii. 284 Howsoever he be no Souldier, yet is [he] well acquainted with the businesse of the warre.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) iii. i. 407 Hee shall appeare to the enuious, a Scholler, a Statesman, and a Soldier . View more context for this quotation
1852 Ld. Tennyson Ode Wellington 131 So great a soldier taught us there, What long-enduring hearts could do.
1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xii. ii. 181 There is Count von Roth, Silesian-Lutheran, an excellent Soldier.
c. A small image of a soldier, intended as a child's toy.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > doll > other figures > [noun] > toy soldier
toy soldier1828
soldier1878
1878 H. S. Leigh Town Garland 56 I will treat her young brother, methinks, To a boxful of soldiers instead.
d. A member of the Salvation Army.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > sect > Christianity > Protestantism > salvationism > [noun] > person
soldier1876
salvationist1882
salvation1889
Salvationer1889
Salvo1896
Sally1936
1876 W. Booth Salvation Soldiery (1882) 70 Get fixed in your mind the ungainsayable truth that every soldier can do something.
1890 W. Booth In Darkest Eng. ii. v. 168 Emma Y.—Now a Soldier of the Marylebone Slum Post.
1935 Chambers's Encycl. IX. 64/2 In some of the jails there is now a regularly organised corps of Salvation Army soldiers.
1978 Lochaber News 31 Mar. 3/2 At the evening service four young soldiers..were enrolled by Major Holstead.
e. to play (at) soldiers: said of children; also derisively of volunteers.
ΚΠ
1911 in Conc. Oxford Dict. at Soldier
1969 I. Opie & P. Opie Children's Games xii. 338 There is a noteworthy difference between playing at ‘Soldiers’ and playing at ‘War’ with two opposing sides.
1969 I. Opie & P. Opie Children's Games xii. 338 If they [sc. the boys] were playing soldiers, she took it as a warning that it was time for her to arm.
1977 Daily Mirror 16 Mar. 10/2 (advt.) I can tell you that digging a trench in pouring rain when you've had no kip is hardly playing at soldiers.
f. A rank-and-file member of the Mafia.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a criminal or law-breaker > gangster > person of specific rank in Mafia
capo mafioso1952
consigliere1963
godfather1963
soldier1963
made man1973
1963 Organized Crime & Illicit Traffic in Narcotics (Comm. Govt. Operations, U.S. Senate) i. 80 Then we had what we call a caporegima which is a lieutenant, and then we have what we call soldiers.
1970 L. Sanders Anderson Tapes lxxii. 218 The organization variably known as Cosa Nostra, Syndicate, Mafia, etc., even has military titles for its members—don for general or colonel, capo for major or captain, soldier for men in the ranks, etc.
1974 J. Gardner Corner Men xv. 248 Vescari was coming to him. There were several men around him, the don's soldiers.
1977 Time 16 May 35/3 Since then scores of new soldiers have signed up [in the Mafia].
2.
a. figurative (usually with reference to spiritual service or warfare). Also const. to (a purpose, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > support or encouragement > [noun] > supporter or encourager > adherent
followerOE
manOE
soldier1340
suerc1384
suitora1398
adherent1426
clienta1464
aggregator1541
sectator?1541
suppost1547
ensuer1550
adherer1561
sectary1590
symbolizer1607
acolyte1623
sectarian1819
tailer1838
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 146 We byeþ alle uelaȝes ine þe ost of oure Ihorde and his kniȝtes and his soudeurs.
c1500 Melusine (1895) 149 Þey name them self sawdyours of our lord Jeshu criste.
1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Publyke Baptisme f. ii* To continewe his faythfull soldiour and seruaunt vnto thy lyfes ende.
1582 W. Allen Briefe Hist. Glorious Martyrdom sig. e7 Very many..being restored to the Church, new souldiars geve vp their names.
1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles xv. 60 Nor let pittie..melt thee, but be a souldier to thy purpose. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. iv. 184 This attempt, I am Souldier too. View more context for this quotation
1649 E. Reynolds Israels Prayer (new ed.) ii. 74 Such an oath have all Christ's Souldiers taken.
1737 R. Challoner Catholick Christian Instructed iv. 20 To make them Soldiers of Christ, and perfect Christians.
1810 P. B. Shelley Tremble Kings 5 We all are soldiers fit to fight.
1860 J. W. Warter Sea-board & Down II. 466 No mean soldier of the Church Militant here on earth.
b. old soldier: see old soldier n. 1b.
c. to come the old soldier over one: see old soldier n. 1c.
d. Nautical slang (originally and chiefly U.S.). A worthless seaman; a loafer, a shirker. Cf. soldier v. 1d.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > types of sailor > [noun] > inefficient, lazy, or unseamanlike sailor
lubber1579
guinea pig1748
marine1829
soldier1840
lubbard1867
Paddy Wester1892
ullage1901
oily wad1925
1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xvii. 154 The captain called him a ‘soger’, and promised to ‘ride him down’.
1849 H. Melville Redburn xii. 80 Sailors were always bitter against any thing like sogering..though this Jackson was a notorious old soger the whole voyage.
1850 H. Melville White-jacket lxxvii. 385 Off Cape Horn some ‘sogers’ of sailors will stand cupping, and bleeding, and blistering, before they will budge.
1898 A. J. Boyd Shellback ii. 28 Some are good men, some mere ‘sojers’ (useless as seamen—loafers).
1933 P. Mitchell Deep Water xxi. 184 I hear that you have shipped as an A.B. You don't look like one, and if you're a soldier you'll get soldier's jobs and be disrated.
1958 B. Hamilton Too Much of Water vi. 140 He's a bit of an old soldier, but a first-rate seaman, and a hundred per cent reliable at sea.
e. dead soldier (U.S. slang): an empty bottle. Cf. (dead) marine n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > flask, flagon, or bottle > [noun] > bottle > empty bottle
fellow commoner1785
dead soldier1917
1917 in Dial. Notes 4 322.
1929 New Yorker 9 Feb. 42/3 His aim with a dead soldier was..unerring.
1940 R. Chandler Farewell, my Lovely v. 33 I held up the dead soldier and shook it. Then I..reached for the pint of bonded bourbon.
1979 R. Gillespie Crossword Myst. ii. 50 There weren't any prints on that bottle... That dead soldier was as clean as a whistle.
f. colloquial. A strip or finger of bread or toast.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > piece of bread > [noun] > strip of bread
finger bread1630
soldier1966
1966 N. Freeling Dresden Green i. 73 Potato soup with fried onions and ‘soldiers’ of fried bread.
1971 J. Grigson Good Things 120 First dip the asparagus into the butter, then into the runny egg yolk, as if it were a child's bread ‘soldier’.
1979 Woman's Own 21 Apr. 8/3 Our medical writer..advises: ‘Bread, butter and milk is a good idea, but you can't really beat a boiled egg and “soldiers”.’
3. transferred. Used as a name for various animals, fishes, etc.† a. A turtle. Obsolete.† c. = soldier-insect (see soldier-insect n. at Compounds 3).† d. A Brazilian fish, of which the native name is camboatá. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > reptiles > order Chelonia (turtles and tortoises) > [noun] > turtles or sea-tortoises
sea-tortoise1601
soldier1608
turtle1657
thalassian1852
shell-back1853
turkle1861
fish1898
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 287 This Sea-Tortoyce.., which the common Fisher-menne call the Souldier, because his backe seemeth to bee armed and couered with a shield and Helmet.
b. The soldier-crab or hermit-crab.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Macrura > member of family Paguridae of Anomura
hermit-fish1605
hermit1661
soldier1666
soldier-crab1668
wrong-heir1730
hermit-crab1736
pagurian1840
hermit-lobster1850
pirate1857
paguroid1879
Jack-in-the-box1889
pagurid1893
pagurine1899
1666 J. Davies tr. C. de Rochefort Hist. Caribby-Islands 78 There is a kind of Snailes, called by the French Soldats that is Souldiers, because they have no shells proper and peculiar to themselves.
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World iii. 39 Under those Trees we found plenty of Soldiers,..that live in Shells, and have two great Claws like a Crab.
1725 H. Sloane Voy. Islands II. 272 This small Lobster or Crab differs in very little from the European Souldjer or Hermit-Crab.
a1757 P. H. Bruce Memoirs (1782) xii. 424 Their shell-fish are conques, perriwinkles, coneys, sogers, wilkes, etc.
1833 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log I. vi. 173 The amphibious little creatures, half crab, half lobster, called soldiers.
ΚΠ
1699 L. Wafer New Voy. & Descr. Isthmus Amer. 111 If these Soldiers eat of any of the Manchineel-Apples.., their Flesh becomes..infected with that virulent Juice.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > unspecified types > [noun]
whalec950
tumbrelc1300
sprout1340
squame1393
codmop1466
whitefish1482
lineshark?a1500
salen1508
glaucus1509
bretcock1522
warcodling1525
razor1530
bassinatc1540
goldeney1542
smy1552
maiden1555
grail1587
whiting1587
needle1589
pintle-fish1591
goldfish1598
puffin fish1598
quap1598
stork1600
black-tail1601
ellops1601
fork-fish1601
sea-grape1601
sea-lizard1601
sea-raven1601
barne1602
plosher1602
whale-mouse1607
bowman1610
catfish1620
hog1620
kettle-fish1630
sharpa1636
carda1641
housewifea1641
roucotea1641
ox-fisha1642
sea-serpent1646
croaker1651
alderling1655
butkin1655
shamefish1655
yard1655
sea-dart1664
sea-pelican1664
Negro1666
sea-parrot1666
sea-blewling1668
sea-stickling1668
skull-fish1668
whale's guide1668
sennet1671
barracuda1678
skate-bread1681
tuck-fish1681
swallowtail1683
piaba1686
pit-fish1686
sand-creeper1686
horned hog1702
soldier1704
sea-crowa1717
bran1720
grunter1726
calcops1727
bennet1731
bonefish1734
Negro fish1735
isinglass-fish1740
orb1740
gollin1747
smelt1776
night-walker1777
water monarch1785
hardhead1792
macaw-fish1792
yellowback1796
sea-raven1797
blueback1812
stumpnose1831
flat1847
butterfish1849
croppie1856
gubbahawn1857
silt1863
silt-snapper1863
mullet-head1866
sailor1883
hogback1893
skipper1898
stocker1904
1704 Nat. Hist. iii, in L. Wafer New Voy. & Descr. Isthmus Amer. (ed. 2) 204 The River Souldier. Its mail'd somewhat like a Sturgeon the Meat good; they say it gets on Land to seek for Water when the Rivers are near dry.
e. A fighting ant or termite; also Australian, a species of large red ant.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Isoptera > member(s) of (termites) > soldier-termite
soldier1781
soldier-ant1857
soldier-termite1963
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > ant > unspecified types
musk-ant1671
velvet ant1748
soldier1781
raffle ant1793
Amazon-ant1824
green tree ant1845
brown ant1868
harvesting ant1873
Amazon1880
crazy ant1885
crazy ant1905
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > ant > soldier or fighting ants
soldier1781
soldier-ant1857
policeman1877
(a)
(b)1854 G. H. Haydon Austral. Emigrant 59 It was a red ant, upwards of an inch in length—‘that's a soldier, and he prods hard too’.1881 Chequered Career 324 I was bitten once by a ‘soldier’, and for ten minutes was in frightful agony.1781 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 71 145 Of every species there are three orders; first, the working insects,..next the fighting ones, or soldiers.
1871 C. Kingsley At Last I. viii. 310 The workers and soldiers, I believe, without exception, are blind.
1898 E. P. Evans Evol. Ethics vi. 210 The soldiers may be undeveloped males, although this is by no means certain.
f. One of several deep-water fishes with reddish skins, esp. one of the genus Hoplostethus.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Scorpaeniformes (scorpion-fish) > [noun] > family Triglidae (gurnards) > genus Trigla > trigla cuculus (red gurnard)
rochet1345
cur1589
red fish1611
rocketa1655
red gurnarda1672
sea-cock1704
soldier1846
elleck1862
peeper1880
latchett1882
1846 Zoologist 4 1402 The Red Gurnard, Trigla cuculus. This species is frequently called ‘soldier’.
1905 Haslope Pract. Sea-fishing 97 Small Pollack sometimes acquire a bright red colour, and then are termed ‘soldiers’ in Cornwall.
1935 ‘R. M.’ Trawler x. 51 By far the most plentiful animals in all the catch were the ‘soldiers’.
1953 F. Robb Sea Hunters viii. 122 Then we'll go inshore and fish daggerheads and soldiers.
1971 Grocott's Mail (Grahamstown, S. Afr.) 28 May 3 Mrs. E. Birch took both the ladies' awards with a soldier of 0·963 kg, another unusual fish and decidedly a deep sea species.
1974 Nature 22 Mar. 306/3 The berycoid fishes comprise a mixture of deepwater ‘soldiers’, Hoplostethus, and other genera.
g. slang. A red herring.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > cured fish > smoked fish
red herringa1399
bloat herringa1586
fumade1599
sore1600
Yarmouth capona1661
kipper1769
finnana1774
Norfolk capon1785
bukkama1805
soldier1811
bloater1832
Yarmouth bloater1832
finnie haddie1851
Californian1873
smoky1891
two-eyed steak1893
finney1906
buckling1909
lox1937
nova1964
1811 Lexicon Balatronicum Soldier, a red herring.
1834 F. Marryat Jacob Faithful I. x. 179 He returned, bringing half-a-dozen red herrings. ‘Here, Tom, grill these sodgers’.
1880–4 F. Day Fishes Great Brit. & Ireland II. 210 A red herring..sailors usually designate..as a sodger, or soldier.
1890 Littell's Living Age 5 Apr. 61/1 ‘Soldiers’, it appears, is the popular name for red herrings.
1905 J. S. Farmer Dict. Slang & Colloquial Eng. (2007) 370/2 Red-herring, a soldier: cf. Soldier, a red-herring.
h. A red spider; a small red beetle; a ladybird.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Aranea > member of (spider) > unspecified type > red
taint1577
twing1608
soldier1848
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Diversicornia > family Cantharidae > rhagonycha fulva (soldier)
soldier1848
soldier-beetle1855
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Diversicornia > family Coccinellidae > member of (lady-bird)
ladycow1583
golden knop1592
cow-lady1656
ladybird1673
lady-clock1682
lady fly1714
ladybeetle1766
ladybug1787
bishy barnabee1789
coccinella1815
soldier1848
Judycow1855
bishop1875
coccinellid1887
1848 Johnston in Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 2 vi. 290 This insect is called a Tant in England... Our children call it the Soldier, from its scarlet colour.
1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 264 Soldier, the small beetle known to entomologists as the Cantharis livida.
1858 C. Kingsley Chalk-stream Stud. in Misc. (1860) I. 189 The soldier, the soft-winged reddish beetle which haunts the umbelliferous flowers.
1863 J. G. Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. (new ed.) III. 472 The Telephoridæ..represented in England by the well known beetles, popularly called from their red or bluish colours, Soldiers and Sailors.
i. Australian. (See quot. 1898.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Implacenta > subclass Marsupialia (marsupials) > [noun] > family Macropodidae > kangaroo > kangaroos of genus Macropus > macropus major (great kangaroo)
forest kangaroo1825
forester1832
soldier1898
scrubber1968
1898 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Romance of Canvas Town 76 They rode on,..seeing nothing living save..four ‘soldiers’ or forest kangaroos.
j. U.S. (See quot. 1904.)
ΚΠ
1904 P. Fountain Great North-West xix. 224 A bird known locally [in Ohio] as ‘the marshal’, and sometimes ‘the soldier’... It is a very gaudy woodpecker with a great deal of scarlet in the colour of its plumage.
4. dialect. As a plant-name (see quot. 1854).See also freshwater soldier n. 2 and water soldier.
ΚΠ
1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 264 Soldier, another local name for the field poppy, Papaver Rhæas.
5. A disease of swine characterized by red patches on the skin. (Cf. soldier disease n. at Compounds 3.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of pigs > [noun]
swine-sought?c1475
water-gall1582
measles1587
swinepox1587
gargarism1607
measlesa1637
rangen1688
milt-pain1704
choler1729
hog pox1730
gall1736
thirst1736
cholera1837
black tooth1851
hog plague1858
swine plague1863
purple1867
swine fever1877
soldier disease1878
soldier1882
swine erysipelas1887
Aujeszky's disease1906
swine flu1919
swine influenza1920
African swine fever1935
baby pig disease1941
swine vesicular disease1972
SVD1973
1882 F. Vacher Transmiss. Disease by Food 4 Erysipelas is far from rare among cattle and swine; and passing under such names as..‘soldier’ is often counted but a trifling ailment.
1890 Lancet 2 Aug. 217/2 A disorder affecting pigs, called..in Ireland ‘red soldier’, from the red patches that appear on the skin in fatal cases.
6. A soldier-line (see Compounds 3).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fishing-line > [noun] > sea-line fixed to stick
soldier1868
soldier-line1868
1868 J. C. Wilcocks Sea-fisherman (ed. 2) 78 The tide now began to run considerably stronger, and more length on the lines was requisite; I therefore prepared to ‘rig a soldier’.
7. In allusion to the resemblance to a line of soldiers on parade.
a. Carpentry. Each of a series of short vertical pieces of wood to which a skirting board is fixed.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > wall of building > [noun] > skirting board > part to which skirting board is fixed
soldier1927
1927 T. Corkhill in R. Greenhalgh Building Educator II. 817/2 The vertical grounds, or soldiers.., are plugged to the wall about every 3 ft. apart.
1950 M. T. Telling Carpentry & Joinery v. 200 The skirting is fixed with nails to the horizontal ground and to the short vertical grounds called ‘soldiers’.
b. Building. (See quot. 1929) Cf. soldier arch n. at Compounds 3 below, soldier course n. at Compounds 3 below.
ΚΠ
1929 W. C. Huntington Building Constr. iv. 130 Belt courses and flat arches may be formed of brick[s] set on end with the narrow side exposed. Such bricks are called soldiers.
c. Building. Each of a series of vertical members of timber or metal used to hold formwork in position or support the lining of an excavation.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > [noun] > temporary support for concrete > part of
soldier1932
1932 Dowsett & Bartle Pract. Formwork & Shuttering ii. 19 The ribs are held in position by uprights made from 3″ × 6″ material; these uprights—frequently referred to as ‘soldiers’—are in turn held by 3″ × 6″ horizontal timbers called ‘walings’.
1932 T. Corkhill Conc. Building Encycl. 197 Soldiers,..heavy vertical timbers placed across several walings and strutted. This is done in stages, to remove the lower struts for a deep excavation, as the wall is built.
1961 Engineering 8 Dec. 739/1 Aluminium ‘soldiers’ are being used..to support the shuttering for the concrete shields of the reactors.
1970 W. G. Nash Brickwork Three viii. 175 When a sufficient depth has been supported in this way the whole system is held back by soldiers which are secured by the permanent struts.
Compounds
C1. Possessive combinations.† soldier's bottle n. Obsolete a bottle of extra size.† soldier's boy n. Obsolete a camp-follower.† soldier's cloth n. Obsolete coarse cloth.† soldier's mawnd n. slang Obsolete (see quots.).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > flask, flagon, or bottle > [noun] > bottle > large bottle
soldier's bottle1699
demijohn1769
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Soldier's-bottle, a large one.
1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 177 I hope, you'll give me a Soldier's Bottle.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > camp follower > [noun]
rascal1539
lackey1556
boy1572
soldier's boy1611
camper1631
lix1665
retainer1784
camp-follower1810
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Goujat, a Souldiors boy... Goujaterie, Souldiors boyes, or the young rakehells that follow a Campe.
soldier's breeze n. = soldier's wind n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > wind as means of propulsion > serving either way
soldier's wind1834
soldier's breeze1894
1894 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Ebb-tide ii. vii. 125 The Farallone made a soldier's breeze of it.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric with specific qualities > [noun] > coarse or rough > other
grey russetc1400
raploch1535
roudgea1549
reading1580
burracan1588
stand far off1613
stand-further-off1619
homespun1651
half-thick1693
soldier's cloth1753
toile de ménage1794
rugging1838
stramin1914
1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea II. ii. xxvi. 156 The advantage in favour of the British subjects in Russia..is about one third part in the customs of soldiers cloths.
soldier's farewell n. slang an abusive farewell (cf. sailor's farewell n. at sailor n. Compounds 3).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > malediction > [noun] > profane language
swarec1200
shit-wordc1275
words of villainya1300
filtha1400
reveriec1425
bawdry1589
scurrility1589
bawdy1622
tongue-worm1645
borborology1647
Billingsgatry1673
double entendre1673
smut1698
blackguardism1756
slang1805
epithet1818
dirty word1842
French1845
language1855
bad languagec1863
bestiality1879
swear-word1883
damson-tart1887
comminative1888
double entente1895
curse-word1897
bang-words1906
soldier's farewell1909
strong languagea1910
dirty story1912
dirty joke1913
bullocky1916
shitticism1936
Anglo-Saxonism1944
sweary1994
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > [noun] > parting salutation > abusive
soldier's farewell1909
1909 J. R. Ware Passing Eng. Victorian Era 229/1 Soldier's farewell, ‘Go to bed’, with noisy additions.
1936 ‘J. Curtis’ Gilt Kid viii. 82 ‘Good-bye. I hope they'll poke you into the Lock Hospital.’ ‘Soldier's farewell to you.’
1938 F. D. Sharpe Sharpe of Flying Squad xviii. 184 As you pass through the door, you'll sometimes hear a raspberry... No one wants to accept responsibility for that soldier's farewell.
1979 Guardian 12 Nov. 2/5 One school of thought within ITN..is that..the darling [newsreader] of millions then decided to say a soldier's farewell.
soldier's heart n. Pathology a diseased state of the heart, characterized by a throbbing sensation in the chest and a difficulty in breathing; = irritable heart n. at irritable adj. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of heart > [noun] > other heart disorders
regurgitation1683
pneumopericardium1821
concentric hypertrophy1828
hydropericardium1834
stenocardia1842
cardiosclerosis1848
pyopericardium1848
irritable heart1864
pyopneumopericardium1878
tobacco heart1884
akinesis1888
smoker's heart1888
pneumopericarditis1890
cardioptosis1895
soldier's heart1898
diver's palsy1900
cardiomyopathy1901
cigarette heart1908
neurocirculatory asthenia1918
Fallot1922
cor pulmonale1935
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome1935
fibroelastosis1943
restenosis1954
akinesia1970
stress cardiomyopathy2005
1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 851 Soldier's heart.—I venture to give this name to a disease well-known to physicians in the army.
1967 Punch 29 Mar. 458/3 World War One produced, besides Trench Foot, a syndrome called Soldier's Heart, caused by great anxiety coupled with severe physical strain.
1971 H. L. Conn & O. Horwitz Cardiac & Vascular Dis. I. xxiv. 600/1 This condition has been known by many names, such as irritable heart, soldier's heart, disordered action of the heart, functional heart disease, effort syndrome, and neurocirculatory asthenia.
soldiers' home n. a place of stay for soldiers.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > institutional homes > [noun] > for soldiers
soldiers' home1860
1860 E. C. Gaskell Let. 10 Dec. (1966) 640 This autumn [I]..helped Florence Nightingale..in establishing a Soldier's [sic] Home in Gibraltar where they can have cheap refreshments, can read, play games, write letters, &c.
1865 Atlantic Monthly 15 233 I wandered..from soldiers' home to soldiers' home.
1866 J. C. Gregg Life in Army xxvi. 224 The idea of a Soldiers' Home is, I believe, original with the American people... It is said to have been first instituted in the city of Baltimore in 1861.
1881 Harper's Mag. Apr. 715/2 The handsome grounds of the Soldiers' Home.
1900 Congress. Rec. 19 Jan. 1001/1 Part of his [sc. the veteran's] meager pension [is] confiscated at Soldiers' Homes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [noun] > wound > counterfeit wound
soldier's mawnd1699
the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [noun] > wound > counterfeit wound > soldier with
soldier's mawnd1699
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Souldiers-Mawn'd, a Counterfeit Sore or Wound in the Left Arm.
1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Soldiers mawnd, a pretended soldier, begging with a counterfeit wound.
soldier's spots n. Pathology a variety of macula.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [noun] > spot or mark
spotOE
markOE
tachea1400
macula?a1425
ruby1542
plotch1548
flea-biting1552
fleck1598
blanch1608
staina1616
naeve1619
neve1624
dark1637
sunspot1651
pip1676
liver spot1684
beauty spot1795
heat-spot1822
spilus1822
ink-spot1839
punctation1848
punctuation1848
macule1864
soldier's spots1874
pock1894
mouche1959
1874 Dunglison's Med. Lexicon (rev. ed.) Soldier's spots, Maculæ albæ.
soldier's supper n. a smoke and a drink of water.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > meal > [noun] > light meal or snacks
nuncheonc1260
morsela1382
refection?a1439
mixtumc1490
bever1500
banquet1509
collation1525
snatch1570
beverage1577
a little something1577
anders-meat1598
four-hours1637
watering1637
refreshment1639
snap1642
luncheona1652
crib1652
prandicle1656
munchin1657
baita1661
unch1663
afternooning1678
whet1688
nacket1694
merenda1740
rinfresco1745
bagging?1746
snack1757
coffee1774
second breakfast1775
nummit1777
stay-stomach1800
damper1804
eleven o'clock1805
noonshine1808
by-bit1819
morning1819
four1823
four o'clock1825
lunch1829
stay-bit1833
picnic meal1839
elevens1849
Tommy1864
picnic tea1869
dinnerette1872
merienda1880
elevenses1887
light bite1887
soldier's supper1893
mug-up1902
tray1914
café complet1933
nosha1941
namkeen1942
snax1947
snackette1952
chaat1954
ploughman's lunch1957
munchie1959
playlunch1960
short-eat1962
lite bite1965
munchie1971
ploughman1975
aperitivo2002
1893 J. A. Barry Steve Brown's Bunyip 31 A bite o' rotten bread for breakfus, ditto for dinner, an' a soldier's supper.
soldier's thigh n. dialect (see quot. 1841, and cf. soldier-thighed adj. at Compounds 3).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > lack of money
pence-lackc1400
a short purse1548
disability1624
low tide1699
embarrassment1727
impecuniosity1818
soldier's thigh1841
pennilessness1852
hard-uppishness1859
hard-upness1869
ooflessness1889
1841 C. H. Hartshorne Salopia Antiqua Gloss. Soldier's thigh, a slang term for an empty pocket.
soldier's wind n. a wind which serves either way.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > wind as means of propulsion > serving either way
soldier's wind1834
soldier's breeze1894
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of wind > [noun] > wind as means of propulsion > wind which serves either way
soldier's wind1834
1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. xvi. 268 The wind was what is called at sea a soldier's wind, that is, blowing so that the ships could lie either way, so as to run out or into the harbour.
1893 H. M. Doughty Our Wherry in Wendish Lands 312 Thence down the Schwielow See, with a light soldier's wind, we crept contentedly to past the Gänse horn.
C2. In various plant-names.
soldier's cap n.
ΚΠ
1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 264 Soldier's caps, the flowers of the monkshood.
soldier's cullion n.
ΚΠ
1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 166 Souldiers Cullions hath many leaues spred vpon the ground, but lesser than the souldiers Satyrion.
1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 327 Soldier's Cullions, Orchis.
soldier's herb n.
ΚΠ
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 204 The herb which they cal Militaris [margin. The soulders hearbe].
1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Herba militare, the souldiers hearbe.
1893 Dunglison's Dict. Med. Sci. (ed. 21) Matico, Soldier's tea or herb; South American herb, order Piperaceæ.
soldier's tea n.
ΚΠ
1893 Dunglison's Dict. Med. Sci. (ed. 21) Matico, Soldier's tea or herb; South American herb, order Piperaceæ.
soldier's weed n.
ΚΠ
1846 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 6) 470/1 Soldier's weed [1893 wood].
soldier's woundwort n.
ΚΠ
1866 J. T. B. Syme Sowerby's Eng. Bot. (ed. 3) V. 58 It [yarrow] was formerly esteemed as a vulnerary, and its old names of ‘soldier's wound-wort’ and ‘knight's milfoil’ bear witness to this.
soldier's yarrow n.
ΚΠ
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 143 The second is called..in English..Souldiers yerrow.
1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 677 Militaris aquatica, and Militaris Aizoides, or Soldiers Yarrow.
C3. Special combinations. † soldierfare n. Obsolete military service or experience.† soldier-insect n. Obsolete (see quot. 1699).† soldier money n. Obsolete ? money spent in assisting poor soldiers.
(old) soldier bird n. an Australian bird, Myzomela sanguinolenta, with bright red plumage.
ΚΠ
1857 D. Bunce Australasiatic Remin. 62 The notes peculiar to the..leather-head or old soldier bird, added in no small degree to the novelties.
soldier-ant n. = sense 3e.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Isoptera > member(s) of (termites) > soldier-termite
soldier1781
soldier-ant1857
soldier-termite1963
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > ant > soldier or fighting ants
soldier1781
soldier-ant1857
policeman1877
1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. xxvii. 537 I observed many regiments of black soldier-ants.
soldier arch n. Building a soldier course serving as a lintel.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > [noun] > lintel
overdooreOE
lintela1425
soil1519
lintern1533
hance1534
linterel1548
hance-head1618
cap1688
transom-stone1770
lintel-piece1842
pare1897
soldier arch1963
1963 Seakins & Smith Practical Brickwork xiv. 174 (caption) Flexible D.P.C. behind soldier arch.
1972 S. Smith Brickwork xiv. 73 A method of supporting a soldier arch by means of wire ties built into a concrete lintel at the rear, is shown.
soldier bean n. North American the mottled kidney-shaped seeds of certain varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > pulse > [noun] > bean > kidney beans
kidney bean1548
fasels1562
frijoles1568
Welsh bean1585
longbean1587
haricot1653
string-bean1759
snapc1770
butter bean1820
snap-bean1870
flageolet1877
sieva1888
pinto bean1913
pinto1918
borlotti1932
soldier bean1968
1931 W. G. McGregor Field Beans in Canada 8 In Nova Scotia..four leading varieties..are Navy Ottawa 711, White Marrowfat, Soldier, and Yellow Eye.]
1968 E. R. Buckler Ox Bells & Fireflies vi. 101 Yellow-eyed soldier beans to be threshed on the barn floor with the leather-jointed flail.
soldier-beetle n. = sense 3h.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Diversicornia > family Cantharidae > rhagonycha fulva (soldier)
soldier1848
soldier-beetle1855
1855 J. Ogilvie Suppl. Imperial Dict. Soldier-beetle, a name given to coleopterous insects of the genus Telephorus.
1883 W. Saunders Insects Injurious to Fruits 185 The larva of the soldier-beetle, Chauliognathus Americanus.., is also a useful agent in destroying the curculio.
soldier-bird n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > arboreal families > [noun] > family Meliphagidae (honey-eater) > other or miscellaneous types of
bell-bird1802
miner1832
myna1832
blue eye1841
spine-bill1848
stitch-bird1873
soldier-bird1881
1881 Encycl. Brit. XII. 139 The males are recognizable by a gorgeous display of crimson or scarlet, which has caused one species..to be known as the Soldier-bird to Australian colonists.
soldier-bug n. a predacious North American bug of the genus Podisus of the family Pentatomidæ, esp. P. maculiventris, which is yellowish brown and has a spine on the under-side of its head.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Hemiptera > suborder Heteroptera > member of family Pentatomidae (stink-beetle) > member of genus Podisus
soldier-bug1868
1868 7th Ann. Rep. State Board Agric. Michigan 175 [I] found [them] to be soldier-bugs, with their long harpoon bills thrust into a fine fat slug.
1870 Amer. Naturalist 3 98 The very same..may be true..of the Spined Soldier bug.
1876 Rep. Vermont Board Agric. 3 676 The spined soldier bug and the banded robber bug also prey upon the larvae of the potato beetle.
1946 Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 4 Feb. 4/1 More than two tons of it [sc. an insecticide made from sabadilla] was used this year to kill.. the soldier bugs in Illinois.
soldier-bush n. = soldier-wood n.
soldier course n. Building a course of bricks set on end with their narrower long face exposed.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > disposition of stones or bricks > [noun] > single layer on same level > types of
grass tablea1472
coping1601
tableting1610
plinth1640
plinth course1693
stretching-course1700
bench1730
binding1730
earth table1822
lacing course1833
vertical bond1833
rowlock1864
cope1880
soldier course1948
1948 Dalzell & Townsend Masonry Simplified I. vii. 268 Soldier courses are used mainly as a water table around a building at the level of the first floor.
1979 Arizona Daily Star 1 Apr. (Advt. section) 22/3 Burnt adobe hacienda with Soldier Course on parapet.
soldier disease n. = sense 5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of pigs > [noun]
swine-sought?c1475
water-gall1582
measles1587
swinepox1587
gargarism1607
measlesa1637
rangen1688
milt-pain1704
choler1729
hog pox1730
gall1736
thirst1736
cholera1837
black tooth1851
hog plague1858
swine plague1863
purple1867
swine fever1877
soldier disease1878
soldier1882
swine erysipelas1887
Aujeszky's disease1906
swine flu1919
swine influenza1920
African swine fever1935
baby pig disease1941
swine vesicular disease1972
SVD1973
1878 Typhoid Fever Order (Privy Council) Typhoid fever of Swine (otherwise called Soldier disease or red disease).
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military service > [noun]
knightshipa1175
armsc1300
knighthoodc1384
warfarec1485
service1549
soldiership1561
soldierfare1579
military service1586
stipend1604
caska1616
milice1635
lance1641
militia1641
soldiering1643
camp1725
military1757
1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 622 The first time of his souldierfare was, when the Cimbres & Tevtons inuaded Gavle.
1632 P. Holland tr. Xenophon Cyrupædia 43 Whatsoever by their souldier-fare in this expedition, they shall win.
soldier-fish n. = squirrel n. 4 and squirrel-fish n. at squirrel n. Compounds 2a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > [noun] > order Beryciformes > member of family Holocentridae (soldier-fish)
squirrel1735
squirrel-fish1803
soldier-fish1882
red man1890
1882 D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert Synopsis Fishes N. Amer. 517 Pæcilechthys cæruleus, Blue Darter; Rainbow Darter; Soldier-fish.
1905 D. S. Jordan Guide Study of Fishes II. xv. 253 The soldier-fishes (Holocentridæ) also known as squirrel-fishes..are shore fishes very characteristic of rocky banks in the tropical seas.
1931 J. R. Norman Hist. Fishes iv. 69 Soldier-fishes..of the coral reefs of tropical seas derive their name from the stout and sharply pointed spines with which the fins are provided.
1961 E. S. Herald Living Fishes of World 157/1 Squirrelfishes or soldier-fishes..tend to hide in crevices and cracks.
soldier fly n. [translating modern Latin Stratiomys] originally U.S. an often brightly coloured fly of the family Stratiomyidæ, the larvæ of which damage the roots of certain grasses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Diptera or flies > [noun] > suborder Brachycera > family Stratiomyidae > member of
soldier fly1842
1842 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects New Eng. 408 Most of the soldier-flies..are armed with two thorns or sharp spines on the hinder part of the thorax.
1905 V. L. Kellogg Amer. Insects xiii. 329 The soldier-flies, Stratiomyidæ, are unfamiliar insects... Many of the species have bright yellow or green markings, and most of them have the abdomen curiously broad and flattened.
1952 J. Clegg Freshwater Life Brit. Isles xiv. 238 The Soldier-flies are the first of the stouter, short-horned flies to be considered.
1975 N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. Sept. 7/1 Infestations of grassgrub and soldier fly..have the effect of inducing a clover-strong pasture which increases the danger of bloat.
ΚΠ
1699 L. Wafer New Voy. & Descr. Isthmus Amer. 110 There is a sort of Insect like a Snail in great plenty among the Samballoe's, which is call'd the Soldier-Insect;..because of the Colour.
soldier-line n. (see quot. 1868 and cf. sense 6).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > fishing-line > [noun] > sea-line fixed to stick
soldier1868
soldier-line1868
1868 J. C. Wilcocks Sea-fisherman (ed. 2) 78 A soldier-line is one of two-stranded hemp twine, having for a sinker a two pound Mackerel plummet.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > [noun] > payments to assist poor
relief1438
soldier money1593
relief ticket1830
1593 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 35 Item given to Roberte Morie for Soldier monie (as he cald it) the xxiiij of November, xiij d.
1603 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 52 Item given to Thomas Kinge for Souldere monie the last day of March, viij s. viij d.
soldier-moth n.
ΚΠ
1882 Cassell's Nat. Hist. VI. 67 The Soldier Moth (Euschema militaris) is the commonest.
soldier orchid n. = military orchid n. at military adj. and n. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > orchids > early purple orchids
standengussa1400
standelworta1500
gandergoose?1550
adder's grass1551
ragwort1552
cuckoo orchis1578
fool's ballocks1578
Palma Christi1578
standergrass1578
fool's stones1597
fox-stones1597
goat's stones1597
goat stones1597
testicles1597
dead man's finger1604
long purples1604
dead man's thumb1652
man orchis1670
monkey orchisa1678
meadow orchis1753
military orchis1784
male orchis1785
ram's horn1832
lady orchis1846
dead man's hand1853
scorpion plant1866
phalaenopsid1880
walking orchid1910
soldier orchid1934
1934 M. J. Godfery Monogr. & Iconogr. Native Brit. Orchidaceæ 168 Orchis militaris L. Soldier Orchid, Military Orchid.
1969 J. E. Lousley Wild Flowers of Chalk & Limestone (ed. 2) vii. 91 It is the resemblance of the hood to an ancient helmet which has led to the plant being called the Soldier or Military Orchid.
soldier-orchis n. (see quots.).
ΚΠ
1863 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants Soldier-orchis, from a fancied resemblance in it to a soldier, Orchis militaris.
soldier palmer n. an artificial fly used in angling.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > artificial fly > types of
moor flylOE
drake-flya1450
dub-flya1450
dun cut1496
dun fly1496
louper1496
red fly1616
moorish fly1635
palmer1653
palmer fly1653
red hackle1653
red palmer1653
shell-fly1653
orange fly1662
blackfly1669
dun1676
dun hackle1676
hackle1676
mayfly1676
peacock fly1676
thorn-tree fly1676
turkey-fly1676
violet-fly1676
whirling dun1676
badger fly1681
greenfly1686
moorish brown1689
prime dun1696
sandfly1700
grey midge1724
whirling blue1747
dun drake?1758
death drake1766
hackle fly1786
badger1787
blue1787
brown-fly1787
camel-brown1787
spinner1787
midge1799
night-fly1799
thorn-fly1799
turkey1799
withy-fly1799
grayling fly1811
sun fly1820
cock-a-bondy1835
brown moth1837
bunting-lark fly1837
governor1837
water-hen hackle1837
Waterloo fly1837
coachman1839
soldier palmer1839
blue jay1843
red tag1850
canary1855
white-tip1856
spider1857
bumble1859
doctor1860
ibis1863
Jock Scott1866
eagle1867
highlander1867
jay1867
John Scott1867
judge1867
parson1867
priest1867
snow-fly1867
Jack Scott1874
Alexandra1875
silver doctor1875
Alexandra fly1882
grackle1894
grizzly queen1894
heckle-fly1897
Zulu1898
thunder and lightning1910
streamer1919
Devon1924
peacock1950
1839 T. C. Hofland Brit. Angler's Man. (1841) xi. 164 The house fly and small soldier palmer.
1867 F. Francis Bk. Angling vi. 213 Soldier Palmer. A capital fly in warm weather.
soldier-pink n. dialect a minnow.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Cyprinoidei > family Cyprinidae (minnows and carps) > genus Leuciscus > leuciscus phoxinus (minnow)
eldringc1325
minnowa1425
pink1478
mennard1796
baggy-minnow1808
soldier-pink1854
1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 264 Soldier-pink, the minnow, called by ichthyologists the Cyprynus Proxinus.
soldier-plant n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > [noun] > mimosa or sensitive plant
sensitive plant1640
shrinking shrub1640
humble plant1664
sensitive1707
touch-me-not1728
mimosa1731
inga tree1756
soldier-wood1823
inga1838
soldier-plant1864
1864 A. H. R. Grisebach Flora Brit. W. Indian Islands 787/2 Soldier-plant, Calliandra purpurea.
soldier-termite n. = sense 3e.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > subclass Pterygota > [noun] > division Exopterygota or Hemimetabola > order Isoptera > member(s) of (termites) > soldier-termite
soldier1781
soldier-ant1857
soldier-termite1963
1963 A. W. Leftwich Student's Dict. Zool. 160 Nasutes, soldier-termites: specialized forms within the genus Nasutitermes, able to defend the colony by discharging an acrid secretion from glands situated at the end of a long snout or rostrum.
soldier-thighed adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > poverty > [adjective] > poor > lacking money
to the boneOE
silverlessc1325
pennilessc1330
moneylessc1400
impecunious1596
crossless1600
penceless1605
unmoneyed1606
coinless1614
emptya1643
out of pocket1679
money-bound1710
broke1716
embarrassed1744
stiver cramped1785
plackless1786
taper1789
poundlessa1794
shillingless1797
unpennied1804
fundless1809
impecuniary1814
hard up1821
soldier-thighed1825
cashless1833
stiverless1839
fly-blown1853
strapped1857
stick1859
tight1859
stone-broke1886
stony1886
oofless1888
stony-broke1890
motherless1906
penny-pinched1918
skinned1924
skint1925
on the beach1935
potless1936
boracic1959
uptight1967
brassic1982
1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Sodger-thee'd, a low term, signifying that one has little or no money in one's pocket. [Cf. soldier's thigh in 9.]
soldier-wood n. (see quots.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > [noun] > mimosa or sensitive plant
sensitive plant1640
shrinking shrub1640
humble plant1664
sensitive1707
touch-me-not1728
mimosa1731
inga tree1756
soldier-wood1823
inga1838
soldier-plant1864
1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. II. Soldier-wood,..the Mimosa purpurea of Linnæus.
1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) Index 1223/1 Soldier-wood, inga purpurea.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 1071/2 Soldier-wood, Calliandra purpurea.
C4. attributive and in other combinations.
a. Appositive.
soldier-boy n.
ΚΠ
1861 in F. Moore Rebellion Rec. I. iii. 91/2 My hungry soger-boys shall soon have meat and drink.
1978 J. Barnett Head of Force viii. 72 This was his field. The soldier-boy was out of his depth.
soldier-colonist n.
ΚΠ
1852 G. C. Mundy Our Antipodes III. ii. 62 The attempt to make the soldier-colonist a landed proprietor.
soldier-hero n.
ΚΠ
1885 Ld. Tennyson Let. 9 July (1990) III. 322 Our great simple soldier-hero Gordon.
soldier-laddie n.
ΚΠ
17.. A. Ramsay Soger Laddie i My soger laddie is over the sea.
1794 Har'st Rig xcviii. 31 The Grey Breeks next, and then she'll try The Sodger Laddie.
1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess Prol. 5 While the twangling violin Struck up with Soldier-laddie.]
soldier-man n.
ΚΠ
1802 R. L. Edgeworth & M. Edgeworth Ess. Irish Bulls xi. 152 Some of his soldiermen being of the company.
1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona xxx. 354 I went among soldier-men to their big dinners.
soldier-monk n.
ΚΠ
1894 H. Speight Nidderdale & Garden of Nidd 187 The original house of the old soldier-monks at Ribston.
soldier-officer n.
ΚΠ
1823 W. Robinson in J. A. Heraud Voy. & Mem. Midshipman (1837) vi. 101 In a race we had..against the soldier-officers..there was a capsize.
soldier-philosopher n.
ΚΠ
1808 W. Mitford Hist. Greece (new ed.) III. xxviii. §ix. 549 [Xenophon] the soldier-philosopher-author.
soldier-poet n.
ΚΠ
1912 D. H. Lawrence in Eng. Rev. Jan. 373 Liliencron is well represented. But this soldier poet is so straight, so free from the modern artist's hyper-sensitive self-consciousness, that we would have more of him.
1958 E. Blunden War Poets 1914–18 i. 13 The number and the activity of the soldier-poets of Britain in the First World War were bewildering.
soldier-priest n.
ΚΠ
1830 Ld. Tennyson Sonn. to J. M. K. 2 A latter Luther, and a soldier-priest.
soldier-robber n.
ΚΠ
1852 G. C. Mundy Our Antipodes I. v. 176 The old soldier-robber remaining doggedly at bay.
soldier-saint n.
ΚΠ
1892 T. A. Cook Old Touraine I. 10 If there is one thing for which Tours is famous it is for its soldier-saint.
soldier-saviour n.
ΚΠ
1871 A. C. Swinburne Blessed among Women in Songs before Sunrise 11 A godlike soldier~saviour.
soldier-servant n.
ΚΠ
1794 W. B. Stevens Jrnl. 13 Feb. (1965) 135 Stables has displayed a boisterousness of temper..to his Soldier-Servant..which I cannot palliate.
1872 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. 186/2 An awkward soldier-servant.
b. Attributive.
soldier-caste n.
ΚΠ
1847 L. H. Kerr tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Servia 455 The immediate domination of the soldier-caste.
soldier-city n.
ΚΠ
1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess v. 94 Threading the soldier-city.
soldier-class n.
ΚΠ
1847 L. H. Kerr tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Servia 160 There was no soldier-class in Servia.
soldier-craft n.
ΚΠ
1855 S. Palmer in Gilchrist Life Blake I. 303 That we heard so much of priestcraft, and so little of soldiercraft and lawyercraft.
soldier education n.
ΚΠ
1844 C. J. Lever Tom Burke II. lxxi. 163 Even there, again, I but showed my soldier education.
soldier grace n.
ΚΠ
1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iii. v. 88 Then do me but the soldier grace, This glove upon thy helm to place.
soldier love n.
ΚΠ
a1835 F. D. Hemans Burial in Desert in Poet. Remains (1836) 103 With a few brief words of soldier-love.
soldier mind n.
ΚΠ
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. ii. ii. 105 How these things may act on the rude soldier-mind.
soldier settlement n.
ΚΠ
1921 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 25 Mar. 1/5 The opening for soldier settlement of about two townships from the Riding Mountain, Manitoba, reserve, will be held at the Dominion land office in Dauphin, Manitoba, in about two weeks.
1930 W. K. Hancock Australia vii. 141 It would..be not altogether unfair to separate soldier settlement from closer settlement, and to consider the former as part of the cost of the war.
1977 Weekly Times (Melbourne) 19 Jan. 39/2 The property remained in the Bell family until taken up under Soldier Settlement by Mr J. Smedley after World War 2.
soldier step n.
ΚΠ
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake vi. 244 At dawn the towers of Stirling rang, With soldier-step and weapon clang.
soldier suit n.
ΚΠ
1944 S. Bellow Dangling Man 182 I'd murder him, soldier suit or no soldier suit.
1977 H. Fast Immigrants ii. 141 If you have to put on that lousy soldier suit to live with yourself, then for Christ's sake become a medic or a clerk or something like that.
c. Miscellaneous, as soldier-breeder; soldier-hearted, soldier-mad adjs.; soldier-wise adv.
ΚΠ
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) v. ii. 205 Thou must therefore needes proue a good Souldier-breeder. View more context for this quotation
1824 T. Medwin Conv. with Byron II. 206 Lord Byron..became, as one of the letters from the place..expresses it, soldier-mad.
1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. i. xi. 77 They have shouldered, soldier-wise, their shovels and picks.
1848 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 353 They were buried soldier-fashion in the same grave.
1849 W. M. W. Call Reverberations ii. 4 Be thou wise and earnest, good and brave, Soldier-hearted.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
soldierv.
/ˈsəʊldʒə/, U.S. /ˈsoʊldʒər/ 1.
a. intransitive. To act or serve as a soldier. Also with it.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military service > serve as a soldier [verb (intransitive)]
to bear armsc1325
to take armsa1425
serve1430
war1535
to trail a pikec1550
sold1564
to follow the drum1575
to see and serve1590
soldierize1593
militate1625
soldier1647
be in buff1701
to go (a-)soldiering1756
α.
β. 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. v. 112 Thae papist cattle that hae been sodgering abroad.1852 J. Fraser King James V iii. ii He..said he would sodger nae mair.1647 R. Gentilis tr. B. Malvezzi Chiefe Events 187 If I souldiour it with so great a souldiour.
1815 Ann. Reg., Chron. App. 307 I will soldier it with anybody, but I will not go to school.
1825 in Col. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 287 Too busy soldiering to think of pheasant shooting.
1867 Morning Star 30 Jan. I have soldiered for six months at a stretch on a penny a day.
1889 Sat. Rev. 16 Mar. 319/1 They soldier as if their very lives depended on it.
b. In phrase to go (a-)soldiering.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military service > serve as a soldier [verb (intransitive)]
to bear armsc1325
to take armsa1425
serve1430
war1535
to trail a pikec1550
sold1564
to follow the drum1575
to see and serve1590
soldierize1593
militate1625
soldier1647
be in buff1701
to go (a-)soldiering1756
1756 H. Walpole Lett. (1846) III. 229 If you think of conveying them through Moreland, he is gone a soldiering.
1816 W. Scott Old Mortality vi, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. II. 136 This comes o' letting ye gang a sodgering for a day.
1845 G. P. R. James Arrah Neil I. vii. 141 It does not do to go soldiering in these times without money in one's pocket.
1896 Pall Mall Mag. Dec. 458 It was my mother's name, and good to go soldiering with.
Categories »
c. dialect. To bully; to hector. (Halliwell, 1847.)
d. To feign illness, to malinger; to make a mere show of working, to shirk.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > working > [verb (intransitive)] > do (too) little work
soldier1840
underwork1869
the world > health and disease > ill health > be in ill health [verb (intransitive)] > pretend illness
to maund Abraham1610
malinger1820
skulk1826
soldier1890
1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast iv. 32 There is no time to be lost,—no ‘sogering’, or hanging back, then.
1876 C. D. Warner Winter on Nile 248 They stretch out..so far that it needs an opera-glass to discover whether the leaders are pulling or only soldiering.
1890 W. C. Russell My Shipmate Louise I. vi. 119 Finding fault with some fellow for ‘sogering’, as it is called.
e. Military slang. To furbish up accoutrements, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military service > serve as a soldier [verb (intransitive)] > come on or off duty > furbish accoutrements, etc.
soldier1885
1885 J. H. Ewing Story Short Life iv. 35 I was busy soldiering till too late; so I come in this morning.
f. to soldier on: to persevere, to carry on doggedly.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > decision > perseverance or persistence > persevere or persist [verb (intransitive)]
continuec1340
perseverec1380
stick1447
to rub on1469
to stick unto ——1529
persist1531
to make it tougha1549
whilea1617
subsist1632
to rub along1668
let the world rub1677
dog1692
wade1714
to stem one's course1826
to stick in1853
to hang on1860
to worry along1871
to stay the course1885
slug1943
to slug it out1943
to bash on1950
to soldier on1954
to keep on trucking1972
1954 K. Amis Lucky Jim vii. 77 The eeriness..disconcerted him..but he soldiered pluckily on to his objective.
1959 Times 20 Aug. 3/6 Lomax soldiered on and at tea had made 68.
1963 Times 21 Feb. 13/2 To give the maximum increase to the new recruits..and to offer a much smaller percentage to men and women who have soldiered on into the thirties and forties is a division hard to justify.
1978 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Med. 71 648 The alternatives are to let the patient soldier on, or to take the radical approach of abdominoperineal resection.
2. transitive.
a. ? To drill or train.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > teaching > training > train [verb (transitive)] > drill or rehearse
exercise1388
exercite1475
practise1551
rehearse1768
parrot1775
soldier1780
drill1798
1780 S. J. Pratt Emma Corbett I. xxxii. 107 Confess, that I am sufficiently soldier'd; for I can hold the pen, and impress the quiet-seeming sentiment.
b. To serve out one's time as a soldier.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military service > make into soldier [verb (transitive)] > serve out (one's time)
soldier1873
1873 Daily News 21 May 5/6 A man may soldier out his term in the British cavalry [etc.].
c. Australian slang. To make temporary use of (another man's horse).
ΚΠ
1891 in Cent. Dict.
Derivatives
ˈsoldiering adj.
ΚΠ
1607 T. Middleton Phoenix sig. A4v Enter the Captaine with Souldiering fellowes.
1795 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 780 The wild Scot o' Galloway, Sogering gunpowder B—r.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
n.a1300
v.1607