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单词 sorb
释义

sorbn.1

Brit. /sɔːb/, U.S. /sɔrb/
Etymology: < French sorbe, or < Latin sorbum service-berry, sorbus service-tree. Compare serve n.1 So Dutch and Flemish sorbe, obsolete German sorbe, sorb.
1. The fruit of the service-tree ( Pyrus domestica); a service-berry.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > pear > fruit of service-tree
servec1350
aleysa1425
service1530
sorb1530
sorb-apple1548
corm1578
service apple1600
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 272/2 Sorbe, a kynde of frute, sorbe.
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde ii. i. f. 56 A certeyne sweetnes myxte with a gentell sharpnes, as haue the frutes cauled Sorbes.
1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Sorb, a kinde of fruit, called a Service.
1853 A. Soyer Pantropheon 305 Several other kinds of fruits, such as sorbs, medlars, and mulberries.
1889 Edinb. Rev. Apr. 472 Her native fruits were merely nuts and poor berries, masts, sorbs, and crabs.
2.
a. The service-tree ( Pyrus domestica).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > pear-tree > service-tree
service1510
service tree1510
sorb-apple1548
sorb1555
corm1578
whitty-treea1697
Sorbus1706
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde ii. i. f. 56 Sorbes are cauled in french Cormier; they grow not in Englande.
1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 357 The Quick Beam or wild Sorb, by some called the Irish Ash.
1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 460 True Service, or Sorb.
1845 R. Browning Eng. in Italy in Bells & Pomegranates No. VII: Dramatic Romances & Lyrics 138 [To] strip from the sorbs A treasure so rosy and wondrous, Of hairy gold orbs!
b. = service n.2 1, service tree n. 2a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > berry-bush or -tree > [noun] > wild service-tree
wild service tree1597
wild service1633
sorb1777
whitten pear tree1830
1777 E. Jacob Plantæ Favershamienses 69 Cratægus torminalis, the common or wild Service-tree, or Sorb.
1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 458 Wild Service-tree, or Sorb.
c. The rowan-tree; = service tree n. 2d.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > berry-bush or -tree > [noun] > mountain ash
quick treeeOE
wycheOE
quickena1400
foldc1420
rowan-tree1483
quickbeam?1537
wild ash1552
field ash1578
mountain ash1597
quicken berry1597
whitten1633
witchen1664
quickenberry tree1671
wicky1681
rowan1751
narrow-leaved service tree1793
sorb1796
bastard mountain ash1800
roundwood1846
fowler's service tree1859
1796 W. Marshall Rural Econ. W. Eng. II. 30 The Birch, the Mountain Sorb, and the Larch, if judiciously propagated, would flourish,..on the bleakest exposures.
1799 W. Nicol Pract. Planter 18 The Mountain Ash, or Sorb, would exuberate here, and assist in nursing the Oak [etc.].

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as sorb-leaved adj., sorb-tree.
ΚΠ
1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. G.iiijv This tree maye be called in englishe a sorb tree, and the fruite a sorb Appel.
1789 J. Pilkington View Derbyshire I. viii. 405 Sorbus domestica. True Service, or Sorb-tree.
1845 Florist Jrnl. 156 The sorb-leaved spirea is well known as an inhabitant of shrubberies.
1849 J. A. Carlyle tr. Dante Inferno xv. 175 Amongst the tart sorb-trees, it befits not the sweet fig to fructify.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

Sorbn.2

Brit. /sɔːb/, U.S. /sɔrb/
Forms: Also Sorbe.
Etymology: < German Sorbe, variant of Serbe , representing the national designation Serb (plural Serbjo ): compare Serb n. and adj.The o may be due to the influence of medieval Latin Sorabi : see Sorabian adj. and n.
1. A member of the Slavonic race inhabiting Lusatia in the east of Saxony; a Wend.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > Slav people > [noun] > Wends or Sorbs > person
Serb1695
Wend1786
Sorbian1836
Wendian1838
Sorb1843
Sorabian1851
1843 Penny Cycl. XXVI. 206/1 Sorbes or Sorabes, between the rivers Saale and Elbe.
1883 W. R. Morfill Slavonic Lit. x. 248 The term is still applied to the Sorbs and the Slovenes.
1886 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 353/1 The Sorbs had been reduced to a condition of miserable serfdom.
2. The language spoken by this race.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Lechitic > Sorbian
Wendish1617
Wendic1848
Sorabian1851
Sorb1862
Lusatian1877
Sorbian1877
Sorbish1883
1862 R. G. Latham Elements Compar. Philol. 629 The Sorb, Serb, or Sorabian of Lusatia,..intermediate to the Bohemian and the Polish.
1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 147/2 Thus Chekh, Polish, Lower Sorb, ten; Upper Sorbish, ton.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

sorbv.

Brit. /sɔːb/, U.S. /sɔrb/
Etymology: Back-formation < sorption n., after absorb, absorption.
Physical Chemistry.
a. transitive. To collect by sorption. Also absol.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > collect by sorption
sorb1909
1909 J. W. McBain in London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 18 918 An idea of the quality of the carbon employed may be obtained from the amount of gas sorbed by it in actual experiment.
1938 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 167 407 The two zeolites in the form of three-dimensional networks sorb ammonia copiously without ammoniate formation.
1954 P. Alexander & R. F. Hudson Wool viii. 261 When wool is immersed in hydrogen peroxide, some is initially sorbed by the amino and imino groups without reaction.
1970 New Scientist 2 July 9/3 Papers with inked designs sorb best on the inked areas.
1972 Physics Bull. Oct. 583/1 This has the advantage that exhausted water vapour is not sorbed by the trap on the fine side of the pump.
b. intransitive for passive.
ΚΠ
1970 New Scientist 2 July 9/3 The SO2 sorbs strongly to these sweat patches.

Derivatives

sorbed adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [adjective] > of or relating to named chemical reactions or processes > of or relating to sorption > collected by
sorbed1909
1909 London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 6th Ser. 18 923 The total amount of sorbed gas is 67·70 c.c.
1975 Nature 28 Aug. 719/1 The Mg ion of dehydrated offretite should have a strong electrostatic field around it, and sorbed molecules should be strongly attracted to form a complex.
ˈsorbing adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [adjective] > of or relating to named chemical reactions or processes > of or relating to sorption > collecting by
sorbing1921
1921 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 119 454 Experimental results have always been obtained by shaking a certain volume of a solution of known strength with a known amount of sorbing material such as charcoal, and analysing a sample of the remaining solution.
1946 Nature 5 Oct. 475/1 Compact, non~porous sorbing media such as wool.
ˈsorbate n.2 [after distillate, filtrate, etc.] that which is sorbed.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [noun] > chemical reactions or processes (named) > sorption > that which is sorbed
sorbate1928
1928 London, Edinb. & Dublin Philos. Mag. 7th Ser. 5 749 A revised conception of the mutual relations of sorbent and sorbate in cases where the ‘power’ time-equation holds.
1949 Discussions Faraday Soc. VII. 136 Gmelinite and chabazite occlude a still greater variety of sorbates.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.11530n.21843v.1909
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