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单词 spauld
释义

spauldn.

Brit. /spɔːld/, U.S. /spɔld/, /spɑld/, Scottish English /spɔld/
Forms: α. Middle English, 1500s, 1800s spald, Middle English spalde, spaulde, Middle English– spauld. β. Middle English spaude, Middle English spawd(e, 1800s spaud. γ. Middle English, 1700s–1800s spaul, 1800s spawl, spoale, spaw, 1700s spole.
Etymology: < Old French espalde, *espaulde, espaule, espalle (modern French épaule , = Provençal espatla , Spanish espalda , Portuguese espalda , Italian spalla ) shoulder < Latin spatula spatula n.
Now Scottish and northern.
1. The shoulder in people or animals; a shoulder of an animal used for food.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > part or joint of animal > [noun] > shoulder
spauld1305
shoulderc1330
spule1803
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > back > shoulder > [noun]
shouldera700
axlec1000
spauld1305
asselea1500
spall1590
spule1803
α.
1305–6 in Cal. Documents Scotl. (1888) IV. 392 Pro..cxxxvj carcosiis bovium et ij spauld et ccciij baconibus.
1338 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 35 In spald et brusket' emp., 12d.
a1400 Sir Perc. 796 I kepe nothynge of thi coste Ne noghte of thi spalde.
c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 59 Spaulde de Motoun.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid x. xii. 60 The bustuus swyne..With spaldis hard and harsk.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid x. xiv. 157 The knycht..Foundris fordwart flatlingis on hys spald.
c1570 in Bannatyne MS. (Hunterian Club) 269/37 For sen thay red amang our durris, With splent on spald and rousty spurris.
a1585 A. Montgomerie Flyting with Polwart 304 With bockblood and bean~shaw, speven sprung in the spald.
1802 in W. Scott Minstrelsy Sc. Border I. 129 With spur on heel and splent on spauld.
1820 J. Hogg Shepherd's Cal. (1829) I. i. 32 Some entire carcasses hung by the neck, some by a spauld.
1881 D. Maclagan in D. H. Edwards Mod. Sc. Poets 3rd Ser. 180 Baith strang o' limb an' braid o' spauld.
β. c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 485 Þe spaude [printed spande] was þe first brede.c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 155 Of woundis of þe spaude... Þe spawde is oon of þe iiij. boonys, þe which þat makþ þe foorme of þe schuldre.c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 63 Spawdys de Motoun.c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 467/2 Spawde, spatula.1483 Cath. Angl. 352 A Spawde, armus.γ. c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 165 If þer go ony breeþ þere, it wole do harme to þe spaulis.1718 A. Ramsay Christ's-kirk on Green iii. 28 Wae-worth your drunken Saul! Quoth she, and lap out or'e a Stool, And claught him be the Spaul.a1723 in Child Ballads III. 342/1 Vnder the spole of his right arme Hee smote Sir Andrew quite throw the hart.1724 A. Ramsay Vision in Ever Green I. v A various rainbow-colourt plaid Owre his left spaul he threw.1788 E. Picken Poems & Epist. 59 For they, some night,..Might lug us by the spaul to Satan.1899 Cumbld. Gloss. 309/2 Spoale,..a butcher's term for the cut between the neck and the forecrop; the thin or flat portion of the shoulder blade.
2. transferred. A limb, leg, etc.; any joint of the carcass of a beast or bird.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > part or joint of animal > [noun]
spauld?a1513
joint1576
lift1688
primal1972
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > body and limbs > [noun] > limb
limb971
spauld?a1513
ankle1542
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > constituent materials > [noun] > joint
jointc1290
spauld?a1513
ply1575
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 220 I wald be spurrit at everie spald.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 87 The theif takar suld haif the forder spald.
1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxiv. 47 At euerie port a spald of the to hing, As tratouris sould, for schuitting vnder trest.
1718 A. Ramsay Christ's-kirk on Green ii. 21 Wi hind and fore Spawl of a Sheep.
1774 D. Graham Impartial Hist. Rebellion (ed. 3) ix. 92 Their Brigadier In every spaul did quake for fear.
1807–10 R. Tannahill Poems (1846) 30 She tore poor chucky spawl frae spawl.
1831 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae lv, in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 564 For half a mile, the bubbly, being longer in the spald, would outstep the gander.
3. black spauld n. Scottish a disease of cattle; black quarter, quarter-evil, or quarter-ill.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of cattle, horse, or sheep > [noun] > disorders of cattle or sheep > quarter-ill
quarter evila1722
black quarter1768
hyan1789
spauld-ill1793
quarter-ail1794
quarter ill1797
black spauld1807
1807 Prize Ess. & Trans. Highland Soc. Scotl. 3 368 Mr. J. Hog says..that it is the same disease with the black spauld, which prevails among the young cattle in the west of Scotland, when the grasses fail.

Compounds

spauld-bone n. the shoulder-bone (cf. spade-bone n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > shoulder-girdle > [noun] > shoulder bone
shoulder bladea1300
shoulder bladea1300
shoulder-bonec1320
spauld-bonec1400
omoplate?a1425
scapple1578
scapula1578
shield-bonec1600
spade-bone1612
plate-bonea1665
speal-bone1771
blade-bone1845
c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 155 Þe spawde-boon is þinne & brood twoward þe schuldris & in hise endis gristly.
1828 [see spauld-piece n.].
spauld-ill n. quarter-ill (cf. sense 3).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of cattle, horse, or sheep > [noun] > disorders of cattle or sheep > quarter-ill
quarter evila1722
black quarter1768
hyan1789
spauld-ill1793
quarter-ail1794
quarter ill1797
black spauld1807
1793 D. Ure Hist. Rutherglen 191 The Spalliel [sic] in young cattle, is sometimes cured by [etc.].
spauld-piece n. (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > beef > [noun] > other cuts or parts
tild1342
ox foota1398
oxtaila1425
neat's foot?c1450
beef-flick1462
sticking piece1469
ox-tonguea1475
aitch-bone1486
fore-crop?1523
sirloin1525
mouse-piece1530
ox-cheek1592
neat's tongue1600
clod1601
sticking place1601
skink1631
neck beef1640
round1660
ox-heart1677
runner1688
sticking draught1688
brisket-beef1697
griskin1699
sey1719
chuck1723
shin1736
gravy beef1747
baron of beef1755
prime rib1759
rump and dozen1778
mouse buttock1818
slifta1825
nine holes1825
spauld-piece1828
trembling-piece1833
shoulder-lyar1844
butt1845
plate1854
plate-rand1854
undercut1859
silver-side1861
bed1864
wing rib1883
roll1884
strip-loin1884
hind1892
topside1896
rib-eye1926
buttock meat1966
onglet1982
1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Spaw-bone, the blade bone or shoulder bone. Hence, a piece of beef cut from the shoulder with a part of this bone, is called the spaw-piece.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1305
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