spermato-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Etymology: < Greek σπερματο-, combining form of the stem of σπέρμα sperm n., employed in a large number of terms (chiefly of recent origin) relating to the reproductive organs or activities of animals and plants.Some of these are employed only in Latin forms, as spermatocystidium, -cystis, -cystitis, etc., and others have had very little currency even in special works. A number have alternative forms in sperma- or spermo-.

1. In terms denoting special reproductive organs, or parts of these. Some of these are the source of adjective forms, as spermatoblastic, spermato-cystic, spermato-gonial, spermato-gonic, etc.

spermatoblast n.

Brit.

/ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)blɑːst/

/ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)blast/

U.S.

/ˈspərmədəˌblæst/

/ˌspərˈmædəˌblæst/

ΚΠ

1882 Imperial Dict. IV. 155/1 Spermatoblast,..certain stalk~like filaments in the seminal ducts upon which the spermatozoa are developed.

1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 412/1 To the whole prolongation with its lobes he [Von Ebner] applies the term spermatoblast.

spermatocyst n.

Brit.

/ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)sɪst/

U.S.

/ˈspərmədəˌsɪst/

/ˌspərˈmædəˌsɪst/

ΚΠ

1884 Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 61 The first stages in the development of the spermatocyst of Hydra.

spermatogemma n.

Brit.

/ˌspəːmətəˈdʒɛmə/

U.S.

/ˌspərmədəˈdʒɛmə/

/ˌspərˌmædəˈdʒɛmə/

ΚΠ

1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 413/1 The spermatogemma meanwhile is developing a central cavity.

spermatogone n.

Brit.

/ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)ɡəʊn/

U.S.

/ˈspərmədəˌɡoʊn/

/ˌspərˈmædəˌɡoʊn/

ΚΠ

1898 A. S. Packard Text-bk. Entomol. 499 A colossal cell,..the spermatogone, from which the entire contents of the testes originate.

spermatomere n.

Brit.

/ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)mɪə/

U.S.

/ˈspərmədəˌmɪ(ə)r/

/ˌspərˈmædəˌmɪ(ə)r/

ΚΠ

1886 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 26 597 The region where the spermatogonia are formed at the expense of their mother-cells or spermatomeres.

spermatospore n.

Brit.

/ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)spɔː/

U.S.

/ˈspərmədəˌspɔr/

/ˌspərˈmædəˌspɔr/

ΚΠ

1880 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 83 The term spermatospore..is applied to the constituent cells of a testis, derived from the primitive germ-epithelium.

spermatocyte n.

Brit.

/ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)sʌɪt/

U.S.

/ˈspərmədəˌsaɪt/

/ˌspərˈmædəˌsaɪt/

a cell which gives rise to spermatids by meiosis; the primary spermatocyte gives rise in meiosis I to two secondary spermatocytes, which each give rise in meiosis II to two spermatids.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > sperm > sperm cell

spermatoon1852

spermatogonium1861

spermatocyte1886

spermatid1889

primary spermatocyte1896

spermogonium1913

1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 412/2 One kind..divide into a mass or spermatogemma of small cells (spermatocytes).

1920 L. Doncaster Introd. Study Cytol. v. 61 After a number of divisions..the spermatogonia and oogonia cease to divide and begin to increase considerably in size. At this stage they are called primary spermatocytes..and oocytes.

1959 W. Andrew Textbk. Compar. Histol. xii. 490 [In fishes] spermatogenesis consists of the same general cytological stages as in the invertebrates: namely, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa.

1970 E. J. Ambrose & D. M. Easty Cell Biol. xii. 390 Only one ovum is formed from each oöcyte in contradistinction to the four sperm formed from each spermatocyte.

spermatogonial n.

Brit.

/ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈɡəʊnɪəl/

U.S.

/ˌspərmədəˈɡoʊniəl/

/ˌspərˌmædəˈɡoʊniəl/

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [adjective] > sperm > sperm cell

spermatogonial1902

spermatidal1975

1902 Biol. Bull. 3 44 In the case of the accessory chromosome, it has been found advantageous to trace its course through the spermatogonial divisions in Brachystola, and through the spermatocyte changes in Hippiscus.

1976 Nature 22 Jan. 209/1 After 600 rad of X rays, the mean spermatogonial mutation rate was one-third that of the 7-locus mean.

spermatogonium n.

Brit.

/ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈɡəʊnɪəm/

U.S.

/ˌspərmədəˈɡoʊniəm/

/ˌspərˌmædəˈɡoʊniəm/

(a) Botany (see quot. 1957); (b) Zoology a primordial male reproductive cell which undergoes mitosis and gives rise to primary spermatocytes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > spore or sporule > [noun] > type of > spermatium or spermogonium

spermatium1856

spermogone1856

spermogonium1857

spermagonium1861

spermatogonium1861

spermatophore1861

spermagone1876

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > sperm > sperm cell

spermatoon1852

spermatogonium1861

spermatocyte1886

spermatid1889

primary spermatocyte1896

spermogonium1913

1861 R. Bentley Man. Bot. i. v. 385 The spermagonia or spermatogonia [in Lichens] were first discovered by Tulasne.

1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 412/2 One kind, resembling young ovules, which he [Von La Valette St. George] terms primitive seminal cells or spermatogonia.

1957 W. H. Snell & E. A. Dick Gloss. Mycol. 144/2 Spermatogonium, the proper form for what is called ‘spermogonium’.., but seldom used.

1968 R. Passmore & J. S. Robson Compan. Med. Stud. I. xxxvii. 27/2 Spermatogonia show little sign of activity until puberty when they begin to multiply rapidly.

1970 E. J. Ambrose & D. M. Easty Cell Biol. x. 330 In the female the oögonia, corresponding to spermatogonia, give rise to oöcytes.

1974 Sci. Amer. Sept. 56/3 In the course of spermatogenesis the two important objectives are reduction of the chromosome number from the diploid number (46) of the spermatogonium to the haploid number (23) of the spermatozoon and the preparation of the spermatozoon for its role in fertilization.

3. In some other nouns and adjectives with second elements of obvious meaning.

spermatophoral adj.

Brit.

/ˌspəːməˈtɒf(ə)rəl/

U.S.

/ˌspərməˈtɑf(ə)rəl/

ΚΠ

1888 G. B. Howes & D. H. Scott Huxley & Martin's Course Pract. Biol. (rev. ed) iv. 291 The spermatophoral gland or flagellum.

spermatophorous adj.

Brit.

/ˌspəːməˈtɒf(ə)rəs/

U.S.

/ˌspərməˈtɑf(ə)rəs/

ΚΠ

1846 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 6) 695/2 Spermatophorous, sperm-bearing. The cells or granules in the sperm have been so called.

spermatopœic adj.

Brit.

/ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈpiːɪk/

U.S.

/ˌspərmədəˈpiɪk/

/ˌspərˌmædəˈpiɪk/

ΚΠ

1799 Monthly Rev. 30 521 A curious restorative and spermatopoeic sugar-candy of the Japanese.

spermatorrhœa n.

Brit.

/ˌspəːmətəˈrɪə/

U.S.

/ˌspərmədəˈriə/

/ˌspərˌmædəˈriə/

ΚΠ

1858 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 1180/2 Spermatorrhœa,..seminal flux.

1876 T. Bryant Pract. Surg. (ed. 2) II. xxiv. 222 Spermatorrhœa..doubtless exists as a disease, although..rare.

spermatospore n.

Brit.

/ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)spɔː/

U.S.

/ˈspərmədəˌspɔr/

/ˌspərˈmædəˌspɔr/

spermatocidal adj.

Brit.

/ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈsʌɪdl/

U.S.

/ˌspərmədəˈsaɪd(ə)l/

/ˌspərˌmædəˈsaɪd(ə)l/

= spermicidal adj. at spermicide n. Derivatives.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > contraception or birth control > [adjective] > spermicidal

spermatocidal1928

spermicidal1929

spermaticidal1934

1928 Funk & Wagnalls New Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. 2337/3 Spermatocidal, checking or killing the motor-power of spermatozoa.

1937 A. J. Clark Appl. Pharmacol. (ed. 6) xxvi. 582 Quinine and chinosol, which are very widely used as contraceptives have very little spermatocidal action.

spermatocide n.

Brit.

/ˈspəːmətəsʌɪd/

U.S.

/ˈspərmədəˌsaɪd/

/ˌspərˈmædəˌsaɪd/

= spermicide n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > contraception or birth control > [noun] > a contraceptive > spermicide

spermacide1908

spermaticide1923

spermicide1931

spermatocide1949

1949 Blakiston's New Gould Med. Dict. Spermatocide.

spermatogenesis n.

Brit.

/ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnᵻsɪs/

U.S.

/ˌspərmədəˈdʒɛnəsəs/

/ˌspərˌmædəˈdʒɛnəsəs/

the formation and development of spermatozoa (cf. spermiogenesis n.); so spermatogeˈnetic, spermatoˈgenic, adjs., spermatoˈgenically adv.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > fecundation or impregnation > [noun] > development of spermatozoa

spermatogenesis1880

spermiogenesis1920

1880 Allman in Linn. Soc. Jrnl., Zool. XV. 136 These I regard as the remains of the spermatogenic tissue.

1881 Athenæum 11 June 787/1 M. Mathias Duval on spermatogenesis.

1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 412/1 The process of spermatogenesis in the Bull, Dog, and Rabbit.

1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 412/1 Ascribing spermatogenetic functions both to the spermatoblasts and to the round cells.

1978 P. J. Hogarth Biol. Reprod. ii. 11 The final phase of spermatogenesis in the testes is known as spermiogenesis.., and consists of the progressive conversion, without division, of the spermatids into functional spermatozoa.

1980 Nature 10 Apr. 548/1 Spermatogenically active testes.

1980 D. J. Begley et al. Human Reprod. iii. 30/2 Following spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis, which take about 64 days in man, sperm pass through the rete into the epididymis.

spermatology n.

Brit.

/ˌspəːməˈtɒlədʒi/

U.S.

/ˌspərməˈtɑlədʒi/

†(a) a treatise on sperm; (b) the scientific study of sperm.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > study > [noun] > spermology

spermatology1833

spermology1882

the world > life > the body > study of body > study of other parts > [noun] > of sperm

spermatology1833

1833 R. Dunglison New Dict. Med. Sci. II. 312/2 Spermatology, a treatise on sperm.

1970 B. A. Afzelius in B. Baccetti Compar. Spermatol. 568 In spite of the great efforts to solve the problems in comparative spermatology we find ourselves confronted with more questions than answers.

1976 T. Sharpe Wilt iv. 32 He got the Nobel prize for spermatology.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	spermato-
释义	spermato-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Etymology: < Greek σπερματο-, combining form of the stem of σπέρμα sperm n., employed in a large number of terms (chiefly of recent origin) relating to the reproductive organs or activities of animals and plants.Some of these are employed only in Latin forms, as spermatocystidium, -cystis, -cystitis, etc., and others have had very little currency even in special works. A number have alternative forms in sperma- or spermo-. 1. In terms denoting special reproductive organs, or parts of these. Some of these are the source of adjective forms, as spermatoblastic, spermato-cystic, spermato-gonial, spermato-gonic, etc. spermatoblast n. Brit. /ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)blɑːst/ , /ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)blast/ , U.S. /ˈspərmədəˌblæst/ , /ˌspərˈmædəˌblæst/ ΚΠ 1882 Imperial Dict. IV. 155/1 Spermatoblast,..certain stalk~like filaments in the seminal ducts upon which the spermatozoa are developed. 1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 412/1 To the whole prolongation with its lobes he [Von Ebner] applies the term spermatoblast. spermatocyst n. Brit. /ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)sɪst/ , U.S. /ˈspərmədəˌsɪst/ , /ˌspərˈmædəˌsɪst/ ΚΠ 1884 Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 61 The first stages in the development of the spermatocyst of Hydra. spermatogemma n. Brit. /ˌspəːmətəˈdʒɛmə/ , U.S. /ˌspərmədəˈdʒɛmə/ , /ˌspərˌmædəˈdʒɛmə/ ΚΠ 1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 413/1 The spermatogemma meanwhile is developing a central cavity. spermatogone n. Brit. /ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)ɡəʊn/ , U.S. /ˈspərmədəˌɡoʊn/ , /ˌspərˈmædəˌɡoʊn/ ΚΠ 1898 A. S. Packard Text-bk. Entomol. 499 A colossal cell,..the spermatogone, from which the entire contents of the testes originate. spermatomere n. Brit. /ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)mɪə/ , U.S. /ˈspərmədəˌmɪ(ə)r/ , /ˌspərˈmædəˌmɪ(ə)r/ ΚΠ 1886 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 26 597 The region where the spermatogonia are formed at the expense of their mother-cells or spermatomeres. spermatospore n. Brit. /ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)spɔː/ , U.S. /ˈspərmədəˌspɔr/ , /ˌspərˈmædəˌspɔr/ ΚΠ 1880 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 83 The term spermatospore..is applied to the constituent cells of a testis, derived from the primitive germ-epithelium. 2. spermatocyte n. Brit. /ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)sʌɪt/ , U.S. /ˈspərmədəˌsaɪt/ , /ˌspərˈmædəˌsaɪt/ a cell which gives rise to spermatids by meiosis; the primary spermatocyte gives rise in meiosis I to two secondary spermatocytes, which each give rise in meiosis II to two spermatids. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > sperm > sperm cell spermatoon1852 spermatogonium1861 spermatocyte1886 spermatid1889 primary spermatocyte1896 spermogonium1913 1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 412/2 One kind..divide into a mass or spermatogemma of small cells (spermatocytes). 1920 L. Doncaster Introd. Study Cytol. v. 61 After a number of divisions..the spermatogonia and oogonia cease to divide and begin to increase considerably in size. At this stage they are called primary spermatocytes..and oocytes. 1959 W. Andrew Textbk. Compar. Histol. xii. 490 [In fishes] spermatogenesis consists of the same general cytological stages as in the invertebrates: namely, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa. 1970 E. J. Ambrose & D. M. Easty Cell Biol. xii. 390 Only one ovum is formed from each oöcyte in contradistinction to the four sperm formed from each spermatocyte. spermatogonial n. Brit. /ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈɡəʊnɪəl/ , U.S. /ˌspərmədəˈɡoʊniəl/ , /ˌspərˌmædəˈɡoʊniəl/ ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [adjective] > sperm > sperm cell spermatogonial1902 spermatidal1975 1902 Biol. Bull. 3 44 In the case of the accessory chromosome, it has been found advantageous to trace its course through the spermatogonial divisions in Brachystola, and through the spermatocyte changes in Hippiscus. 1976 Nature 22 Jan. 209/1 After 600 rad of X rays, the mean spermatogonial mutation rate was one-third that of the 7-locus mean. spermatogonium n. Brit. /ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈɡəʊnɪəm/ , U.S. /ˌspərmədəˈɡoʊniəm/ , /ˌspərˌmædəˈɡoʊniəm/ (a) Botany (see quot. 1957); (b) Zoology a primordial male reproductive cell which undergoes mitosis and gives rise to primary spermatocytes. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > spore or sporule > [noun] > type of > spermatium or spermogonium spermatium1856 spermogone1856 spermogonium1857 spermagonium1861 spermatogonium1861 spermatophore1861 spermagone1876 the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > sperm > sperm cell spermatoon1852 spermatogonium1861 spermatocyte1886 spermatid1889 primary spermatocyte1896 spermogonium1913 1861 R. Bentley Man. Bot. i. v. 385 The spermagonia or spermatogonia [in Lichens] were first discovered by Tulasne. 1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 412/2 One kind, resembling young ovules, which he [Von La Valette St. George] terms primitive seminal cells or spermatogonia. 1957 W. H. Snell & E. A. Dick Gloss. Mycol. 144/2 Spermatogonium, the proper form for what is called ‘spermogonium’.., but seldom used. 1959 W. Andrew Textbk. Compar. Histol. xii. 490 [In fishes] spermatogenesis consists of the same general cytological stages as in the invertebrates: namely, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa. 1968 R. Passmore & J. S. Robson Compan. Med. Stud. I. xxxvii. 27/2 Spermatogonia show little sign of activity until puberty when they begin to multiply rapidly. 1970 E. J. Ambrose & D. M. Easty Cell Biol. x. 330 In the female the oögonia, corresponding to spermatogonia, give rise to oöcytes. 1974 Sci. Amer. Sept. 56/3 In the course of spermatogenesis the two important objectives are reduction of the chromosome number from the diploid number (46) of the spermatogonium to the haploid number (23) of the spermatozoon and the preparation of the spermatozoon for its role in fertilization. 3. In some other nouns and adjectives with second elements of obvious meaning. spermatophoral adj. Brit. /ˌspəːməˈtɒf(ə)rəl/ , U.S. /ˌspərməˈtɑf(ə)rəl/ ΚΠ 1888 G. B. Howes & D. H. Scott Huxley & Martin's Course Pract. Biol. (rev. ed) iv. 291 The spermatophoral gland or flagellum. spermatophorous adj. Brit. /ˌspəːməˈtɒf(ə)rəs/ , U.S. /ˌspərməˈtɑf(ə)rəs/ ΚΠ 1846 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 6) 695/2 Spermatophorous, sperm-bearing. The cells or granules in the sperm have been so called. spermatopœic adj. Brit. /ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈpiːɪk/ , U.S. /ˌspərmədəˈpiɪk/ , /ˌspərˌmædəˈpiɪk/ ΚΠ 1799 Monthly Rev. 30 521 A curious restorative and spermatopoeic sugar-candy of the Japanese. spermatorrhœa n. Brit. /ˌspəːmətəˈrɪə/ , U.S. /ˌspərmədəˈriə/ , /ˌspərˌmædəˈriə/ ΚΠ 1858 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 1180/2 Spermatorrhœa,..seminal flux. 1876 T. Bryant Pract. Surg. (ed. 2) II. xxiv. 222 Spermatorrhœa..doubtless exists as a disease, although..rare. spermatospore n. Brit. /ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)spɔː/ , U.S. /ˈspərmədəˌspɔr/ , /ˌspərˈmædəˌspɔr/ 4. spermatocidal adj. Brit. /ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈsʌɪdl/ , U.S. /ˌspərmədəˈsaɪd(ə)l/ , /ˌspərˌmædəˈsaɪd(ə)l/ = spermicidal adj. at spermicide n. Derivatives. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > contraception or birth control > [adjective] > spermicidal spermatocidal1928 spermicidal1929 spermaticidal1934 1928 Funk & Wagnalls New Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. 2337/3 Spermatocidal, checking or killing the motor-power of spermatozoa. 1937 A. J. Clark Appl. Pharmacol. (ed. 6) xxvi. 582 Quinine and chinosol, which are very widely used as contraceptives have very little spermatocidal action. spermatocide n. Brit. /ˈspəːmətəsʌɪd/ , U.S. /ˈspərmədəˌsaɪd/ , /ˌspərˈmædəˌsaɪd/ = spermicide n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > contraception or birth control > [noun] > a contraceptive > spermicide spermacide1908 spermaticide1923 spermicide1931 spermatocide1949 1949 Blakiston's New Gould Med. Dict. Spermatocide. spermatogenesis n. Brit. /ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnᵻsɪs/ , U.S. /ˌspərmədəˈdʒɛnəsəs/ , /ˌspərˌmædəˈdʒɛnəsəs/ the formation and development of spermatozoa (cf. spermiogenesis n.); so spermatogeˈnetic, spermatoˈgenic, adjs., spermatoˈgenically adv. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > fecundation or impregnation > [noun] > development of spermatozoa spermatogenesis1880 spermiogenesis1920 1880 Allman in Linn. Soc. Jrnl., Zool. XV. 136 These I regard as the remains of the spermatogenic tissue. 1881 Athenæum 11 June 787/1 M. Mathias Duval on spermatogenesis. 1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 412/1 The process of spermatogenesis in the Bull, Dog, and Rabbit. 1886 Encycl. Brit. XX. 412/1 Ascribing spermatogenetic functions both to the spermatoblasts and to the round cells. 1978 P. J. Hogarth Biol. Reprod. ii. 11 The final phase of spermatogenesis in the testes is known as spermiogenesis.., and consists of the progressive conversion, without division, of the spermatids into functional spermatozoa. 1980 Nature 10 Apr. 548/1 Spermatogenically active testes. 1980 D. J. Begley et al. Human Reprod. iii. 30/2 Following spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis, which take about 64 days in man, sperm pass through the rete into the epididymis. spermatology n. Brit. /ˌspəːməˈtɒlədʒi/ , U.S. /ˌspərməˈtɑlədʒi/ †(a) a treatise on sperm; (b) the scientific study of sperm. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > study > [noun] > spermology spermatology1833 spermology1882 the world > life > the body > study of body > study of other parts > [noun] > of sperm spermatology1833 1833 R. Dunglison New Dict. Med. Sci. II. 312/2 Spermatology, a treatise on sperm. 1970 B. A. Afzelius in B. Baccetti Compar. Spermatol. 568 In spite of the great efforts to solve the problems in comparative spermatology we find ourselves confronted with more questions than answers. 1976 T. Sharpe Wilt iv. 32 He got the Nobel prize for spermatology. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1799
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