spiritus lenisn.

Brit.

/ˌspɪrᵻtəs ˈliːnɪs/,

/ˌspɪrᵻtʊs ˈleɪnɪs/, U.S.

/ˌspɪrədəs ˈlinᵻs/,

/ˌspɪrəˌtʊs ˈleɪnᵻs/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin spiritus lenis.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin spiritus lenis (5th or 6th cent. in Priscian) < classical Latin spīritus breath, aspiration, spirit (see spirit n.) + lēnis smooth (see lenis adj.), after Hellenistic Greek πνεῦμα ψιλόν . Compare spiritus asper n. and later smooth breathing n. at smooth adj. Compounds 1a.

An unaspirated sound or letter; the diacritic (᾿) used in polytonic Greek orthography to show that a letter (typically an initial vowel) is not aspirated; a smooth breathing (cf. breathing n. 9). Hence (occasionally): this symbol or another used similarly in writing another language.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by manner > [noun] > aspirate > aspiration > smooth breathing

spiritus lenis1625

smooth breathing1746

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. xvii. 181 F..stands also for a note of the spiritus lenis.

1649 C. Raue Gen. Grammer in Disc. Orientall Tongues (new ed.) 104 A simple e..cald by the Grecians the spiritus lenis and he the spiritus asper.

1729 tr. C. Lancelot et al. Treat. Greek Accents ii. 81 Conjunctions have the Spiritus lenis, excepting a few.

1799 J. Adams Pronunc. Eng. Lang. Vindicated 49 In Greek, when two r's occur, the first receives the spiritus lenis, the second the asper.

1867 tr. A. Vlachos New Pract. & Easy Method learning Mod. Greek Lang. i. 5 The modern Greek language uses..two aspirates in words beginning with a vowel 1. the soft aspirate (spiritus lenis) ᾿. 2. the rough aspirate (spiritus asper) ῾.

1888 J. E. King & C. Cookson Princ. Sound & Inflexion Greek & Lat. viii. 171 An initial Indo-European..i becomes the spiritus asper, sometimes changed to spiritus lenis.

1914 Mod. Lang. Rev. 9 105 If it [sc. the glottal catch] really had a highly distinctive quality why did it not receive the honour of a separate symbol like the Hebrew and Arabic spiritus lenis?

1948 D. Diringer Alphabet viii. 458 By adopting this system of rough and smooth breathing (spiritus asper and spiritus lenis) for the vowel sounds,..the Greek alphabet helped to preserve flexibility in the Greek speech.

2003 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 123 176 The spiritus lenis is correct for the printed initial spiritus asper in ᾿af῾ālun.

2015 Bull. Symbolic Logic 21 18 The accent on the variable is the Greek spiritus lenis, ‘smooth breathing’, used to indicate the absence of aspiration in anterior vowels.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	spiritus lenis
释义	spiritus lenisn. Brit. /ˌspɪrᵻtəs ˈliːnɪs/, /ˌspɪrᵻtʊs ˈleɪnɪs/, U.S. /ˌspɪrədəs ˈlinᵻs/, /ˌspɪrəˌtʊs ˈleɪnᵻs/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin spiritus lenis. Etymology: < post-classical Latin spiritus lenis (5th or 6th cent. in Priscian) < classical Latin spīritus breath, aspiration, spirit (see spirit n.) + lēnis smooth (see lenis adj.), after Hellenistic Greek πνεῦμα ψιλόν . Compare spiritus asper n. and later smooth breathing n. at smooth adj. Compounds 1a. An unaspirated sound or letter; the diacritic (᾿) used in polytonic Greek orthography to show that a letter (typically an initial vowel) is not aspirated; a smooth breathing (cf. breathing n. 9). Hence (occasionally): this symbol or another used similarly in writing another language. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by manner > [noun] > aspirate > aspiration > smooth breathing spiritus lenis1625 smooth breathing1746 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. xvii. 181 F..stands also for a note of the spiritus lenis. 1649 C. Raue Gen. Grammer in Disc. Orientall Tongues (new ed.) 104 A simple e..cald by the Grecians the spiritus lenis and he the spiritus asper. 1729 tr. C. Lancelot et al. Treat. Greek Accents ii. 81 Conjunctions have the Spiritus lenis, excepting a few. 1799 J. Adams Pronunc. Eng. Lang. Vindicated 49 In Greek, when two r's occur, the first receives the spiritus lenis, the second the asper. 1867 tr. A. Vlachos New Pract. & Easy Method learning Mod. Greek Lang. i. 5 The modern Greek language uses..two aspirates in words beginning with a vowel 1. the soft aspirate (spiritus lenis) ᾿. 2. the rough aspirate (spiritus asper) ῾. 1888 J. E. King & C. Cookson Princ. Sound & Inflexion Greek & Lat. viii. 171 An initial Indo-European..i becomes the spiritus asper, sometimes changed to spiritus lenis. 1914 Mod. Lang. Rev. 9 105 If it [sc. the glottal catch] really had a highly distinctive quality why did it not receive the honour of a separate symbol like the Hebrew and Arabic spiritus lenis? 1948 D. Diringer Alphabet viii. 458 By adopting this system of rough and smooth breathing (spiritus asper and spiritus lenis) for the vowel sounds,..the Greek alphabet helped to preserve flexibility in the Greek speech. 2003 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 123 176 The spiritus lenis is correct for the printed initial spiritus asper in ᾿af῾ālun. 2015 Bull. Symbolic Logic 21 18 The accent on the variable is the Greek spiritus lenis, ‘smooth breathing’, used to indicate the absence of aspiration in anterior vowels. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1625
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