Bochen.adj.

Brit.

/bɒʃ/, U.S.

/bɔʃ/,

/bɑʃ/

Forms: 1900s– Boche, 1900s– Bosch, 1900s– Bosche, 1900s– Boshe, 1900s– Bush (U.S.). Also with lower-case initial.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French boche.

Etymology: < French boche, noun (1886 or earlier), of uncertain origin.The origin of the French noun as a derogatory term for a German is unclear. It probably shows either: (i) a sense development of boche scoundrel (1866; compare tête de boche obstinate, ignorant, or unintelligent person (1862; 1886 as a derogatory term for a German)), probably shortened < caboche blockhead, head (see cabbage n.¹); or (ii) a shortening of Alboche (also Alleboche ) (1860 as a derogatory term for a German, 1868 in tête d'alboche in the same sense), apparently an alteration of Allemand German (see Almain adj.), either after boche or caboche, or after earlier colloquial formations in -boche (as e.g. rigolboche amusing (1860; 1858 as the name of a fictional dancer)).

colloquial (chiefly derogatory and potentially offensive).

A. n.

1. A German, esp. a German soldier. Usually in plural.Chiefly used during or with reference to the First World War (1914–18) or Second World War (1939–45). Now chiefly in French contexts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of Germany > [noun]

Almainc1330

Dutchmana1387

Germana1387

High Dutchmana1450

Hans1569

Muff1585

Teutonic1638

Herr1653

Dutcher1671

mein Herr1796

Teuton1833

Dutchy1834

sour-crout1841

Fritz1887

sausage1890

Heinie1904

Boche1914

Fritzie1915

Hun1915

Jerry1916

sauerkraut-eater1918

sausage-eater1918

sale Boche1919

Volksdeutsche1937

1914 Scotsman 4 Sept. 6/4 Buy, mesdammes, buy my fish. Let us eat our good things while we can, and leave the offal to the Boches if they come.

1914 Daily Express 30 Sept. 4/2 Monsieur had better come under cover. The ‘Bosches’ are still firing this way.

1915 Manch. Guardian 8 Oct. 12/4 As for the Boches who had taken refuge in the ‘fox holes’, they were suffocating under feet of earth and debris.

1919 ‘B. Cable’ Old Contemptibles viii. 130 A Boche..proceeded to drop bombs all over the place.

1941 ‘Faugh-a-Ballagh’ 34 58/2 He concluded by saying that the only good boche was a dead boche.

1944 C. Beaton Diary 29 Oct. in Self Portrait with Friends (1979) xv. 154 The French working-class man would never forgive the Boches.

2003 Sunday Times 10 Aug. (News Review) 4/6 I..will tell my notaire to stipulate in my French will that..the car is not to be sold to any Boche.

2. With singular or plural agreement. Germans (esp., in early use, German soldiers) collectively. Chiefly with the.Frequently used during or with reference to the First World War (1914–18) or Second World War (1939–45).

ΚΠ

1914 Evening News (London) 9 Nov. 3/2 (headline) Bluffing the Boche.

1916 J. Buchan Greenmantle v. 62 There was nothing the Boche liked so much as an excuse for sending a poor devil to ‘solitary’.

1919 J. Buchan Mr. Standfast xxi. 385 The Boche is pushin' up new troops.

1940 Ld. Alanbrooke Diary 18 Jan. in War Diaries (2001) 32 The Boche with their efficient bridging equipment would have little difficulty in negotiating it.

1944 Life 24 Apr. 37/2 The Boche was bloody bad last night.

1945 Sun (Baltimore) 3 Jan. 20/1 They'd..be there to beat back the first bunch of Boche when they tried it again.

1985 Toronto Star (Nexis) 29 Nov. a6 I was overcome with the strange sensation that I had been cast back in time to a muddy salient at Ypres just as the Boche sent the mustard gas billowing down on our trenches.

1999 BBC Top Gear Mag. Aug. 61/4 The only reason the Boche are better at it than us is that they've had more practice.

2002 News of World (Nexis) 26 May There's no better place to hammer the boche than on a footy pitch.

B. adj. (attributive).

German.Chiefly used during or with reference to the First World War (1914–18) or Second World War (1939–45).

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of Germany > [adjective]

Germanic1539

German1548

Germanical1560

Almanie1564

Dutchkin1576

Teutonic1647

Almain1665

transrhenanea1727

Germanish1796

Hun1820

Dutchy1862

Kraut1911

Gretchen1913

Boche1914

Hunnish1915

Fritz1919

1914 Evening News 14 Dec. 1/3 Thanks to the guns of our fleet, we can sail for weeks and weeks without even meeting the Boche flag.

1916 H. W. Yoxall Let. 22 Sept. in Fashion of Life (1966) iv. 32 The Bosche barrage was almost as good as ours.

1917 G. S. Gordon Let. 12 Mar. (1943) 72 Our Archibalds are peppering a Boche aeroplane.

1920 Punch 20 Oct. 305/1 Bosch aeroplane observers.

1940 W. S. Churchill Into Battle (1941) 296 All Europe, if he [sc. Hitler] has his way, will be reduced to one uniform Boche-land.

2011 Nottingham Post 17 Nov. 10 Robert Sherriff 's famous play is set in the trenches in 1918 at the start of the great Boche offensive in the spring of that year.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	boche
释义	Bochen.adj. Brit. /bɒʃ/, U.S. /bɔʃ/, /bɑʃ/ Forms: 1900s– Boche, 1900s– Bosch, 1900s– Bosche, 1900s– Boshe, 1900s– Bush (U.S.). Also with lower-case initial. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French boche. Etymology: < French boche, noun (1886 or earlier), of uncertain origin.The origin of the French noun as a derogatory term for a German is unclear. It probably shows either: (i) a sense development of boche scoundrel (1866; compare tête de boche obstinate, ignorant, or unintelligent person (1862; 1886 as a derogatory term for a German)), probably shortened < caboche blockhead, head (see cabbage n.¹); or (ii) a shortening of Alboche (also Alleboche ) (1860 as a derogatory term for a German, 1868 in tête d'alboche in the same sense), apparently an alteration of Allemand German (see Almain adj.), either after boche or caboche, or after earlier colloquial formations in -boche (as e.g. rigolboche amusing (1860; 1858 as the name of a fictional dancer)). colloquial (chiefly derogatory and potentially offensive). A. n. 1. A German, esp. a German soldier. Usually in plural.Chiefly used during or with reference to the First World War (1914–18) or Second World War (1939–45). Now chiefly in French contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of Germany > [noun] Almainc1330 Dutchmana1387 Germana1387 High Dutchmana1450 Hans1569 Muff1585 Teutonic1638 Herr1653 Dutcher1671 mein Herr1796 Teuton1833 Dutchy1834 sour-crout1841 Fritz1887 sausage1890 Heinie1904 Boche1914 Fritzie1915 Hun1915 Jerry1916 sauerkraut-eater1918 sausage-eater1918 sale Boche1919 Volksdeutsche1937 1914 Scotsman 4 Sept. 6/4 Buy, mesdammes, buy my fish. Let us eat our good things while we can, and leave the offal to the Boches if they come. 1914 Daily Express 30 Sept. 4/2 Monsieur had better come under cover. The ‘Bosches’ are still firing this way. 1915 Manch. Guardian 8 Oct. 12/4 As for the Boches who had taken refuge in the ‘fox holes’, they were suffocating under feet of earth and debris. 1919 ‘B. Cable’ Old Contemptibles viii. 130 A Boche..proceeded to drop bombs all over the place. 1941 ‘Faugh-a-Ballagh’ 34 58/2 He concluded by saying that the only good boche was a dead boche. 1944 C. Beaton Diary 29 Oct. in Self Portrait with Friends (1979) xv. 154 The French working-class man would never forgive the Boches. 2003 Sunday Times 10 Aug. (News Review) 4/6 I..will tell my notaire to stipulate in my French will that..the car is not to be sold to any Boche. 2. With singular or plural agreement. Germans (esp., in early use, German soldiers) collectively. Chiefly with the.Frequently used during or with reference to the First World War (1914–18) or Second World War (1939–45). ΚΠ 1914 Evening News (London) 9 Nov. 3/2 (headline) Bluffing the Boche. 1916 J. Buchan Greenmantle v. 62 There was nothing the Boche liked so much as an excuse for sending a poor devil to ‘solitary’. 1919 J. Buchan Mr. Standfast xxi. 385 The Boche is pushin' up new troops. 1940 Ld. Alanbrooke Diary 18 Jan. in War Diaries (2001) 32 The Boche with their efficient bridging equipment would have little difficulty in negotiating it. 1944 Life 24 Apr. 37/2 The Boche was bloody bad last night. 1945 Sun (Baltimore) 3 Jan. 20/1 They'd..be there to beat back the first bunch of Boche when they tried it again. 1985 Toronto Star (Nexis) 29 Nov. a6 I was overcome with the strange sensation that I had been cast back in time to a muddy salient at Ypres just as the Boche sent the mustard gas billowing down on our trenches. 1999 BBC Top Gear Mag. Aug. 61/4 The only reason the Boche are better at it than us is that they've had more practice. 2002 News of World (Nexis) 26 May There's no better place to hammer the boche than on a footy pitch. B. adj. (attributive). German.Chiefly used during or with reference to the First World War (1914–18) or Second World War (1939–45). ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of Germany > [adjective] Germanic1539 German1548 Germanical1560 Almanie1564 Dutchkin1576 Teutonic1647 Almain1665 transrhenanea1727 Germanish1796 Hun1820 Dutchy1862 Kraut1911 Gretchen1913 Boche1914 Hunnish1915 Fritz1919 1914 Evening News 14 Dec. 1/3 Thanks to the guns of our fleet, we can sail for weeks and weeks without even meeting the Boche flag. 1916 H. W. Yoxall Let. 22 Sept. in Fashion of Life (1966) iv. 32 The Bosche barrage was almost as good as ours. 1917 G. S. Gordon Let. 12 Mar. (1943) 72 Our Archibalds are peppering a Boche aeroplane. 1920 Punch 20 Oct. 305/1 Bosch aeroplane observers. 1940 W. S. Churchill Into Battle (1941) 296 All Europe, if he [sc. Hitler] has his way, will be reduced to one uniform Boche-land. 2011 Nottingham Post 17 Nov. 10 Robert Sherriff 's famous play is set in the trenches in 1918 at the start of the great Boche offensive in the spring of that year. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1914
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