St. Elmon.

/sənt ˈɛlməʊ/

Forms: Also † St. Elm, St. Helmo, San Telmo, sant-elmo.

Etymology: A corruption, via Sant'Ermo, of the name of St. Erasmus (martyred 303), Italian bishop and patron saint of Mediterranean sailors; compare Italian fuoco di Sant'Elmo.

Used in the possessive, absol., and with of to denote the luminous appearance of a naturally occurring corona discharge about a ship's mast or the like, usually in bad weather. Now usually as St. Elmo's fire; = corposant n., Helena n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > naturally occurring light > [noun] > lightning > bead or forked lightning > St. Elmo's fire

heaven's fireOE

St. Elmo's fire1561

Hermes' fire1611

corposant1650

furole1656

Castor1708

composant1751

storm-light1843

storm-firea1847

dead-fire1854

witch-fire1892

1561 R. Eden tr. M. Cortés Arte Nauigation ii. xx. sig. G.iii^v Shining exhalations that appeare in tempestes: whiche the Mariners call santelmo or Corpus sancti.

1621 J. Chamberlain Let. 21 July (1939) II. 390 His comming was taken for a goode presage, like the appearing of St. Elmo after a tempest.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 380 Floating bodies of fire..the fires of St. Helmo, or the mariner's light.

1814 tr. G. H. von Langsdorff Voy. & Trav. II. iv. 102 In the winter months the air is often so charged with electricity, that for many hours together in the darkest nights a bluish green electrical light, called St. Helen's, or St. Elm's fire, may be seen.

a1830 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) IV. 135/1 The fire of St. Elmo, so frequently seen upon the masts of vessels in the mediterranean, and from very early times connected with the names of Castor and Pollux, meets with a very simple explanation on the principle of a pointed conductor imbibing electricity.

1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 633/2 This glow is known to sailors as St Elmo's (San Telmo's) fire, in old days Castor and Pollux.

1942 Tee Emm (Air Ministry) 2 56 St. Elmo's Fire..is caused by the aircraft passing through a charged area of cloud and thus charging up itself... A glow, and in more extreme cases long streaks of fire appear at the propellers, wing-tips or nose.

1956 G. Durrell My Family & Other Animals xvii. 235 I tell you, we'll find the chimney covered with Saint Elmo's fire one night, and before we know where we are we'll be drowned in our beds by a tidal wave.

1969 M. A. Uman Lightning 244 Ball lightning and St. Elmo's fire are sometimes confused. St. Elmo's fire is a corona discharge from a pointed conducting object in a strong electric field. Like ball lightning, St. Elmo's fire may assume a spherical shape. Unlike ball lightning, St. Elmo's fire must remain attached to a conductor, although it may exhibit some motion along the conductor. Further, St. Elmo's fire can have a lifetime much greater than the lifetime of the usual ball lightning.

1976 Scotsman 20 Nov. (Weekend Suppl.) 1/1 The top of the mast was surrounded with an eerie pale green phosphorescence. This was St. Elmo's Fire—known and feared by seamen of old—caused by static electricity.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	st elmo
释义	St. Elmon. /sənt ˈɛlməʊ/ Forms: Also † St. Elm, St. Helmo, San Telmo, sant-elmo. Etymology: A corruption, via Sant'Ermo, of the name of St. Erasmus (martyred 303), Italian bishop and patron saint of Mediterranean sailors; compare Italian fuoco di Sant'Elmo. Used in the possessive, absol., and with of to denote the luminous appearance of a naturally occurring corona discharge about a ship's mast or the like, usually in bad weather. Now usually as St. Elmo's fire; = corposant n., Helena n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > naturally occurring light > [noun] > lightning > bead or forked lightning > St. Elmo's fire heaven's fireOE St. Elmo's fire1561 Hermes' fire1611 corposant1650 furole1656 Castor1708 composant1751 storm-light1843 storm-firea1847 dead-fire1854 witch-fire1892 1561 R. Eden tr. M. Cortés Arte Nauigation ii. xx. sig. G.iii^v Shining exhalations that appeare in tempestes: whiche the Mariners call santelmo or Corpus sancti. 1621 J. Chamberlain Let. 21 July (1939) II. 390 His comming was taken for a goode presage, like the appearing of St. Elmo after a tempest. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth I. 380 Floating bodies of fire..the fires of St. Helmo, or the mariner's light. 1814 tr. G. H. von Langsdorff Voy. & Trav. II. iv. 102 In the winter months the air is often so charged with electricity, that for many hours together in the darkest nights a bluish green electrical light, called St. Helen's, or St. Elm's fire, may be seen. a1830 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) IV. 135/1 The fire of St. Elmo, so frequently seen upon the masts of vessels in the mediterranean, and from very early times connected with the names of Castor and Pollux, meets with a very simple explanation on the principle of a pointed conductor imbibing electricity. 1882 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 633/2 This glow is known to sailors as St Elmo's (San Telmo's) fire, in old days Castor and Pollux. 1942 Tee Emm (Air Ministry) 2 56 St. Elmo's Fire..is caused by the aircraft passing through a charged area of cloud and thus charging up itself... A glow, and in more extreme cases long streaks of fire appear at the propellers, wing-tips or nose. 1956 G. Durrell My Family & Other Animals xvii. 235 I tell you, we'll find the chimney covered with Saint Elmo's fire one night, and before we know where we are we'll be drowned in our beds by a tidal wave. 1969 M. A. Uman Lightning 244 Ball lightning and St. Elmo's fire are sometimes confused. St. Elmo's fire is a corona discharge from a pointed conducting object in a strong electric field. Like ball lightning, St. Elmo's fire may assume a spherical shape. Unlike ball lightning, St. Elmo's fire must remain attached to a conductor, although it may exhibit some motion along the conductor. Further, St. Elmo's fire can have a lifetime much greater than the lifetime of the usual ball lightning. 1976 Scotsman 20 Nov. (Weekend Suppl.) 1/1 The top of the mast was surrounded with an eerie pale green phosphorescence. This was St. Elmo's Fire—known and feared by seamen of old—caused by static electricity. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1561
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