Etymology: < Old French estampie, corresponding to Provençal estampida , Spanish estampida , Portuguese estampida , Italian stampita song with accompaniment, also noise, < Provençal estampir to resound, perhaps cognate with Provençal estampar stamp v.

Etymology: Altered form of stank n.¹

Etymology: Partly < stamp v., and partly < Middle French estampe (modern French estampe , étampe ), verbal noun < estamper : see stamp v.

Etymology: Of obscure origin; compare Old Norse stamp-r large tub, Low German stampe drinking-glass with a thick stem, German stampf mortar, also swill-tub.

Etymology: Of obscure origin: compare stalp n.

Etymology: Early Middle English stampen (? Old English *stampian) = (Middle) Low German, (Middle) Dutch, West Frisian stampe, North Frisian stampi to stamp with the foot, to pound, Old High German stamfôn to pound (only once, gl. comminuere; Middle High German, modern German stampfen to stamp with the foot, to pound, bray in a mortar), Old Norse stappa ( < *stampa) to stamp with the foot, to bray in a mortar, (Middle) Swedish stampa, (Middle)Danish stampe < Germanic *stampōjan, < *stampo-z (masculine), pestle, mortar (Middle Low German stamp, Old High German, Middle High German, modern German stampf masculine) A parallel formation from the same base is Old English stęmpan to bray in a mortar (occurring only once; compare á-stęmpan to stamp with a die, stęmping-ísern stamping-iron) = Middle Low German stempen, West Frisian stimpe, North Frisian stemp, Middle High German, modern German (? obsolete) stempfen < Germanic type *stampjan; compare Middle Low German, modern German stempel, Middle High German stempfel stamp, die. The Germanic *stamp- is the source of the Common Romance verb represented by Italian stampare to tread, press, print, Provençal, Spanish, Portuguese estampar to stamp, print, Old French estamper (modern French estamper, in some technical senses étamper) to stamp; whence the verbal noun Italian stampa press, printing-press, Spanish estampa, Portuguese estampa, French estampe engraving, estampe, étampe stamp, die.The view stated above seems on the whole more likely than the alternative supposition that the verb did not exist in Old English, but is solely an adoption of Old French estamper (see main sense). At the same time there can be little doubt that the sense-development of the English verb has been influenced by the uses of its French cognate. The Germanic root *stamp- is probably a nasalized form of *stap- to tread; if so the primary sense of the verb would seem to be that of branch II below, from which the other senses might easily be derived. Some scholars regard the root (pre-Germanic *stomb- ) as cognate with Greek στέμβειν ? to shake, ? to maltreat (occurring only once); radical connection with stump n.¹ has also been suggested.