单词 | starveling |
释义 | starvelingn.adj. A. n. 1. a. A starved person or animal; a person who is habitually underfed or hungry; a person who is emaciated for lack of nourishment.Sometimes more broadly: a person who is poverty-stricken (cf. sense B. 1b). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > slim shape or physique > [noun] > thin shape > person having staffc1405 notomy1487 rakea1529 crag1542 scrag1542 sneakbill1546 starveling1546 slim1548 ghost1590 bald-rib1598 bare-bone1598 bow-case1599 atomy1600 sneaksbill1602 thin-gut1602 anatomya1616 sharg1623 skeleton1630 raw-bone1635 living skeleton1650 strammel1706 scarecrow1711 rickle of bones1729 shargar1754 squeeze-crab1785 rack of bones1804 thread-paper1824 bag of bones1838 dry-bones1845 skinnymalink1870 hairpin1879 slim jim1889 skinny1907 underweight1910 asthenic1925 ectomorph1940 skinny-malinky1957 matchstick1959 the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > starvation or action of starving > one who suffers starvation starveling1546 meat failer1599 starver1683 breadless1839 1546 Supplic. Poor Commons sig. a.iiii If none shoulde be alowed meate in youre hyghnesse house, but suche as were clothed in veluet,..what steruelynges woulde youre seruantes be aboue all other? 1557 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandrie sig. B.iii The fewe [swine] that she kepe, much the better shalbee: of all thing one good, is worth steruelinges three. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 ii. i. 69 If I hang, ile make a fat paire of Gallowes: for if I hang, olde sir Iohn hangs with me, and thou knowest hee is no starueling . View more context for this quotation 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Coät, the vnderling, starueling, or writling of a beast. 1674 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd ii. 49 But the more hungrey starvelings generally look'd upon it as an immediate Call to a Benefice. 1774 J. Burgh Polit. Disquis. II. i. v. 106 He goes to his flock-bed with half a belly full of bread and cheese..that his wife and little starvelings may have the more. 1785 G. Forster tr. A. Sparrman Voy. Cape Good Hope I. v. 202 It required but a few weeks to bring one of these starvelings to a thriving state. 1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. II. iii. 119 Some [hogs] will fatten where others would remain starvelings. 1855 E. C. Gaskell North & South I. xxii. 269 And now they've frightened these poor Irish starvelings so with their threats. 1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust II. i. iii. 58 What will the lean fool do? Has he, So dry a starveling, humour? a1921 A. Teixeira de Mattos tr. J. H. Fabre Insect World of J. H. Fabre (1991) xxiv. 184 Having naught else within their reach, the starvelings consume any and all Cruciferæ, without distinction of species. 1977 K. Orr Appetite for Educ. in Contemporary Asia 6 Overfed and indolent city gluttons on the one hand and undernourished rural starvelings on the other. 2014 Derby Tel. (Nexis) 15 Mar. You are better off than the starvelings from Romania who appreciate the benefits here. b. An underdeveloped or stunted plant, organ, etc.; spec. one that has been starved of nutrients. Cf. starve v. 6b. ΚΠ 1594 Will of Thomas Andrewes (Essex Record Office D/AEW 10/281) My fee wood, wth the starlinges [sic] and wind fall as also those tubbs wch are in his house. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. xvi. 453 You may graft..two or three scutcheons, prouided that they be all of one side: for they would not be equally set together in height, because that so they might all become staruelings. 1664 J. Evelyn Sylva (1679) xxi. §3. 92 Some of the outward skirts [of the wood] were nothing save shrubs and miserable stervlings. 1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Moralists ii. iv. 118 What think you of the Brain in this Partition? Is it not like to prove a Starveling? 1853 W. Darlington Flora Cestrica (ed. 3) 133 In rich soils it becomes quite stout; while on dry, sterile banks, it is often a very dwarf, or starveling. 1870 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 1 21 The Var. album is a starveling; rarely as large or as healthy as the purple plants in the midst of which it grows. 1915 Contrib. U.S. National Herbarium 19 364 The pods are slightly smaller as are the leaves, the plants probably being starvelings. 1987 Weekend Tel. 24 Oct. 7/4 Well-nourished plants are less likely to become affected than starvelings. 2. figurative. A person or thing in dire need of spiritual or mental sustenance; a person or thing that has been deprived of essential support or resources. ΚΠ 1554 H. Hilarie Resurreccion of Masse sig. Bvi Remembringe these thinges, it maketh me agaste And so dothe it all my smered shorelinges, No maruayle, for then is all our glory paste And we maye walke lyke a sorte of staruelinges. 1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 610/2 Therfore as oft as we play the lingerers, & cold staruelinges..let vs take this Exhortation. a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) v. v. 146 As if rather some blind Fortune had bestowʼd her blessings carelesly till she had no more left, and thereby made so many starvelings. 1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso 437 To satisfie the ravenous and dog-like unsatiableness of such a company of starvelings. 1728 R. Browne Syst. Theol. i. xxiii. 69 O you Fools and Starvelings of the Earth, O you of little Understanding. 1861 J. G. Holland Lessons in Life xxiii. 331 An irreligious man..is always a starveling. 1929 Oak Parker (Oak Park, Illinois) 4 Oct. 52/4 When human thought, desiring spiritual nutriment, recognizes itself as a starveling for spiritual love, it is in a position to gain more of that love. 1977 Washington Post (Nexis) 12 Apr. d1 Chalk up the National Capital Casting Club as another starveling of the technology and TV age. 2014 Mercury (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 23 Jan. 30 The seven starvelings are South Africa, New Zealand, the West Indies, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Zimbabwe. B. adj. 1. a. That lacks sufficient food; ill-fed, hungry, starving; (hence also) lean and weak for want of nutriment. Also in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [adjective] > hungry hungryc950 hungering971 hollow1362 eagera1475 empty?1490 ahungrya1500 sharp-set1540 greedlya1546 anhungry1578 starveling1578 belly-pinched1608 mad-hungry1608 jejunea1620 sharp-bent1675 sharp1678 nithered1691 peckish1714 stomach-tight1718 yap1768 yaupish1789 picksome1847 1578 W. Hunnis Hyue Full of Hunnye (Gen. 41) f. 103 Their Bellyes stil did cleaue Unto theyr Backes in Starueling sort,as when they did begynne. 1597 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. ii. i. 25 So, lauish ope-tyde causeth fasting-lents, And staruling Famine comes of large expence. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 239 Starveling flies sucke much more, then those that are fully gorged. 1668 J. Owen Nature Indwelling-sin xv. 247 They..perform duties with as much constancy as ever they did, but yet have poor lean starvling souls. 1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner i. iii. xvi. 175 If any Trees..have all their Leaves lesser, and more starveling than they should be. 1756 J. Reed Brit. Philippic 8 Riot and Debauch Have sunk the hardy Briton's manly Frame To the lank Substance of the starvling Gaul. 1834 W. Beckford Italy; with Sketches Spain & Portugal II. 263 The stems of starveling pines. 1850 ‘S. Yendys’ Roman vi. 82 The very meanest starveling hound. 1883 J. A. Symonds Ital. Byways iii. 61 The palace has become a granary for country produce in a starveling land. 1922 S. Lewis Babbitt xvii. 220 His shrewd starveling face broadened with joy at dinner. 1989 M. Robinson Mother Country i. 127 Starveling men make unsatisfactory soldiers. 2012 Daily Mail (Nexis) 27 July Nora nurses a starveling rook. b. gen. Characterized by or exhibiting poverty; poverty-stricken. Also in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > [adjective] > poor havelessOE unrichOE waedlec1000 armOE nakedOE helplessc1175 wantsomec1175 poora1200 barec1220 needfula1225 misease?c1225 unwealya1300 needyc1325 feeblec1330 poorful1372 mischievousc1390 miseasedc1390 indigentc1400 meanc1400 naughtyc1400 succourless1412 unwealthyc1412 behove1413 misterousa1425 misterfulc1480 miserablec1485 beggarly1545 starved1563 threadbare1577 penurious1590 fortuneless1596 wealthless1605 wantful1607 necessitous1611 inopulent1613 titheless1615 egene1631 starveling1638 necessitated1646 inopious1656 parsimonious1782 unopulent1782 lacking1805 bushed1819 obolary1820 ill-to-do1853 down at heel1856 po'1866 needsome1870 down-at-heeled1884 rocky1921 1638 D. Featley Transubstant. Exploded 9 To another a Cardinals hat was given, but with so thinne lining..that he was commonly called the starveling Cardinal. 1710 J. Swift Examiner No. 19 in F. H. Ellis Swift vs. Mainwaring (1985) 82 A certain starvling Author..told me..that he and some others of his Brethren had secretly offered their Service dog-cheap to the present Ministry. 1729 A. Pope Dunciad (new ed.) ii. 36 No meagre, muse-rid mope, adust and thin,..But such a bulk as no twelve bards could raise, Twelve starveling bards of these degen'rate days. 1763 T. Smollett Crit. Rev. 15 373 In the midst of all his erudition, wit, humour, and pleasantry, we always find himself in the character of a starveling author, strolling actor, or choice spirit. 1822 W. Irving Bracebridge Hall xxii. 188 [He] then cast a glance upon his own threadbare and starveling condition. 1849 J. C. Hare Serm. Preacht Herstmonceaux Church II. x. 190 Our hearts are too poor and starveling..to find food and room for all these thoughts and feelings. 1874 F. C. Burnand My Time xxxi. 309 There was a starveling air about the place. 1918 Advocate Peace 80 238/1 1,300,000 persons in London live below the poverty line. What help can you expect from such abject and starveling multitudes to shape the national ideals for peace and righteousness and good will? 1975 Great Bend (Kansas) Tribune 4 Apr. 4/4 In literature, the most prominent example is probably Dostoyevsky's Raskalnikov, the starveling, misanthropic student. 2013 Irish Daily Mail (Nexis) 13 Apr. 28 You can see it in her starveling amber eyes, her urchin's haircut. 2. figurative. Poor in quality or quantity; thin, scanty, meagre, mean. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior thing > [adjective] salec1299 bastarda1348 sorry1372 slight1393 shrewd1426 singlec1449 backc1450 soberc1450 lesser1464 silly?a1500 starven1546 mockado1577 subaltern1578 bastardly1583 wooden1592 starved1604 perishing1605 starveling1611 minor1612 starvy1647 potsherd1655 low1727 la-la1800 waif1824 lathen1843 one-eyed1843 snide1859 bobbery1873 jerkwater1877 low-grade1878 shoddy1882 tinhorn1886 jerk1893 cheapie1898 shaganappi1900 buckeye1906 reach-me-down1907 pissy1922 crappy1928 cruddy1935 el cheapo1967 pound shop1989 the world > relative properties > quantity > insufficiency > [adjective] > limited in quantity or amount > scanty or meagre feeblec1275 straita1300 thinc1374 threadbarec1412 exile?1440 silly?a1500 pilled1526 thinnish1540 carrion-lean1542 carrion1565 exiled?1577 penurious1594 unnourishing1605 starveling1611 meagre1612 short-handed1622 lanka1644 scrimp1681 strigose1708 skimp1775 skimping1775 spare1813 shy1821 scrimping1823 skimpy1842 slim1852 scrappy1985 minnowy1991 1611 ‘G. Vadianus’ in T. Coryate Crudities sig. I2 How should I sing thy worth in fitting layes, With starueling verses of an hide bound Muse. a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 117 It is a starveling conceit of Innovating brain-pans. a1665 J. Goodwin Πλήρωμα τὸ Πνευματικόv (1670) v. 79 The expressions of such a man, whether by words or actions, will be lean and starveling. 1750 E. Kimber Life Joe Thompson I. ii. 12 The Heart..being buried and confined in an adust or frigid Breast, dies away into the starveling Ideas of Jealousy, Suspicion, and Covetousness. a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iii. 411 We talk..of a meagre and starveling stile, of crudities in expressions. 1816 S. T. Coleridge Statesman's Man. 36 A hunger-bitten and idea-less philosophy naturally produces a starveling and comfortless religion. 1843 W. E. Gladstone in Foreign & Colonial Q. Rev. Oct. 565 They are so much at variance with the fixed formularies of the Church, from the narrow and starveling form of their doctrine, that they [etc.]. 1889 C. Edwardes Sardinia 297 A starveling little group of pines. 1917 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 21 395 By the time the carvings of the north chapel at Melón were finished, theirs, though lovely, is yet a starveling art. 1976 Times Lit. Suppl. 9 Apr. 417/5 In these days of rather starveling novels, it is a work of quite astonishing amplitude, vitality and passion. 2010 New Yorker 4 Jan. 22/2 Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed a starveling budget that cut U.C.'s allocation by $637 million. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > [adjective] > affected with or having sensation of cold > perishing with cold starveda1586 starveling1697 starven1887 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xviii. 498 In this wet starveling plight we spent the tedious night. 1805 W. Wordsworth Waggoner iv. 260 And babes in wet and starveling plight; Which once, be weather as it might, Had still a nest within a nest. CompoundsΚΠ 1639 J. Ford Ladies Triall ii. sig. D2 Leave such poore out-side helpes to puling lovers, Such as Fulgoso your weake rivall is, That starveling braind-companion. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1546 |
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