† standelwortn.

Forms:

α. late Middle English 1600s standelwort, 1500s standelworte, 1600s standlewort.

β. (In dictionaries) 1800s standerwort.

Origin: A borrowing from Middle Low German. Etymon: Middle Low German standelwort.

Etymology: < Middle Low German standelwort (also stendelwort ) < stand- , combining form of stān to stand (see stand v.) + -el -el suffix¹ + wort wort n.¹ Compare Middle High German stendelwurz (German Ständelwurz , Stendelwurz ). Compare earlier standenguss n. and standelwelks n.Compare also Dutch standelkruid (1554 in the passage translated in quot. 1578) and German †Ständelkraut (1485); the second element of these often corresponds to English wort n.¹ in the names of plants (see Kraut n.). The plant is apparently so called with allusion to the male member, both on account of the plant's appearance and perhaps also its use as an aphrodisiac (compare quot. 1578 at standergrass n.). Compare German Ständer male member (16th cent.). Compare earlier bollockwort n. at bollock n. and adj. Compounds and also ragwort n.² Variant forms. In the β. forms (in dictionaries) apparently with alteration after stander n. or standergrass n.

Obsolete.

Any of several European orchids; esp. the early purple orchid, Orchis mascula. Cf. standelwelks n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > orchids > early purple orchids

standengussa1400

standelworta1500

gandergoose?1550

adder's grass1551

ragwort1552

cuckoo orchis1578

fool's ballocks1578

Palma Christi1578

standergrass1578

fool's stones1597

fox-stones1597

goat's stones1597

goat stones1597

testicles1597

dead man's finger1604

long purples1604

dead man's thumb1652

man orchis1670

monkey orchisa1678

meadow orchis1753

military orchis1784

male orchis1785

ram's horn1832

lady orchis1846

dead man's hand1853

scorpion plant1866

phalaenopsid1880

walking orchid1910

soldier orchid1934

a1500 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 230 [Satirion] anglice, standelwort.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lvi. 217 Of Standelworte or Standergrasse..There are diuers sortes of Standergrasse called in Greeke Orchis.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. Table Serapias, a kind of Orchis or Standelwort.

1657 W. Coles Adam in Eden cclxxviii. 45 In Latin Testiculus Canis, and Testiculus Capri; in English Satyrion, Orchis, Doggestones, Goatestones, Foolestones, Cullions, Standle wort, Standerd grasse, Kingfingers, Gandergosses, &c.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 1090/2 Standerwort, Orchis mascula.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

单词	standelwort
释义	† standelwortn. Forms: α. late Middle English 1600s standelwort, 1500s standelworte, 1600s standlewort. β. (In dictionaries) 1800s standerwort. Origin: A borrowing from Middle Low German. Etymon: Middle Low German standelwort. Etymology: < Middle Low German standelwort (also stendelwort ) < stand- , combining form of stān to stand (see stand v.) + -el -el suffix¹ + wort wort n.¹ Compare Middle High German stendelwurz (German Ständelwurz , Stendelwurz ). Compare earlier standenguss n. and standelwelks n.Compare also Dutch standelkruid (1554 in the passage translated in quot. 1578) and German †Ständelkraut (1485); the second element of these often corresponds to English wort n.¹ in the names of plants (see Kraut n.). The plant is apparently so called with allusion to the male member, both on account of the plant's appearance and perhaps also its use as an aphrodisiac (compare quot. 1578 at standergrass n.). Compare German Ständer male member (16th cent.). Compare earlier bollockwort n. at bollock n. and adj. Compounds and also ragwort n.² Variant forms. In the β. forms (in dictionaries) apparently with alteration after stander n. or standergrass n. Obsolete. Any of several European orchids; esp. the early purple orchid, Orchis mascula. Cf. standelwelks n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > orchids > early purple orchids standengussa1400 standelworta1500 gandergoose?1550 adder's grass1551 ragwort1552 cuckoo orchis1578 fool's ballocks1578 Palma Christi1578 standergrass1578 fool's stones1597 fox-stones1597 goat's stones1597 goat stones1597 testicles1597 dead man's finger1604 long purples1604 dead man's thumb1652 man orchis1670 monkey orchisa1678 meadow orchis1753 military orchis1784 male orchis1785 ram's horn1832 lady orchis1846 dead man's hand1853 scorpion plant1866 phalaenopsid1880 walking orchid1910 soldier orchid1934 a1500 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 230 [Satirion] anglice, standelwort. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lvi. 217 Of Standelworte or Standergrasse..There are diuers sortes of Standergrasse called in Greeke Orchis. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. Table Serapias, a kind of Orchis or Standelwort. 1657 W. Coles Adam in Eden cclxxviii. 45 In Latin Testiculus Canis, and Testiculus Capri; in English Satyrion, Orchis, Doggestones, Goatestones, Foolestones, Cullions, Standle wort, Standerd grasse, Kingfingers, Gandergosses, &c. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 1090/2 Standerwort, Orchis mascula. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). < n.a1500
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