standstilln.adj.

Brit.

/ˈstan(d)stɪl/, U.S.

/ˈstæn(d)ˌstɪl/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: to stand still at still adv. 2a.

Etymology: < to stand still at still adv. 2a.Compare the following slightly earlier isolated use (apparently in an otherwise unattested sense ‘foundation’; perhaps compare also still n.¹) in the speech of the ambitious and self-important joiner In-and-In Medlay (a satirical portrayal of Inigo Jones) in Jonson's Tale of a Tub:a1637 B. Jonson Tale of Tub v. vii. 109 in Wks. (1640) III I stand not on my Latine, Ile invent, But I must be alone then, joyn'd with no man. This we doe call the Stand-still of our worke.

A. n.

1. literal and figurative. A state of cessation of movement or activity; a halt, a pause. Chiefly in to come to a standstill, to bring to a standstill, to be at a standstill.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > absence of movement > [noun] > state of cessation of movement

standinga1398

stay1525

stand1584

consistence1598

still-stand1600

station1603

standstilla1646

dead lock1781

the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > stop the movement of > bring to a standstill

astintc700

stinta1330

arrestc1374

stopc1440

stowc1440

stote1489

to pull up1623

to draw up1765

halt1805

to bring to a standstill1809

snub1841

paralyse1933

the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > come to a stand or stop

abideOE

atstandc1000

steveneta1225

atstuntc1230

to make, take, etc., stallc1275

stema1300

astandc1314

withstanda1325

stintc1374

arrestc1400

stotec1400

stayc1440

steadc1475

stop short1530

disadvance1610

come1611

consist1611

check1635

halt1656

to bring to1697

to draw up1767

to bring up1769

to pull up1781

to fetch up1838

to come to a standstill1852

the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > be at a standstill

standeOE

atstandc1000

stick1641

to be at a standstill1882

a1646 J. Burroughs Saints Duty in Rare Jewel Christian Contentm. (1648) 304 You must stand still in your ranks,..There are several stand-stils, some very vile and naught, and others very good.

1786 F. Burney Diary 23 Dec. (1842) III. 247 I had advanced straight forward..; a matter contrary to all etiquette, which exacts a dead stand-still, and retiring to the side of the walls or houses, when any of the Royal Family appear.

1809 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) IV. 346 If the army was not most successful this very circumstance would probably bring us to a stand-still.

1852 C. W. Hoskyns Talpa (1854) i. 3 The plough comes to a standstill.

1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 875 The growth of the motile zone is by no means at a standstill when the flowers are not performing any movements.

1936 E. Ambler Dark Frontier vi. 98 The train ground to a standstill.

1977 P. L. Fermor Time of Gifts (1979) iii. 95 The east wind, once again blurring all in a maelstrom of flakes, had practically brought me to a standstill.

2015 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 4 Feb. a23/1 Political reconciliation between the Sunni and Shiite communities is at a standstill.

2. A state or condition of being unable to go on or keep moving due to exhaustion. Chiefly in phrases to ride (a horse) to a standstill and to row (a competitor) to a standstill.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [noun] > specific

breathlessness1612

overfatigue1727

standstill1788

footsoreness1849

heat exhaustion1861

staleness1868

burn-out1903

chronic fatigue1908

driver fatigue1922

bonk1952

the wall1974

1788 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue (ed. 2) Stand-still. He was run to a stand-still; i. e. till he could no longer move.

1898 H. S. Canfield Maid of Frontier i. 16 She would..dance to a stand-still any five men within a hundred miles.

1912 Throne 7 Aug. 227/1 Barry..rowed the New Zealander to a standstill a hundred yards from the winning post.

1994 A. K. Helbig & A. R. Perkins Land is Our Land 111 The dude turns the tables by coolly staying atop the striped horse and riding him to a standstill.

B. adj.

1. That fails to advance, progress, grow, or evolve over time.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > [adjective] > failing to progress

standstill1810

1810 R. Parkinson Treat. Breeding & Managem. Live Stock I. i. 212 Keeping stock in a starving condition is a stand-still business, and must prove injurious; for cattle thereby lose in the winter what they have gained in the summer.

1856 S. Warner Hills of Shatemuc xii 'Taint a stand-still world, this; what's up to-day is down to-morrow.

1993 Times Educ. Suppl. 5 Mar. 8/3 The teachers' pay award and inflation mean that in real terms a standstill budget equals a reduction.

2004 Toronto Star 24 Sept. (Opinion section) a25 It is remarkable to see life going on in some places, with makeshift schools appearing and young people playing soccer in the barren fields. But other places are living an eerie, standstill existence.

a. Characterized by or relating to standing still, coming to a halt, or remaining in one place.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > absence of movement > [adjective] > not moving

stillc888

unmoving?a1425

quatc1425

stock-still1508

stony1642

riveting1658

sitfast1669

unstirringa1684

sedate1684

statued1744

unshifting1811

stirless1816

unwaving1818

immotioned1821

standstill1829

akinetic1841

swayless1856

flutterless1873

static1910

squat1956

1829 P. Egan Boxiana New Ser. II. 233 Jem had now reduced the ‘big one’ to his own weight, and had also placed him upon the stand-still system.

1852 J. Reynolds Pioneer Hist. Illinois 266 The cotillions, or stand still dances, were not then known.

1927 Daily Express 27 Dec. 1 A ‘standstill’ order prohibiting all movements of cattle, sheep, pigs, or goats in thirteen counties.

2007 L. M. Chiappe Glorified Dinosaurs v. 154 (caption) In spite of several transformations in the flight system of this bird, it is unclear whether it was able to take off from a standstill position.

b. Of an arrangement, clause, etc.: designating or relating to an agreement to extend or prolong the present state of affairs between two or more parties for a specified period; spec. (a) Economics designating or relating to an agreement between two countries in which a debt owed by one to the other is held in abeyance for a specified period; (b) Business designating or relating to an agreement between a company and one of its stockholders, in which the stockholder agrees to buy no more of the company's shares for a specified period. Chiefly in standstill agreement. The original use of the term standstill agreement referred to an agreement that Allied banks and commercial businesses formed with German ones in 1931, in order to allow for the postponement of German short-term credit repayments in light of the country's severe economic plight.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > indebtedness > [adjective] > relating to credit arrangements

arranging1920

standstill1931

1931 Times 17 Aug. 9/2 The agreements negotiated between the national ‘standstill’ committees and the German bankers will..be mentioned in the report.

1931 Times 20 Aug. 9/1 The ‘standstill’ agreement for the prolongation of short-term credits to Germany was signed..today.

1955 Ann. Reg. 1954 425 Although further ‘reactivation’ of standstill debts was effected during the war, the amount of standstill debts declined substantially.

1970 Internat. & Compar. Law Q. 4th Ser. 19 ii. 270 Even an obligation of member States merely to abstain—a so-called standstill clause..must be clear enough as to permit its direct application.

1980 Wall St. Jrnl. 6 June 1/2 Diamond International disclosed that it is discussing several courses of action that include a ‘standstill agreement’ with Cavenham Holdings.

2003 D. L. Scott Wall St. Words (ed. 3) 358 As part of the standstill agreement, Kerkorian said he would not accumulate additional Chrysler shares, not attempt a hostile takeover, and not launch a proxy fight for a period of five years.

Derivatives

ˈstandstillism n.

ΚΠ

1837 Musical World 23 June 20 Lord Burghersh..is in truth director, conductor, and dictator; in short, the grand primum mobile of the stand-stillism of the academy.

1863 W. Phillips Speeches xxiv. 560 The stupid stand-still-ism of the Cabinet.

2011 Australian (Nexis) 28 Sept. (All-round Country ed.) 14 There seems to be a standstillism that cannot be explained away simply by the constraints imposed by a hung parliament.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022).

单词	standstill
释义	standstilln.adj. Brit. /ˈstan(d)stɪl/, U.S. /ˈstæn(d)ˌstɪl/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: to stand still at still adv. 2a. Etymology: < to stand still at still adv. 2a.Compare the following slightly earlier isolated use (apparently in an otherwise unattested sense ‘foundation’; perhaps compare also still n.¹) in the speech of the ambitious and self-important joiner In-and-In Medlay (a satirical portrayal of Inigo Jones) in Jonson's Tale of a Tub:a1637 B. Jonson Tale of Tub v. vii. 109 in Wks. (1640) III I stand not on my Latine, Ile invent, But I must be alone then, joyn'd with no man. This we doe call the Stand-still of our worke. A. n. 1. literal and figurative. A state of cessation of movement or activity; a halt, a pause. Chiefly in to come to a standstill, to bring to a standstill, to be at a standstill. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > [noun] > state of cessation of movement standinga1398 stay1525 stand1584 consistence1598 still-stand1600 station1603 standstilla1646 dead lock1781 the world > movement > absence of movement > render immobile [verb (transitive)] > stop the movement of > bring to a standstill astintc700 stinta1330 arrestc1374 stopc1440 stowc1440 stote1489 to pull up1623 to draw up1765 halt1805 to bring to a standstill1809 snub1841 paralyse1933 the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > come to a stand or stop abideOE atstandc1000 steveneta1225 atstuntc1230 to make, take, etc., stallc1275 stema1300 astandc1314 withstanda1325 stintc1374 arrestc1400 stotec1400 stayc1440 steadc1475 stop short1530 disadvance1610 come1611 consist1611 check1635 halt1656 to bring to1697 to draw up1767 to bring up1769 to pull up1781 to fetch up1838 to come to a standstill1852 the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > be at a standstill standeOE atstandc1000 stick1641 to be at a standstill1882 a1646 J. Burroughs Saints Duty in Rare Jewel Christian Contentm. (1648) 304 You must stand still in your ranks,..There are several stand-stils, some very vile and naught, and others very good. 1786 F. Burney Diary 23 Dec. (1842) III. 247 I had advanced straight forward..; a matter contrary to all etiquette, which exacts a dead stand-still, and retiring to the side of the walls or houses, when any of the Royal Family appear. 1809 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) IV. 346 If the army was not most successful this very circumstance would probably bring us to a stand-still. 1852 C. W. Hoskyns Talpa (1854) i. 3 The plough comes to a standstill. 1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 875 The growth of the motile zone is by no means at a standstill when the flowers are not performing any movements. 1936 E. Ambler Dark Frontier vi. 98 The train ground to a standstill. 1977 P. L. Fermor Time of Gifts (1979) iii. 95 The east wind, once again blurring all in a maelstrom of flakes, had practically brought me to a standstill. 2015 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 4 Feb. a23/1 Political reconciliation between the Sunni and Shiite communities is at a standstill. 2. A state or condition of being unable to go on or keep moving due to exhaustion. Chiefly in phrases to ride (a horse) to a standstill and to row (a competitor) to a standstill. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [noun] > specific breathlessness1612 overfatigue1727 standstill1788 footsoreness1849 heat exhaustion1861 staleness1868 burn-out1903 chronic fatigue1908 driver fatigue1922 bonk1952 the wall1974 1788 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue (ed. 2) Stand-still. He was run to a stand-still; i. e. till he could no longer move. 1898 H. S. Canfield Maid of Frontier i. 16 She would..dance to a stand-still any five men within a hundred miles. 1912 Throne 7 Aug. 227/1 Barry..rowed the New Zealander to a standstill a hundred yards from the winning post. 1994 A. K. Helbig & A. R. Perkins Land is Our Land 111 The dude turns the tables by coolly staying atop the striped horse and riding him to a standstill. B. adj. 1. That fails to advance, progress, grow, or evolve over time. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > [adjective] > failing to progress standstill1810 1810 R. Parkinson Treat. Breeding & Managem. Live Stock I. i. 212 Keeping stock in a starving condition is a stand-still business, and must prove injurious; for cattle thereby lose in the winter what they have gained in the summer. 1856 S. Warner Hills of Shatemuc xii 'Taint a stand-still world, this; what's up to-day is down to-morrow. 1993 Times Educ. Suppl. 5 Mar. 8/3 The teachers' pay award and inflation mean that in real terms a standstill budget equals a reduction. 2004 Toronto Star 24 Sept. (Opinion section) a25 It is remarkable to see life going on in some places, with makeshift schools appearing and young people playing soccer in the barren fields. But other places are living an eerie, standstill existence. 2. a. Characterized by or relating to standing still, coming to a halt, or remaining in one place. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > [adjective] > not moving stillc888 unmoving?a1425 quatc1425 stock-still1508 stony1642 riveting1658 sitfast1669 unstirringa1684 sedate1684 statued1744 unshifting1811 stirless1816 unwaving1818 immotioned1821 standstill1829 akinetic1841 swayless1856 flutterless1873 static1910 squat1956 1829 P. Egan Boxiana New Ser. II. 233 Jem had now reduced the ‘big one’ to his own weight, and had also placed him upon the stand-still system. 1852 J. Reynolds Pioneer Hist. Illinois 266 The cotillions, or stand still dances, were not then known. 1927 Daily Express 27 Dec. 1 A ‘standstill’ order prohibiting all movements of cattle, sheep, pigs, or goats in thirteen counties. 2007 L. M. Chiappe Glorified Dinosaurs v. 154 (caption) In spite of several transformations in the flight system of this bird, it is unclear whether it was able to take off from a standstill position. b. Of an arrangement, clause, etc.: designating or relating to an agreement to extend or prolong the present state of affairs between two or more parties for a specified period; spec. (a) Economics designating or relating to an agreement between two countries in which a debt owed by one to the other is held in abeyance for a specified period; (b) Business designating or relating to an agreement between a company and one of its stockholders, in which the stockholder agrees to buy no more of the company's shares for a specified period. Chiefly in standstill agreement. The original use of the term standstill agreement referred to an agreement that Allied banks and commercial businesses formed with German ones in 1931, in order to allow for the postponement of German short-term credit repayments in light of the country's severe economic plight. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > insolvency > indebtedness > [adjective] > relating to credit arrangements arranging1920 standstill1931 1931 Times 17 Aug. 9/2 The agreements negotiated between the national ‘standstill’ committees and the German bankers will..be mentioned in the report. 1931 Times 20 Aug. 9/1 The ‘standstill’ agreement for the prolongation of short-term credits to Germany was signed..today. 1955 Ann. Reg. 1954 425 Although further ‘reactivation’ of standstill debts was effected during the war, the amount of standstill debts declined substantially. 1970 Internat. & Compar. Law Q. 4th Ser. 19 ii. 270 Even an obligation of member States merely to abstain—a so-called standstill clause..must be clear enough as to permit its direct application. 1980 Wall St. Jrnl. 6 June 1/2 Diamond International disclosed that it is discussing several courses of action that include a ‘standstill agreement’ with Cavenham Holdings. 2003 D. L. Scott Wall St. Words (ed. 3) 358 As part of the standstill agreement, Kerkorian said he would not accumulate additional Chrysler shares, not attempt a hostile takeover, and not launch a proxy fight for a period of five years. Derivatives ˈstandstillism n. ΚΠ 1837 Musical World 23 June 20 Lord Burghersh..is in truth director, conductor, and dictator; in short, the grand primum mobile of the stand-stillism of the academy. 1863 W. Phillips Speeches xxiv. 560 The stupid stand-still-ism of the Cabinet. 2011 Australian (Nexis) 28 Sept. (All-round Country ed.) 14 There seems to be a standstillism that cannot be explained away simply by the constraints imposed by a hung parliament. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2022). < n.adj.a1646
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