adderwortn.

Brit.

/ˈadəwəːt/, U.S.

/ˈædərˌwərt/,

/ˈædərˌwɔrt/

Forms: see adder n.¹ and wort n.¹; also Middle English eddyswort (perhaps transmission error), late Middle English oderwourt (perhaps transmission error).

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Saxon nādarwort dragon arum (Middle Low German nāderwort , adderwort bistort, wild arum), Old High German nātarwurz dragon arum (German Natterwurz bistort, dragon arum (early 15th cent. as nāterwurz ); also Old High German nātarūnwurz (German †nāternwurz (15th cent.)) < the Germanic base of adder n.¹ + the Germanic base of wort n.¹ Compare Dutch adderwortel bistort (1543 as naterwortel).In sense (a) either with reference to the supposed resemblance of the root of the bistort to a coiled snake, or to the root's use in the treatment of snakebites (which was in turn probably inspired by its shape); perhaps originally after classical Latin vīperīna (compare quot. OE¹), use as noun of feminine of vīperīnus viperine adj. and n.² With the use of the word to gloss classical Latin basilicum , basiliscum see the note at the definition and the discussion at basil n.¹ With sense (b) compare dragonwort n. 1.

Now chiefly English regional and historical.

(a) The plant bistort, Persicaria bistorta; also called snakeweed; cf. adder's grass n. 1. †(b) Dragon arum, Dracunculus vulgaris (obsolete).In early use also sometimes rendering Latin basilisca (also basilica), apparently in sense ‘sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum’ (and also rendering Latin ocimum, in the same sense). This identification of the herb basil as adderwort derives from a mistaken association of the name of the herb with the basilisk; see discussion at basil n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Polygonaceae (dock and allies) > [noun] > bistort and allies

adderwortOE

arsesmarta1300

persicarya1400

persicaria?a1450

polygonya1500

buckwheat1548

polygonum1562

passions1568

bistort1578

oysterloit1578

goat's wheat1597

peachwort1597

plumbago1597

redshank1597

snake-weed1597

dragonwort1656

smartweed1787

patience dock1796

red-legs1820

passion dock1828

smartgrass1837

mud knotweed1845

jointweed1866

tear-thumb1866

pinch-weed1883

knotweed1884

sachaline1901

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) vi. 50 Ðeos wyrt þe man uiperinam & oðrum naman nædderwyrt nemneð bið cenned on wætere & on æcerum.

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) cxxxi. 168 Ðeos wyrt þe man basilisca [?a1200 Harl. 6258B basillicam] & oðrum naman nædderwyrt [?a1200 Harl. 6258B næddrewyrt] nemneþ.

c1225 Worcester Glosses to Old Eng. Herbarium in Anglia (1928) 52 21 [Nædderwyrt, basilica] Neddrewurt.

a1325 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 236 [Serpentina] nadderwort.

a1400 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 102 [Dragantea] serpentine, edderwert.

?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 2 (MED) Addyrworte ys an erbe þat som manne callith dragans oþer serpentary, þis erbe is like to þe colour of an nadder all spraklyd.

?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh.) (1950) 148 (MED) Dragansia is an herbe men clepe dragauns or oderwourt [v.rr. edderwort, addyrwort] and serpentyn.

1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas This hearbe hath his root crooked and winding vp, as a snake when he lieth wound vp, and therefore it is called Adderwort.

1787 R. W. Darwin Principia Botanica Index 211 Adder's wort..Polygonum.

1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Gloss. Words Wilts. Adderwort, Polygonum Bistorta, L., Bistort.

2002 A. Van Arsdall Medieval Herbal Remedies v.149 (note) Literally snakeplant (nædre wort in Old English); also called adderwort and viperina in modern English.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	adderwort
释义	adderwortn. Brit. /ˈadəwəːt/, U.S. /ˈædərˌwərt/, /ˈædərˌwɔrt/ Forms: see adder n.¹ and wort n.¹; also Middle English eddyswort (perhaps transmission error), late Middle English oderwourt (perhaps transmission error). Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Saxon nādarwort dragon arum (Middle Low German nāderwort , adderwort bistort, wild arum), Old High German nātarwurz dragon arum (German Natterwurz bistort, dragon arum (early 15th cent. as nāterwurz ); also Old High German nātarūnwurz (German †nāternwurz (15th cent.)) < the Germanic base of adder n.¹ + the Germanic base of wort n.¹ Compare Dutch adderwortel bistort (1543 as naterwortel).In sense (a) either with reference to the supposed resemblance of the root of the bistort to a coiled snake, or to the root's use in the treatment of snakebites (which was in turn probably inspired by its shape); perhaps originally after classical Latin vīperīna (compare quot. OE¹), use as noun of feminine of vīperīnus viperine adj. and n.² With the use of the word to gloss classical Latin basilicum , basiliscum see the note at the definition and the discussion at basil n.¹ With sense (b) compare dragonwort n. 1. Now chiefly English regional and historical. (a) The plant bistort, Persicaria bistorta; also called snakeweed; cf. adder's grass n. 1. †(b) Dragon arum, Dracunculus vulgaris (obsolete).In early use also sometimes rendering Latin basilisca (also basilica), apparently in sense ‘sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum’ (and also rendering Latin ocimum, in the same sense). This identification of the herb basil as adderwort derives from a mistaken association of the name of the herb with the basilisk; see discussion at basil n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Polygonaceae (dock and allies) > [noun] > bistort and allies adderwortOE arsesmarta1300 persicarya1400 persicaria?a1450 polygonya1500 buckwheat1548 polygonum1562 passions1568 bistort1578 oysterloit1578 goat's wheat1597 peachwort1597 plumbago1597 redshank1597 snake-weed1597 dragonwort1656 smartweed1787 patience dock1796 red-legs1820 passion dock1828 smartgrass1837 mud knotweed1845 jointweed1866 tear-thumb1866 pinch-weed1883 knotweed1884 sachaline1901 OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) vi. 50 Ðeos wyrt þe man uiperinam & oðrum naman nædderwyrt nemneð bið cenned on wætere & on æcerum. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) cxxxi. 168 Ðeos wyrt þe man basilisca [?a1200 Harl. 6258B basillicam] & oðrum naman nædderwyrt [?a1200 Harl. 6258B næddrewyrt] nemneþ. c1225 Worcester Glosses to Old Eng. Herbarium in Anglia (1928) 52 21 [Nædderwyrt, basilica] Neddrewurt. a1325 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 236 [Serpentina] nadderwort. a1400 in T. Hunt Plant Names Medieval Eng. (1989) 102 [Dragantea] serpentine, edderwert. ?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 2 (MED) Addyrworte ys an erbe þat som manne callith dragans oþer serpentary, þis erbe is like to þe colour of an nadder all spraklyd. ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh.) (1950) 148 (MED) Dragansia is an herbe men clepe dragauns or oderwourt [v.rr. edderwort, addyrwort] and serpentyn. 1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas This hearbe hath his root crooked and winding vp, as a snake when he lieth wound vp, and therefore it is called Adderwort. 1787 R. W. Darwin Principia Botanica Index 211 Adder's wort..Polygonum. 1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Gloss. Words Wilts. Adderwort, Polygonum Bistorta, L., Bistort. 2002 A. Van Arsdall Medieval Herbal Remedies v.149 (note) Literally snakeplant (nædre wort in Old English); also called adderwort and viperina in modern English. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.OE
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