stato-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek στατός.

Etymology: < ancient Greek στατός standing (see -stat comb. form¹); see -o- connective. Chiefly occurring in compounds that recall senses of static adj. and statics n., and probably often apprehended as being formed from these words.

1. Zoology and Botany. Forming terms relating to reproductive propagules or resting spores in various aquatic organisms.

statoblast n.

Brit.

/ˈstatə(ʊ)blɑːst/

/ˈstatə(ʊ)blast/

U.S.

/ˈstædəˌblæst/

a reproductive gemmule in some sponges and bryozoans, liberated after the death of the parent organism.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > statoblast

statoblast1855

winter bud1856

1855 G. J. Allman in Rep. Brit. Assoc. ii. 118 To the bodies in question, the author proposed to give the name of statoblasts.

1882 Cassell's Nat. Hist. VI. 327 Statoblasts of Spongilla.

1940 Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 59 190 (caption) A ventral view of a floating Hyallinella punctata statoblast showing the slight encroachment of the float upon the capsule.

2003 R. E. Dunmur tr. P. Ax Multicellular Animals III. 74 (caption) Statoblast with chambered, air-filled annulus acting as a float.

statoblastic adj.

Brit.

/ˌstatə(ʊ)ˈblastɪk/

U.S.

/ˌstædəˈblæstɪk/

now rare of or relating to statoblasts; that is a statoblast.

ΚΠ

1866 Proc. Essex Inst. 4 218 At an early stage of growth, while still floating freely in its native element, the statoblastic polypide begins to multiply by the process of budding.

1893 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 170 Dr. P. Demade, from a study of the statoblast in Alcyonlla fungosa and Cristatella mucedo comes to the conclusion that the statoblastic mass is a tissue.

1977 G. Bobin in R. M. Woollacott & R. L. Zimmer Biol. Bryozoans ix. 309 The primordium of the young funiculus, which grows from its distal end that is fixed to the wall, contains a type of precocious statoblastic reserve.

statosphere n.

Brit.

/ˈstatə(ʊ)sfɪə/

U.S.

/ˈstædəˌsfɪ(ə)r/

now rare the statoblast of a sponge or bryozoan; spec. the envelope of this.

ΚΠ

1881 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 8 388 He believed that the characteristics of the statospheres and their spicula were those which furnished the only reliable distinctions among freshwater sponges.

1898 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Statosphere, the envelope of the statoblast of fresh-water Sponges and Bryozoans.

1914 G. C. Whipple Microsc. Drinking Water (ed. 3) ii. xxix. 381 At certain seasons the fresh-water sponges contain seed-like bodies known under the various names of gemmules, ovaria, statoblasts, statospheres, winter-buds, etc.

statospore n.

Brit.

/ˈstatə(ʊ)spɔː/

U.S.

/ˈstædəˌspɔr/

a resting spore in a planktonic alga.

ΚΠ

1861 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 1 283 The..form of motionless segments of the zoospore..clearly has its homologue in many algæ, and for which, perhaps, a more appropriate name may be found in ‘stato-spore’, not sleeping, but free from motion.

1898 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Statospore, a resting spore, or hypnospore.

1958 Limnol. & Oceanogr. 3 60/1 Statospores were formed soon after the appearance of the vegetative cells.

2003 A. S. Cohen Paleolimnol. xi. 297/2 The application of statospores in paleoecological reconstruction has correspondingly lagged behind that of scales.

2. Forming names of instruments for measuring small changes of pressure.

statoscope n.

Brit.

/ˈstatə(ʊ)skəʊp/

U.S.

/ˈstædəˌskoʊp/

[after French statoscope (1885 or earlier)] a form of aneroid barometer for indicating very small changes in atmospheric pressure (rather than measuring the pressure itself), formerly used esp. in balloons and airships to show rates of ascent and descent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > study or science of weather > meteorological instruments > [noun] > barometer > types of

baroscope1665

wheel-barometer1666

water barometer1715

sympiesometer1817

barometrograph1847

aneroid1849

barograph1865

Fortin1875

telebarograph1884

telebarometer1884

telehydrobarometer1884

aneroidograph1890

statoscope1890

barocyclonometer1906

1890 Proc. Royal Soc. 48 66 A modification of Richard's statoscope has been adopted, which is so sensitive that it will indicate the opening or shutting of a door in any part of the house.

1908 Daily Chron. 3 Feb. 6/3 We smashed all our instruments, the first crash quite settling the statoscope.

1930 E. R. Burroughs Tarzan at Earth's Core ii. 20 Before him were compass, aneroids, bubble statoscope, air speed indicator, [etc.].

2009 N. El-Sheimy in J. Shan & C. K. Toth Topographic Laser Ranging & Scanning vi. 196 The use of such auxiliary data in the georeferencing process has almost disappeared completely from photogrammetry, except for the use of the statoscope.

3. Biology. Forming terms relating to structures involved in the maintenance of equilibrium or spatial orientation in various types of organism. Cf. static adj. 5c.See also statometer n. 5.

statoacoustic adj.

Brit.

/ˌstatəʊəˈkuːstɪk/

U.S.

/ˌstædoʊəˈkustɪk/

[after German stato-akustisch (1934 or earlier)] of or relating to the senses of equilibrium and hearing; spec. designating the eighth cranial nerve, which innervates the cochlea and vestibule of the inner ear (now usually known as the vestibulocochlear nerve).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > nervous system > nerve > specific nerves > [adjective] > specific cranial nerves

pathetic1681

pathetical1681

wandering1718

trigeminal1830

trifacial1840

oculomotor1861

vagal1885

oculimotor1890

oculimotory1890

oculogyric1922

statoacoustic1928

1928 H. E. Walter Biol. Vertebr. xx. 696 Although equilibration and hearing are two quite distinct functions, the stato-acoustic organs through which they are mediated in vertebrates are so intimately associated in structure and derivation, that they must be considered together.

1964 J. Z. Young Model of Brain vii. 122 There is thus the possibility of correct interaction of visual and stato-acoustic information, these being the two chief systems that project to the mid-brain roof.

2006 T. Telger tr. R. Probst et al. Basic Otorhinolaryngol. x. 222/1 Rarely, the infection ascends along the statoacoustic nerve and may incite a life-threatening encephalitis in the brainstem.

statocone n.

Brit.

/ˈstatə(ʊ)kəʊn/

U.S.

/ˈstædəˌkoʊn/

[ < stato- comb. form + ancient Greek κονία dust (see conite n.), probably as an alteration of otocone (compare otoconium n.)] Zoology and Anatomy = statoconium n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > bodies or parts > [noun] > statolith

statolith1892

statocone1910

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [noun] > other organelles or contents

raphide1831

body1839

raphid1863

mucigen1874

cell sap1875

globoid1875

raphis1879

pyrenoid1883

mucinogen1884

plastid1885

molluscum corpuscle1886

hyalosome1889

molluscum body1892

statolith1892

dictyosome1893

centrosome1895

Nissl body1898

Nissl granule1898

Nissl substance1899

archespore1901

blepharoplast1907

liposome1910

statocone1910

kinetosome1912

Golgi body1916

kinetoplast1925

lipochondrion1936

microsome1943

kappa1945

Pappenheimer body1947

microbody1954

lysosome1955

siderosome1957

ribosome1958

melanosome1961

cisterna1962

microtubule1962

plasmalemmasome1962

phagolysosome1963

informosome1964

monosome1964

mucocyst1965

peroxisome1965

rhoptry1967

spectrin1968

virosome1970

1910 T. J. Parker & W. A. Haswell Text-bk. Zool. I. xii. 707 Each statocyst [in molluscs] may contain a number of minute statocones or, more usually, a single, larger statolith.

1999 Invertebr. Biol. 118 127/1 Members of this superfamily can be distinguished by..a radula with a well-developed, characteristic rachidian tooth; and statocysts with multiple statocones.

2003 W. Kahle & M. Frotscher Color Atlas Human Anat. (ed. 5) III. 374/1 The sensory epithelium is surmounted by a gelatinous membrane, the statoconic (otolithic) membrane.., which carries crystalline particles of calcium carbonate, the ear crystals, or statocones (otoliths).

statoconium n.

Brit.

/ˌstatə(ʊ)ˈkəʊnɪəm/

U.S.

/ˌstædəˈkoʊniəm/

(plural statoconia) [probably an alteration of otoconium n. after statocyst n.; compare earlier statocone n.] Zoology and Anatomy each of the large number of granules in the statocyst or otolith mass of some animals, similar to a statolith but smaller; (also) a regular statolith or otolith.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > bodies or parts > [noun] > statolith > collectively

statoconium1963

1937 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 30 Oct. 855/2 The ‘otoconia’ and ‘maculae acusticae’ are termed ‘statoconia’ and ‘maculae staticae’.

1963 Biol. Bull. 125 441 In the labyrinth of teleosts there are generally three large statoliths... Most other vertebrates, however, have otolith masses consisting of a very great number of small statoconia held more or less firmly together by an organic gel.

1980 Gray's Anat. (ed. 36) vii. 1205/1 The gelatinous mass into which the cilia project is flatter and is termed an otolithic membrane.., because it contains numerous minute crystalline bodies called otoliths, otoconia, or statoconia.

2002 R. B. Chase Behavior & its Neural Control Gastropod Molluscs iii. 48 The statoconia move around in the fluid as a mass.

statocyst n.

Brit.

/ˈstatə(ʊ)sɪst/

U.S.

/ˈstædəˌsɪst/

Zoology a small organ of balance and orientation in some aquatic invertebrates, consisting of a sensory vesicle or cell containing statoliths.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > bodies or parts > [noun] > statolith > cell containing

statocyst1892

statocyte1900

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [noun] > other types of cells

reticular cell1832

torula1833

reserve cell1842

subcell1844

parenchyma cell1857

pedicel cell1858

nettle cell1870

heterocyst1872

prickle cell1872

angioblast1875

palisade cell1875

sextant1875

spindle cell1876

neuroblast1878

body cell1879

plasma cell1882

reticulum cell1882

stem cell1885

Langhans1886

basal cell1889

pole cell1890

myelocyte1891

statocyst1892

mast cell1893

thrombocyte1893

iridocyte1894

precursor1895

nurse cell1896

amacrine1900

statocyte1900

mononuclear1903

oat cell1903

myeloblast1904

trochoblast1904

adipocyte1906

polynuclear1906

fibrocyte1911

akaryote1920

Rouget cell1922

Sternberg–Reed1922

amphicyte1925

monoblast1925

pericyte1925

promyelocyte1925

pituicyte1930

agamete1932

sympathogonia1934

athrocyte1938

progenitor1938

Reed–Sternberg cell1939

submarginal1941

delta cell1942

mastocyte1947

squame1949

podocyte1954

transformed cell1956

transformant1957

spheroplast1958

pinealocyte1961

immunocyte1963

lactotroph1966

mammotroph1966

minicell1967

proheterocyst1970

myofibroblast1971

cybrid1974

1892 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 480 It may be that the structures are ‘statocysts’ or organs of equilibration, like similar sacs in other animals.

1904 F. Darwin in Nature 8 Sept. 468/1 In the Crustacean Palæmon the sense of verticality depends on the pressure of heavy bodies on the inside of cavities now known as statocysts, and formerly believed to be organs of hearing.

2002 P. Herring Biol. Deep Ocean vi. 140 The statocysts of decapod crustaceans take various forms (a simple bowl or a three-dimensional canal system) and are sensitive to angular acceleration.

statocyte n.

Brit.

/ˈstatə(ʊ)sʌɪt/

U.S.

/ˈstædəˌsaɪt/

Zoology and Botany each of the cells or cysts containing statoliths.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > bodies or parts > [noun] > statolith > cell containing

statocyst1892

statocyte1900

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [noun] > other types of cells

reticular cell1832

torula1833

reserve cell1842

subcell1844

parenchyma cell1857

pedicel cell1858

nettle cell1870

heterocyst1872

prickle cell1872

angioblast1875

palisade cell1875

sextant1875

spindle cell1876

neuroblast1878

body cell1879

plasma cell1882

reticulum cell1882

stem cell1885

Langhans1886

basal cell1889

pole cell1890

myelocyte1891

statocyst1892

mast cell1893

thrombocyte1893

iridocyte1894

precursor1895

nurse cell1896

amacrine1900

statocyte1900

mononuclear1903

oat cell1903

myeloblast1904

trochoblast1904

adipocyte1906

polynuclear1906

fibrocyte1911

akaryote1920

Rouget cell1922

Sternberg–Reed1922

amphicyte1925

monoblast1925

pericyte1925

promyelocyte1925

pituicyte1930

agamete1932

sympathogonia1934

athrocyte1938

progenitor1938

Reed–Sternberg cell1939

submarginal1941

delta cell1942

mastocyte1947

squame1949

podocyte1954

transformed cell1956

transformant1957

spheroplast1958

pinealocyte1961

immunocyte1963

lactotroph1966

mammotroph1966

minicell1967

proheterocyst1970

myofibroblast1971

cybrid1974

1900 E. A. Minchin in E. R. Lankester Treat. Zool. ii. 60 Gemmule cells or statocytes, such as compose the gemmule in Spongilla.

1984 Amer. Biol. Teacher 46 258 (caption) Statocytes are characterized by the presence of numerous sedimented amyloplasts.

2009 W. G. Hopkins & N. P. A. Hüner Introd. Plant Physiol. (ed. 4) xxiii. 402/1 Statocytes are cells containing sedimentable starch grains.

statolith n.

Brit.

/ˈstatə(ʊ)lɪθ/

U.S.

/ˈstædəˌlɪθ/

(a) Zoology a calcareous particle in the statocyst of an invertebrate; cf. otolith n. 1; (b) Botany each of a number of specialized mobile starch grains found in certain plant cells (esp. of the root cap), thought to be involved in the perception of gravity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > bodies or parts > [noun] > statolith

statolith1892

statocone1910

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [noun] > other organelles or contents

raphide1831

body1839

raphid1863

mucigen1874

cell sap1875

globoid1875

raphis1879

pyrenoid1883

mucinogen1884

plastid1885

molluscum corpuscle1886

hyalosome1889

molluscum body1892

statolith1892

dictyosome1893

centrosome1895

Nissl body1898

Nissl granule1898

Nissl substance1899

archespore1901

blepharoplast1907

liposome1910

statocone1910

kinetosome1912

Golgi body1916

kinetoplast1925

lipochondrion1936

microsome1943

kappa1945

Pappenheimer body1947

microbody1954

lysosome1955

siderosome1957

ribosome1958

melanosome1961

cisterna1962

microtubule1962

plasmalemmasome1962

phagolysosome1963

informosome1964

monosome1964

mucocyst1965

peroxisome1965

rhoptry1967

spectrin1968

virosome1970

1892 Arch. Otol. 21 330 The otoliths, having nothing to do with the function of hearing (which seems to be absent in these animals), are called statoliths by the author.

1903 F. Darwin in Nature 16 Apr. 571/2 The Statolith Theory of Geotropism.

1955 Sci. News 36 92 Even plants which have no statoliths respond to gravitational stimuli.

1962 D. Nichols Echinoderms vi. 83 These are tiny fluid-filled spheres containing calcareous statoliths, the differential movement of which is registered in special nerves.

1969 Nature 28 June 1229/1 Starch statoliths are mobile starch grains found in almost all plant organs that respond to gravity.

1975 Nature 2 Oct. 380/2 Statoliths of at least one species of cephalopod are composed of aragonite, a stable form of calcium carbonate.

2002 New Scientist 19 Jan. 108/1 (advt.) Gastropod statoliths: tools for evaluating growth in scavenging and carnivorous neogastropods.

statoplast n.

Brit.

/ˈstatə(ʊ)plɑːst/

/ˈstatə(ʊ)plast/

U.S.

/ˈstædəˌplæst/

Botany (now disused) = statolith n. (b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > cell > types of > starch-grain or amyloplast

amyloplast1886

statoplast1904

1904 Nature 8 Sept. 468/2 (note) I would suggest the word statoplast in place of the cumbersome expression movable starch-grains.

1911 Ann. Bot. 25 262 An examination of the character and distribution of the starch shows a remarkable development of ‘statoplasts’ whose appearance coincides with the first indication of graviperception.

statorhabd n.

Brit.

/ˈstatə(ʊ)rabd/

U.S.

/ˈstædəˌræbd/

[ < stato- comb. form + ancient Greek ῥάβδος rod (see rhabdo- comb. form)] Zoology rare = tentaculocyst n.

ΚΠ

1910 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 143/2 In the Trachylinæ the simplest condition of the otocyst is a freely projecting club, a so-called statorhabd.

4. Forming terms relating to J. A. Ryder's theory of the origin of organic structures. Now historical.

statogenesis n.

Brit.

/ˌstatə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnᵻsɪs/

U.S.

/ˌstædəˈdʒɛnəsəs/

the (theoretical) origin of organic structures from static conditions (opposed to kinetogenesis n. at kineto- comb. form ).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [noun] > morphogenesis

morphogeny1879

morphogenesis1890

statogenesis1893

statogeny1893

morphopoiesis1959

1893 Bk. News July 469/2 The dear old books..did not worry our young lives with their ‘life history’ or their ‘biogenetic relations’ or the ‘kinetogenesis’ and ‘statogenesis’.

1896 E. D. Cope Primary Factors Org. Evol. x. 496 Statogenesis is the expression of a form of energy which characterizes inorganic matter.

1969 P. F. Boller Amer. Thought in Transition i. 18 He had..coined scores of clumsy new words—catagenesis, bathmogenesis, ergogenesis, emphytogenesis, statogenesis, mnemogenesis—in an effort to bolster his position.

† statogenetic adj. Obsolete rare of or relating to statogenesis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [adjective] > morphogenesis

morphogenetic1884

morphogenic1890

statogenetic1893

morphopoietic1963

1893 J. A. Ryder in Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 31 198 In so far [as] the figure of a developing being is disturbed or modified by statical agencies its figure may be said to be subject to statogenetic influences.

1895 J. A. Ryder in Science 7 July 623/1 The statogenetic forces, though dependent upon metabolism, are produced as a consequence rather of the interaction of the surface layers of the plasma of the cells.

† statogenetically adv. Obsolete rare by means of statogenesis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [adverb] > morphogenesis

statogenetically1893

morphogenetically1905

1893 J. A. Ryder in Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 31 194 Any formal modification thus caused and maintained would be developed statogenetically.

† statogeny n. Obsolete rare = statogenesis n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [noun] > morphogenesis

morphogeny1879

morphogenesis1890

statogenesis1893

statogeny1893

morphopoiesis1959

1893 J. A. Ryder in Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 31 194 This general term ergogeny, will include not only kinetogeny, but also its antithesis, statogeny.

1895 J. A. Ryder in Science 7 July 623/2 The effect of statogeny extends throughout the entire organism.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	stato-
释义	stato-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek στατός. Etymology: < ancient Greek στατός standing (see -stat comb. form¹); see -o- connective. Chiefly occurring in compounds that recall senses of static adj. and statics n., and probably often apprehended as being formed from these words. 1. Zoology and Botany. Forming terms relating to reproductive propagules or resting spores in various aquatic organisms. statoblast n. Brit. /ˈstatə(ʊ)blɑːst/ , /ˈstatə(ʊ)blast/ , U.S. /ˈstædəˌblæst/ a reproductive gemmule in some sponges and bryozoans, liberated after the death of the parent organism. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > reproductive substances or cells > [noun] > statoblast statoblast1855 winter bud1856 1855 G. J. Allman in Rep. Brit. Assoc. ii. 118 To the bodies in question, the author proposed to give the name of statoblasts. 1882 Cassell's Nat. Hist. VI. 327 Statoblasts of Spongilla. 1940 Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 59 190 (caption) A ventral view of a floating Hyallinella punctata statoblast showing the slight encroachment of the float upon the capsule. 2003 R. E. Dunmur tr. P. Ax Multicellular Animals III. 74 (caption) Statoblast with chambered, air-filled annulus acting as a float. statoblastic adj. Brit. /ˌstatə(ʊ)ˈblastɪk/ , U.S. /ˌstædəˈblæstɪk/ now rare of or relating to statoblasts; that is a statoblast. ΚΠ 1866 Proc. Essex Inst. 4 218 At an early stage of growth, while still floating freely in its native element, the statoblastic polypide begins to multiply by the process of budding. 1893 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 170 Dr. P. Demade, from a study of the statoblast in Alcyonlla fungosa and Cristatella mucedo comes to the conclusion that the statoblastic mass is a tissue. 1977 G. Bobin in R. M. Woollacott & R. L. Zimmer Biol. Bryozoans ix. 309 The primordium of the young funiculus, which grows from its distal end that is fixed to the wall, contains a type of precocious statoblastic reserve. statosphere n. Brit. /ˈstatə(ʊ)sfɪə/ , U.S. /ˈstædəˌsfɪ(ə)r/ now rare the statoblast of a sponge or bryozoan; spec. the envelope of this. ΚΠ 1881 Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 8 388 He believed that the characteristics of the statospheres and their spicula were those which furnished the only reliable distinctions among freshwater sponges. 1898 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Statosphere, the envelope of the statoblast of fresh-water Sponges and Bryozoans. 1914 G. C. Whipple Microsc. Drinking Water (ed. 3) ii. xxix. 381 At certain seasons the fresh-water sponges contain seed-like bodies known under the various names of gemmules, ovaria, statoblasts, statospheres, winter-buds, etc. statospore n. Brit. /ˈstatə(ʊ)spɔː/ , U.S. /ˈstædəˌspɔr/ a resting spore in a planktonic alga. ΚΠ 1861 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 1 283 The..form of motionless segments of the zoospore..clearly has its homologue in many algæ, and for which, perhaps, a more appropriate name may be found in ‘stato-spore’, not sleeping, but free from motion. 1898 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Statospore, a resting spore, or hypnospore. 1958 Limnol. & Oceanogr. 3 60/1 Statospores were formed soon after the appearance of the vegetative cells. 2003 A. S. Cohen Paleolimnol. xi. 297/2 The application of statospores in paleoecological reconstruction has correspondingly lagged behind that of scales. 2. Forming names of instruments for measuring small changes of pressure. statoscope n. Brit. /ˈstatə(ʊ)skəʊp/ , U.S. /ˈstædəˌskoʊp/ [after French statoscope (1885 or earlier)] a form of aneroid barometer for indicating very small changes in atmospheric pressure (rather than measuring the pressure itself), formerly used esp. in balloons and airships to show rates of ascent and descent. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > study or science of weather > meteorological instruments > [noun] > barometer > types of baroscope1665 wheel-barometer1666 water barometer1715 sympiesometer1817 barometrograph1847 aneroid1849 barograph1865 Fortin1875 telebarograph1884 telebarometer1884 telehydrobarometer1884 aneroidograph1890 statoscope1890 barocyclonometer1906 1890 Proc. Royal Soc. 48 66 A modification of Richard's statoscope has been adopted, which is so sensitive that it will indicate the opening or shutting of a door in any part of the house. 1908 Daily Chron. 3 Feb. 6/3 We smashed all our instruments, the first crash quite settling the statoscope. 1930 E. R. Burroughs Tarzan at Earth's Core ii. 20 Before him were compass, aneroids, bubble statoscope, air speed indicator, [etc.]. 2009 N. El-Sheimy in J. Shan & C. K. Toth Topographic Laser Ranging & Scanning vi. 196 The use of such auxiliary data in the georeferencing process has almost disappeared completely from photogrammetry, except for the use of the statoscope. 3. Biology. Forming terms relating to structures involved in the maintenance of equilibrium or spatial orientation in various types of organism. Cf. static adj. 5c.See also statometer n. 5. statoacoustic adj. Brit. /ˌstatəʊəˈkuːstɪk/ , U.S. /ˌstædoʊəˈkustɪk/ [after German stato-akustisch (1934 or earlier)] of or relating to the senses of equilibrium and hearing; spec. designating the eighth cranial nerve, which innervates the cochlea and vestibule of the inner ear (now usually known as the vestibulocochlear nerve). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > nervous system > nerve > specific nerves > [adjective] > specific cranial nerves pathetic1681 pathetical1681 wandering1718 trigeminal1830 trifacial1840 oculomotor1861 vagal1885 oculimotor1890 oculimotory1890 oculogyric1922 statoacoustic1928 1928 H. E. Walter Biol. Vertebr. xx. 696 Although equilibration and hearing are two quite distinct functions, the stato-acoustic organs through which they are mediated in vertebrates are so intimately associated in structure and derivation, that they must be considered together. 1964 J. Z. Young Model of Brain vii. 122 There is thus the possibility of correct interaction of visual and stato-acoustic information, these being the two chief systems that project to the mid-brain roof. 2006 T. Telger tr. R. Probst et al. Basic Otorhinolaryngol. x. 222/1 Rarely, the infection ascends along the statoacoustic nerve and may incite a life-threatening encephalitis in the brainstem. statocone n. Brit. /ˈstatə(ʊ)kəʊn/ , U.S. /ˈstædəˌkoʊn/ [ < stato- comb. form + ancient Greek κονία dust (see conite n.), probably as an alteration of otocone (compare otoconium n.)] Zoology and Anatomy = statoconium n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > bodies or parts > [noun] > statolith statolith1892 statocone1910 the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [noun] > other organelles or contents raphide1831 body1839 raphid1863 mucigen1874 cell sap1875 globoid1875 raphis1879 pyrenoid1883 mucinogen1884 plastid1885 molluscum corpuscle1886 hyalosome1889 molluscum body1892 statolith1892 dictyosome1893 centrosome1895 Nissl body1898 Nissl granule1898 Nissl substance1899 archespore1901 blepharoplast1907 liposome1910 statocone1910 kinetosome1912 Golgi body1916 kinetoplast1925 lipochondrion1936 microsome1943 kappa1945 Pappenheimer body1947 microbody1954 lysosome1955 siderosome1957 ribosome1958 melanosome1961 cisterna1962 microtubule1962 plasmalemmasome1962 phagolysosome1963 informosome1964 monosome1964 mucocyst1965 peroxisome1965 rhoptry1967 spectrin1968 virosome1970 1910 T. J. Parker & W. A. Haswell Text-bk. Zool. I. xii. 707 Each statocyst [in molluscs] may contain a number of minute statocones or, more usually, a single, larger statolith. 1999 Invertebr. Biol. 118 127/1 Members of this superfamily can be distinguished by..a radula with a well-developed, characteristic rachidian tooth; and statocysts with multiple statocones. 2003 W. Kahle & M. Frotscher Color Atlas Human Anat. (ed. 5) III. 374/1 The sensory epithelium is surmounted by a gelatinous membrane, the statoconic (otolithic) membrane.., which carries crystalline particles of calcium carbonate, the ear crystals, or statocones (otoliths). statoconium n. Brit. /ˌstatə(ʊ)ˈkəʊnɪəm/ , U.S. /ˌstædəˈkoʊniəm/ (plural statoconia) [probably an alteration of otoconium n. after statocyst n.; compare earlier statocone n.] Zoology and Anatomy each of the large number of granules in the statocyst or otolith mass of some animals, similar to a statolith but smaller; (also) a regular statolith or otolith. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > bodies or parts > [noun] > statolith > collectively statoconium1963 1937 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 30 Oct. 855/2 The ‘otoconia’ and ‘maculae acusticae’ are termed ‘statoconia’ and ‘maculae staticae’. 1963 Biol. Bull. 125 441 In the labyrinth of teleosts there are generally three large statoliths... Most other vertebrates, however, have otolith masses consisting of a very great number of small statoconia held more or less firmly together by an organic gel. 1980 Gray's Anat. (ed. 36) vii. 1205/1 The gelatinous mass into which the cilia project is flatter and is termed an otolithic membrane.., because it contains numerous minute crystalline bodies called otoliths, otoconia, or statoconia. 2002 R. B. Chase Behavior & its Neural Control Gastropod Molluscs iii. 48 The statoconia move around in the fluid as a mass. statocyst n. Brit. /ˈstatə(ʊ)sɪst/ , U.S. /ˈstædəˌsɪst/ Zoology a small organ of balance and orientation in some aquatic invertebrates, consisting of a sensory vesicle or cell containing statoliths. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > bodies or parts > [noun] > statolith > cell containing statocyst1892 statocyte1900 the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [noun] > other types of cells reticular cell1832 torula1833 reserve cell1842 subcell1844 parenchyma cell1857 pedicel cell1858 nettle cell1870 heterocyst1872 prickle cell1872 angioblast1875 palisade cell1875 sextant1875 spindle cell1876 neuroblast1878 body cell1879 plasma cell1882 reticulum cell1882 stem cell1885 Langhans1886 basal cell1889 pole cell1890 myelocyte1891 statocyst1892 mast cell1893 thrombocyte1893 iridocyte1894 precursor1895 nurse cell1896 amacrine1900 statocyte1900 mononuclear1903 oat cell1903 myeloblast1904 trochoblast1904 adipocyte1906 polynuclear1906 fibrocyte1911 akaryote1920 Rouget cell1922 Sternberg–Reed1922 amphicyte1925 monoblast1925 pericyte1925 promyelocyte1925 pituicyte1930 agamete1932 sympathogonia1934 athrocyte1938 progenitor1938 Reed–Sternberg cell1939 submarginal1941 delta cell1942 mastocyte1947 squame1949 podocyte1954 transformed cell1956 transformant1957 spheroplast1958 pinealocyte1961 immunocyte1963 lactotroph1966 mammotroph1966 minicell1967 proheterocyst1970 myofibroblast1971 cybrid1974 1892 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 480 It may be that the structures are ‘statocysts’ or organs of equilibration, like similar sacs in other animals. 1904 F. Darwin in Nature 8 Sept. 468/1 In the Crustacean Palæmon the sense of verticality depends on the pressure of heavy bodies on the inside of cavities now known as statocysts, and formerly believed to be organs of hearing. 2002 P. Herring Biol. Deep Ocean vi. 140 The statocysts of decapod crustaceans take various forms (a simple bowl or a three-dimensional canal system) and are sensitive to angular acceleration. statocyte n. Brit. /ˈstatə(ʊ)sʌɪt/ , U.S. /ˈstædəˌsaɪt/ Zoology and Botany each of the cells or cysts containing statoliths. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > bodies or parts > [noun] > statolith > cell containing statocyst1892 statocyte1900 the world > life > biology > substance > cell > types of cells > [noun] > other types of cells reticular cell1832 torula1833 reserve cell1842 subcell1844 parenchyma cell1857 pedicel cell1858 nettle cell1870 heterocyst1872 prickle cell1872 angioblast1875 palisade cell1875 sextant1875 spindle cell1876 neuroblast1878 body cell1879 plasma cell1882 reticulum cell1882 stem cell1885 Langhans1886 basal cell1889 pole cell1890 myelocyte1891 statocyst1892 mast cell1893 thrombocyte1893 iridocyte1894 precursor1895 nurse cell1896 amacrine1900 statocyte1900 mononuclear1903 oat cell1903 myeloblast1904 trochoblast1904 adipocyte1906 polynuclear1906 fibrocyte1911 akaryote1920 Rouget cell1922 Sternberg–Reed1922 amphicyte1925 monoblast1925 pericyte1925 promyelocyte1925 pituicyte1930 agamete1932 sympathogonia1934 athrocyte1938 progenitor1938 Reed–Sternberg cell1939 submarginal1941 delta cell1942 mastocyte1947 squame1949 podocyte1954 transformed cell1956 transformant1957 spheroplast1958 pinealocyte1961 immunocyte1963 lactotroph1966 mammotroph1966 minicell1967 proheterocyst1970 myofibroblast1971 cybrid1974 1900 E. A. Minchin in E. R. Lankester Treat. Zool. ii. 60 Gemmule cells or statocytes, such as compose the gemmule in Spongilla. 1984 Amer. Biol. Teacher 46 258 (caption) Statocytes are characterized by the presence of numerous sedimented amyloplasts. 2009 W. G. Hopkins & N. P. A. Hüner Introd. Plant Physiol. (ed. 4) xxiii. 402/1 Statocytes are cells containing sedimentable starch grains. statolith n. Brit. /ˈstatə(ʊ)lɪθ/ , U.S. /ˈstædəˌlɪθ/ (a) Zoology a calcareous particle in the statocyst of an invertebrate; cf. otolith n. 1; (b) Botany each of a number of specialized mobile starch grains found in certain plant cells (esp. of the root cap), thought to be involved in the perception of gravity. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > bodies or parts > [noun] > statolith statolith1892 statocone1910 the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [noun] > other organelles or contents raphide1831 body1839 raphid1863 mucigen1874 cell sap1875 globoid1875 raphis1879 pyrenoid1883 mucinogen1884 plastid1885 molluscum corpuscle1886 hyalosome1889 molluscum body1892 statolith1892 dictyosome1893 centrosome1895 Nissl body1898 Nissl granule1898 Nissl substance1899 archespore1901 blepharoplast1907 liposome1910 statocone1910 kinetosome1912 Golgi body1916 kinetoplast1925 lipochondrion1936 microsome1943 kappa1945 Pappenheimer body1947 microbody1954 lysosome1955 siderosome1957 ribosome1958 melanosome1961 cisterna1962 microtubule1962 plasmalemmasome1962 phagolysosome1963 informosome1964 monosome1964 mucocyst1965 peroxisome1965 rhoptry1967 spectrin1968 virosome1970 1892 Arch. Otol. 21 330 The otoliths, having nothing to do with the function of hearing (which seems to be absent in these animals), are called statoliths by the author. 1903 F. Darwin in Nature 16 Apr. 571/2 The Statolith Theory of Geotropism. 1955 Sci. News 36 92 Even plants which have no statoliths respond to gravitational stimuli. 1962 D. Nichols Echinoderms vi. 83 These are tiny fluid-filled spheres containing calcareous statoliths, the differential movement of which is registered in special nerves. 1969 Nature 28 June 1229/1 Starch statoliths are mobile starch grains found in almost all plant organs that respond to gravity. 1975 Nature 2 Oct. 380/2 Statoliths of at least one species of cephalopod are composed of aragonite, a stable form of calcium carbonate. 2002 New Scientist 19 Jan. 108/1 (advt.) Gastropod statoliths: tools for evaluating growth in scavenging and carnivorous neogastropods. statoplast n. Brit. /ˈstatə(ʊ)plɑːst/ , /ˈstatə(ʊ)plast/ , U.S. /ˈstædəˌplæst/ Botany (now disused) = statolith n. (b). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > cell > types of > starch-grain or amyloplast amyloplast1886 statoplast1904 1904 Nature 8 Sept. 468/2 (note) I would suggest the word statoplast in place of the cumbersome expression movable starch-grains. 1911 Ann. Bot. 25 262 An examination of the character and distribution of the starch shows a remarkable development of ‘statoplasts’ whose appearance coincides with the first indication of graviperception. statorhabd n. Brit. /ˈstatə(ʊ)rabd/ , U.S. /ˈstædəˌræbd/ [ < stato- comb. form + ancient Greek ῥάβδος rod (see rhabdo- comb. form)] Zoology rare = tentaculocyst n. ΚΠ 1910 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 143/2 In the Trachylinæ the simplest condition of the otocyst is a freely projecting club, a so-called statorhabd. 4. Forming terms relating to J. A. Ryder's theory of the origin of organic structures. Now historical. statogenesis n. Brit. /ˌstatə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnᵻsɪs/ , U.S. /ˌstædəˈdʒɛnəsəs/ the (theoretical) origin of organic structures from static conditions (opposed to kinetogenesis n. at kineto- comb. form ). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [noun] > morphogenesis morphogeny1879 morphogenesis1890 statogenesis1893 statogeny1893 morphopoiesis1959 1893 Bk. News July 469/2 The dear old books..did not worry our young lives with their ‘life history’ or their ‘biogenetic relations’ or the ‘kinetogenesis’ and ‘statogenesis’. 1896 E. D. Cope Primary Factors Org. Evol. x. 496 Statogenesis is the expression of a form of energy which characterizes inorganic matter. 1969 P. F. Boller Amer. Thought in Transition i. 18 He had..coined scores of clumsy new words—catagenesis, bathmogenesis, ergogenesis, emphytogenesis, statogenesis, mnemogenesis—in an effort to bolster his position. † statogenetic adj. Obsolete rare of or relating to statogenesis. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [adjective] > morphogenesis morphogenetic1884 morphogenic1890 statogenetic1893 morphopoietic1963 1893 J. A. Ryder in Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 31 198 In so far [as] the figure of a developing being is disturbed or modified by statical agencies its figure may be said to be subject to statogenetic influences. 1895 J. A. Ryder in Science 7 July 623/1 The statogenetic forces, though dependent upon metabolism, are produced as a consequence rather of the interaction of the surface layers of the plasma of the cells. † statogenetically adv. Obsolete rare by means of statogenesis. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [adverb] > morphogenesis statogenetically1893 morphogenetically1905 1893 J. A. Ryder in Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 31 194 Any formal modification thus caused and maintained would be developed statogenetically. † statogeny n. Obsolete rare = statogenesis n. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > evolution > [noun] > morphogenesis morphogeny1879 morphogenesis1890 statogenesis1893 statogeny1893 morphopoiesis1959 1893 J. A. Ryder in Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 31 194 This general term ergogeny, will include not only kinetogeny, but also its antithesis, statogeny. 1895 J. A. Ryder in Science 7 July 623/2 The effect of statogeny extends throughout the entire organism. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1855
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