starostan.

Brit.

/ˈstarɒstə/, U.S.

/ˈstɛrɑstə/,

/ˈstɑrɑstə/

Forms:

α. 1500s starust, 1600s– starost, 1600s– staroste, 1700s stahrost.

β. 1700s starosti (irregular), 1700s– starosta, 1800s starosti (plural).

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Russian. Partly a borrowing from Polish. Also partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Russian starosta; Polish starosta; French staroste.

Etymology: In sense 1 < Russian starosta head of a community or group (11th cent. in Old Russian), a derivative from the Slavonic base of Russian staryj , Polish stary old. In sense 2 < Polish starosta head of a lower-level administrative division in the Kingdom of Poland (1374; formed similarly to Russian starosta ), originally via French staroste (1606 with reference to Poland, in the passage translated in quot. 1607 at sense 2; 1815 with reference to Russia). Compare starosty n. Compare Middle High German staroste, starost, starast (14th cent.), German Starost, chiefly with reference to Poland.

1. In Russia: the head of a village community, typically elected, and having various judicial and administrative responsibilities.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > [noun] > those in authority > person in authority > head or chief > of a village or community

starosta1591

patel1630

malik1662

penghulu1705

aksakal1811

ratemahatmaya1818

caboceer1836

lambardar1855

thugyi1863

princeps1874

capitao1884

omda1898

luluai1924

big man1927

kadkhoda1934

mukhiya1934

sarpanch1963

headman1997

1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth x. f. 33 Besides these..there are Starusts or Aldermen for euerie seuerall companie.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 84 One family, whose chief..performs the functions of staroste, or magistrate of the village.

1799 W. Tooke View Russ. Empire I. 460 Their elders, whom they still..style Starosts.

1810 E. D. Clarke Trav. Var. Countries: Pt. 1st ix. 166 Any person arriving in a town or village, must produce his [passport] to the Starosta.

1854 A. G. De Gurowski Russia as it Is (ed. 3) ix. 195 The starosta receives a salary amounting to thirty dollars.

1901 Scotsman 5 Apr. 7/2 At Nijni Novgorod..the starosta, or chief of the village artel, comes to buy the supply of material.

1975 R. G. Robbins Famine in Russia, 1891–1892 i. 11 In the company of the village starosta.., the traveler might be invited to visit some of the houses.

2002 M. L. Paxson in D. J. O'Brien & S. K. Wegren Rural Reform in Post-Soviet Russia vi. 159 This starosta should speak for the village when there are problems (such as flooded roads or downed power lines).

2. In the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth: a noble holding a domain bestowed by the monarch, and acting as royal representative and governor of that domain. Later also: a civil official appointed by the monarch to oversee a particular area.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > [noun] > noble person or man > of other foreign countries

earl1585

starosta1607

illustrissimo1623

fidalgo1638

nawab1682

1607 W. Russell Rep. Massacre in Citty of Mosco sig. C4^v They had plotted together to haue massacred all the Boyars..and to plant in their stead, the Polonian Vayvodes, and to constitute new Castelans, and Starostes [Fr. Starostes].

1670 London Gaz. No. 504/1 Major-General Bokumbs..has been lately killed by a Peasant, who was hired to commit the murther by a Staroste.

1740 J. Fransham World in Miniature I. 202 The Starosts are Governors of Towns and Castles.

1791 World 24 Nov. Mons. de Malachowski, Starost of Opozinski, and Minister from Poland at the Court of Dresden.

1827 J. Bowring Specimens Polish Poets 137 His father was the starost of Korytnik.

1896 Cosmopolitan Feb. 445 She assures us that she and her sisters have the bearing ‘becoming young ladies of high station, and daughters of a Staroste’.

1957 New Cambr. Mod. Hist. VII. vii. 160 In the provinces the king could appoint a starosta, or sheriff, to promulgate royal orders, collect taxes, preserve order and perform some judicial duties.

2010 J. Łabno Commemorating Polish Renaissance Child (2011) x. 191 The tomb is one of the family monuments commissioned by Jan's father, Andrzej Modliszewski, starosta of Łomza.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	starosta
释义	starostan. Brit. /ˈstarɒstə/, U.S. /ˈstɛrɑstə/, /ˈstɑrɑstə/ Forms: α. 1500s starust, 1600s– starost, 1600s– staroste, 1700s stahrost. β. 1700s starosti (irregular), 1700s– starosta, 1800s starosti (plural). Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Russian. Partly a borrowing from Polish. Also partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Russian starosta; Polish starosta; French staroste. Etymology: In sense 1 < Russian starosta head of a community or group (11th cent. in Old Russian), a derivative from the Slavonic base of Russian staryj , Polish stary old. In sense 2 < Polish starosta head of a lower-level administrative division in the Kingdom of Poland (1374; formed similarly to Russian starosta ), originally via French staroste (1606 with reference to Poland, in the passage translated in quot. 1607 at sense 2; 1815 with reference to Russia). Compare starosty n. Compare Middle High German staroste, starost, starast (14th cent.), German Starost, chiefly with reference to Poland. 1. In Russia: the head of a village community, typically elected, and having various judicial and administrative responsibilities. ΘΚΠ society > authority > [noun] > those in authority > person in authority > head or chief > of a village or community starosta1591 patel1630 malik1662 penghulu1705 aksakal1811 ratemahatmaya1818 caboceer1836 lambardar1855 thugyi1863 princeps1874 capitao1884 omda1898 luluai1924 big man1927 kadkhoda1934 mukhiya1934 sarpanch1963 headman1997 1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth x. f. 33 Besides these..there are Starusts or Aldermen for euerie seuerall companie. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 84 One family, whose chief..performs the functions of staroste, or magistrate of the village. 1799 W. Tooke View Russ. Empire I. 460 Their elders, whom they still..style Starosts. 1810 E. D. Clarke Trav. Var. Countries: Pt. 1st ix. 166 Any person arriving in a town or village, must produce his [passport] to the Starosta. 1854 A. G. De Gurowski Russia as it Is (ed. 3) ix. 195 The starosta receives a salary amounting to thirty dollars. 1901 Scotsman 5 Apr. 7/2 At Nijni Novgorod..the starosta, or chief of the village artel, comes to buy the supply of material. 1975 R. G. Robbins Famine in Russia, 1891–1892 i. 11 In the company of the village starosta.., the traveler might be invited to visit some of the houses. 2002 M. L. Paxson in D. J. O'Brien & S. K. Wegren Rural Reform in Post-Soviet Russia vi. 159 This starosta should speak for the village when there are problems (such as flooded roads or downed power lines). 2. In the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth: a noble holding a domain bestowed by the monarch, and acting as royal representative and governor of that domain. Later also: a civil official appointed by the monarch to oversee a particular area. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > [noun] > noble person or man > of other foreign countries earl1585 starosta1607 illustrissimo1623 fidalgo1638 nawab1682 1607 W. Russell Rep. Massacre in Citty of Mosco sig. C4^v They had plotted together to haue massacred all the Boyars..and to plant in their stead, the Polonian Vayvodes, and to constitute new Castelans, and Starostes [Fr. Starostes]. 1670 London Gaz. No. 504/1 Major-General Bokumbs..has been lately killed by a Peasant, who was hired to commit the murther by a Staroste. 1740 J. Fransham World in Miniature I. 202 The Starosts are Governors of Towns and Castles. 1791 World 24 Nov. Mons. de Malachowski, Starost of Opozinski, and Minister from Poland at the Court of Dresden. 1827 J. Bowring Specimens Polish Poets 137 His father was the starost of Korytnik. 1896 Cosmopolitan Feb. 445 She assures us that she and her sisters have the bearing ‘becoming young ladies of high station, and daughters of a Staroste’. 1957 New Cambr. Mod. Hist. VII. vii. 160 In the provinces the king could appoint a starosta, or sheriff, to promulgate royal orders, collect taxes, preserve order and perform some judicial duties. 2010 J. Łabno Commemorating Polish Renaissance Child (2011) x. 191 The tomb is one of the family monuments commissioned by Jan's father, Andrzej Modliszewski, starosta of Łomza. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1591
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