Addisonn.

Brit.

/ˈadᵻs(ə)n/, U.S.

/ˈædəsən/

Origin: From a proper name; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: proper name Addison.

Etymology: < the name of Thomas Addison, English physician (1795–1860). In Addison's disease n. at sense 1 after French maladie d'Addison (A. Trousseau 1856, in Bull. de l'Acad. Impériale de Méd. 21 1036).Addison described a series of cases of anaemia with abnormality of the adrenal glands in 1849 ( London Med. Gaz. 8 517), and a series of patients with Addison's disease in On the constitutional and local effects of disease of the supra-renal capsules (1855).

Medicine.

1. Addison's disease n. a disorder caused by chronic deficiency of corticosteroid hormones resulting from disease affecting the adrenal glands, characterized by weight loss, weakness, increased pigmentation of the skin, and episodes of vomiting, diarrhoea, and abdominal pain; chronic adrenocortical insufficiency. Cf. Addisonism n., Addisonian adj.²

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > glandular disorders > [noun] > diseases characterized by

glandular fever1725

adenosis1848

Addison's disease1856

Hodgkin's disease1865

Addisonism1906

adrenalism1910

renal infantilism1912

infectious mononucleosis1915

renal dwarfism1919

renal rickets1926

Sjögren's disease or syndrome1938

1856 Med. Times & Gaz. 30 Aug. 230/2 Lecturing on..the Bronze Disease, shown by Addison to be so frequently connected with disease of the supra-renal capsules, M. Trousseau suggests that it should be denominated ‘Addison's Disease’.

1876 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. ii. iv. 582 Addison's disease occurs much more frequently in males than in females.

1910 Geogr. Jrnl. 43 704 The direct cause of his death was Addison's disease.

1954 I. Asimov Chemicals of Life x. 142 In the case of out-of-order adrenals the condition is called Addison's disease.

1996 R. Gosden Cheating Time i. 27 Addison's disease was frequently a complication of tuberculosis in those days.

2001 Financial Times 27 Jan. (Weekend Suppl.) p. IX/7 Kennedy..suffered from Addison's disease, a failure of the adrenal glands.

2. Addison's anaemia n. now chiefly historical = pernicious anaemia n. Cf. Addisonian anaemia n. at Addisonian adj.² Special uses.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > deficiency of red cells > anaemia > types of

ischemy1855

pernicious anaemia1874

ischaemia1878

Addison's anaemia1886

Addisonian pernicious anaemia1894

favism1903

Addisonian anaemia1904

hypoplastic anaemia1906

sickle cell anaemia1922

sicklemia1932

thalassaemia1932

Cooley's anaemia1934

Mediterranean disease1936

target cell anaemia1938

1883 P. H. Pye-Smith in Guy's Hosp. Rep. 41 246 (heading) Relation of Addison's to other forms of anæmia.]

1886 P. H. Pye-Smith Fagge's Princ. & Pract. Med. II. Index 827 Cases of Addison's anæmia.

1898 Allbutt's Syst. Med. VI. 521 The latter author refers to the records of seven cases which doubtless fall into the category of ‘Addison's anæmia’.

1932 Brit. Jrnl. Children's Dis. 29 221 The essential features of this case were a severe hæmolytic jaundice, not due to Addison's anæmia or to acholuria, occurring in a child one year old, with an enlarged spleen.

2004 Jrnl. Lab. & Clin. Med. 144 225 Although sometimes called ‘Addison's Anemia’ it has been more commonly known as ‘pernicious anemia’ since that term was introduced in 1872 by Anton Biermer.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	addison
释义	Addisonn. Brit. /ˈadᵻs(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈædəsən/ Origin: From a proper name; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymon: proper name Addison. Etymology: < the name of Thomas Addison, English physician (1795–1860). In Addison's disease n. at sense 1 after French maladie d'Addison (A. Trousseau 1856, in Bull. de l'Acad. Impériale de Méd. 21 1036).Addison described a series of cases of anaemia with abnormality of the adrenal glands in 1849 ( London Med. Gaz. 8 517), and a series of patients with Addison's disease in On the constitutional and local effects of disease of the supra-renal capsules (1855). Medicine. 1. Addison's disease n. a disorder caused by chronic deficiency of corticosteroid hormones resulting from disease affecting the adrenal glands, characterized by weight loss, weakness, increased pigmentation of the skin, and episodes of vomiting, diarrhoea, and abdominal pain; chronic adrenocortical insufficiency. Cf. Addisonism n., Addisonian adj.² ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > glandular disorders > [noun] > diseases characterized by glandular fever1725 adenosis1848 Addison's disease1856 Hodgkin's disease1865 Addisonism1906 adrenalism1910 renal infantilism1912 infectious mononucleosis1915 renal dwarfism1919 renal rickets1926 Sjögren's disease or syndrome1938 1856 Med. Times & Gaz. 30 Aug. 230/2 Lecturing on..the Bronze Disease, shown by Addison to be so frequently connected with disease of the supra-renal capsules, M. Trousseau suggests that it should be denominated ‘Addison's Disease’. 1876 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. ii. iv. 582 Addison's disease occurs much more frequently in males than in females. 1910 Geogr. Jrnl. 43 704 The direct cause of his death was Addison's disease. 1954 I. Asimov Chemicals of Life x. 142 In the case of out-of-order adrenals the condition is called Addison's disease. 1996 R. Gosden Cheating Time i. 27 Addison's disease was frequently a complication of tuberculosis in those days. 2001 Financial Times 27 Jan. (Weekend Suppl.) p. IX/7 Kennedy..suffered from Addison's disease, a failure of the adrenal glands. 2. Addison's anaemia n. now chiefly historical = pernicious anaemia n. Cf. Addisonian anaemia n. at Addisonian adj.² Special uses. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of blood > [noun] > deficiency of red cells > anaemia > types of ischemy1855 pernicious anaemia1874 ischaemia1878 Addison's anaemia1886 Addisonian pernicious anaemia1894 favism1903 Addisonian anaemia1904 hypoplastic anaemia1906 sickle cell anaemia1922 sicklemia1932 thalassaemia1932 Cooley's anaemia1934 Mediterranean disease1936 target cell anaemia1938 1883 P. H. Pye-Smith in Guy's Hosp. Rep. 41 246 (heading) Relation of Addison's to other forms of anæmia.] 1886 P. H. Pye-Smith Fagge's Princ. & Pract. Med. II. Index 827 Cases of Addison's anæmia. 1898 Allbutt's Syst. Med. VI. 521 The latter author refers to the records of seven cases which doubtless fall into the category of ‘Addison's anæmia’. 1932 Brit. Jrnl. Children's Dis. 29 221 The essential features of this case were a severe hæmolytic jaundice, not due to Addison's anæmia or to acholuria, occurring in a child one year old, with an enlarged spleen. 2004 Jrnl. Lab. & Clin. Med. 144 225 Although sometimes called ‘Addison's Anemia’ it has been more commonly known as ‘pernicious anemia’ since that term was introduced in 1872 by Anton Biermer. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1856
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