stentn.1
/stɛnt/, U.S. /stɛnt/ Obsolete exc. Scottish. † b. ? Valuation. Obsolete.
a. The valuation or assessment of property formerly made for purposes of taxation; the amount or value assessed, tax, impost, duty. = extent n. 1a, 1b.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > [noun]
tacka1300
taxa1327
tail1340
stent138.
emption1467
duty1474
stint1485
teamc1485
liverage1544
stipend1545
toust1574
sess1579
cut1634
censure1641
gild1656
leviation1681
levation1690
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > [noun] > fixing amount of tax > valuation for
extentc1330
stent138.
stint1485
rating1534
assessmentc1540
ratement?1577
rate1600
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > [noun] > fixing amount of tax > assessed value
extentc1330
stent138.
stint1485
α.
β. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur i. xxiv. 72 I had leuer than the stynte of my land a yere that he were on lyue.1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur vii. xxxv. 269 I wold not for the stynte of my croune to be causar to withdrawe your hertes.a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. xliv To pay the v. part of the stynte of theyr Landes.a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 116 That al such rentys as be inhaunnsyd by memory of man schold be rebatyd & set to the old stynt of that tyme.a1563 V. Leigh Moste Profitable Sci. Surueying (1577) sig. M ijv That he maie thereby the better perceiue what euery Tenaunte commonly paieth for an acre..after the stinte of his rente.1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 157 They should..pay the fift part of the stint of their landes.1740 New Hist. Jamaica 55 The Successors of Columbus..used the utmost Severity in collecting the Stints which they imposed.138. J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. II. 422 Whanne a prelat dieþ þe pope wole have his stente of alle þat falliþ to his hous.
c1390–1400 in R. Glouc. (Rolls) 7678 [MS. C has stentes for rentes in the following passage: Þe king willam..Let enqueri þoru al engelonde..þe rentes of ech toun].
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 474/1 Stente, or certeyne of valwe, or drede [Winch. dette], and oþer lyke,.. taxacio.
c1503 R. Arnold Chron. sig. Aiiij/1 The valewe and steynte of the benyfice of seint magnus in london.
1535 in State Papers Henry VIII (1834) II. 249 Your Counsaill..may foresee a new stent to be made of your revenewes.
1557 in J. D. Marwick Edinb. Guilds & Crafts (1909) 89 That na burges sonn..salbe haldin to pay taxt, stent, walk or waird..nocht haffing stob nor staik.
1581 W. Stafford Compend. Exam. Complaints (1876) ii. 35 And so as the pryce of your wares riseth; and yet I doe but keepe my land at the olde stent.
1642 in J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) Life J. Row 20 The presbitrye had sett down a stent on every kirk.
1657 Kirk Sess. Rec. in J. Campbell Balmerino (1899) 408 Ane staint of a hunder merkis laid upon the heritors.
1786 R. Burns Twa Dogs vii, in Poems 12 Our Laird gets in his racked rents, His coals, his kane, an' a' his stents.
1862 G. Henderson Matthew in Lowland Sc. ix. 9 (E.D.D.) He saw a man sittin' at the resett o' stent.
1883 W. C. Smith N. Country Folk 103 Mad Earl lxvii And there are three old burghs too, paying him stents and dues.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > [noun] > so as to fix value
taxationc1325
estimation1382
appraising1430
valuing1434
stentc1460
appreciationc1475
prizement1481
sessinga1500
value1523
valuation1529
esteemc1547
estimate1565
appraisement1583
apprizement1605
pricea1616
appraisal1698
apprizing1754
evaluation1755
c1460 R. Roos tr. La Belle Dame sans Mercy 769 in Polit. Relig. & Love Poems (1903) 108 I can nat se but all is at o stent, Þe good, þe yll, þe vyce, and eke vertu.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
stent maker n.
ΚΠ
1613 Extracts Burgh Rec. Glasgow (1876) 337 Sindrie.. quha in tyme bygane haif blasphemit the stent makeris.
stent making n.
ΚΠ
1569 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 683 Anent the assisting, contributioun, and stent making in tyme bipast.
C2.
stent oil n. ? the quantity of oil claimed as duty on the year's produce.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > payment or service to feudal superior > [noun] > payments in produce or goods
fodder corn1222
wood-tale1235
malt-gavel?a1375
ground-bird1560
avenage1594
spendinga1599
stent oil1614
aver-corn1670
booting-corn1670
brennage1753
truncage1893
1614 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 486/1 Payand..for thrie leischepund 1½ merk stent oylie 5 pundis 2s. 2d.
1633 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 740/2 Reddendo unum lie leispund de lie stent-oyllie.
stent-roll n. assessment roll.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > [noun] > tax list or book
stent-roll1517
king's books1536
tax-roll1545
task-roll1577
task-book1624
tax-booka1640
cadastre1804
cataster1855
tax-list1898
1517 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1903) V. 126 Item..for non-delivering of thair stent row ijs.
1657 Melrose Regality Rec. (S.H.S.) I. 162 The whole elders of the parish..to collect and deliver to him the stent of their towns conform to the stent-roll produced.
1723 R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) III. 44 Some are threatened to have their stent-roll heightened in August next, if they come not in and vote.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† stentn.2
Scottish. Obsolete. rare.
? A staple or hole to receive the end of a bar.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] > bolt or bar > hole to receive the end of
stent1488
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iv. l. 238 Wallace..Be fors off handis he [a locked bar] raist out off the stent [1570 sprent].
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
stentn.3
/stɛnt/, U.S. /stɛnt/, Scottish English /stɛnt/ Scottish.
A stake for stretching fishing nets upon in a river. Also in combination stent-net.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > net > [noun] > fixed net > stakes for
houghelc1570
stenta1712
a1712 J. Lauder Decisions (1759) I. 293 There were two other points then found irregular in them, viz. their fishing with stent-nets. 2 do, Their [etc.].
1806 W. M. Morison Decisions Court of Session XXXIII. 14283 The Lords..prohibited the defenders..from using stent-nets or hang-nets, of any sort.
1863 MacQueen's Rep. (1866) IV. 548 The right to put a stake or stents in the alveus of the river,..and the right to use the stakes when placed there for the purposes of fishing.
1900 Law Rep.: Appeal Cases 418 The one end of the stent net being fixed by an anchor in the stream.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
stentn.4
/stɛnt/, U.S. /stɛnt/ Tin-mining rubble.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > mineral material > [noun] > mining refuse or rubbish
rough1677
old man1747
small1778
stent1778
vestry1784
gobbin1811
spoil1838
stowing1860
dump1865
muck1883
spoil-heap1883
mine-dump1909
society > occupation and work > industry > mining > [noun] > quantity of coal cleared before moving
stint1850
stent1902
1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis 133 Care is requisite to throw off the Stent or rubble from the tye to itself.
1902 S. Baring-Gould Bk. of West II. v. 63 The rubbish thrown out of a mine is called stent.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
stentn.5
/stɛnt/, U.S. /stɛnt/ Medicine.
a. Used attributively, absol., and in the possessive to designate a substance invented by him for taking dental impressions; (also) an impression or cast of a part or body cavity made of this or a similar substance, and used to maintain pressure on it so as to promote healing, esp. of a skin graft. The form Stents is a proprietary name.
ΚΠ
1878 C. Hunter Mech. Dentistry i. 2 Wax as an impression material is now seldom used, composition (Godiva, or Stent) or plaster of Paris being now almost invariably employed.
1899 Trade Marks Jrnl. 15 Feb. 155 Stents... A composition, sold in tablet form, specially intended for taking impressions of the gums and for like dental purposes. Caroline Stent, 5, Coventry Street, London, W.C.; dentist and manufacturer of dental composition.
1920 H. D. Gillies Plastic Surgery of Face i. 10 An impression of the Sulcus is taken with warm Stent.
1920 H. D. Gillies Plastic Surgery of Face i. 10 The dental composition used for this purpose is that put forward by Stent, and a mould composed of it is known as a ‘Stent’.
1939 S. Fomon Surg. Injury & Plastic Repair ii. 128 Over irregular areas and where the base lacks resistance, such as on the eyelids and neck, and in inaccessible areas, like the nose and mouth..the use of dental modeling compound, commonly referred to as stent, is invaluable, as it acts in the dual capacity of pressure dressing and splint.
1939 S. Fomon Surg. Injury & Plastic Repair xvii. 1268 All cicatricial tissue beneath the surface is removed to form a pocket into which a stent mold covered with a razor graft, raw side out, is buried and sutured in place.
1961 Webster's 3rd New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Stent, also stint.
1961 A. S. MacNalty Brit. Med. Dict. 1350/1 Stent's composition, a proprietary form of composition used in dentistry, and in skin grafting.
1964 R. J. V. Battle Plastic Surg. x. 234 An impression of the raw surface [of the eyelid] must be taken in Stent's wax.
b. A tube implanted temporarily in a vessel or part.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > other surgical equipment > [noun] > tube or cannula > other tubes
pipeeOE
pipe?a1425
nose tube1857
feeding-tube1884
tracheotomy tube1897
tracheostomy tube1961
stent1964
grummet1966
1964 Jrnl. Prosthetic Dentistry 14 1168 All stents must be removed daily and cleaned. A pipestem cleaner is effective in cleaning the tube.
1975 Year Bk. Ear, Nose & Throat 114 Packing consists of a rayon basket with cellulose sponges in the meatus. Sutures and packing are removed after 7 days. Stents are not used.
1978 Sci. Amer. Apr. 67/1 A soft Teflon tube called a stent is placed in the vessel to keep the lumen open and facilitate the suturing.
1980 D. M. Mahoney in R. C. A. Weatherley-White Plastic Surg. Female Breast vii. 203/2 At the time of the surgery, the physician lacerates the common bile duct and the liver. Both are successfully repaired but the common bile duct, of course, requires a stint.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† stentadj.1
Scottish. Obsolete.
Extended; distended; taut.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > [adjective]
stent1513
stretchinga1547
distent1590
stretched?1605
distending1633
stretchen1642
extending1812
outreaching1853
the world > space > extension in space > expansion or enlargement > [adjective] > distending > distended
tautc1330
distent?1606
outstretcheda1616
distended1697
stent1789
stodgy1860
bestented-
the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > types of hardness > [adjective] > taut
stiffc1386
unrelaxed1508
taut1567
tight1576
strait1578
strict1578
starka1642
tense1671
stith1825
strict1860
stent1886
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ix. vii. 31 The wod was large,..Of breris ful, and thyk thorn ronnis stent.
1789 D. Davidson Thoughts Seasons 120 Until her apron was sae stent [with gathered nuts], The strings in targets, flew.
1886 J. Barrowman Gloss. Sc. Mining Terms 64 Stent, taut.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
stentadj.2
/stɛnt/, U.S. /stɛnt/, Scottish English /stɛnt/ Scottish.
Assessed, taxed.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > [adjective] > assessed
stentedc1440
stent1544
assessed1796
1544 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Court of Requests (1898) 122 The Lordes & ther offycers wolde not alow ther yeldyng stent fynes.
1679 Spirit of Popery 16 I judge it fit..to leave my Testimony against the stent taxation cess that hath been so unjustly imposed.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
stentv.1
/stɛnt/, U.S. /stɛnt/, Scottish English /stɛnt/ Scottish.† 2. To extend (a person) on, in (an instrument of torture). Also with out. Obsolete.† 3. To keep in place, stiffen (garments, etc.). Obsolete.
1. † b. transferred. To set up, erect (a tomb). Obsolete.† c. To hang with curtains. Obsolete.
a. transitive. To extend, stretch out or set (a tent, sail, curtain, net, etc.) in its proper position.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > extend [verb (transitive)] > stretch out
stretchc900
astretchc1000
i-stretchec1000
thinc1000
to-tightc1200
reacha1300
spreada1382
extendc1386
to lay outa1400
streeka1400
outstretcha1425
rekea1425
stentc1430
outreach?1440
inch out1878
c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) iv. vi. 177 Þe cordes þat þe wylde beste hadde stented [Fr. tendu] in my wey.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvi. 282 He..gert ane tent soyne stentit be.
1496 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 293 Giffin to xij pynouris to stent the Kingis pailȝounis, vij s.
1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 191 To scip thai went, And swyth vp saile vnto the top thai stent.
a1510 G. Douglas King Hart 378 The courtinis all of gold about the bed Weill stentit was quhair fair Dame Plesance lay.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. iv. 111 The south wyndis stentis furth strait our schete.
1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione at Particata But of the vulgar people there is but ane forme of metting vsed.., to wit,..be ane string or coard, of sex elnes lang, stented betwixt twa staues.
a1650 D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1843) II. 365 An ensigne was caried before her..stented betwixt two speeres.
1806 W. M. Morison Decisions Court of Session XXXIII. 14280 He..stented his nets across both the head and foot of another pool.
1815 W. Finlayson Simple Sc. Rhymes 85 (E.D.D.) Your fiddle sweet, stent ilka string, An dinna spare 't.
1900 Law Rep.: Appeal Cases 409 No net had ever been declared illegal that had not been fixed or stented.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > [verb (transitive)] > set up tomb
stent1513
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ix. iv. 120 And in my memor vp a tumbe to stent.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > covers or hangings > [verb (transitive)] > cover or furnish with hangings > with curtains
curtainc1300
encurtain1393
stent1512
teld1825
1512 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 279 Item,..deliverit to Thome of Pebles to stent the wyndois of the Palace of Linlithgow.., xxxvj elnis Bertane claith.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > torture > [verb (transitive)] > on the rack
spread?c1225
fordrawc1380
enginec1405
rack?a1439
stentc1480
streekc1480
draw1481
brake1530
excarnificate1570
excruciate1570
stretch1585
to break on the torture1598
distend1599
tenter1615
tousea1616
tympanize1647
society > authority > punishment > torture > [verb (transitive)] > on wheel
stentc1480
wheel1611
to break on the wheela1640
c1480 (a1400) St. Vincent 155 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 263 Þar-for in a frame stent hyme in lynth & brede, lith & lyme.
c1480 (a1400) St. Juliana 157 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 428 A quhele þan he gert sone dycht,..& stent hir þar-one but hone vith cordis.
c1500 W. Kennedy Passion of Christ 783 Lord, my syn..Garis þe now ly stentit on þe tre.
1728 A. Ramsay Miser & Minos in Fables & Tales 44 Should he..stented be on Ixion's wheel?
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restrain [verb (transitive)] > hold in check
bridleOE
tempera1050
chastec1230
to hold inc1300
straina1340
stintc1366
attemperc1380
restraina1387
rulea1391
ward1390
coarctc1400
obtemper?a1425
to hold or keep (a person) shortc1425
compesce1430
stent1488
coactc1520
repressa1525
compress1526
control1548
snaffle1555
temperatea1568
brank1574
halter1577
curb1588
shortena1599
to bear (a rein) upon1603
check1629
coerceate1657
bit1825
throttle1862
hold1901
the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > types of hardness > [verb (transitive)] > make stiff or rigid
stivea1375
stiff1486
stent1488
stiffen1622
rigidify1842
stark1862
rigidize1936
1488 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 139 Item, for thre elne of rownde braide clayth to stynt the saim thre dowblatis.
1501 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 26 Item, for xviij elne cammas to stent the samyn ruf, xviij s.
1504 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 293 Payit..for lynyng clath to stent the said cheseb on, iij s.
1552–3 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1913) X. 164 Item, v. quarteris small canves to stent the same [doublat], iij s. ix d.
4. transferred. To distend (the stomach). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > cause disorders of internal organs [verb (transitive)] > distend
to-blowc1000
inflate1528
blast1578
stent1801
1801 J. Thomson Poems Sc. Dial. 51 As lang as we get meal and bread, And ither things to stent our wame.
Derivatives
ˈstented adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > [adjective] > extended or stretched out
forth-straȝta1382
straight14..
streekingc1425
stented1513
stretched1518
outstretched1535
intended1590
out-stenta1598
exporrected1650
distended1834
the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > [adjective] > increasing in length > drawing out forcibly or tightly > drawn out forcibly or tightly
straightly1422
stented1513
reached1579
intended1590
stretched?1605
well-drawn1611
strained1640
distended1665
straightened1667
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. xi. 7 The quene was set at deis, Vndir hir glorius stentit capitale.
18.. Burns' Mary Morrison ii, in Whitelaw Sc. Songs (1844) 49 Yestreen, when to the stented string The dance gaed through the lichtit ha'.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† stentv.2
Chiefly Scottish. Obsolete.absolute.1569 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. II. 12 That thai [our Soverane Lordis liegis, landit men] convene..and stent and contribute every man according to the avale of thair landis.
1. transitive. To assess, tax (a person, community, country).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > levy (a tax) [verb (transitive)] > fix amount of tax > fix amount due from (a person or people)
stend1402
stentc1440
sess1475
assess1495
set1521
censea1719
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 474/1 Stentyd, taxatus.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. cxliii The Lordis and Gentylmen were stynted at certeyne men after the value of theyr Landys.
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. cv The warde of Algate was stynted or sessyd at .xxx.li.
1557–8 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1913) X. 334 To vesie and considder quha wes absent witht thair oxin stentit to carie the munitioun of Hume.
c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 135 Then thay began to stent the Kinges ledges within the schire of Angouss.
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd ii. i For never did he stent Us in our thriving, wi' a racket rent.
2. To assess and tax (land, goods).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > levy (a tax) [verb (transitive)] > fix amount of tax > fix amount due from (goods or land)
stent1548
1548–9 in Accts. Ld. High Treasurer Scotl. (1911) IX. 278 Chargeing the Shereffis to gif up thair retoures of the landis withtin thair sherefdomes and ballieries for stenting of the punde landis, etc.
1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 18/1 To prescribe hys lawes, to stinte his landes, and such other.
1654 Kirk Sess. Rec. in J. Campbell Balmerino (1899) 408 [Three elders appointed as] stentours..impartiallie to stent and sie what bolls of victuall everie heretor was.
1848 Edinb. Topogr., Trad. & Antiquarian Mag. Dec. 146 The lands and barony of Nevay, stented at £5 old, and £20 new extent.
3. To levy (a sum of money) as an assessment; to determine the amount of (an assessment).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > levy (a tax) [verb (transitive)] > fix amount of tax
assess1447
modify1448
sess1467
cess1523
assize1525
stent1633
1633 in A. McKay Hist. Kilmarnock (1880) 153 [Parliament passed an Act to establish a school in every parish in Scotland,] upon a sum to be stented upon every plough or husband land.
1687 in W. Cramond Rec. Elgin (1903) I. 341 The Counsell appoyntit Saturday next..for stenting the cess.
1720 in W. Cramond Ann. Cullen (1888) 80 For ale and brandy at stenting the Lambas cess 15s.
Derivatives
ˈstented adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > [adjective] > assessed
stentedc1440
stent1544
assessed1796
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 474/1 Stentyd, taxatus.
ˈstenting n.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > [noun]
impositionc1374
taxing1413
levy1427
taxation1447
finance?c1475
taxage1483
levying1496
raisec1500
talliation1531
leviation1538
lay1558
tousting1565
stenting1587
cuttinga1599
imposing1610
assize1642
1587 Sc. Acts Jas. VI (1814) III. 508/2 Fra all taxationis..watching warding stenting and vtheris chargeis.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
<
n.1138.
n.21488n.3a1712
n.41778n.51878
adj.11513adj.21544v.1c1430v.2c1440- water hempagrimony
- water hen
- water her hole!
- water hickory
- water his hole!
- water hog
- water holder
- water horehound
- water horse
- water horsetail
- water hose
- water house
- water hyacinth
- water hyssop
- water icing
- water in
- water in a person's shoes
- water in the brain
- water in the head
- water injection
- water insect
- water insecurity
- water intake
- wall-border
- wall-bound