stithyn.

/ˈstɪði/

Forms: α. Middle English steþi, Middle English stethie, Middle English stiþi, Middle English stithi, Middle English–1600s stithie, Middle English–1500s stethy, stythy(e, 1500s stythie, (Middle English styhthy, 1500s stethye, stithye, 1600s stythe), 1600s– stithy; β. chiefly Scottish and northernMiddle English–1500s stedy, Middle English stedye, 1500s steddye, steddie, stedee, steadie, 1800s steddy, steady; 1500s styd(d)y, styddie, stidhy, 1500s, 1800s stiddie, 1600s– stiddy; γ. only Scottish and northernMiddle English–1500s, 1700s–1800s study, 1500s, 1700s–1800s studdie, 1500s–1800s studdy, (1500s stude, studie, 1800s stoddy).

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse steði.

Etymology: < Old Norse steði weak masculine (accusative steðja ) < prehistoric *staþjan- , < Germanic root *sta- to stand v.Normally the Old Norse steði should become *steþe in Middle English This is represented by stith n., most of the forms of which, however, show irregular vowel-change. The disyllabic forms here may be compared with those of smithy n. from Old Norse smiðja weak feminine.

a. An anvil.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > forging equipment > anvil

anvileOE

stithy1295

stithc1300

α.

1295 MS. Exch. Acc. 5/8 Et viij d. in uno stithi et stithistok portando..usque ad placeam galee.

a1300 Cursor Mundi 23237 Als it war dintes on a steþi þat smythes smittes in a smeþey.

c1340 Nominale (Skeat) 507 Tenailes enclume et fow, tonges stethie and bely.

c1423 Inv. in Raine Abps. York (Rolls) III. 306 Pro j incude magna, vocata stethy, de ferro.

c1480 (a1400) St. Adrian 454, 457 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 285 Þe emperoure..gert bryng hyme a gret steþi. sone þai sanctis..to þe stedy brocht wes þane..& gert þar theis brokine be sa smal [etc.].

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 288/4 He commanded to brynge forth an anuelt or a stythye.

1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 123^v The Anuild..is an auncient addycion of armory, and is called in ye Northerne tongue a Stethye.

1656 J. Trapp Comm. Mark vii. 33 The wise Lapidist brings not his softer stones to the stithy.

1662 H. Hibbert Syntagma Theologicum 108 Mans heart..like the stithy, is still the harder for beating.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. App. Stithy, or Stuthy.

1813 W. Scott Rokeby i. 46 While on the stithy glows the steel.

1867 T. Carlyle Reminisc. (1881) II. 42 Well do I remember our return.., with the clink of Alick's stithy alone audible.

1870 Good Words Apr. 253/2 [A nail-shop] in which a..sharp young fellow..is shedding showers of ruddy sparks from his ‘stithy’, or small anvil.

1890 A. J. Armstrong Ingleside Musings 153 But hear the sang, the ringin' stithy sings.

figurative.1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. vi. 155 ‘Let me sleep on that hard point,’ said Varney; ‘I cannot else perfect the device I have on the stithy.’1869 J. R. Lowell Fam. Epist. to Friend 76 Let whoso likes be beat, poor fool, On life's hard stithy to a tool.β. c1340Stedy: [see α. ]. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. i. v. 227 Iwball..wes the first þat musik fand, Wiþ hameris clynkand on a stedye [v.rr. stythy, study].1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. xi. 67 Five..citeis, Thar wapynnis to renew..Sett vp forgys and steyle stydyis fyne.1565 J. Jewel tr. in Replie Hardinges Answeare viii. 387 Job saithe, Stetit cor eius sicut incus: His harte stoode as a steadie.1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. Tii The more you strike iron vpon the stidhy, the harder & tougher y^e iron is.1868 J. C. Atkinson Gloss. Cleveland Dial. Stiddy, (often pr. stithy), an anvil.1894 P. H. Hunter James Inwick x. 131 It was a waly hammer he swung, an'..whan he brocht it doun, he gart the stiddy dirl an' the sparks flee.1902 S. Baring-Gould Nebo the Nailer ii. 9 Each ‘jack’ has in it socket holes. Into one of these..the ‘steady’ is inserted, a slip of steel, upon which the worker places the white-hot end of his rod, and hammers it into shape.γ. c1425Study: [see β. ]. a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Abbot of Tungland in Poems (1998) I. 162 As blaksmyth bruikit was his pallatt For battering at the study.1583 in W. Cramond Rec. Elgin (1903) I. 172 Ane battering studdy.1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 379/2 A Pewterers..Bossing Studdy, or Stiddy.1786 R. Burns Poems 25 [He] Brings hard owrehip..The strong forehammer, Till block an' studdie ring an' reel.1841 C. H. Hartshorne Salopia Antiqua Gloss. Study, a small anvil used in manufacturing nails.1864 J. Brown Jeems 18 You hear the ring of the blacksmith's study, you see the smoke of his forge.1900 C. Murray Hamewith 17 But see him..in his smiddy, An' mark the thuds that shape the shoon, An' dint the very studdy.

b. transferred.

ΚΠ

c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) i. iv. §4 The hammeres are the nether lip, the top of the tongue, and the midle tongue. The stiddles the overlip, the outward teeth, the inward teeth, and the roofe of the mouth.

†2. Anatomy. The anvil bone of the ear = incus n. 1 (Cf. anvil n. 3) Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > bones of ear > incus

stithy1578

anvil1594

stith1633

incus1669

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 10^v This is the second Ossicle, called by the name of a stedy or anueld.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 592 Those two [bones of the ear] which are knowne by the names of the Anuill or the Stithy, and the Mallet or Hammer.

3. A forge, smithy.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > places for working with specific materials > place for working with metal > [noun] > forge or smithy

smitheeOE

smithya1250

forgec1405

stithy1604

blacksmith's shop1668

smithery1755

blacksmith shop1794

blacksmitherya1854

α.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. ii. 82 My imaginations are as foule As Vulcans stithy .

1850 G. P. R. James Old Oak Chest I. 149 On this green, detached from all other houses, stood the stithy.

1876 W. Morris Story of Sigurd iii. 178 When the day of the smith is ended and the stithy's fire dies out.

β. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Linc. 169 James Yorke a Blacksmith of Lincolne..is a Servant as well of Apollo as Vulcan, turning his Stiddy into a Study, having lately set forth a Book of Heraldry.1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Stiddy, Stithy,..used sometimes..for the smith's shop.

†4. A disease incident to horses and oxen. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of horses > [noun] > other disorders of horses

trench?a1450

colt-evilc1460

affreyd?1523

cholera1566

crick1566

incording1566

leprosy1566

taint1566

eyesore1576

fistula1576

wrench1578

birth1600

garrot1600

stithy1600

stifling1601

stranglings1601

hungry evil1607

pose1607

crest-fall1609

pompardy1627

felteric1639

quick-scab1639

shingles1639

clap1684

sudden taking1688

bunches1706

flanks1706

strangles1706

chest-founderingc1720

body-founder1737

influenza1792

foundering1802

horse-sickness1822

stag-evil1823

strangullion1830

shivering1847

dourine1864

swamp fever1870

African horse sickness1874

horse-pox1884

African horse disease1888

wind-stroke1890

thump1891

leucoencephalitis1909

western equine encephalitis1933

stachybotryotoxicosis1945

rhinopneumonitis1957

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xxiii. 132 The stithie [Fr. l'encueur] hapning to the oxe, being otherwise called a mallet or hammer, is knowen when the beast hath his haire standing vpright, [etc.].

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Encueur, the Stithie; (a disease of horses, and cattell).

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Marteau, a hammer..; also, the Stithie (a beasts disease).

1706 in Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) ; and in some later Dicts.

Compounds

C1. General attributive (in sense 1).

stithy-man n.

ΚΠ

1597 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. ii. i. 27 The subtile Stithy-man.

stithy-work n.

ΚΠ

1839 T. Carlyle Chartism viii. 72 He had learned metallurgy, stithy-work in general.

C2.

stithy-stock n. the stock or base of an anvil.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > forging equipment > anvil > stock

stithy-stock1295

stock1295

1295Stithistok [see sense 1aα. ].

1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 305/2 Acmotheta,..the anuile or stithe stocke.

1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Stiddy-stock, a stand for an anvil.

Derivatives

† ˈstithy v. Obsolete transitive to forge (literal and figurative).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > shape or give shape to [verb (transitive)] > by or as by hammering

forgec1400

stithyc1420

hammer1522

anvil1596

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > forge or shape

smithOE

forgec1400

stithy1609

smithy1733

c1420 J. Wyclif Josh. Prol. Wite he me not in to repreuynge of oold men newe thingis to stithie [L. sciat me non in reprehensionem veterum nova cudere].

1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida iv. vii. 139 But by the forge that stichied [1623 stythied] Mars his helme. Ile kill thee euery where.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	stithy
释义	stithyn. /ˈstɪði/ Forms: α. Middle English steþi, Middle English stethie, Middle English stiþi, Middle English stithi, Middle English–1600s stithie, Middle English–1500s stethy, stythy(e, 1500s stythie, (Middle English styhthy, 1500s stethye, stithye, 1600s stythe), 1600s– stithy; β. chiefly Scottish and northernMiddle English–1500s stedy, Middle English stedye, 1500s steddye, steddie, stedee, steadie, 1800s steddy, steady; 1500s styd(d)y, styddie, stidhy, 1500s, 1800s stiddie, 1600s– stiddy; γ. only Scottish and northernMiddle English–1500s, 1700s–1800s study, 1500s, 1700s–1800s studdie, 1500s–1800s studdy, (1500s stude, studie, 1800s stoddy). Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse steði. Etymology: < Old Norse steði weak masculine (accusative steðja ) < prehistoric staþjan- , < Germanic root sta- to stand v.Normally the Old Norse steði should become steþe in Middle English This is represented by stith n., most of the forms of which, however, show irregular vowel-change. The disyllabic forms here may be compared with those of smithy n. from Old Norse smiðja* weak feminine. 1. a. An anvil. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > forging equipment > anvil anvileOE stithy1295 stithc1300 α. 1295 MS. Exch. Acc. 5/8 Et viij d. in uno stithi et stithistok portando..usque ad placeam galee. a1300 Cursor Mundi 23237 Als it war dintes on a steþi þat smythes smittes in a smeþey. c1340 Nominale (Skeat) 507 Tenailes enclume et fow, tonges stethie and bely. c1423 Inv. in Raine Abps. York (Rolls) III. 306 Pro j incude magna, vocata stethy, de ferro. c1480 (a1400) St. Adrian 454, 457 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 285 Þe emperoure..gert bryng hyme a gret steþi. sone þai sanctis..to þe stedy brocht wes þane..& gert þar theis brokine be sa smal [etc.]. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 288/4 He commanded to brynge forth an anuelt or a stythye. 1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 123^v The Anuild..is an auncient addycion of armory, and is called in ye Northerne tongue a Stethye. 1656 J. Trapp Comm. Mark vii. 33 The wise Lapidist brings not his softer stones to the stithy. 1662 H. Hibbert Syntagma Theologicum 108 Mans heart..like the stithy, is still the harder for beating. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. App. Stithy, or Stuthy. 1813 W. Scott Rokeby i. 46 While on the stithy glows the steel. 1867 T. Carlyle Reminisc. (1881) II. 42 Well do I remember our return.., with the clink of Alick's stithy alone audible. 1870 Good Words Apr. 253/2 [A nail-shop] in which a..sharp young fellow..is shedding showers of ruddy sparks from his ‘stithy’, or small anvil. 1890 A. J. Armstrong Ingleside Musings 153 But hear the sang, the ringin' stithy sings. figurative.1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. vi. 155 ‘Let me sleep on that hard point,’ said Varney; ‘I cannot else perfect the device I have on the stithy.’1869 J. R. Lowell Fam. Epist. to Friend 76 Let whoso likes be beat, poor fool, On life's hard stithy to a tool.β. c1340Stedy: [see α. ]. c1425 Wyntoun Cron. i. v. 227 Iwball..wes the first þat musik fand, Wiþ hameris clynkand on a stedye [v.rr. stythy, study].1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. xi. 67 Five..citeis, Thar wapynnis to renew..Sett vp forgys and steyle stydyis fyne.1565 J. Jewel tr. in Replie Hardinges Answeare viii. 387 Job saithe, Stetit cor eius sicut incus: His harte stoode as a steadie.1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. Tii The more you strike iron vpon the stidhy, the harder & tougher y^e iron is.1868 J. C. Atkinson Gloss. Cleveland Dial. Stiddy, (often pr. stithy), an anvil.1894 P. H. Hunter James Inwick x. 131 It was a waly hammer he swung, an'..whan he brocht it doun, he gart the stiddy dirl an' the sparks flee.1902 S. Baring-Gould Nebo the Nailer ii. 9 Each ‘jack’ has in it socket holes. Into one of these..the ‘steady’ is inserted, a slip of steel, upon which the worker places the white-hot end of his rod, and hammers it into shape.γ. c1425Study: [see β. ]. a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Abbot of Tungland in Poems (1998) I. 162 As blaksmyth bruikit was his pallatt For battering at the study.1583 in W. Cramond Rec. Elgin (1903) I. 172 Ane battering studdy.1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 379/2 A Pewterers..Bossing Studdy, or Stiddy.1786 R. Burns Poems 25 [He] Brings hard owrehip..The strong forehammer, Till block an' studdie ring an' reel.1841 C. H. Hartshorne Salopia Antiqua Gloss. Study, a small anvil used in manufacturing nails.1864 J. Brown Jeems 18 You hear the ring of the blacksmith's study, you see the smoke of his forge.1900 C. Murray Hamewith 17 But see him..in his smiddy, An' mark the thuds that shape the shoon, An' dint the very studdy. b. transferred. ΚΠ c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) i. iv. §4 The hammeres are the nether lip, the top of the tongue, and the midle tongue. The stiddles the overlip, the outward teeth, the inward teeth, and the roofe of the mouth. †2. Anatomy. The anvil bone of the ear = incus n. 1 (Cf. anvil n. 3) Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > bones of ear > incus stithy1578 anvil1594 stith1633 incus1669 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 10^v This is the second Ossicle, called by the name of a stedy or anueld. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 592 Those two [bones of the ear] which are knowne by the names of the Anuill or the Stithy, and the Mallet or Hammer. 3. A forge, smithy. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > places for working with specific materials > place for working with metal > [noun] > forge or smithy smitheeOE smithya1250 forgec1405 stithy1604 blacksmith's shop1668 smithery1755 blacksmith shop1794 blacksmitherya1854 α. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. ii. 82 My imaginations are as foule As Vulcans stithy . View more context for this quotation 1850 G. P. R. James Old Oak Chest I. 149 On this green, detached from all other houses, stood the stithy. 1876 W. Morris Story of Sigurd iii. 178 When the day of the smith is ended and the stithy's fire dies out. β. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Linc. 169 James Yorke a Blacksmith of Lincolne..is a Servant as well of Apollo as Vulcan, turning his Stiddy into a Study, having lately set forth a Book of Heraldry.1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Stiddy, Stithy,..used sometimes..for the smith's shop. †4. A disease incident to horses and oxen. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of horses > [noun] > other disorders of horses trench?a1450 colt-evilc1460 affreyd?1523 cholera1566 crick1566 incording1566 leprosy1566 taint1566 eyesore1576 fistula1576 wrench1578 birth1600 garrot1600 stithy1600 stifling1601 stranglings1601 hungry evil1607 pose1607 crest-fall1609 pompardy1627 felteric1639 quick-scab1639 shingles1639 clap1684 sudden taking1688 bunches1706 flanks1706 strangles1706 chest-founderingc1720 body-founder1737 influenza1792 foundering1802 horse-sickness1822 stag-evil1823 strangullion1830 shivering1847 dourine1864 swamp fever1870 African horse sickness1874 horse-pox1884 African horse disease1888 wind-stroke1890 thump1891 leucoencephalitis1909 western equine encephalitis1933 stachybotryotoxicosis1945 rhinopneumonitis1957 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xxiii. 132 The stithie [Fr. l'encueur] hapning to the oxe, being otherwise called a mallet or hammer, is knowen when the beast hath his haire standing vpright, [etc.]. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Encueur, the Stithie; (a disease of horses, and cattell). 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Marteau, a hammer..; also, the Stithie (a beasts disease). 1706 in Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) ; and in some later Dicts. Compounds C1. General attributive (in sense 1). stithy-man n. ΚΠ 1597 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 1st 3 Bks. ii. i. 27 The subtile Stithy-man. stithy-work n. ΚΠ 1839 T. Carlyle Chartism viii. 72 He had learned metallurgy, stithy-work in general. C2. stithy-stock n. the stock or base of an anvil. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > forging equipment > anvil > stock stithy-stock1295 stock1295 1295Stithistok [see sense 1aα. ]. 1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 305/2 Acmotheta,..the anuile or stithe stocke. 1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Stiddy-stock, a stand for an anvil. Derivatives † ˈstithy v. Obsolete transitive to forge (literal and figurative). ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > shape or give shape to [verb (transitive)] > by or as by hammering forgec1400 stithyc1420 hammer1522 anvil1596 society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > forge or shape smithOE forgec1400 stithy1609 smithy1733 c1420 J. Wyclif Josh. Prol. Wite he me not in to repreuynge of oold men newe thingis to stithie [L. sciat me non in reprehensionem veterum nova cudere]. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida iv. vii. 139 But by the forge that stichied [1623 stythied] Mars his helme. Ile kill thee euery where. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1295
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