stoicheiometryn.

/stɔɪkʌɪˈɒmɪtri/

Forms: Also †stechi-, †stochi-, stœchi- /stiːkɪˈɒmɪtrɪ/, stoichiometry.

Etymology: < Greek στοιχεῖον element + -metry comb. form.

Chemistry.

The process or art of calculating or determining the equivalent and atomic weights of the elements participating in any chemical reaction; the science of estimating chemical elements; the branch of science concerned with the determination of atomic weights. (See also quot. 1880.) In modern use, the quantitative relationship between the substances in a reaction or compound. The term was introduced by J. B. Richter in his Anfangsgründe der Stöchiometrie, oder Messkunst chemischer Elemente (1792), to denote the determination of the relative amounts in which acids and bases neutralize each other.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemistry as a science > branches of chemistry > [noun]

physical chemistry1743

zymology1753

pneumatic chemistry1788

stoicheiometry1807

electrochemistry1811

phytochemistry1837

thermochemistry1844

actinochemistry1845

inorganic chemistry1847

phytochimy1847

biochemistry1848

microchemistry1853

palaeochemistry1854

actinology1855

photochemistry1860

physico-chemistry1860

zymotechny1860

anorganology1876

kinetics1884

structural chemistry1884

stereochemistry1890

spectrochemistry1893

cytochemistry1900

radiochemistry1904

immunochemistry1907

magnetochemistry1914

leptonology1917

surface chemistry1919

crystal chemistry1921

radiation chemistry1926

leptology1928

mechanochemistry1928

agrochemistry1930

sonochemistry1934

quantum chemistry1938

cosmochemistry1940

polymer chemistry1945

conductometry1946

topochemistry1948

proto-chemistry1962

stereology1963

biochem1968

femtochemistry1988

combinatorial chemistry1992

cheminformatics1996

1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. II. 559 I have not been able to procure a sight of Richter's very curious..writings on Stechiometry, in which his observations on the fluates are to be found.

1825 W. Hamilton Hand-bk. Terms Arts & Sci. Stochiometry, the Geometry of chemical elements.

1880 J. Tyndall Heat (ed. 6) xviii. 571 The doctrine of the conservation of force, or, as I should express it, Physical Stoichiometry.

1908 S. Young (title) Stoichiometry.

1971 W. F. Pickering Mod. Analyt. Chem. iv. 153 It can also be used to determine the stoichiometry of reactions occurring in solution.

1975 R. F. Brown Org. Chem. viii. 192 Stoichiometry, the weight relations in chemical reactions, must be kept in mind in the study of rates of reaction.

Derivatives

stoicheioˈmetric adj. (also stoichioˈmetric, stœchioˈmetric)

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemistry as a science > branches of chemistry > [adjective]

mago-chemical1652

physico-chemical1664

chemico-medical1744

unorganic1775

pneumato-chemical1790

electrochemical1808

electrochemic1813

zymological1828

photochemical1858

thermochemical1871

physiochemical1881

stoicheiometrical1887

stereo-chemical1890

stoicheiometric1892

physical-chemical1896

zymotechnic1896

zymotechnical1900

photochemic1907

magnetochemical1911

immunochemical1912

radiochemical1915

topochemical1920

palaeochemical1926

cosmochemical1940

mechanochemical1943

radiation-chemical1946

sonochemical1948

stereological1963

bioinorganic1970

thermochemic-

1892 Nature 24 Mar. 497/2 The stöchiometric relation of silver to potassium chloride.

1921 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 29 533 The stoechiometric relation between MgO and FeO in olivine and bronzite.

1962 J. H. White Inorg. Chem. ix. 108 The formation of solid solution does not appear to be very different [from that of metallic compounds] except that..no stoichiometric relationship between the constituent metals exists.

1965 C. S. G. Phillips & R. J. P. Williams Inorg. Chem. I. viii. 296 Metal fluorides but not hydrides are stoicheiometric.

stoicheioˈmetrical adj. (also stoichioˈmetrical, stœchioˈmetrical)

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemistry as a science > branches of chemistry > [adjective]

mago-chemical1652

physico-chemical1664

chemico-medical1744

unorganic1775

pneumato-chemical1790

electrochemical1808

electrochemic1813

zymological1828

photochemical1858

thermochemical1871

physiochemical1881

stoicheiometrical1887

stereo-chemical1890

stoicheiometric1892

physical-chemical1896

zymotechnic1896

zymotechnical1900

photochemic1907

magnetochemical1911

immunochemical1912

radiochemical1915

topochemical1920

palaeochemical1926

cosmochemical1940

mechanochemical1943

radiation-chemical1946

sonochemical1948

stereological1963

bioinorganic1970

thermochemic-

1887 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 27 May 330/2 Much too small [a proportion of colouring matter] to represent a stoichio~metrical composition.

1892 Nature 24 Mar. 497/2 The late Prof. Stas had left..a..memoir describing the results of several further stöchiometrical investigations.

Draft additions 1993

stoichioˈmetrically adv.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [adverb] > by means of named chemical reactions or processes > by means of stoichiometry

stoichiometrically1934

1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Stoichiometrically adv.

1969 Proc. 6th Cellulose Conf. 69 The evidence is in favor of right-handed helices with stoichiometrically bound water. There is a novel inter-chain hydrogen bond system at the center of the structure.

1983 New Scientist 28 Apr. 206/1 Industry needs about 1.5 million tonnes of pure ethanol, free from water, each year. To remove water from fermented alcohol on this scale would require quite uneconomic amounts of energy. So it's usually made by stoichiometrically adding water to ethylene over an acid catalyst.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	stoicheiometry
释义	stoicheiometryn. /stɔɪkʌɪˈɒmɪtri/ Forms: Also †stechi-, †stochi-, stœchi- /stiːkɪˈɒmɪtrɪ/, stoichiometry. Etymology: < Greek στοιχεῖον element + -metry comb. form. Chemistry. The process or art of calculating or determining the equivalent and atomic weights of the elements participating in any chemical reaction; the science of estimating chemical elements; the branch of science concerned with the determination of atomic weights. (See also quot. 1880.) In modern use, the quantitative relationship between the substances in a reaction or compound. The term was introduced by J. B. Richter in his Anfangsgründe der Stöchiometrie, oder Messkunst chemischer Elemente (1792), to denote the determination of the relative amounts in which acids and bases neutralize each other. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemistry as a science > branches of chemistry > [noun] physical chemistry1743 zymology1753 pneumatic chemistry1788 stoicheiometry1807 electrochemistry1811 phytochemistry1837 thermochemistry1844 actinochemistry1845 inorganic chemistry1847 phytochimy1847 biochemistry1848 microchemistry1853 palaeochemistry1854 actinology1855 photochemistry1860 physico-chemistry1860 zymotechny1860 anorganology1876 kinetics1884 structural chemistry1884 stereochemistry1890 spectrochemistry1893 cytochemistry1900 radiochemistry1904 immunochemistry1907 magnetochemistry1914 leptonology1917 surface chemistry1919 crystal chemistry1921 radiation chemistry1926 leptology1928 mechanochemistry1928 agrochemistry1930 sonochemistry1934 quantum chemistry1938 cosmochemistry1940 polymer chemistry1945 conductometry1946 topochemistry1948 proto-chemistry1962 stereology1963 biochem1968 femtochemistry1988 combinatorial chemistry1992 cheminformatics1996 1807 T. Thomson Syst. Chem. II. 559 I have not been able to procure a sight of Richter's very curious..writings on Stechiometry, in which his observations on the fluates are to be found. 1825 W. Hamilton Hand-bk. Terms Arts & Sci. Stochiometry, the Geometry of chemical elements. 1880 J. Tyndall Heat (ed. 6) xviii. 571 The doctrine of the conservation of force, or, as I should express it, Physical Stoichiometry. 1908 S. Young (title) Stoichiometry. 1971 W. F. Pickering Mod. Analyt. Chem. iv. 153 It can also be used to determine the stoichiometry of reactions occurring in solution. 1975 R. F. Brown Org. Chem. viii. 192 Stoichiometry, the weight relations in chemical reactions, must be kept in mind in the study of rates of reaction. Derivatives stoicheioˈmetric adj. (also stoichioˈmetric, stœchioˈmetric) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemistry as a science > branches of chemistry > [adjective] mago-chemical1652 physico-chemical1664 chemico-medical1744 unorganic1775 pneumato-chemical1790 electrochemical1808 electrochemic1813 zymological1828 photochemical1858 thermochemical1871 physiochemical1881 stoicheiometrical1887 stereo-chemical1890 stoicheiometric1892 physical-chemical1896 zymotechnic1896 zymotechnical1900 photochemic1907 magnetochemical1911 immunochemical1912 radiochemical1915 topochemical1920 palaeochemical1926 cosmochemical1940 mechanochemical1943 radiation-chemical1946 sonochemical1948 stereological1963 bioinorganic1970 thermochemic- 1892 Nature 24 Mar. 497/2 The stöchiometric relation of silver to potassium chloride. 1921 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 29 533 The stoechiometric relation between MgO and FeO in olivine and bronzite. 1962 J. H. White Inorg. Chem. ix. 108 The formation of solid solution does not appear to be very different [from that of metallic compounds] except that..no stoichiometric relationship between the constituent metals exists. 1965 C. S. G. Phillips & R. J. P. Williams Inorg. Chem. I. viii. 296 Metal fluorides but not hydrides are stoicheiometric. stoicheioˈmetrical adj. (also stoichioˈmetrical, stœchioˈmetrical) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemistry as a science > branches of chemistry > [adjective] mago-chemical1652 physico-chemical1664 chemico-medical1744 unorganic1775 pneumato-chemical1790 electrochemical1808 electrochemic1813 zymological1828 photochemical1858 thermochemical1871 physiochemical1881 stoicheiometrical1887 stereo-chemical1890 stoicheiometric1892 physical-chemical1896 zymotechnic1896 zymotechnical1900 photochemic1907 magnetochemical1911 immunochemical1912 radiochemical1915 topochemical1920 palaeochemical1926 cosmochemical1940 mechanochemical1943 radiation-chemical1946 sonochemical1948 stereological1963 bioinorganic1970 thermochemic- 1887 Brit. Jrnl. Photogr. 27 May 330/2 Much too small [a proportion of colouring matter] to represent a stoichio~metrical composition. 1892 Nature 24 Mar. 497/2 The late Prof. Stas had left..a..memoir describing the results of several further stöchiometrical investigations. Draft additions 1993 stoichioˈmetrically adv. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [adverb] > by means of named chemical reactions or processes > by means of stoichiometry stoichiometrically1934 1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Stoichiometrically adv. 1969 Proc. 6th Cellulose Conf. 69 The evidence is in favor of right-handed helices with stoichiometrically bound water. There is a novel inter-chain hydrogen bond system at the center of the structure. 1983 New Scientist 28 Apr. 206/1 Industry needs about 1.5 million tonnes of pure ethanol, free from water, each year. To remove water from fermented alcohol on this scale would require quite uneconomic amounts of energy. So it's usually made by stoichiometrically adding water to ethylene over an acid catalyst. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1807
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