stoppedadj.

/stɒpt/

Etymology: < stop v. + -ed suffix¹.

In senses of the verb.

†1. (Sense uncertain: ? Stuffed.) Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1342–3 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 38 In ij stopped salmon emp., 4s.

a. Obstructed, blocked. Of a hole or crevice: Filled up.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > [adjective] > closed or shut > closed (of an aperture)

well-stoppeda1400

stoppedc1440

plugged1856

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > surfacing or cladding > [adjective] > with gaps filled in

grouted1844

stopped1881

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 477/2 Stoppyd, obstructus.

a1576 Lady Abergavenny Praiers in T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones (1582) ii. 145 Open thou the stopped eares of mine hart.

1578 H. Wotton tr. J. Yver Courtlie Controuersie 237 My stopped eares thou haste compeld to heare.

1796 S. T. Coleridge Lines on Friend [Lamb] 35 With stopped nostril and glove-guarded hand.

1881 J. Tripplin & E. Rigg Saunier's Watchmakers' Hand-bk. 279 To clear a stopped hole in a screw-plate.

1899 Westm. Gaz. 15 Feb. 5/1 Stopped gas-pipes or burst water-pipes.

†b. Having the voice obstructed; hoarse. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > quality of voice > [adjective] > hoarse or husky

hoarsec1000

stoppedc1485

hoarsy1570

croaking1608

throaty1647

furred1666

rouped1677

gruffa1712

cracked1739

roupy1756

hoarsened1798

gruffish1812

gin and fog1842

grasshoppery1849

croaky1851

feathery1881

tonsilly1894

wine-tasting1936

gravelly1944

gravelled1958

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxxvii. 121 Sum man [is] stoppit as a crok, and sum clere syngand as a nychtingale.

c. stopped-up: obstructed, suffering from obstruction.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > [adjective] > obstruction

oppilate?a1425

impedite1544

oppilated1577

obstructive1583

stuffed1584

stopped-up?1611

oppilating1620

obstructed1662

congestive1846

infarcted1889

?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xv. 222 [He] found great Hector, sitting vp, not stretcht vpon his bed, Nor wheasing with a stopt-vp spirit.

1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 547 Upon taking a slight cold, she was so stop't up, that she could only whisper.

1855 R. Browning Andrea del Sarto 80 In their vexed, beating, stuffed and stopped-up brain.

d. Bridge. (See quots.) Cf. stopper n. 7e.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [adjective] > type of suit

stopped1900

solid1927

rebid1931

1900 R. F. Foster Bridge Man. 35 A Suit is Stopped when you can make one trick in it, or can compel the adversary to quit it and lead something else.

1929 M. C. Work Compl. Contract Bridge iv. 20 A suit is stopped when the bidder holds such cards in it that he can be sure of taking at least one trick in that suit.

3. Of a vessel, tube, etc.: Closed with a plug or stopper. Of an organ pipe: Closed at the top. stopped diapason: see Closed or Stopped Diapason at diapason n. 7.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > [adjective] > closed or shut > closed (of a vessel)

stopped1595

stoppered1803

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [adjective] > types of pipes or stops

stopped1595

open1636

labial1837

borrowed1840

through1853

stopless1899

derived-

1595 S. Daniel First Fowre Bks. Ciuile Warres v. liii. sig. Cc2 They mineralls combustible doe finde, Which in stopt concaues placed cunningly They fire.

1694 R. Waller in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 18 155 A stopt Organ-Pipe is an Eighth to the same open.

1720 Mrs. Bradshaw Let. 21 Aug. in Countess of Suffolk Lett. (1824) I. 69 You are as close as a stopped bottle, and do not give one the least account how things go on your side of the water.

1827 M. Faraday Chem. Manip. xv. 384 Broken up and put into stopped bottles.

1841 J. Bishop Hamilton's Dict. Mus. Terms App. 117 Stopt Diapason, the name of an organ-stop; so called from having its pipes stopped at the top with a wooden plug, by which it is tuned.

1867 J. Tyndall Sound 187 There is no theoretic limit to the subdivision of an organ-pipe either stopped or open. In stopped pipes we begin with a semi-ventral segment, and pass on to 3, 5, 7, &c. semi-ventral segments.

1880 G. Grove Dict. Music II. 490 A hollow, rather sweet tone, similar to that of a stopped organ pipe.

1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles I. xiv. 186 The stopt-diapason note which her voice acquired when her heart was in her speech.

†4. Of dice: Loaded. (Cf. stop v. 12d). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [adjective] > loaded

false1551

stopped1600

high-running1671

loaded1771

cogged1806

1600 S. Rowlands Letting of Humors Blood Satyre iii. sig. D6 His stopt Dice with Quick-siluer neuer misse.

5. Music. (See quots.)

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > [adjective] > stopped

stopped1676

barré1876

1676 T. Mace Musick's Monument 68 An Open String is more sweet, and Freer of Sound, than a stopt String.

1676 T. Mace Musick's Monument 85 Never take up any Stopt Finger..till you have some necessary Vse of It.

1676 T. Mace Musick's Monument 103 The Stopt-Shake, is (only) differing from the Open-Shake, in that you [etc.].

1786 T. Busby Compl. Dict. Music Stopt, an epithet applied to the strings of a violin, violoncello, &c. when brought into contact with the finger-board by the pressure of the fingers.

a. Caused to cease; brought to a standstill; barred from further progress or action.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ceasing > [adjective]

ysesseda1387

ceased1556

stoppeda1586

stayedc1595

overspent1597

ended1598

arrested1611

checked1793

discontinued1886

shut-off1933

the world > movement > absence of movement > [adjective] > coming to rest > brought to a stand

arrested1611

halted1796

stopped1850

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xix. sig. Tt5 Gynecia..besought him to make no delay: vsing such gestures of compassion insteed of stopped words, that [etc.].

1599 H. Porter Pleasant Hist. Two Angrie Women of Abington sig. B4 Mis. Bar. Shall I be chid for such a? Mis. Gou. What a? nay Mistresse speake it out, I scorne your stopt compares.

1850 J. Hannay Singleton Fontenoy i. viii Things are very bad..Nothing but turnings out, stopped mills, and riots.

1891 G. Meredith One of our Conquerors II. xiii. 301 The face of a stopped watch.

1898 Westm. Gaz. 27 Apr. 8/2 A passenger on board a stopped steamer said that..the soldiers..are enthusiastic for war.

b. Of a bank-note, cheque, etc.: see stop v. 19.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > payment > non-payment > [adjective] > not paid > of banknotes or cheques

stopped1865

1865 C. E. L. Riddell Maxwell Drewitt xxix Robbery of two thousand pounds..assaulting a constable..passing the stopped notes.

1891 Daily News 18 July 4/7 A vendor could sell a legally stopped bond, which he knew to be so stopped, to a purchaser who did not know it was stopped.

7. Phonetics. Of a consonant-sound: Formed by complete closure of the orinasal passages; explosive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by manner > [adjective] > stop

mute1589

medial1833

middle1833

lene1841

stopped1874

1874 H. Sweet in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1873–4 15 539 The conversion of an open into a stopped consonant is, of course, anomalous.

1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 787/1 (margin) Stopped sounds.

8. Prosody. Of a line: Ending with the conclusion of a sentence or clause.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > rhythm > [adjective] > having clause- and line-end coinciding

stopped1874

end-stopped1877

1874 Fleay in Trans. New Shakspere Soc. I. 2 I cannot speak definitely as to the stopped-line test, not having worked it out.

1875 A. W. Ward Hist. Eng. Dramatic Lit. I. iv. 361 A ‘stopped’ line is one in which the sentence, or clause of the sentence, concludes with the line.

9. Carpentry. Of a chamfer, housing, etc.: closed, not running the whole length of a member. Cf. stop v. 30.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [adjective] > through or stopped (of chamfer or housing)

stopped1918

through1934

1918 Woodwork Joints 167 The sketch to the right shows ‘stopped housing’, the groove coming to within ½in. of the front edge of the shelf.

1934 P. A. Wells Design in Woodwork ii. 15 The number of joints can be trebled by variations such as ‘through’, ‘stopped’ or ‘secret’ dovetails.

1949 W. J. West Woodwork ix. 78 To cut stopped housings start by using a mallet and chisel to chop out a slot of the required depth.

1979 A. B. Emary Woodworking iii. 18 At (a) is seen the stopped housing joint where the recess has been terminated a short distance from one edge and the piece which fits into the recess has been cut to fit round the stopped end.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	stopped
释义	stoppedadj. /stɒpt/ Etymology: < stop v. + -ed suffix¹. In senses of the verb. †1. (Sense uncertain: ? Stuffed.) Obsolete. ΚΠ 1342–3 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 38 In ij stopped salmon emp., 4s. 2. a. Obstructed, blocked. Of a hole or crevice: Filled up. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > [adjective] > closed or shut > closed (of an aperture) well-stoppeda1400 stoppedc1440 plugged1856 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > surfacing or cladding > [adjective] > with gaps filled in grouted1844 stopped1881 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 477/2 Stoppyd, obstructus. a1576 Lady Abergavenny Praiers in T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones (1582) ii. 145 Open thou the stopped eares of mine hart. 1578 H. Wotton tr. J. Yver Courtlie Controuersie 237 My stopped eares thou haste compeld to heare. 1796 S. T. Coleridge Lines on Friend [Lamb] 35 With stopped nostril and glove-guarded hand. 1881 J. Tripplin & E. Rigg Saunier's Watchmakers' Hand-bk. 279 To clear a stopped hole in a screw-plate. 1899 Westm. Gaz. 15 Feb. 5/1 Stopped gas-pipes or burst water-pipes. †b. Having the voice obstructed; hoarse. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > quality of voice > [adjective] > hoarse or husky hoarsec1000 stoppedc1485 hoarsy1570 croaking1608 throaty1647 furred1666 rouped1677 gruffa1712 cracked1739 roupy1756 hoarsened1798 gruffish1812 gin and fog1842 grasshoppery1849 croaky1851 feathery1881 tonsilly1894 wine-tasting1936 gravelly1944 gravelled1958 c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxxvii. 121 Sum man [is] stoppit as a crok, and sum clere syngand as a nychtingale. c. stopped-up: obstructed, suffering from obstruction. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > [adjective] > obstruction oppilate?a1425 impedite1544 oppilated1577 obstructive1583 stuffed1584 stopped-up?1611 oppilating1620 obstructed1662 congestive1846 infarcted1889 ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xv. 222 [He] found great Hector, sitting vp, not stretcht vpon his bed, Nor wheasing with a stopt-vp spirit. 1667 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 547 Upon taking a slight cold, she was so stop't up, that she could only whisper. 1855 R. Browning Andrea del Sarto 80 In their vexed, beating, stuffed and stopped-up brain. d. Bridge. (See quots.) Cf. stopper n. 7e. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [adjective] > type of suit stopped1900 solid1927 rebid1931 1900 R. F. Foster Bridge Man. 35 A Suit is Stopped when you can make one trick in it, or can compel the adversary to quit it and lead something else. 1929 M. C. Work Compl. Contract Bridge iv. 20 A suit is stopped when the bidder holds such cards in it that he can be sure of taking at least one trick in that suit. 3. Of a vessel, tube, etc.: Closed with a plug or stopper. Of an organ pipe: Closed at the top. stopped diapason: see Closed or Stopped Diapason at diapason n. 7. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > [adjective] > closed or shut > closed (of a vessel) stopped1595 stoppered1803 society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [adjective] > types of pipes or stops stopped1595 open1636 labial1837 borrowed1840 through1853 stopless1899 derived- 1595 S. Daniel First Fowre Bks. Ciuile Warres v. liii. sig. Cc2 They mineralls combustible doe finde, Which in stopt concaues placed cunningly They fire. 1694 R. Waller in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 18 155 A stopt Organ-Pipe is an Eighth to the same open. 1720 Mrs. Bradshaw Let. 21 Aug. in Countess of Suffolk Lett. (1824) I. 69 You are as close as a stopped bottle, and do not give one the least account how things go on your side of the water. 1827 M. Faraday Chem. Manip. xv. 384 Broken up and put into stopped bottles. 1841 J. Bishop Hamilton's Dict. Mus. Terms App. 117 Stopt Diapason, the name of an organ-stop; so called from having its pipes stopped at the top with a wooden plug, by which it is tuned. 1867 J. Tyndall Sound 187 There is no theoretic limit to the subdivision of an organ-pipe either stopped or open. In stopped pipes we begin with a semi-ventral segment, and pass on to 3, 5, 7, &c. semi-ventral segments. 1880 G. Grove Dict. Music II. 490 A hollow, rather sweet tone, similar to that of a stopped organ pipe. 1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles I. xiv. 186 The stopt-diapason note which her voice acquired when her heart was in her speech. †4. Of dice: Loaded. (Cf. stop v. 12d). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [adjective] > loaded false1551 stopped1600 high-running1671 loaded1771 cogged1806 1600 S. Rowlands Letting of Humors Blood Satyre iii. sig. D6 His stopt Dice with Quick-siluer neuer misse. 5. Music. (See quots.) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > playing stringed instrument > [adjective] > stopped stopped1676 barré1876 1676 T. Mace Musick's Monument 68 An Open String is more sweet, and Freer of Sound, than a stopt String. 1676 T. Mace Musick's Monument 85 Never take up any Stopt Finger..till you have some necessary Vse of It. 1676 T. Mace Musick's Monument 103 The Stopt-Shake, is (only) differing from the Open-Shake, in that you [etc.]. 1786 T. Busby Compl. Dict. Music Stopt, an epithet applied to the strings of a violin, violoncello, &c. when brought into contact with the finger-board by the pressure of the fingers. 6. a. Caused to cease; brought to a standstill; barred from further progress or action. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > [adjective] ysesseda1387 ceased1556 stoppeda1586 stayedc1595 overspent1597 ended1598 arrested1611 checked1793 discontinued1886 shut-off1933 the world > movement > absence of movement > [adjective] > coming to rest > brought to a stand arrested1611 halted1796 stopped1850 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xix. sig. Tt5 Gynecia..besought him to make no delay: vsing such gestures of compassion insteed of stopped words, that [etc.]. 1599 H. Porter Pleasant Hist. Two Angrie Women of Abington sig. B4 Mis. Bar. Shall I be chid for such a? Mis. Gou. What a? nay Mistresse speake it out, I scorne your stopt compares. 1850 J. Hannay Singleton Fontenoy i. viii Things are very bad..Nothing but turnings out, stopped mills, and riots. 1891 G. Meredith One of our Conquerors II. xiii. 301 The face of a stopped watch. 1898 Westm. Gaz. 27 Apr. 8/2 A passenger on board a stopped steamer said that..the soldiers..are enthusiastic for war. b. Of a bank-note, cheque, etc.: see stop v. 19. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > payment > non-payment > [adjective] > not paid > of banknotes or cheques stopped1865 1865 C. E. L. Riddell Maxwell Drewitt xxix Robbery of two thousand pounds..assaulting a constable..passing the stopped notes. 1891 Daily News 18 July 4/7 A vendor could sell a legally stopped bond, which he knew to be so stopped, to a purchaser who did not know it was stopped. 7. Phonetics. Of a consonant-sound: Formed by complete closure of the orinasal passages; explosive. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by manner > [adjective] > stop mute1589 medial1833 middle1833 lene1841 stopped1874 1874 H. Sweet in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1873–4 15 539 The conversion of an open into a stopped consonant is, of course, anomalous. 1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 787/1 (margin) Stopped sounds. 8. Prosody. Of a line: Ending with the conclusion of a sentence or clause. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > rhythm > [adjective] > having clause- and line-end coinciding stopped1874 end-stopped1877 1874 Fleay in Trans. New Shakspere Soc. I. 2 I cannot speak definitely as to the stopped-line test, not having worked it out. 1875 A. W. Ward Hist. Eng. Dramatic Lit. I. iv. 361 A ‘stopped’ line is one in which the sentence, or clause of the sentence, concludes with the line. 9. Carpentry. Of a chamfer, housing, etc.: closed, not running the whole length of a member. Cf. stop v. 30. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > [adjective] > through or stopped (of chamfer or housing) stopped1918 through1934 1918 Woodwork Joints 167 The sketch to the right shows ‘stopped housing’, the groove coming to within ½in. of the front edge of the shelf. 1934 P. A. Wells Design in Woodwork ii. 15 The number of joints can be trebled by variations such as ‘through’, ‘stopped’ or ‘secret’ dovetails. 1949 W. J. West Woodwork ix. 78 To cut stopped housings start by using a mallet and chisel to chop out a slot of the required depth. 1979 A. B. Emary Woodworking iii. 18 At (a) is seen the stopped housing joint where the recess has been terminated a short distance from one edge and the piece which fits into the recess has been cut to fit round the stopped end. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.1342
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