stratospheren.

Brit.

/ˈstratəsfɪə/, U.S.

/ˈstrædəˌsfɪ(ə)r/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: stratum n., -o- connective, sphere n.

Etymology: < stratum n. + -o- connective + sphere n.In senses 1 and 3 after German Stratosphäre (1901 in geology: E. Suess Das Antlitz der Erde III. i. i. 4, the passage translated in quot. 1908; 1928 in oceanography: A. Defant, in Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde (Sonderband) 470). In sense 2a after French stratosphère (1908 or earlier in this sense in La division de l'atmosphère en troposphère et stratosphère d'après les résultats de l'exploration de la haute atmosphère , the title of a paper read by Teisserenc de Bort at a conference in Germany; compare quot. 1909 at sense 2a).

†1. Geology. The upper part of the earth's crust, consisting largely of stratified rocks, approximately corresponding to the lithosphere or to the upper part of this. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > [noun] > geosphere > stratosphere

stratosphere1908

1908 H. B. C. Sollas & W. J. Sollas tr. E. Suess Face of Earth III. i. 2 So great is the part played by stratified deposits in the structure of the earth's crust that we might be tempted to speak of the stratosphere of the earth in contradistinction to the scoriosphere of the moon.

1909 H. B. C. Sollas & W. J. Sollas tr. E. Suess Face of Earth IV. xv. 546 The stratosphere, or younger sedimentary envelope has been formed almost entirely at the expense of the Sal envelope.

1922 Bull. N.Y. State Mus. Nos. 239, 240. 134 Suess..reached the view that the stratosphere and a large part of the salic crust do not fold themselves but are folded.

a. Meteorology. The region of the atmosphere above the troposphere: (originally) the zone in which temperature changes little with altitude, up to a height of about 20 km (12 miles) (disused); (in later use) the zone in which temperature increases with altitude, extending up to a height of about 50 km (31 miles) above the earth. Also in extended use of other planets or planet-like moons.The base of the stratosphere varies in height (see tropopause n.); above it lies the mesosphere.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > [noun] > specific regions of

upper air1586

upper atmosphere1586

stratosphere1909

troposphere1909

ionosphere1926

ozone layer1927

ozonosphere1933

spray region1949

mesosphere1950

thermosphere1950

turbosphere1951

magnetosphere1959

Van Allen1959

ozone shield1965

plasmasphere1966

ozone1975

1909 Monthly Weather Rev. 1908 (U.S.) 36 371/1 (heading) Director Teisserenc de Bort, of Paris: The division of the atmosphere into troposphere and stratosphere, as based on the results of the exploration of the upper air.

1923 Daily Mail 26 Feb. 5/4 In this stratosphere it has been ascertained from balloon soundings that the temperature ceases to fall with an increase in height,..up to a level of 13½ miles, the highest attained so far by any instrument of man.

1951 ‘J. Wyndham’ Day of Triffids ii. 39 Somewhere high up in the stratosphere, he and Comrade Baltinoff found themselves attacked by the planes.

1963 Q. Jrnl. Royal Meteorol. Soc. 89 156 At its meeting in June 1962, the executive committee of the World Meteorological Organization passed a resolution on the terminology..for the high atmosphere. It is as follows:..(a) Stratosphere: Region (situated between the tropopause and stratopause) in which the temperature generally increases with height. (b) Stratopause: The top of the inversion layer in the upper stratosphere (usually around 50 to 55 km).

1980 Nature 27 Nov. 347/1 Air samples, collected cryogenically at different heights of the stratosphere, were analysed for carbon dioxide.

2006 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 364 2073 This gas is converted into sulphuric acid aerosols in the stratosphere and layers of aerosol can cover the global atmosphere within a few weeks to months.

b. figurative. colloquial. The upper regions; a very high, or the highest, level, plane, or rank, esp. within a particular profession, organization, or social milieu.

ΚΠ

1932 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 15 Sept. 6/2 More curiosity about ourselves and our institutions,..which will lead daring souls into the social Stratosphere to probe the secrets of psychic radiology.

1952 Observer 3 Feb. 5/8 Their father was a big Paris dealer who moved in the stratosphere with Anatole France and de Goncourt.

a1974 R. Crossman Diaries (1975) I. 609 They were astonished that Harold had upped me into the stratosphere.

1980 Daily Tel. 3 Nov. 16 At various times she has advanced three different reasons for keeping the [minimum lending] rate in the stratosphere.

2015 Daily Tel. (Austral.) (Nexis) 14 Feb. 30 The songwriter who helped launch her into the pop stratosphere.

3. Oceanography. The bottom layer of the ocean, in which (by analogy with the original meaning of sense 2a) there is little temperature variation with depth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > region of sea or ocean > [noun] > specific layers

laminarian zone1851

stratosphere1932

troposphere1932

scattering layer1942

sound channel1946

psychrosphere1956

thermosphere1956

Ekman layer1957

thermo-halocline1964

nepheloid layer1965

1932 Bull. Nat. Res. Council (U.S.) No. 85. iv. 489 The great depths, the stratosphere, of the ocean have essentially the same temperatures, between 0° and 5° C, at all levels.

1942 H. U. Sverdrup et al. Oceans iv. 141 Within the oceanic stratosphere the salinity is very uniform.

1966 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Oceanogr. 940/2 The oceanic stratosphere refers to the nearly uniform masses of cold deep water and bottom water.

2009 C. R. Nichols & R. G. Williams Encycl. Marine Sci. (Electronic ed.) at Atlantic Ocean The deep-water masses, originating in the Antarctic and Arctic regions, are extremely cold and constitute the oceanic ‘stratosphere’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	stratosphere
释义	stratospheren. Brit. /ˈstratəsfɪə/, U.S. /ˈstrædəˌsfɪ(ə)r/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: stratum n., -o- connective, sphere n. Etymology: < stratum n. + -o- connective + sphere n.In senses 1 and 3 after German Stratosphäre (1901 in geology: E. Suess Das Antlitz der Erde III. i. i. 4, the passage translated in quot. 1908; 1928 in oceanography: A. Defant, in Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde (Sonderband) 470). In sense 2a after French stratosphère (1908 or earlier in this sense in La division de l'atmosphère en troposphère et stratosphère d'après les résultats de l'exploration de la haute atmosphère , the title of a paper read by Teisserenc de Bort at a conference in Germany; compare quot. 1909 at sense 2a). †1. Geology. The upper part of the earth's crust, consisting largely of stratified rocks, approximately corresponding to the lithosphere or to the upper part of this. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > [noun] > geosphere > stratosphere stratosphere1908 1908 H. B. C. Sollas & W. J. Sollas tr. E. Suess Face of Earth III. i. 2 So great is the part played by stratified deposits in the structure of the earth's crust that we might be tempted to speak of the stratosphere of the earth in contradistinction to the scoriosphere of the moon. 1909 H. B. C. Sollas & W. J. Sollas tr. E. Suess Face of Earth IV. xv. 546 The stratosphere, or younger sedimentary envelope has been formed almost entirely at the expense of the Sal envelope. 1922 Bull. N.Y. State Mus. Nos. 239, 240. 134 Suess..reached the view that the stratosphere and a large part of the salic crust do not fold themselves but are folded. 2. a. Meteorology. The region of the atmosphere above the troposphere: (originally) the zone in which temperature changes little with altitude, up to a height of about 20 km (12 miles) (disused); (in later use) the zone in which temperature increases with altitude, extending up to a height of about 50 km (31 miles) above the earth. Also in extended use of other planets or planet-like moons.The base of the stratosphere varies in height (see tropopause n.); above it lies the mesosphere. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > [noun] > specific regions of upper air1586 upper atmosphere1586 stratosphere1909 troposphere1909 ionosphere1926 ozone layer1927 ozonosphere1933 spray region1949 mesosphere1950 thermosphere1950 turbosphere1951 magnetosphere1959 Van Allen1959 ozone shield1965 plasmasphere1966 ozone1975 1909 Monthly Weather Rev. 1908 (U.S.) 36 371/1 (heading) Director Teisserenc de Bort, of Paris: The division of the atmosphere into troposphere and stratosphere, as based on the results of the exploration of the upper air. 1923 Daily Mail 26 Feb. 5/4 In this stratosphere it has been ascertained from balloon soundings that the temperature ceases to fall with an increase in height,..up to a level of 13½ miles, the highest attained so far by any instrument of man. 1951 ‘J. Wyndham’ Day of Triffids ii. 39 Somewhere high up in the stratosphere, he and Comrade Baltinoff found themselves attacked by the planes. 1963 Q. Jrnl. Royal Meteorol. Soc. 89 156 At its meeting in June 1962, the executive committee of the World Meteorological Organization passed a resolution on the terminology..for the high atmosphere. It is as follows:..(a) Stratosphere: Region (situated between the tropopause and stratopause) in which the temperature generally increases with height. (b) Stratopause: The top of the inversion layer in the upper stratosphere (usually around 50 to 55 km). 1980 Nature 27 Nov. 347/1 Air samples, collected cryogenically at different heights of the stratosphere, were analysed for carbon dioxide. 2006 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 364 2073 This gas is converted into sulphuric acid aerosols in the stratosphere and layers of aerosol can cover the global atmosphere within a few weeks to months. b. figurative. colloquial. The upper regions; a very high, or the highest, level, plane, or rank, esp. within a particular profession, organization, or social milieu. ΚΠ 1932 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 15 Sept. 6/2 More curiosity about ourselves and our institutions,..which will lead daring souls into the social Stratosphere to probe the secrets of psychic radiology. 1952 Observer 3 Feb. 5/8 Their father was a big Paris dealer who moved in the stratosphere with Anatole France and de Goncourt. a1974 R. Crossman Diaries (1975) I. 609 They were astonished that Harold had upped me into the stratosphere. 1980 Daily Tel. 3 Nov. 16 At various times she has advanced three different reasons for keeping the [minimum lending] rate in the stratosphere. 2015 Daily Tel. (Austral.) (Nexis) 14 Feb. 30 The songwriter who helped launch her into the pop stratosphere. 3. Oceanography. The bottom layer of the ocean, in which (by analogy with the original meaning of sense 2a) there is little temperature variation with depth. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > region of sea or ocean > [noun] > specific layers laminarian zone1851 stratosphere1932 troposphere1932 scattering layer1942 sound channel1946 psychrosphere1956 thermosphere1956 Ekman layer1957 thermo-halocline1964 nepheloid layer1965 1932 Bull. Nat. Res. Council (U.S.) No. 85. iv. 489 The great depths, the stratosphere, of the ocean have essentially the same temperatures, between 0° and 5° C, at all levels. 1942 H. U. Sverdrup et al. Oceans iv. 141 Within the oceanic stratosphere the salinity is very uniform. 1966 R. W. Fairbridge Encycl. Oceanogr. 940/2 The oceanic stratosphere refers to the nearly uniform masses of cold deep water and bottom water. 2009 C. R. Nichols & R. G. Williams Encycl. Marine Sci. (Electronic ed.) at Atlantic Ocean The deep-water masses, originating in the Antarctic and Arctic regions, are extremely cold and constitute the oceanic ‘stratosphere’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1908
随便看	dowser dowsers dowses dowset dowsing dowsing-cheek dowsing-chock dowsing-rod dowsingcheek dowsingchock dowsingrod dowsy dox doxa doxastic doxastics doxed doxer doxes doxie doxies doxing doxings doxographer doxographers