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单词 stove
释义

stoven.1

Brit. /stəʊv/, U.S. /stoʊv/
Forms: 1500s stofe, stouf(fe, stowf(f)e, 1500s–1600s stoave, stoove, 1600s stouph(e, stouve, Middle English– stove. See also stow n.3
Etymology: Old English had stofa weak masculine, hot air bath (once, as gloss on balneum ), and the related stuf-bæð (Leechdoms III. 92, 132) in the same sense. The word, however, seems not to have survived, but to have been taken up afresh in the 15–16th cent. from Middle Low German or Middle Dutch stove (feminine) (Dutch stoof ) = Old High German stuba (feminine) (Middle High German stube heated room, modern German stube sitting-room), Old Norse stofa , stufa (feminine) (Swedish stufva , stuga cottage, Danish stue room); the Scandinavian words are probably adopted < Low German The relation between the West Germanic *stuƀ- and the late Latin or Romance stūfa , stūfāre (see stew n.2, stew v.2, stufe n.) is uncertain.
1.
a. A hot air bath; a sweating-room; = stew n.2 3, stufe n. Obsolete.In c14851 the plural is used with singular construction.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > a bath > hot air or steam bath
stew1390
stovec1485
stufe1541
stow1614
furo1615
Turkish bath1644
estuary1657
steam-bath1725
Russian bath1770
stufa1832
sweat-bath1877
sauna1881
shvitz1937
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > place for bathing > bath-house > hot bathroom or sweating-room
stovec1485
sudatory1615
laconicum1696
laconic1742
sweating-room1744
caldarium1753
sudatorium1757
steam1801
sudarium1852
sauna1881
sweat-lodge1887
sweat-box1974
c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxxiii. 109 Thare mon be grete consideracioun to mak wele a bathis or a stovis.
c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxxiii. 109 Here declaris the noble the maneris of baithis and of stovis.
1562 W. Bullein Bk. Use Sicke Men f. lxxiiiv, in Bulwarke of Defence Idle bodies..are made warme, of an other thyng, as oile, bathyng in warme water, or goyng into the Stoue.
1579 J. Louthe in Narr. Reformation (Camden) 58 This was to hym in stede of a stowffe called Laconicum.
1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 529 As they were rubbing of him with oyle in his stooue or hotte house.
1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) ii. xii. 187/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I As for stooues we haue not hitherto vsed them greatlie, yet doo they now begin to be made in diuerse houses of the gentrie.., who build them not to worke and feed in as in Germanie and else where, but now and then to sweat in.
1595 A. Duncan Appendix Etymologiae: Index in Latinae Grammaticae Vaporarium, a hot stofe.
1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor iv. v. sig. Niiiv You shall sweat there with..loosing your money at Primero, as well as in all the Stoues in Flaunders.
1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 864 Neither used they the stouph or bath together.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 517 The dung..of mice..rubbed vpon the head of any one who is troubled with the scurfe or skaules thereon in a bathe or stoue, will presently expell and driue them quite away.
1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion iv. 62 The Pentecosts prepar'd at Carleon in his Court,..her Temples and her Groues, Her Palaces, her Walks, Baths, Theaters, and Stoues.
1629 H. Burton Truth's Triumph 293 That riuer in hell..is now become a hot dry stoue, called Purgatory.
a1657 W. Burton Comm. Antoninus his Itinerary (1658) 213 This I guess to be a Stouphe or hot-house to bath in.
a1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 340 Neere to this cave are the natural stoves of St. Germain.
1682 G. Hartman Digby's Choice Coll. Rare Secrets ii. 200 When the Patient is Sweating in the dry Stove.
c1720 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture III. xxi. 36 A lukewarm room..from which they enter'd into the hot stove.
1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. 230 You may have..more or less vapor..which can not be done in the common suffocating stoves at the Hummums.
b. A closed basket for ‘stoving’ or sweating a gamecock. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > hay-box
stove1631
hay-box1885
fireless cooker1904
1631 G. Markham Countrey Contentm. (ed. 4) i. xix. 111 You must haue deepe straw baskets made for the purpose,..and there let your Cocke stoue and sweate till the Euening. But before you put him into the stoue, you shall [etc.].
2. A sitting-room or bedroom heated with a furnace. Chiefly with reference to Germany, the Low Countries, Scandinavia, or Russia. (Cf. stew n.2 2) Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room generally > [noun] > warm room or room with fire
stewc1374
stove?1542
fire room1591
firehouse1632
stove-room1706
zeta1706
?1542 H. Brinkelow Complaynt Roderyck Mors xviii. sig. E4v Euen the porest man..may boldly come in to their hall or stoue, thei being at dynar.
1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 70 Certaine of the Germaines that lyve in stouffes, that is hot houses, the winter time, make in them lowe fornaices.
1584 J. Dee Jrnl. in True & Faithful Relation Spirits (1659) i. 212 In the excellent little Stove, or Study of D. Hageck his house lent me, by Bethlem in old Prage.
1600 R. Hakluyt tr. J. Gonzalez de Mendoça in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) III. 392 Here they found houses of foure stories high,..and in most of them were Stooues for the Winter season.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 77 (bis) In stead of fier they vse hot stoues.., which are certaine chambers or roomes, hauing an earthen ouen cast into them.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 103 All the passengers lie together in the warme stoaue, with those of the Family, both Men and Weomen.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. iv. v. 201 How tedious is it to them that liue in stoues and caues halfe a yeare together; as in Island, Muscovy, or vnder the Pole it selfe.
1634 W. Wood New Englands Prospect ii. v. 65 Hee busles better through a world of cold in a frost-paved wildernesse, than the furred Citizen in his warmer Stoave.
1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. ix. 86 When a certain Frenchman came to visit Melanchthon, he found him in his stove with one hand dandling his child..and in the other hand holding a book.
a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1680 (1955) IV. 221 All the inhabitans retiring to their stoves.
1706 G. Farquhar Recruiting Officer iii. ii. 34 I might have marry'd a German Princess worth Fifty thousand Crowns a Year, but her Stove disgusted me.
3. A hothouse for plants.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > greenhouse or glass-house > hothouse
stow1614
hothouse1629
stove1697
hot wall1739
moist stove1806
tan-stove1828
warm-house1843
stove-house1860
1697 Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 395 A new black Maiden Hair..now growing in his Majesty's Stoves at Hampton Court.
1739 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. II. at Elephantopus the Plants should be placed in a Stove after the Seeds are perfected.
1793 R. Steele Ess. Gardening 115 A General Stove, 160 feet in length, and of proper width and height, is capable of containing a prodigious collection of plants.
1804 C. Smith Conversations I. 65 In the stove the natives of the torrid zone; in the conservatory the inhabitants of milder regions.
1869 A. R. Wallace Malay Archipel. (1890) 85 In our stoves these varied conditions can be supplied to each individual plant.
1895 A. Amherst Hist. Gardening in Eng. 282 The climbing plants which adorned the stove.
4. A heated chamber or box for some special purpose.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > chamber or box for keeping anything warm
furnacec1400
stow1614
stove1640
stove-tub1797
stove-room1825
Norwegian stove1873
1640 T. Brugis Marrow of Physicke ii. 142 So set your Plate in a warme Stove, or Oven.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Stove... Among Confectioners, it is a little Closet well stopt up on all Sides; where there are several stories or rows of Shelves, one above another, made of Wires, to hold the Sweet-meats that are to be dried.
1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper ix. 223 When they are cold, take them out and lay them on Glasses, put them into a Stove, and turn them every half Hour.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth V. 168 The artifical method of hatching chickens in stoves, as is practised at Grand Cairo.
1811 A. T. Thomson London Dispensatory ii. 236 They are..killed by the steams of boiling vinegar, and dried either by the sun or in a stove.
1835 A. Ure Philos. Manuf. 146 When all the wool is gathered on the teeth, the comb is placed with its points in the stove.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 660 A stove, is a kind of kiln for warping timber in.
1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 183 Stove, the oven in which the blast of a furnace is heated.
1885 J. J. Hummel Dyeing Textile Fabrics 112 The sulphur stove—a spacious brick chamber which can be charged with sulphur dioxide.
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 969 The drawing or emptying of ‘stoves’ is regarded as the most dangerous part of white-lead making.
5. An apparatus for heating (originally, for heating a ‘stove’ in sense 1 or 2). Cf. stew n.2 1b.
a. A closed box or vessel of earthenware, porcelain, or (now more usually) of metal, portable or fixed, in which heat is produced either by combustion of fuel or electrically, for use in warming rooms, cooking, etc.Often with defining word, indicating the purpose for which the stove is used, as in cooking stove, or the kind of fuel employed, as anthracite stove, coal stove, gas stove, oil stove: see the first element.Quots. 1562 and 1591 perhaps do not belong to this sense.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > stove
stove1604
furnace1691
fire stove1699
stow1730
poil1756
stove-fire1769
hypocaust1829
magazine stove1875
1562 W. Bullein Bk. Use Sicke Men f. liiiv, in Bulwarke of Defence Make a fire of Charcoales, or a stoue, which is a fire secret felt, but not seen.
1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth ii. f. 4 In the extremitie of winter, if you holde a pewter dishe..in your hand..(except in some chamber where their warme stoaues bee) your fingers will friese faste vnto it.]
1604 Rates Marchandizes sig. F1 Iron Stoues the peece xl.s.
1623 T. Adams Barren Tree 4 A Candle is made to light vs, not to heate vs: a Stoue is made to heate vs, not to light vs.
1624 Fairfax Inventory in Archaeologia (1884) 48 138 In your closet a litle chare, the marble morter, the stove, your owne cabinet & bookes, a target, [etc.].
1642 T. Fuller Holy State i. xii. 39 Though there be no fire seen outwardly, as in the English chymnies, it may be hotter within, as in the Dutch stoves.
1691 J. Gibson in Archaeologia 12 181 In one of the lesser gardens is a large green house divided into several rooms, and all of them with stoves under them, and fire to keep a continual heat.
1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Treat. Orange Trees ix. 21 in Compl. Gard'ner The Heat of Char-coal..in some hidden Stove, or Earthen Pan.
1702 S. Sewall Diary 16 Jan. (1973) I. 461 A good fire in the Stove warm'd the Room.
1715 London Gaz. No. 5325/4 Stoves fix'd to the Chimneys.
1735 W. Pardon Dyche's New Gen. Eng. Dict. Stove, a small close Fire, sometimes used for drying Sugars, Sweet-meats, &c.
1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ii. 26 Do it over a Stove or slow Fire till the Rice begins to be thick.
1816 T. L. Peacock Headlong Hall viii. 116 With pickaxes and gunpowder, a hanging-stove and a poker.
1833 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal II. 173 The close fire-places, or stoves properly so called, the principle of which is the emission of hot air.
1853 A. Soyer Pantropheon 248 Place them on the stove or gridiron, and you will, by these means, obtain a delicate and tempting dish.
1853 S. Moodie Life in Clearings 373 I have seen the grandmother in a wealthy family ironing the fine linen, or broiling over the cook-stove.
1854 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 216 Chamber stoves are constructed to disseminate heat by the direct contact of air with the heated surface, which is obtained by burning fuel on a grate, closely surrounded on all sides except below the bars, by a good conducting or absorbing material.
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) II. 395/1 On the Continent..the..scarcity of fuel..early led to the introduction of the hot-air stove.
1909 Mission Field June 60 There is at present no heating system of any kind in the school beyond the old-fashioned stoves in each room.
b. Applied to the metal structure of a more or less open fireplace; a ‘grate’.This use, common in England, appears to be unknown in the U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > hearth or fireplace > grate
grate1605
fire grate1620
purgatory1707
stove-grate1730
stovea1756
ash-grate1833
basket-grate1889
well-fire1895
well grate1898
hob-grate1915
combination grate1940
a1756 E. Haywood New Present (1771) 252 To rub the stove and fire-irons.
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. xi. 272 On the next morning, Emily ordered a fire to be lighted in the stove of the chamber, where St. Aubert used to sleep.
1817 W. Beloe Sexagenarian II. 143 He would..offend the delicacy of his hostess by contaminating..the brightness of her stoves.. with the distillations of tobacco.
1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) viii. 73 An empty room..made ghastly by a ragged fireplace without any stove in it.
1861 T. L. Peacock Gryll Grange xxii. 196 It would not suit the stoves of our modern saloons.
c. Nautical. (See quot. 1750) Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > stove on ship
hearth1391
stove1750
galley1853
1750 T. R. Blanckley Naval Expositor Stoves are square Boxes made of Plank filled with Bricks, and when fitted with an Iron Ring and small Bars, are for burning Charcoal, in order for the Cook to dress the Admiral's or Captain's Victuals on.
d. A foot-warmer containing burning charcoal, such as is used in the Low Countries [Dutch stoof] .
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for warming the person > the feet
foot stove1611
stove1716
chauffet1790
foot-warmer1812
foot pan1817
1716 J. Gay Trivia ii. 34 The Belgian stove beneath her Footstool glows.
1883 O. Schreiner Story Afr. Farm i. v Under her feet was a wooden stove.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a. In sense 2.
stove-window n. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. clxiijv Lookynge downe out of the stowffe wyndowe into the courte vnderneth.
1680 R. L'Estrange tr. Erasmus 20 Select Colloquies v. 60 The Master of the Inn puts his head out of the Stove window.
b. In sense 3.
stove-flower n.
ΚΠ
1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) xxxi She held..a vast bouquet entirely of white stove flowers.
stove-heat n.
ΚΠ
1852 W. E. Gladstone Gleanings (1877) IV. 184 The growth of those democratic principles which the present system is forcing with stove-heat to maturity.
stove-plant n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > wild and cultivated plants > [noun] > cultivated or planted > in particular place or receptacle
stove-plant1778
pot plant1824
window plant1831
border-flower1850
bedding-plant1856
bedder1862
bedding-out plant1865
pot-herb1882
1778 W. Cowper Let. 3 Dec. (1979) I. 288 I made Mr. Wright's Gardener a present of 50 Sorts of Stove Plant Seeds.
1812 S. Edwards New Bot. Garden I. 10 A pleasing variety among other stove plants.
1842 J. C. Loudon Suburban Horticulturist 19 Hothouse plants, which may be either dry stove plants..or damp stove plants.
stove-shrub n.
ΚΠ
1850 Florist 202 A handsome stove-shrub.
stove-thermometer n.
ΚΠ
1786 J. Abercrombie Gardeners Daily Assistant 354 The proper degree of heat..may be determinable by a stove thermometer.
c. In sense 4.
stove-dry n.
ΚΠ
1752 Gentleman's Mag. 22 348 (Porcelain) Rooms for throwing, turning, and stove drying the ware.
stove-dried adj.
ΚΠ
1766 Compl. Farmer at Moth As this corn (which had not been stove-dried) was old and dry enough, it was but seldom ventilated.
d. In sense 5.
stove-brush n.
ΚΠ
1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Stove-brush, a housemaid's polishing-brush, for blackening or shining a grate.
stove-chimney n.
ΚΠ
1730 Inventory R. Woolley's Goods (1732) 8 A Stove Chimney.
1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ A blower (in a stove chimney) ferreum ignis suscitabulum.
stove-coal n.
ΚΠ
1881 Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Engineers 1880–1 9 183 Stove-coal, Penn[sylvania]. See Coal.
1895 Daily News 15 Oct. 3/5 Stove coal 15s.
stove-door n.
ΚΠ
1868 Rep. Munitions of War 188 Having a door resembling an ordinary stove-door.
stove-fitter n.
ΚΠ
1903 Daily Record (Glasgow) 22 Aug. 2 George Morrow..a stovefitter.
stove-fitting n.
stove-grating n.
ΚΠ
1890 W. W. Merry in More Echoes Oxf. Mag. (1896) 96 By the stove-grating I can see the stoker.
stove-lid n.
ΚΠ
1876 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Tom Sawyer i. 17 She could have seen through a pair of stove lids just as well.
1929 W. Faulkner Sound & Fury 318 ‘I came in here to burn them up’..I says, looking at him and opening the stove lid.
stove-maker n.
ΚΠ
1843 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 6 422/2 This is a stigma on the stove-makers of London.
1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Stove-maker, a founder and caster of stoves and ranges, for grates and fire-places.
stove-manufacturer n.
ΚΠ
1843 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 6 422/1 As a stove manufacturer, I have [etc.].
stove-oven n.
ΚΠ
1855 E. Acton Mod. Cookery (rev. ed.) ii. 70 Set the dish into a gentle oven... [A] stove-oven, if the heat be properly moderated, will answer for the baking.
1968 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 13 Feb. 30/4 (advt.) 4 Bedrooms, large family room. Fireplace! Walkout! Stove Oven!
stove-piping n.
ΚΠ
1838 Penny Cycl. XI. 219/2 A communication..made of one or more ranges of iron stove-piping.
1901 J. Black Illustr. Carpenter & Builder Ser.: Home Handicrafts 64 An old piece of stove-piping.
stove-setter n.
stove-setting n.
ΚΠ
1898 Daily News 18 June 9/4 Bricklaying, jobbing, drains, stove setting, &c.
stove-tile n.
ΚΠ
1860 Inventory Objects Mus. Ornamental Art, S. Kensington 51/1 German enamelled stove tile; allegorical figure under an arcade.—Dated 1567.
1936 Burlington Mag. Sept. 111/1 The occurrence..on the jug of a relief corresponding to one on a green-glazed stove-tile.
1960 R. G. Haggar Conc. Encycl. Continental Pottery & Porcelain 269/2 Stoves and stove-tiles were made from the sixteenth until the eighteenth centuries, the earlier stove-tiles having flat surfaces with relief decorations and concave cylindrical backs.
stove-wood n.
ΚΠ
1867 D. R. Locke Swingin' round Cirkle 159 I held a stick of stove wood suspended over his head.
1929 W. Faulkner Sound & Fury 332 Then she..stacked stovewood into her crooked arm.
1972 News & Observer (Raleigh, N. Carolina) 30 Dec. 4/2 We don't hear much about stove wood [nowadays].
e.
stove-heated adj.
ΚΠ
1894 C. L. Johnstone Canada 67 The heat of the stove-heated kitchen prevented me from sleeping.
stove-warmed adj.
ΚΠ
1911 Chambers's Jrnl. Sept. 566/2 Their wives have their duties in the close and stove-warmed houses.
C2.
stove enamel n. a vitreous enamel that is sufficiently heat-resistant to be used on stoves.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > plated or coated metal > [noun] > plating or coating applied to metal > vitreous coating
enamel1426
enamelurec1430
enamellingc1449
fire amelc1500
email1594
stove enamel1907
porcelain enamel1924
stoved enamel1926
1907 Yesterday's Shopping (1969) 11/1 Stove enamel polishing paste..tin, 0/2.
1949 R. E. Kirk & D. F. Othmer Encycl. Chem. Technol. IV. 165 White baking finishes may be classified in four general types: (1) kitchen-cabinet enamels, (2) refrigerator finishes, (3) washing-machine finishes, and (4) stove enamels... Stove enamels are intended for use on the trimmings for stoves... A maximum temperature of 200°F is encountered.
1958 Observer 13 Apr. 10/2 A durable finish chromium rather than aluminium, and vitreous enamel..rather than stove enamel.
stove-enamelled adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > plated or coated metal > [adjective] > coated with vitreous substance
annealed1552
enamelled1621
encaustic1656
porcelain-enamelled1895
stove-enamelled1912
porcelainized1930
tin-enamelled1933
porcelanized1958
1912 C. H. B. Quennell in L. Weaver House & its Equipm. 103 A few years ago, and in the case of the cheaper ones to-day, baths were ‘stove-enamelled’.
1977 Custom Car Nov. 85/1 (advt.) 100E Jaguar IRS complete with crossmember, stove enamelled, all new parts.
stove-enamelling n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with coating or covering materials > [adjective] > type of enamelling
stove-enamelling1939
1939 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 43 607 It is desirable therefore, that in cases where stove-enamelling treatments or other processes involving re-heating at elevated temperature have to be applied to duralium, [etc.].
stove-fire n. Obsolete (see quot. 1769).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > stove
stove1604
furnace1691
fire stove1699
stow1730
poil1756
stove-fire1769
hypocaust1829
magazine stove1875
1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. Housekeeper (1805) Descr. Plate The Plate is the design of three stove-fires for the kitchen, that will burn coals or embers instead of charcoal..; the coals are burnt in cast iron pots,..CC Stove pots in which the fire is made.
stove-glass n. (see quot. 1891).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > stove > mica on front of
stove-glass1891
1891 Cent. Dict. at Glass Stove-glass, sheets of mica used in the fronts of stoves, etc.
stove-grate n. (a) = sense 5b; (b) see quot. 1875.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > hearth or fireplace > grate
grate1605
fire grate1620
purgatory1707
stove-grate1730
stovea1756
ash-grate1833
basket-grate1889
well-fire1895
well grate1898
hob-grate1915
combination grate1940
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > stove > receptacle for fuel or fire
firepot1595
stove-pot1769
stove-grate1875
1730 Inventory R. Woolley's Goods (1732) 8 In the Dining-Room... A Stove Grate.
1753 W. Hogarth Anal. Beauty viii. 43 Those branches fixt to the sides of common old-fashion'd stove-grates by way of ornament.
1841 in Inquiry, Yorks. Deaf & Dumb (1870) 26 Jos. Fellows, stove-grate fitter, Rotherham.
1862 Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 5971 Wholesale ironmonger and stove-grate manufacturer.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2412/2 Stove-grate, the grid or series of bars on which the fuel rests in a stove.
stove-house n. = sense 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > greenhouse or glass-house > hothouse
stow1614
hothouse1629
stove1697
hot wall1739
moist stove1806
tan-stove1828
warm-house1843
stove-house1860
1860 P. H. Gosse Romance Nat. Hist. 178 Choice plants that I had been used to see fostered and tended in pots in our stove-houses at home.
stove lifter n. North American see lifter n. 2a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > hearth or fireplace > iron for lifting stove-lid
stove lifter1886
1886 Harper's Mag. Nov. 835/1 We'll have a real egg and cinder flip with the hot stove-lifter in it when we get back.
1927 M. de la Roche Jalna xxv. 306 She up and shied the stove lifter at my 'ead.
stove-polish n. black lead or other substance used for polishing stoves.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [noun] > polish > types of
pumice1422
emery1481
foam of copperas1538
pumex1589
emery-stone1610
smiris1610
putty1663
rottenstone1677
tutty1731
French rouge?1745
rotstone1767
plate powder1786
emery-powder18..
rouge1808
waxing1825
black lead1830
tin-putty1839
red stuff1844
stove-polish1858
crocusa1861
crocus-powder1873
furniture cream1873
grit-emery1884
silver polish1895
Ronuk1896
Brasso1905
floor polish1907
lavender cream1926
lavender polish1961
lavender wax1970
1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Stove-polish, black~lead.
1905 Daily Chron. 13 Apr. 5/3 The blacklead and stove-polish business.
stove-pot n. Obsolete (see quot. 1769 for stove-fire n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > stove > receptacle for fuel or fire
firepot1595
stove-pot1769
stove-grate1875
1769Stove-pots [see stove-fire n.].
stove-room n. (a) = sense 2; (b) = sense 4.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room generally > [noun] > warm room or room with fire
stewc1374
stove?1542
fire room1591
firehouse1632
stove-room1706
zeta1706
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > chamber or box for keeping anything warm
furnacec1400
stow1614
stove1640
stove-tub1797
stove-room1825
Norwegian stove1873
1706 S. Sewall Diary 27 Feb. (1973) I. 542 Passing out of the Stove-Room into the Kitchen.
1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. IV. 74 The pigs, geese and fowls here live in the same apartment or stove-room with the owners.
1825 Gentleman's Mag. 95 i. 163 He went into a stove-room, in which sulphur, hay, &c. were burning at the same time.
1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 473/1 Immediately behind him is the stove-room, in which the moulds are ranged on shelves.
1846 G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. 6th Ser. 181 Sail-making. Besides the bleach-field there is..a ‘stove-room’, in which the flax can be exposed to any required degree of temperature.
stove-truck n. (see quot. 1875).
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Stove-truck, a truck employed in cannon-foundries for moving pieces of ordnance.
stove-tub n. = sense 4.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > chamber or box for keeping anything warm
furnacec1400
stow1614
stove1640
stove-tub1797
stove-room1825
Norwegian stove1873
1797 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 433/2 They should be stoved in a stove by the heat of a flue, and not in a baker's oven or a stove tub.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

stoven.2

Etymology: Compare stew n.3
Scottish and northern.
A steam; a mist rising from the ground.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > cloud > mist > [noun]
misteOE
roke1292
vapourc1386
nyle1481
stove1513
fumec1550
rouka1586
misting1604
steam1612
dampa1616
petty-fog1641
smoke1648
brume1694
muga1728
ure1818
nebule1869
nebula1894
moist1903
M1904
clag1940
1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid vii. Prol. 89 The callour air..Maid seik warm stovis.
1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid xii. Prol. 46 Moich hailsum stovis ourheildand the slak.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

stoveadj.

Brit. /stəʊv/, U.S. /stoʊv/
Etymology: irregular past participle of stave v.
1. Chiefly Nautical. That has been ‘stove in’. Also stove-in.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > [adjective] > stove in
bouged1580
bulged1619
stove1850
stoven1851
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > breaking or cracking > [adjective] > broken or bashed in
stoved1794
stove1850
stoven1892–3
1850 H. Melville White-jacket iv. 23 Eternally talking of line-tubs, Nantucket, sperm oil, stove boats, and Japan.
1897 R. Kipling Captains Courageous iv. 98 They found..a gin-bottle, and a stove-in dory, but nothing more.
1899 F. T. Bullen Idylls of Sea xvi. 124 One of the most frequent experiences in this perilous trade [whale-fishing] is that of a ‘stove’ boat.
1979 ‘A. Hall’ Scorpion Signal xix. 223 A stove-in radiator with rusty water blowing out of it.
2. stove-up adj. run-down, exhausted; worn out; chiefly predicative of persons. North American slang.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [adjective]
wearyc825
asadc1306
ateyntc1325
attaintc1325
recrayed1340
methefula1350
for-wearya1375
matea1375
taintc1380
heavy1382
fortireda1400
methefula1400
afoundered?a1425
tewedc1440
travailedc1440
wearisomec1460
fatigate1471
defatigatec1487
tired1488
recreant1490
yolden?1507
fulyeit?a1513
traiked?a1513
tavert1535
wearied1538
fatigated1552
awearya1555
forwearied1562
overtired1567
spenta1568
done1575
awearied1577
stank1579
languishinga1586
bankrupt?1589
fordone1590
spent1591
overwearied1592
overworn1592
outworn1597
half-dead1601
back-broken1603
tiry1611
defatigated1612
dog-wearya1616
overweary1617
exhaust1621
worn-out1639
embossed1651
outspent1652
exhausted1667
beaten1681
bejaded1687
harassed1693
jaded1693
lassate1694
defeata1732
beat out1758
fagged1764
dog-tired1770
fessive1773
done-up1784
forjeskit1786
ramfeezled1786
done-over1789
fatigued1791
forfoughten1794
worn-up1812
dead1813
out-burnta1821
prostrate1820
dead beat1822
told out1822
bone-tireda1825
traiky1825
overfatigued1834
outwearied1837
done like (a) dinner1838
magged1839
used up1839
tuckered outc1840
drained1855
floored1857
weariful1862
wappered1868
bushed1870
bezzled1875
dead-beaten1875
down1885
tucked up1891
ready (or fit) to drop1892
buggered-up1893
ground-down1897
played1897
veal-bled1899
stove-up1901
trachled1910
ragged1912
beat up1914
done in1917
whacked1919
washy1922
pooped1928
shattered1930
punchy1932
shagged1932
shot1939
whipped1940
buggered1942
flaked (out)1942
fucked1949
sold-out1958
wiped1958
burnt out1959
wrung out1962
juiced1965
hanging1971
zonked1972
maxed1978
raddled1978
zoned1980
cream crackered1983
1901 A. C. Hegan Mrs Wiggs ix. 127 If I was n't so stove up, an' nobody was n't lookin', I'd jes' skitter 'round this here yard like a colt!
1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §129/12 Physically run-down,..stove-up.
1955 R. P. Hobson Nothing too Good for Cowboy xvi. 175 You look stove-up, boy, what's the trouble with that hind leg of yours?
1960 H. Lee To kill Mockingbird viii. 81 Mr. Avery'll be in bed for a week—he's right stove up. He's too old to do things like that.
1974 D. Sears Lark in Clear Air i. 18 An elderly man in levis and stove-up range-boots was..in the lower bunk.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

stovev.1

Brit. /stəʊv/, U.S. /stoʊv/
Forms: Also 1600s stoove.
Etymology: < stove n.1 Compare Dutch stoven, which may be partly the source.
1.
a. transitive. To subject to a hot-air bath. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > wash one's body or part of it [verb (transitive)] > bathe > in hot or steam bath > subject to
stovec1485
c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxxiii. 109 Quhen the man suld stove him, he suld first entre the first chaumer yat is calde.
b. To sweat (a gamecock). Also intransitive of the cock: To undergo sweating. Cf. stove n.1 1b. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting or baiting animals > fighting between animals > fight between animals [verb (intransitive)] > sweat
stove1631
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting or baiting animals > fighting between animals > fight between animals [verb (transitive)] > sweat
stove1631
1631 G. Markham Countrey Contentm. (ed. 4) i. xix. 111 Then putting in your Cocke, couer him with sweete strawe vp to the top, and then lay on the lidde close, and there let your Cocke stoue and sweate till the Euening.
1686 R. Blome Gentlemans Recreation ii. 279/2 Each time Stove and Scour him [the Cock] according to the nature of his Heats, long Heats requiring longer Stoving, as also greater Scouring.
2. To keep up the heat of (fire). Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)] > make a fire > keep fire going
foster?c1225
stove1590
to keep in1659
to keep up1840
to keep on1891
1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 35 As the mineralls of Aetna stooue fire,..so yong yeares are incident to the heate of loue.
3. To put (plants) in a hothouse.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > [verb (transitive)] > grow in hothouse
stove1625
hothouse1829
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 267 For December, and Ianuary, and the Latter Part of Nouember, you must take..Orenge-Trees; Limon-Trees; and Mirtles, if they be stooued [v.r. stirred].
1691 J. Gibson in Archaeologia 12 188 These more nice and curious plants, that need closer keeping are in warmer rooms, and some of them stoved when he thinks fit.
1851 B'ham & Midl. Gardeners' Mag. Aug. 140 Tulips,—These will, of course, be all dryed, cleaned, stoved, and in their places.
4. To keep (persons) in heated rooms. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > heat or make hot [verb (transitive)] > keep a person warm > in heated rooms
stove1628
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xviii. sig. L4 While the rich lye stoued in secure reposes.
1801 A. Young Autobiogr. 6 June (1898) 364 Charming weather for the country,..and I am stoved up in this horrid place.
1802 T. Beddoes Hygëia II. v. 15 Mistaken medical opinions..induced physicians to stove their patients..in hot, close rooms.
5.
a. To dry in a stove or heated chamber: Nautical, to dry (ropes) in this manner to prepare them for tarring.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > shipbuilding and repairing > build a ship [verb (transitive)] > fit out or equip > ropework operations
splice1524
woold1616
stovea1625
parcel1625
serve1627
point1644
thrum1711
long-splice1863
the world > matter > liquid > dryness > dry [verb (transitive)] > by exposure to heat > in heated chamber
stove1914
a1625 H. Mainwaring Nomenclator Navalis (Harl. 2301)
1665 S. Pepys Diary 13 Feb. (1972) VI. 35 We had good discourse touching Stoveing and making of cables.
1736 J. Lewis Hist. Isle Tenet (ed. 2) 39 Stow or Stove Ropes, to dry them in an Oven.
1794 D. Steel Elements & Pract. Rigging & Seamanship I. 57 Stoving is placing of white rope in an iron stove or oven,..which makes the rope more limber..to receive the tar.
1851 R. Kipping Sails & Sail-making (ed. 2) 45 Bolt ropes formerly were stoved in a stove, by the heat of a flue, and tarred afterwards.
1914 A. Deane Belfast Art Gall. & Museum (Quarterly Notes No. 26) 8 The [clay] pipes are then laid in the sun, if the weather permits, for partial drying, or stoved previous to heating in the kiln.
b. To heat so as to fuse a coating to the object being coated. Also absol., and intransitive (of the coating) for passive.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with coating or covering materials > work with coating or covering materials [verb (transitive)] > enamel
annealc1440
porcelain-enamel1921
porcelanize1951
stove1951
porcelainize1956
1951 Industrial Finishing IV. 184/1 Unless the article is suspended approximately equidistant from the emitting surfaces there will be a risk of it being unevenly stoved.
1954 Archit. Rev. 116 132 The undersides of most metal deckings are ribbed, and the steel ones are usually finished with red oxide, ‘stoved’ on.
1962 D. W. Hislop in H. W. Chatfield Sci. Surface Coatings xviii. 531 A finish which stoves in half an hour at 150°C on sheet metal may require three times as long..at the same temperature when applied to a heavy casting.
1962 D. W. Hislop in H. W. Chatfield Sci. Surface Coatings xviii. 532 To be sure that a finish has been stoved adequately, a recording instrument is used with a thermocouple in contact with the painted metal.
1962 D. W. Hislop in H. W. Chatfield Sci. Surface Coatings xviii. 537 These lamps may be arranged in banks to give a high heating intensity. They enable paint films on suitable objects..to be stoved in times of a few seconds.
1977 Hot Car Oct. 73/1 It first etches and then stoves so that the finished coating (they say) is a really corrosion resistant lacquer around five times the thickness of factory wheel lacquer.
1979 J. D. Sandars et al. Man. Colour Matching 129 Apply 25–30 micron dry films to burnished degreased mild steel. Stove for appropriate times.
6. To stew (meat or vegetables). Now Scottish and northern.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook [verb (transitive)] > boil > stew
stewc1430
stufe1598
stove1736
1736 Compl. Family-piece i. ii. 101 Stove it well in good Gravy one Hour, and send it whole to Table.
1738 in J. Colville Ochtertyre House Bk. of Accomps (1907) 150 Dinner lambs head stoved.
1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ii. 44 Pigeons stoved.
1867 J. K. Hunter Retrospect Artist's Life (1912) xvii. 178 Plenty of potatoes stoved with the broo made an excellent dinner.
7. To fumigate with sulphur; to disinfect with sulphur or other fumes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > disinfecting > disinfect [verb (transitive)] > fumigate
smokec1000
smeekOE
besmokea1398
fumec1400
suffounge1490
perfume1538
fumifya1704
fumigate1781
stove1805
pastille1846
1805 J. Luccock Nature & Prop. Wool 171 The well-known mode of stoving cloth by the fumes of sulphur.
1844 G. Dodd Textile Manuf. Great Brit. ii. 73 The cloth was first bleached; the squares were printed by cylinder with a mordant of acetate of iron; then stoved; then passed through a caustic emulsion.
1915 Blackwood's Mag. No. 589/2 All clothing, even if issued brand~new on the eve of departure from a hospital in France, has to be stoved when it reaches English soil.
8. To heat (a building) with stoves; to provide with stoves. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > heat or make hot [verb (transitive)] > warm a building or room > by specific means
stove1808
1808 Lady Lyttelton Corr. (1912) 53 The house is so well stoved and fired it is quite a delightful temperature.
1880 T. M. Healy Lett. & Leaders (1928) I. 87 The whole of the American houses are stoved in the same way.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

stovev.2

Etymology: < stove n.2
Scottish. Obsolete.
intransitive. Of smoke: To pass in clouds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > products of burning > [verb (intransitive)] > emit smoke > of smoke: pass in clouds
stove1756
1756 M. Calderwood Lett. & Jrnls. (1884) v. 121 A long table where the carles smoak, so that, when a scoot passes, you see the smoak stoving out at the windows.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

stovev.3

Brit. /stəʊv/, U.S. /stoʊv/
Etymology: < stove, past participle of stave v.
transitive. = stave v. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > cause to suffer shipwreck [verb (transitive)] > stave in
bouge1485
bulge1570
bulch1577
bilge1589
billage1627
stavea1665
stove1820
1820 J. Oxley Jrnls. Two Exped. New S. Wales 17 The large boat had got stoved against a tree under water.
1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island iv. xx. 163 Drop shooting poor seamen, and stoving of their heads in while asleep.
1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island iv. xx. 165 I'll stove in your old block-house like a rum puncheon.
1894 Westm. Gaz. 7 Dec. 5/1 And her bulwarks were stoved and washed away.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1917; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1c1485n.21513adj.1850v.1c1485v.21756v.31820
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