acetabulumn.

Brit.

/ˌasᵻˈtabjᵿləm/, U.S.

/ˌæsəˈtæbjələm/

Inflections: Plural acetabula, (irregular) acetabuli.

Forms: Middle English– acetabulum, 1900s– accetabulum (irregular).

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin acētābulum.

Etymology: < classical Latin acētābulum small cup (originally used for vinegar), liquid measure equal to one-eighth of a pint, cup or saucer-shaped cavity, e.g. cup-shaped part of a plant, sucker of a polyp, socket of the hip joint, in post-classical Latin also in sense 2b (1594 in the passage translated in quot. 1634 at sense 2b) < acētum acetum n. + -bulum, instrumental suffix. Compare Middle French acetabule socket of the hip joint (a1546), measure of capacity for liquids (1548; French acétabule), French †acetabulum navelwort (1694); also Italian acetabolo (14th cent.).The medial -ā- in acētābulum may be after candēlābrum candelabrum n.

1. Roman History. (a) A cup to hold condiments, esp. vinegar, for serving at the table. (b) A measure of capacity for liquids and dry granular substances, equal to one-eighth of a sextary (sextary n. 1) (approx. 70 ml or 2.4 fluid ounces).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > liquid measure of capacity > specific units of liquid measure > two and a half fluid ounces

acetable1601

acetabulum1601

the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > bottle(s) for oil, vinegar, or sauce > for vinegar

vinegar-bottle1459

vinegar-glass1611

acetabulum1622

vinegar-pot1669

vinegar-cruet1713

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. 1375 Þe vessel in þe which was soure wyne and corrupte was ycleped acetabulum, as Ysider seiþ libro decimo.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. Gloss. sig. Aiij/1 Acetabulum, or Acetable, a measure among the Romans, of liquor especially, but yet of drie things also: the same that Oxybaphon in Greeke.

1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 43 Acetabulum was a goblet to bring vineger to the table of 3 ounces... Oxibaphum, is as Acetabulum of 3¼ ounces, or 1½ Ciatos.

1700 P. Danet Compl. Dict. Greek & Rom. Antiq. Mensura, for Retail, Hemina, or the Half Sestier, Sestier, Quart, Pottle, Pot, Congius, Cotyla, Cyathus, and Acetabulum.

1763 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 26 Acetabulum, in antiquity, a kind of plate wherein sauce was served to table... Also a Roman measure, used as well for dry things as liquids; and equal to a cyathus and a half.

a1855 J. Bostock & H. T. Riley in tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 418 (note) The acetabulum was properly a vinegar cruet, in shape resembling an inverted cone.

1857 S. Birch Hist. Anc. Pottery (1858) II. 317 Small vases called acetabula, or vinegar cups.

1935 Isis 24 28 Accetabulum, or acetabulum = 1/4 hemina.

1985 Antiquaries Jrnl. June 300 Seven out of the fifteen acetabula were affected to varying degrees.

1991 Britannia 22 339 Some [pots], such as the small acitabli (acetabula)..have no dimensions given.

2. Anatomy and Zoology.

a. The cup-shaped joint cavity on the outer side of the hip bone into which the head of the femur fits.In quot. 1578, any cup-shaped joint cavity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > pelvis > [noun] > hip bone > socket

pyxisa1400

acetable1578

acetabulum1578

pyx1864

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 3 ^v And this is called Enarthrosis, with a deepe and profound caue, or case, which we haue called Acetabulum, receiuyng the long, and round head of the bone that it ioyneth with all: as in the hippe, with the thighe, the shoulder with the Scapple bone, the middle of the hand, and instep, with the first bones of the fingers & toes, &c.

1605 A. Willet Hexapla in Genesin 335 We may name it acetabulum, the panne of the hucklebone.

1678 G. Harvey Casus Medico-chirurgicus 2 The Sword entring about an Inch more or less (by conjecture) below the short Ribs..seemed to stop on the Os coxendix (or hip bone) somewhat above the Acetabulum.

1712 Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 150 The Acetabulum was perforated in the bottom.

1872 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (ed. 6) vii. 173 In one joint of the body, the hip, the socket or acetabulum fits..closely to the head of the femur.

1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. v. 180 The socket for the thigh-bone is called the acetabulum or cotyloid cavity.

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) II. 1302 These three bones, ilium, ischium, and pubis, all contribute to make the deep cup or acetabulum in which the globular head of the femur works.

2001 German Shepherds Mag. 3 82/3 The head of the femur..fails to fit properly into the acetabulum (the socket of the pelvis that connects with the head of the femur to form the hip joint).

b. Any of the vascular structures by which the endometrium and placenta are attached (in ruminants); a caruncle or a cotyledon. Now historical and rare.Originally these structures were also supposed to exist in the human uterus and placenta.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > [noun] > ruminant > parts of > cotyledon

cotyledon1540

acetabulum1615

saucer1662

acetable1689

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια iv. xiii. 231 The branches of this Hypogastricall veine being entred the substance of the wombe do mingle themselues with the vpper braunches proceeding from the spermaticall, and the mouths or extreamities of them reach vnto the inner cauity of it, and are called Cotelydones and Acetabula, to which in the conception the Liuer of the wombe or the after birth doth cleaue.

1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xxiv. vi. 891 Those eminences called Acetabula [L. acetabula] doe not so greatly appeare in women as in many brute beasts.

1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician i. 2 Slimy humours which loosen the acetabula (or saucers) of the womb.

1703 T. Gibson Anat. Humane Bodies Epitomized (ed. 6) xxxi. 217 It was an old tradition continued for many hundred years, that the Placenta adheres to the Womb by certain parts called Cotyledones or Acetabula.

1786 tr. A. von Haller First Lines Physiol. II. xxxi. 214 (note) The outermost [tunic]..is almost the same substance with the acetabula in the secundines of brutes.

1859 J. E. Worcester Dict. Eng. Lang. 14/3 Acetabulum,..a lobe of the placenta in ruminating animals.

1989 A. Kurjak et al. in A. Kurjak & J. M. Beazley Fetal Growth Retardation ix. 120 The interest for the fetal cardiovascular system was expressed as early as the fifth century B.C. when pre-Hippocrates philosophers Diogenes of Appolonia and later Diokles of Canisto spoke about the so-called cotyledons or acetabula of the uterine inner surface from which the fetus feeds sucking.

c. Originally: each of the rounded suckers on the tentacles of many cephalopod molluscs (now rare). Later: a ventral sucker in many parasitic flatworms (esp. trematodes) used for attachment to the host.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > [noun] > sucker

acetabulum1661

sucker1681

sucking-cup1840

sucker-cup1845

sucking-foot1856

sucker-foot1870

sucker-disk1964

1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia Isagoge sig. B6 Amongst Fishes..The Mollusca, or soft..some have acetabula, and two long trunks.

1759 Philos. Trans. 1758 (Royal Soc.) 50 778 Great numbers of acetabula, or suckers, are placed somewhat irregularly on each of the shorter arms.

1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals I. App. 357 Two oval plates, or disks, containing four oblong acetabula or suckers.

1851 T. Wright & G. F. Richardson Introd. Geol. (new ed.) viii. 252 The arms are provided with acetabula or sucking discs, for adhesion to bodies.

1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals viii. 532 In Nautilus, the brachial processes are short, and possess no acetabula.

1932 Q. Rev. Biol. 7 458 The acetabula of the polystomes are ‘anterior’ in position, since they are found at the aboral end of the worm.

1951 L. H. Hyman Invertebrates II. x. 223 In a number of cases, the acetabulum has been secondarily lost; and such flukes, having only an oral sucker, are referred to as monostomes, although this character does not indicate relationship.

2003 Jrnl. Parasitol. 89 751 The acetabulum is round, muscular, and postequatorial.

d. Entomology. The socket or cavity of a joint in an insect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > leg(s) > socket of joint

acetabulum1828

1828 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxv. 537 The base is a spherical boss moving in an acetabulum of the thoracic shield.

1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals II. xxii. 432 The lower [jaw] extends beyond the skull, a condyle of which acts in an acetabulum of that jaw.

1902 Amer. Naturalist 36 36 In the ventral end of each postgena there is an acetabulum into which a condyle of the mandible fits.

1946 Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 39 72 The dorsal condyle is small and articulates with a small acetabulum on the head capsule.

2000 Coleopterists' Bull. 54 397 Prosternum..is short,..its lateral margins slightly curved downwards and well separated from procoxal acetabula.

e. A rounded socket in the base of an echinoderm spine which articulates with a tubercle or mamelon on the test.

ΚΠ

1874 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 164 734 The acetabulum is shallow, with a smooth margin and a central pit for the ‘round ligament’.

1928 Amer. Midland Naturalist 11 182 Bottom of the spine flat, its width about two-thirds the greatest diameter of the spine, marked centrally by a round, moderately deep acetabulum.

1963 Jrnl. Paleontol. 37 1111/1 There is a high base which gradually decreases in diameter to the wide acetabulum.

2004 E. Flügel Microfacies Carbonate Rocks x. 556/2 The concave articulation surface that attaches onto the mamelon of the tubercle is the acetabulum which may be either perforate or imperforate.

†3.

a. = navelwort n. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Crassulaceae (stonecrop and allies) > [noun] > navelwort

pennywortc1300

wall penny-grassa1400

navelwortc1450

wall penny grass1562

Venus' navel1592

hipwort1597

sea-navel1597

sea-navelwort1597

sea-pennywort1597

Venus' garden1597

cotyledon1601

kidneywort1640

Venus's navelwort1678

penny pie1707

acetabulum1727

penny leaf1782

pancakes1882

1565 J. Hall Expositiue Table 30 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. Vmbilicus Veneris, (called..in Latine of some Acetabulum, and in Englishe Penyworte).]

1727 Short Introd. Bot. in tr. C. G. Le Clerc Compl. Surgeon (ed. 6) 303 Acetabulum, its leaves are fastened to long Threads which proceed immediately from the Root; and they resemble little hollow Basins swimming upon the Water.

1728 R. Bradley Dict. Botanicum at Cotyledon Umbelicus Veneris..or Venus Navel-wort,..or Wall Penny-wort..is also call'd Acetabulum and Scutellum.

b. Mycol. A cup-shaped receptacle occurring in certain kinds of fungus. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1847 J. Lindley Elements Bot. (ed. 5) Gloss. p. iv Acetabulum, the receptacle of certain Fungals.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	acetabulum
释义	acetabulumn. Brit. /ˌasᵻˈtabjᵿləm/, U.S. /ˌæsəˈtæbjələm/ Inflections: Plural acetabula, (irregular) acetabuli. Forms: Middle English– acetabulum, 1900s– accetabulum (irregular). Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin acētābulum. Etymology: < classical Latin acētābulum small cup (originally used for vinegar), liquid measure equal to one-eighth of a pint, cup or saucer-shaped cavity, e.g. cup-shaped part of a plant, sucker of a polyp, socket of the hip joint, in post-classical Latin also in sense 2b (1594 in the passage translated in quot. 1634 at sense 2b) < acētum acetum n. + -bulum, instrumental suffix. Compare Middle French acetabule socket of the hip joint (a1546), measure of capacity for liquids (1548; French acétabule), French †acetabulum navelwort (1694); also Italian acetabolo (14th cent.).The medial -ā- in acētābulum may be after candēlābrum candelabrum n. 1. Roman History. (a) A cup to hold condiments, esp. vinegar, for serving at the table. (b) A measure of capacity for liquids and dry granular substances, equal to one-eighth of a sextary (sextary n. 1) (approx. 70 ml or 2.4 fluid ounces). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > liquid measure of capacity > specific units of liquid measure > two and a half fluid ounces acetable1601 acetabulum1601 the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > bottle(s) for oil, vinegar, or sauce > for vinegar vinegar-bottle1459 vinegar-glass1611 acetabulum1622 vinegar-pot1669 vinegar-cruet1713 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. 1375 Þe vessel in þe which was soure wyne and corrupte was ycleped acetabulum, as Ysider seiþ libro decimo. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. Gloss. sig. Aiij/1 Acetabulum, or Acetable, a measure among the Romans, of liquor especially, but yet of drie things also: the same that Oxybaphon in Greeke. 1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 43 Acetabulum was a goblet to bring vineger to the table of 3 ounces... Oxibaphum, is as Acetabulum of 3¼ ounces, or 1½ Ciatos. 1700 P. Danet Compl. Dict. Greek & Rom. Antiq. Mensura, for Retail, Hemina, or the Half Sestier, Sestier, Quart, Pottle, Pot, Congius, Cotyla, Cyathus, and Acetabulum. 1763 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 26 Acetabulum, in antiquity, a kind of plate wherein sauce was served to table... Also a Roman measure, used as well for dry things as liquids; and equal to a cyathus and a half. a1855 J. Bostock & H. T. Riley in tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 418 (note) The acetabulum was properly a vinegar cruet, in shape resembling an inverted cone. 1857 S. Birch Hist. Anc. Pottery (1858) II. 317 Small vases called acetabula, or vinegar cups. 1935 Isis 24 28 Accetabulum, or acetabulum = 1/4 hemina. 1985 Antiquaries Jrnl. June 300 Seven out of the fifteen acetabula were affected to varying degrees. 1991 Britannia 22 339 Some [pots], such as the small acitabli (acetabula)..have no dimensions given. 2. Anatomy and Zoology. a. The cup-shaped joint cavity on the outer side of the hip bone into which the head of the femur fits.In quot. 1578, any cup-shaped joint cavity. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > pelvis > [noun] > hip bone > socket pyxisa1400 acetable1578 acetabulum1578 pyx1864 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 3 ^v And this is called Enarthrosis, with a deepe and profound caue, or case, which we haue called Acetabulum, receiuyng the long, and round head of the bone that it ioyneth with all: as in the hippe, with the thighe, the shoulder with the Scapple bone, the middle of the hand, and instep, with the first bones of the fingers & toes, &c. 1605 A. Willet Hexapla in Genesin 335 We may name it acetabulum, the panne of the hucklebone. 1678 G. Harvey Casus Medico-chirurgicus 2 The Sword entring about an Inch more or less (by conjecture) below the short Ribs..seemed to stop on the Os coxendix (or hip bone) somewhat above the Acetabulum. 1712 Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 150 The Acetabulum was perforated in the bottom. 1872 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (ed. 6) vii. 173 In one joint of the body, the hip, the socket or acetabulum fits..closely to the head of the femur. 1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. v. 180 The socket for the thigh-bone is called the acetabulum or cotyloid cavity. a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) II. 1302 These three bones, ilium, ischium, and pubis, all contribute to make the deep cup or acetabulum in which the globular head of the femur works. 2001 German Shepherds Mag. 3 82/3 The head of the femur..fails to fit properly into the acetabulum (the socket of the pelvis that connects with the head of the femur to form the hip joint). b. Any of the vascular structures by which the endometrium and placenta are attached (in ruminants); a caruncle or a cotyledon. Now historical and rare.Originally these structures were also supposed to exist in the human uterus and placenta. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > [noun] > ruminant > parts of > cotyledon cotyledon1540 acetabulum1615 saucer1662 acetable1689 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια iv. xiii. 231 The branches of this Hypogastricall veine being entred the substance of the wombe do mingle themselues with the vpper braunches proceeding from the spermaticall, and the mouths or extreamities of them reach vnto the inner cauity of it, and are called Cotelydones and Acetabula, to which in the conception the Liuer of the wombe or the after birth doth cleaue. 1634 T. Johnson tr. A. Paré Chirurg. Wks. xxiv. vi. 891 Those eminences called Acetabula [L. acetabula] doe not so greatly appeare in women as in many brute beasts. 1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician i. 2 Slimy humours which loosen the acetabula (or saucers) of the womb. 1703 T. Gibson Anat. Humane Bodies Epitomized (ed. 6) xxxi. 217 It was an old tradition continued for many hundred years, that the Placenta adheres to the Womb by certain parts called Cotyledones or Acetabula. 1786 tr. A. von Haller First Lines Physiol. II. xxxi. 214 (note) The outermost [tunic]..is almost the same substance with the acetabula in the secundines of brutes. 1859 J. E. Worcester Dict. Eng. Lang. 14/3 Acetabulum,..a lobe of the placenta in ruminating animals. 1989 A. Kurjak et al. in A. Kurjak & J. M. Beazley Fetal Growth Retardation ix. 120 The interest for the fetal cardiovascular system was expressed as early as the fifth century B.C. when pre-Hippocrates philosophers Diogenes of Appolonia and later Diokles of Canisto spoke about the so-called cotyledons or acetabula of the uterine inner surface from which the fetus feeds sucking. c. Originally: each of the rounded suckers on the tentacles of many cephalopod molluscs (now rare). Later: a ventral sucker in many parasitic flatworms (esp. trematodes) used for attachment to the host. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > [noun] > sucker acetabulum1661 sucker1681 sucking-cup1840 sucker-cup1845 sucking-foot1856 sucker-foot1870 sucker-disk1964 1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia Isagoge sig. B6 Amongst Fishes..The Mollusca, or soft..some have acetabula, and two long trunks. 1759 Philos. Trans. 1758 (Royal Soc.) 50 778 Great numbers of acetabula, or suckers, are placed somewhat irregularly on each of the shorter arms. 1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals I. App. 357 Two oval plates, or disks, containing four oblong acetabula or suckers. 1851 T. Wright & G. F. Richardson Introd. Geol. (new ed.) viii. 252 The arms are provided with acetabula or sucking discs, for adhesion to bodies. 1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals viii. 532 In Nautilus, the brachial processes are short, and possess no acetabula. 1932 Q. Rev. Biol. 7 458 The acetabula of the polystomes are ‘anterior’ in position, since they are found at the aboral end of the worm. 1951 L. H. Hyman Invertebrates II. x. 223 In a number of cases, the acetabulum has been secondarily lost; and such flukes, having only an oral sucker, are referred to as monostomes, although this character does not indicate relationship. 2003 Jrnl. Parasitol. 89 751 The acetabulum is round, muscular, and postequatorial. d. Entomology. The socket or cavity of a joint in an insect. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > leg(s) > socket of joint acetabulum1828 1828 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxv. 537 The base is a spherical boss moving in an acetabulum of the thoracic shield. 1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals II. xxii. 432 The lower [jaw] extends beyond the skull, a condyle of which acts in an acetabulum of that jaw. 1902 Amer. Naturalist 36 36 In the ventral end of each postgena there is an acetabulum into which a condyle of the mandible fits. 1946 Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 39 72 The dorsal condyle is small and articulates with a small acetabulum on the head capsule. 2000 Coleopterists' Bull. 54 397 Prosternum..is short,..its lateral margins slightly curved downwards and well separated from procoxal acetabula. e. A rounded socket in the base of an echinoderm spine which articulates with a tubercle or mamelon on the test. ΚΠ 1874 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 164 734 The acetabulum is shallow, with a smooth margin and a central pit for the ‘round ligament’. 1928 Amer. Midland Naturalist 11 182 Bottom of the spine flat, its width about two-thirds the greatest diameter of the spine, marked centrally by a round, moderately deep acetabulum. 1963 Jrnl. Paleontol. 37 1111/1 There is a high base which gradually decreases in diameter to the wide acetabulum. 2004 E. Flügel Microfacies Carbonate Rocks x. 556/2 The concave articulation surface that attaches onto the mamelon of the tubercle is the acetabulum which may be either perforate or imperforate. †3. a. = navelwort n. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Crassulaceae (stonecrop and allies) > [noun] > navelwort pennywortc1300 wall penny-grassa1400 navelwortc1450 wall penny grass1562 Venus' navel1592 hipwort1597 sea-navel1597 sea-navelwort1597 sea-pennywort1597 Venus' garden1597 cotyledon1601 kidneywort1640 Venus's navelwort1678 penny pie1707 acetabulum1727 penny leaf1782 pancakes1882 1565 J. Hall Expositiue Table 30 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. Vmbilicus Veneris, (called..in Latine of some Acetabulum, and in Englishe Penyworte).] 1727 Short Introd. Bot. in tr. C. G. Le Clerc Compl. Surgeon (ed. 6) 303 Acetabulum, its leaves are fastened to long Threads which proceed immediately from the Root; and they resemble little hollow Basins swimming upon the Water. 1728 R. Bradley Dict. Botanicum at Cotyledon Umbelicus Veneris..or Venus Navel-wort,..or Wall Penny-wort..is also call'd Acetabulum and Scutellum. b. Mycol. A cup-shaped receptacle occurring in certain kinds of fungus. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1847 J. Lindley Elements Bot. (ed. 5) Gloss. p. iv Acetabulum, the receptacle of certain Fungals. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1398
随便看	out-township out-trade out-trader out-trail out-trap out-travel out-tray out-trick out-triple out-trot out-trump out-try out-tuft out-tun out-tune out-turn out-turned out-tyrannize out-uncle out-usure out-vapour out-vary out-vaunt out-venom out-vent