stupefactionn.

Brit.

/ˌstjuːpᵻˈfakʃn/,

/ˌstʃuːpᵻˈfakʃn/, U.S.

/ˌst(j)upəˈfækʃ(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English stupefaccioun, 1500s stupefactione, 1500s–1600s stupifaction, 1500s– stupefaction.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin stupefaction-, stupefactio.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin stupefaction-, stupefactio astonishment, consternation (Vulgate), condition of being stunned or stupefied (early 14th cent. in a British source; 1363 in Chauliac) < stupefact- , past participial stem of stupefacere stupefy v. + -iō -ion suffix¹; compare -faction comb. form. Compare stupification n.Compare Middle French stupefacion , stupefaction , French stupéfaction , Italian stupefazione (both 14th cent.), Spanish estupefacción (1493 as stupefacion (rare), subsequently from the early 17th cent.). Specific senses. In sense 1b after post-classical Latin stupefacient-, stupefaciens (see stupefacient n.).

a. Loss or impairment of physical sensation or (now usually) consciousness, such as may be caused by a drug, intoxication by alcohol, etc.; a state of drowsiness, stupor, or insensibility; †the action of inducing such a state (obsolete).Not now used as a technical term in medicine, except in historical contexts.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > [noun] > state of physical stupefaction

dazedness1340

excessa1387

stupora1398

stupefaction?a1425

dazingc1522

damp1542

daziness1554

dazzling1581

stupidity1603

stupidity?1615

stupidness1619

stupification1650

dream1717

dazzlement1841

daze1855

dazement1855

lull1856

mazement1901

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > [noun] > state of physical stupefaction > physically stupefying

stupefaction?a1425

stupefying1614

stupification1650

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 139^v [Medicynez] approued to me for to cese akyng bi way of alteracioun & resolucion, And oþer bi way of stupefaccioun [L. stupefacionis].

1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. i. ii. f. 26^v/1 The extremitees of theyr bodyes..were reduced to suche colde, and congelation or stupefaction.

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke iii. xi. 92 We find that vomiting is a sufficient remedy for it [sc. yelking]: than also stupefaction of feeling, and such thinges as doe alter the gnawing.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 683 Narcissus..benummeth the sinewes, and ingendreth a heavie sleepinesse or stupefaction.

1677 tr. J. Groeneveld Treat. Stone 32 A stupefaction in the Thigh and Leg.

1794 J. Rowlin Compl. Cow-doctor 126 [From a stagnation of the pulse] arises a stupefaction in the whole frame.

1851 F. H. Ramsbotham Princ. & Pract. Obstetr. Med. & Surg. (ed. 6) Suppl. 552 From sleep the slumberer may be awakened at pleasure;—the stupefaction of ether-inhalation cannot be shaken off.

1896 Western Electrician 7 July 11/1 When the head of the fish is turned toward the anode or positive pole of a battery, calmness or even stupefaction ensues.

1918 M. V. O' Shea et al. World Bk. II. 1180/2 Carbon monoxide sometimes escapes from coal stoves and furnaces and causes stupefaction and death to whole families.

1969 D. Lambert Angels in Snow ii. 42 He pointed to the room where tonight's drunks had been laid out on shabby beds in various stages of stupefaction.

2004 J. V. Forrester & L. Kuffova Corneal Transplantation i. 3 By the end of the 19th century general anaesthesia was widely used to replace stupefaction by alcohol and opium, which had been the only analgesics used in earlier times.

†b. A drug or other substance that causes loss of physical sensation or consciousness; = stupefacient n. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > sedatives, antispasmodics, etc. > [noun] > stupefying drug

stupefactive?a1425

stupefaction1651

stupefacient1661

stupefier1661

1651 R. Wittie tr. J. Primrose Pop. Errours 327 Stupefactions [L. stupefacientia] being applyed outwardly, doe bereave the part of sence.

2. Great or overwhelming surprise, wonder, or consternation; amazement, astonishment.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > feeling of wonder, astonishment > [noun]

wonderc700

wonderingOE

ferlya1300

marvelc1330

stupora1398

admirationc1425

admirativec1487

amazement1576

mazement1580

stupefaction1592

amazedness1593

astonishment1594

stonishment1594

amaze1598

surprisal1652

staggerment1933

the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > [noun] > stupefaction

ecstasyc1384

mazednessc1395

astounedness1549

stupor1570

stupefaction1592

obstupescence1598

obstupefaction1625

the mind > emotion > fear > dismay > [noun] > consternation > overwhelming consternation

stupefaction1592

1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 26^v If the fragments and remaynder of so sacred an antiquitie..can breed a stupifaction in the admiration thereof.., what would it haue done in chiefest pride?

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 189 Which ceremony is so hideously acted that it raises no small stupefaction in the beholders.

1702 Compar. between Two Stages 38 He never before observ'd such a Hum in the Audience..; nothing but Amazement, downright Stupefaction! Surprize and Astonishment!

1810 A. Plumtre Narr. Three Years' Resid. in France I. xxii. 299 What must have been the astonishment, the stupefaction of the nuns, on returning to their cells, to find them..rifled!

1871 J. W. De Forest Overland 206 ‘Great—Scott!’ he gasped in his stupefaction.

1915 A. H. Shaw Story of Pioneer iii. 59 I stared at him in utter stupefaction. Then slowly I realized that, incredible as it seemed, the man was in earnest.

1983 Guardian 11 Jan. 1/8 The appointment..was said to have been greeted with stupefaction and disbelief.

2015 M. Banks In his Keeping iv. 36 The friends watched in stupefaction as more bricks hovered in the air, spinning and changing direction.

3. Mental or spiritual numbness or dullness; intellectual or emotional apathy or torpor; (also) the process or action of falling into such a state.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [noun] > want of or incapacity for emotion

dryheada1300

lethargyc1380

drynessc1450

dumping1542

unsensibility1551

insensibleness?1555

unsensibleness?1555

stupidity1568

stolidity1570

stupor1570

dumpishness1574

senselessness1577

innaturality1579

astoniedness1580

impassibility1603

stupefaction1603

torpor1607

deadness1611

unsufferance1611

hebetude1621

nonsense1621

drought1622

hebetation1623

obstupefaction1625

unanswerableness1626

tastelessnessa1631

insensateness1646

impassiveness1648

obtuseness1648

barrenness1655

torpulency1657

sterility1661

spiritlessness1669

unspiritedness1669

unaffectedness1678

insensibility1691

stolidness1727

apathy1742

impenetrableness1747

unfeelingness1766

impassivity1794

unfeeling1805

soullessness1811

incommobility1822

obtusity1823

unimpressibleness1830

hardhead1836

stockishness1837

insensitiveness1838

impenetrability1847

unreceptivity1849

unsusceptibility1850

woodenness1854

unimpressionability1862

irresponsiveness1864

unresponsiveness1869

impassibleness1874

irreceptivity1881

unimpressibility1889

apatheia1893

inemotivity1894

affectlessness1921

insensitivity1957

1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 319 Epicurus and Democritus..perceived her [sc. the soul] to be..capable of alteration and change, of joy, stupefaction and languishment [Fr. d'assopissement et de langueur].

1662 Christian & Sober Wish for Moderation 11 Fears and Jealousies..have..broken forth..in very many to a Stupefaction, and sitting still, to a giving over all manner of employments.

1764 J. Griffith Some Brief Remarks Sundry Important Subj. Pref. sig. A2 When a lethargic stupefaction hath gained the ascendancy, religion in notion, and fruitless speculation, satisfy a mind so depraved.

1797 Parl. Reg. 1797–1802 II. 592 That stupefaction and prostration of strength and energy which the baseness of corruption never failed to produce in the declines of nations.

1830 Casket (Philadelphia) Sept. 415/1 Marion remained fixed to the spot..in a sort of gloomy stupefaction, till she was at length roused by a note from her father.

1876 J. B. Mozley Serm. preached Univ. of Oxf. iii. 61 When reason itself has opened a view into immortality, to put up contentedly with annihilation,—what a dreadful stupefaction of the human spirit!

1911 T. W. Riker Henry Fox II. viii. 98 The activity..seemed the result of long pent-up energy that had suffered stupefaction under an arbitrary over-lord.

1948 N.Y. Times 3 Oct. ii. x. 1/7 That comfortable stupefaction which belongs to the late hours of Sunday had fallen over me and I retreated with a plate of food to an alcove in the parlor.

2010 Independent 24 Aug. (Viewspaper section) 3/4 It is not simply a phenomenon of the so-called underclass that teenage boys more than girls tend to fall into ambitionless stupefaction.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	stupefaction
释义	stupefactionn. Brit. /ˌstjuːpᵻˈfakʃn/, /ˌstʃuːpᵻˈfakʃn/, U.S. /ˌst(j)upəˈfækʃ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English stupefaccioun, 1500s stupefactione, 1500s–1600s stupifaction, 1500s– stupefaction. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin stupefaction-, stupefactio. Etymology: < post-classical Latin stupefaction-, stupefactio astonishment, consternation (Vulgate), condition of being stunned or stupefied (early 14th cent. in a British source; 1363 in Chauliac) < stupefact- , past participial stem of stupefacere stupefy v. + -iō -ion suffix¹; compare -faction comb. form. Compare stupification n.Compare Middle French stupefacion , stupefaction , French stupéfaction , Italian stupefazione (both 14th cent.), Spanish estupefacción (1493 as stupefacion (rare), subsequently from the early 17th cent.). Specific senses. In sense 1b after post-classical Latin stupefacient-, stupefaciens (see stupefacient n.). 1. a. Loss or impairment of physical sensation or (now usually) consciousness, such as may be caused by a drug, intoxication by alcohol, etc.; a state of drowsiness, stupor, or insensibility; †the action of inducing such a state (obsolete).Not now used as a technical term in medicine, except in historical contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > [noun] > state of physical stupefaction dazedness1340 excessa1387 stupora1398 stupefaction?a1425 dazingc1522 damp1542 daziness1554 dazzling1581 stupidity1603 stupidity?1615 stupidness1619 stupification1650 dream1717 dazzlement1841 daze1855 dazement1855 lull1856 mazement1901 the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > [noun] > state of physical stupefaction > physically stupefying stupefaction?a1425 stupefying1614 stupification1650 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 139^v [Medicynez] approued to me for to cese akyng bi way of alteracioun & resolucion, And oþer bi way of stupefaccioun [L. stupefacionis]. 1543 B. Traheron tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. i. ii. f. 26^v/1 The extremitees of theyr bodyes..were reduced to suche colde, and congelation or stupefaction. 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke iii. xi. 92 We find that vomiting is a sufficient remedy for it [sc. yelking]: than also stupefaction of feeling, and such thinges as doe alter the gnawing. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 683 Narcissus..benummeth the sinewes, and ingendreth a heavie sleepinesse or stupefaction. 1677 tr. J. Groeneveld Treat. Stone 32 A stupefaction in the Thigh and Leg. 1794 J. Rowlin Compl. Cow-doctor 126 [From a stagnation of the pulse] arises a stupefaction in the whole frame. 1851 F. H. Ramsbotham Princ. & Pract. Obstetr. Med. & Surg. (ed. 6) Suppl. 552 From sleep the slumberer may be awakened at pleasure;—the stupefaction of ether-inhalation cannot be shaken off. 1896 Western Electrician 7 July 11/1 When the head of the fish is turned toward the anode or positive pole of a battery, calmness or even stupefaction ensues. 1918 M. V. O' Shea et al. World Bk. II. 1180/2 Carbon monoxide sometimes escapes from coal stoves and furnaces and causes stupefaction and death to whole families. 1969 D. Lambert Angels in Snow ii. 42 He pointed to the room where tonight's drunks had been laid out on shabby beds in various stages of stupefaction. 2004 J. V. Forrester & L. Kuffova Corneal Transplantation i. 3 By the end of the 19th century general anaesthesia was widely used to replace stupefaction by alcohol and opium, which had been the only analgesics used in earlier times. †b. A drug or other substance that causes loss of physical sensation or consciousness; = stupefacient n. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > sedatives, antispasmodics, etc. > [noun] > stupefying drug stupefactive?a1425 stupefaction1651 stupefacient1661 stupefier1661 1651 R. Wittie tr. J. Primrose Pop. Errours 327 Stupefactions [L. stupefacientia] being applyed outwardly, doe bereave the part of sence. 2. Great or overwhelming surprise, wonder, or consternation; amazement, astonishment. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > feeling of wonder, astonishment > [noun] wonderc700 wonderingOE ferlya1300 marvelc1330 stupora1398 admirationc1425 admirativec1487 amazement1576 mazement1580 stupefaction1592 amazedness1593 astonishment1594 stonishment1594 amaze1598 surprisal1652 staggerment1933 the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > [noun] > stupefaction ecstasyc1384 mazednessc1395 astounedness1549 stupor1570 stupefaction1592 obstupescence1598 obstupefaction1625 the mind > emotion > fear > dismay > [noun] > consternation > overwhelming consternation stupefaction1592 1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 26^v If the fragments and remaynder of so sacred an antiquitie..can breed a stupifaction in the admiration thereof.., what would it haue done in chiefest pride? 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 189 Which ceremony is so hideously acted that it raises no small stupefaction in the beholders. 1702 Compar. between Two Stages 38 He never before observ'd such a Hum in the Audience..; nothing but Amazement, downright Stupefaction! Surprize and Astonishment! 1810 A. Plumtre Narr. Three Years' Resid. in France I. xxii. 299 What must have been the astonishment, the stupefaction of the nuns, on returning to their cells, to find them..rifled! 1871 J. W. De Forest Overland 206 ‘Great—Scott!’ he gasped in his stupefaction. 1915 A. H. Shaw Story of Pioneer iii. 59 I stared at him in utter stupefaction. Then slowly I realized that, incredible as it seemed, the man was in earnest. 1983 Guardian 11 Jan. 1/8 The appointment..was said to have been greeted with stupefaction and disbelief. 2015 M. Banks In his Keeping iv. 36 The friends watched in stupefaction as more bricks hovered in the air, spinning and changing direction. 3. Mental or spiritual numbness or dullness; intellectual or emotional apathy or torpor; (also) the process or action of falling into such a state. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [noun] > want of or incapacity for emotion dryheada1300 lethargyc1380 drynessc1450 dumping1542 unsensibility1551 insensibleness?1555 unsensibleness?1555 stupidity1568 stolidity1570 stupor1570 dumpishness1574 senselessness1577 innaturality1579 astoniedness1580 impassibility1603 stupefaction1603 torpor1607 deadness1611 unsufferance1611 hebetude1621 nonsense1621 drought1622 hebetation1623 obstupefaction1625 unanswerableness1626 tastelessnessa1631 insensateness1646 impassiveness1648 obtuseness1648 barrenness1655 torpulency1657 sterility1661 spiritlessness1669 unspiritedness1669 unaffectedness1678 insensibility1691 stolidness1727 apathy1742 impenetrableness1747 unfeelingness1766 impassivity1794 unfeeling1805 soullessness1811 incommobility1822 obtusity1823 unimpressibleness1830 hardhead1836 stockishness1837 insensitiveness1838 impenetrability1847 unreceptivity1849 unsusceptibility1850 woodenness1854 unimpressionability1862 irresponsiveness1864 unresponsiveness1869 impassibleness1874 irreceptivity1881 unimpressibility1889 apatheia1893 inemotivity1894 affectlessness1921 insensitivity1957 1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 319 Epicurus and Democritus..perceived her [sc. the soul] to be..capable of alteration and change, of joy, stupefaction and languishment [Fr. d'assopissement et de langueur]. 1662 Christian & Sober Wish for Moderation 11 Fears and Jealousies..have..broken forth..in very many to a Stupefaction, and sitting still, to a giving over all manner of employments. 1764 J. Griffith Some Brief Remarks Sundry Important Subj. Pref. sig. A2 When a lethargic stupefaction hath gained the ascendancy, religion in notion, and fruitless speculation, satisfy a mind so depraved. 1797 Parl. Reg. 1797–1802 II. 592 That stupefaction and prostration of strength and energy which the baseness of corruption never failed to produce in the declines of nations. 1830 Casket (Philadelphia) Sept. 415/1 Marion remained fixed to the spot..in a sort of gloomy stupefaction, till she was at length roused by a note from her father. 1876 J. B. Mozley Serm. preached Univ. of Oxf. iii. 61 When reason itself has opened a view into immortality, to put up contentedly with annihilation,—what a dreadful stupefaction of the human spirit! 1911 T. W. Riker Henry Fox II. viii. 98 The activity..seemed the result of long pent-up energy that had suffered stupefaction under an arbitrary over-lord. 1948 N.Y. Times 3 Oct. ii. x. 1/7 That comfortable stupefaction which belongs to the late hours of Sunday had fallen over me and I retreated with a plate of food to an alcove in the parlor. 2010 Independent 24 Aug. (Viewspaper section) 3/4 It is not simply a phenomenon of the so-called underclass that teenage boys more than girls tend to fall into ambitionless stupefaction. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1425
随便看	fatal-looking fatal-plotted fatalboding fataler fatalest fatalism fatalisms fatalist fatalistic fatalistically fatalists fatalities fatality fatality figure fatality rate fatality rates fatalize fatalized fatalizing fataller fatallest fatallier fatalliest fatallooking fatally